EP4003828B1 - Method for locating drifting submerged gear - Google Patents

Method for locating drifting submerged gear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4003828B1
EP4003828B1 EP20744035.5A EP20744035A EP4003828B1 EP 4003828 B1 EP4003828 B1 EP 4003828B1 EP 20744035 A EP20744035 A EP 20744035A EP 4003828 B1 EP4003828 B1 EP 4003828B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
location
beacon
submerged
drifting
radio
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4003828A1 (en
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Patrice Biousse
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/26—Means for indicating the location of underwater objects, e.g. sunken vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
    • B63B22/06—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements with means to cause the buoy to surface in response to a transmitted signal

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method of locating against the loss or else the vandalism of a drifting submerged fishing gear.
  • gear connected at the surface to a moving boat such as, for example, dredges, seines or even trawls. It is also known to use drifting gear connected only to one or more buoys floating on the surface such as, for example, longlines.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for locating drifting or potentially drifting fishing gear, thus responding to the request of the FAO, by making it possible to quickly and easily locate said gear, whatever the relief of the seabed and/or the weather conditions.
  • the location step consists of the transmission by the transceiver of the submerged beacon of a radio-acoustic signal capable of being received by a transceiver probe of the owner of the drifting craft and in the transmission by said probe of the radio-acoustic code allowing the release mechanism to be triggered and the raising to the surface of said beacon, when the radio-acoustic signal is received by the probe.
  • the location step can also consist of the programmed release of at least one locating element integral with the submerged beacon followed by the raising to the surface of the latter.
  • the location step can also consist of the programmed triggering of the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface.
  • the location method advantageously comprises, before the step of mooring a submerged beacon, a step of entering into the control unit the periodicity and the duration of the acoustic radio signal emitted by the submerged beacon and/or the date and the time of the release of at least one tracking element and/or the triggering of the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface.
  • the location method preferably comprises, jointly with the location step, an additional location aid step using one or more location aid members attached to the submerged beacon and/or to the tracking element.
  • the submerged beacon advantageously comprises at least one tracking element that can be released in order to rise to the surface, while remaining connected to it.
  • the submerged beacon preferably comprises one or more localization aid members fixed to its casing and/or the tracking element.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for locating a drifting fishing gear connected only to one or more buoys floating on the surface or a fishing gear connected to a moving boat and which can drift following an anomaly such as a partial destruction or the rupture of their connection with said boat, said fishing gear being, for example, dredges, seines, long lines or even trawls.
  • drift gear all these types of fishing gear at least partly submerged will be referred to as "drift gear”.
  • the method for locating a drifting craft comprises a first step consisting of the mooring of a submerged beacon at one of the ends of the drifting craft which it is subsequently desired to locate, said submerged beacon being provided with means ensuring its ascent to the surface and comprising a box containing a transmitter-receiver of a radio-acoustic signal associated with a control unit coupled at least to one time measuring unit, and a release mechanism allowing the ascent to the surface of said beacon in response to the reception of a radio-acoustic code and an order from said control unit.
  • Said localization method comprises a second step consisting in geolocating, using for example a GPS navigation assistant (Global Positioning System in English which can be translated into French by global positioning system), the place of departure of the drifting gear, in order to allow the fisherman to limit the location area by estimating the drift of his drifting gear from the place of departure so as to direct the search for said drifting gear in the estimated direction.
  • GPS navigation assistant Global Positioning System in English which can be translated into French by global positioning system
  • the submerged beacon is associated with a device for triggering the engine such as, for example, a remote control or even a switch making it possible to rotate the motor to bring said submerged beacon to the predetermined setpoint depth.
  • This release device also makes it possible to disengage the brake and the motor, in order to make the winding drum free to rotate in the event of a problem during winding or to carry out manual winding following a failure of the energy source or one of the components of the release mechanism.
  • the submerged beacon is advantageously equipped with a shearing which makes it possible to correctly distribute said rope around the furling drum.
  • the submerged beacon may also comprise one or more localization aid members fixed to its casing and being similar to those of the releasable tracking element previously described.
  • This embodiment of the beacon has the advantage of no longer having to calculate the exact length of rope to be placed between the submerged beacon and the associated drifting device, because the beacon adjusts according to its actual depth in relation to the set depth thanks to the pressure sensor, the control unit, the motor of the release mechanism and its associated brake, the variation in the actual depth possibly being linked to the tidal range, the current or the accidents of the seabed which can cause the drifting device to fall, for example, to the bottom of the sea. a sea trench.
  • the location method then comprises a third step consisting in locating the drifting craft using the associated submerged beacon.
  • a first solution consists in switching the transceiver of the submerged beacon to transmission mode in order to transmit a radio-acoustic signal, coded or not, capable of being received by a transceiver probe generally composed of at least one transducer for the transmitting part and a hydrophone for the receiving part, and conventionally arranged under the boat of the fisherman who owns the drifting gear, the power of the said signal is then analyzed so as to communicate to the fisherman the direction and/or approximate position of the submerged beacon and the associated drifting device. Indeed, it is well understood that the stronger the radio-acoustic signal received by the hydrophone of the boat's probe, the closer the submerged beacon.
  • the control unit coupled to the boat's probe considers that the radio-acoustic signal received is preferably optimal, that is to say sufficiently strong, it commands the boat's probe to switch to transmission mode and to send with its transducer a specific radio-acoustic signal of sufficient power to be received by the submerged beacon and to trigger the release mechanism allowing the latter to rise to the surface.
  • the third step of the location process is such that the emission of the radio-acoustic signal emitted by the submerged beacon is advantageously not continuous but on the contrary the emission is periodic and limited to a predetermined duration, for example, of the order of a few minutes.
  • a second solution makes use of a tracking element secured to the submerged beacon and which can be released to allow it to rise to the surface, while remaining connected to said beacon.
  • the release of said tracking element is advantageously programmed at a date and time predetermined by the fisherman.
  • a third solution consists in programming the measurement unit of the submerged beacon associated with the drifting craft so as to trigger, at a date and time predetermined by the fisherman, the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface, which, once at the surface, will activate, if necessary, one or more of its localization assistance devices such as, for example, the transmitter connected to one or more vessel surveillance, detection and identification systems and/or the flash lamp permanently attached to its box.
  • Each solution envisaged for carrying out the third step of the location method described above can be implemented alone or jointly with at least one of the other two solutions.
  • the third step of the location method according to the invention may, for example, consist in the release and the raising to the surface of a tracking element equipped with a geolocation antenna and in the emission of a radio-acoustic signal by the transceiver of the submerged beacon comprising in particular the coordinates of the geolocation of the latter and being able to be received by the transmitter-receiver probe of the owner of the drifting craft, the whole being followed by the ascent to the surface of said submerged beacon. It is well understood that this configuration allows faster localization of the submerged beacon and therefore of the associated drifting craft.
  • the location method according to the invention is mainly used to locate drifting fishing gear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de localisation contre la perte ou encore le vandalisme d'un engin de pêche immergé dérivant.The subject of the present invention is a method of locating against the loss or else the vandalism of a drifting submerged fishing gear.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Dans le domaine de la pêche, il est connu d'utiliser des engins reliés en surface à un bateau en mouvement tels que, par exemple, des dragues, des sennes ou encore des chaluts. Il est également connu d'utiliser des engins dérivants reliés uniquement à une ou plusieurs bouées flottant à la surface tels que, par exemple, des palangres.In the field of fishing, it is known to use gear connected at the surface to a moving boat such as, for example, dredges, seines or even trawls. It is also known to use drifting gear connected only to one or more buoys floating on the surface such as, for example, longlines.

Ces engins de pêches sont certes très efficaces mais présentent l'inconvénient majeur de pouvoir dériver de manière incontrôlée ou de pouvoir devenir des engins dérivants lorsqu'il sont tout ou partie perdus à la suite d'une anomalie telle que leur destruction partielle ou la rupture de leur liaison avec le bateau associé, ces dernières étant occasionnées par de mauvaises conditions météorologiques, la nature des fonds marins et/ou différents obstacles se trouvant sur les fonds marins ou entre deux eaux tels que, par exemple des épaves, des grands poissons ou encore des cétacés. Cet inconvénient majeur va à l'encontre des récentes demandes de la FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation en anglais, Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture en français) qui est une organisation intergouvernementale des Nations Unies dont l'une des missions est de fournir des informations et d'harmoniser les normes dans les domaines de la nutrition, de l'agriculture, des forêts et de la pêche, notamment par le biais de ses publications, et de ses bases de données. En effet, la FAO demande au secteur de la pêche, dans un rapport datant de 2010, de tout mettre en oeuvre pour récupérer les engins de pêche perdus en mer afin notamment d'éviter la "pêche fantôme" qui détruit la ressource halieutique de manière très importante et pour rien et qui a donc un impact écologique très important.These fishing machines are certainly very effective but have the major drawback to be able to derive uncontrolled or to be able to become derivative devices when it is all or part lost as a result of an anomaly such as their partial destruction or the rupture of their connection with the associated boat, the latter being caused by bad weather conditions, the nature of the seabed and/or different obstacles being found on the marine funds or between two waters such as Example of wrecks, large fish or cetaceans. This major drawback goes against recent requests from the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization in English, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization in French) which is an intergovernmental organization of the United Nations whose mission is to provide information and harmonize standards in the fields of nutrition, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, in particular through its publications and databases. Indeed, the FAO asks the fishing sector, in a report dating from 2010, to make every effort to recover fishing gear lost at sea in order in particular to avoid "ghost fishing" which destroys the fishery resource in a very significant way and for nothing and which therefore has a very significant ecological impact.

On connaît déjà des dispositifs ou procédés tels que ceux décrits dans les demandes de brevets internationales WO 98/45169 , WO 2017/109416 et WO 2018/162537 et/ou la demande de brevet américain US 7 487 614 . Toutefois, ces dispositifs ou procédés ne sont pas satisfaisants.Devices or processes such as those described in international patent applications are already known. WO 98/45169 , WO 2017/109416 And WO 2018/162537 and/or US patent application US 7,487,614 . However, these devices or methods are not satisfactory.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

La présente invention a donc pour but de proposer un procédé de localisation des engins de pêche dérivant ou pouvant dériver, répondant ainsi à la demande de la FAO, en permettant de localiser rapidement et facilement lesdits engins, quels que soient le relief des fonds marins et/ou les conditions météorologiques.The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for locating drifting or potentially drifting fishing gear, thus responding to the request of the FAO, by making it possible to quickly and easily locate said gear, whatever the relief of the seabed and/or the weather conditions.

A cet égard, la présente invention a pour objet un procédé de localisation d'un engin dérivant remarquable en ce qu'il comporte au moins les étapes suivantes :

  • amarrage d'au moins une balise immergée à l'engin dérivant que l'on souhaite ultérieurement localiser, ladite balise immergée étant dotée de moyens assurant sa remontée à la surface et comprenant un boîtier renfermant un émetteur-récepteur d'un signal radio-acoustique associé à une unité de commande couplée au moins à une unité de mesure du temps, et un mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de ladite balise en réponse à la réception d'un code radio-acoustique et d'un ordre de ladite unité de commande,
  • géolocalisation du lieu de départ de l'engin dérivant par son propriétaire, afin de permettre à ce dernier de limiter la zone de localisation en estimant la dérive de son engin dérivant depuis le lieu de départ de manière à diriger la recherche dudit engin dérivant suivant la direction estimée,
  • localisation de l'engin dérivant à l'aide de la balise immergée.
In this respect, the subject of the present invention is a method for locating a drifting craft which is remarkable in that it comprises at least the following steps:
  • mooring of at least one submerged beacon to the drifting craft which it is subsequently desired to locate, said submerged beacon being provided with means ensuring its ascent to the surface and comprising a box containing a transmitter-receiver of a radio-acoustic signal associated with a control unit coupled at least to a time-measuring unit, and a release mechanism allowing the ascent to the surface of said beacon in response to the reception of a radio-acoustic code and an order from said control unit,
  • geolocation of the place of departure of the drifting craft by its owner, in order to allow the latter to limit the location area by estimating the drift of his drifting craft from the place of departure so as to direct the search for said drifting craft in the estimated direction,
  • location of the drifting device using the submerged beacon.

L'étape de localisation consiste en l'émission par l'émetteur-récepteur de la balise immergée d'un signal radio-acoustique apte à être réceptionné par une sonde émettrice-réceptrice du propriétaire de l'engin dérivant et en l'émission par ladite sonde du code radio-acoustique permettant le déclenchement du mécanisme de libération et la remontée à la surface ladite balise, lorsque le signal radio-acoustique est reçu par la sonde.The location step consists of the transmission by the transceiver of the submerged beacon of a radio-acoustic signal capable of being received by a transceiver probe of the owner of the drifting craft and in the transmission by said probe of the radio-acoustic code allowing the release mechanism to be triggered and the raising to the surface of said beacon, when the radio-acoustic signal is received by the probe.

L'étape de localisation peut également consister en la libération programmée d'au moins un élément de repérage solidaire de la balise immergée suivie de la remontée à la surface de ce dernier.The location step can also consist of the programmed release of at least one locating element integral with the submerged beacon followed by the raising to the surface of the latter.

L'étape de localisation peut aussi consister au déclenchement programmé du mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de la balise immergée.The location step can also consist of the programmed triggering of the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface.

Le procédé de localisation comporte avantageusement, avant l'étape d'amarrage d'une balise immergée, une étape d'entrée dans l'unité de commande de la périodicité et de la durée du signal radio acoustique émis par la balise immergée et/ou de la date et de l'heure de la libération d'au moins un élément de repérage et/ou du déclenchement du mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de la balise immergée. Le procédé de localisation comporte, de préférence, conjointement à l'étape de localisation, une étape complémentaire d'aide à la localisation grâce à un ou plusieurs organes d'aide à la localisation fixés sur la balise immergée et/ou sur l'élément de repérage.The location method advantageously comprises, before the step of mooring a submerged beacon, a step of entering into the control unit the periodicity and the duration of the acoustic radio signal emitted by the submerged beacon and/or the date and the time of the release of at least one tracking element and/or the triggering of the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface. The location method preferably comprises, jointly with the location step, an additional location aid step using one or more location aid members attached to the submerged beacon and/or to the tracking element.

L'invention concerne en outre une balise immergée mettant en oeuvre le procédé de de localisation d'un engin dérivant selon l'invention, remarquable en ce qu'elle comporte :

  • un boîtier constitué de deux demi-coques assemblées entre elles et ayant une forme extérieure présentant un profil hydrodynamique peu sensible aux courants marins, ledit boîtier renfermant un émetteur-récepteur d'un signal radio-acoustique associé à une unité de commande couplée au moins à une unité de mesure du temps,
  • un cordage rattaché à l'une de ses extrémités à un point d'amarrage de l'engin dérivant,
  • un mécanisme de libération renfermé dans une cuve hermétique constituant une réserve de flottabilité et résistant aux pressions prédéterminées, ledit mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de ladite balise en réponse à la réception d'un code radio-acoustique et d'un ordre de ladite unité de commande, et
  • au moins une source d'énergie.
The invention further relates to a submerged beacon implementing the method for locating a drifting craft according to the invention, remarkable in that it comprises:
  • a box consisting of two half-shells assembled together and having an external shape presenting a hydrodynamic profile that is not very sensitive to sea currents, said box containing a transmitter-receiver of a radio-acoustic signal associated with a control unit coupled at least to a time measurement unit,
  • a rope attached at one of its ends to an mooring point of the drifting craft,
  • a release mechanism enclosed in a sealed tank constituting a reserve of buoyancy and resistant to predetermined pressures, said release mechanism allowing said beacon to rise to the surface in response to the reception of a radio-acoustic code and an order from said control unit, and
  • at least one energy source.

La balise immergée comporte avantageusement au moins un élément de repérage pouvant être libéré afin de remonter à la surface, tout en restant relié à elle.The submerged beacon advantageously comprises at least one tracking element that can be released in order to rise to the surface, while remaining connected to it.

La balise immergée comporte de préférence un ou plusieurs organes d'aide à la localisation fixés sur son boîtier et/ou l'élément de repérage.The submerged beacon preferably comprises one or more localization aid members fixed to its casing and/or the tracking element.

Description des modes de réalisationDescription of embodiments

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de localisation d'un engin de pêche dérivant relié uniquement à une ou plusieurs bouées flottant à la surface ou d'un engin de pêche relié à un bateau en mouvement et pouvant dériver à la suite d'une anomalie telle qu'une destruction partielle ou la rupture de leur liaison avec ledit bateau, lesdits engins de pêche étant, par exemple, des dragues, des sennes, des palangres ou encore des chaluts. On désignera dans la présente demande tous ces types d'engin de pêche au moins en partie immergée par "engins dérivants".The subject of the present invention is a method for locating a drifting fishing gear connected only to one or more buoys floating on the surface or a fishing gear connected to a moving boat and which can drift following an anomaly such as a partial destruction or the rupture of their connection with said boat, said fishing gear being, for example, dredges, seines, long lines or even trawls. In the present application, all these types of fishing gear at least partly submerged will be referred to as "drift gear".

Le procédé de de localisation d'un engin dérivant conforme à l'invention comporte une première étape consistant en l'amarrage d'une balise immergée à l'une des extrémités de l'engin dérivant que l'on souhaite ultérieurement localiser, ladite balise immergée étant dotée de moyens assurant sa remontée à la surface et comprenant un boîtier renfermant un émetteur-récepteur d'un signal radio-acoustique associé à une unité de commande couplée au moins à une unité de mesure du temps, et un mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de ladite balise en réponse à la réception d'un code radio-acoustique et d'un ordre de ladite unité de commande.The method for locating a drifting craft according to the invention comprises a first step consisting of the mooring of a submerged beacon at one of the ends of the drifting craft which it is subsequently desired to locate, said submerged beacon being provided with means ensuring its ascent to the surface and comprising a box containing a transmitter-receiver of a radio-acoustic signal associated with a control unit coupled at least to one time measuring unit, and a release mechanism allowing the ascent to the surface of said beacon in response to the reception of a radio-acoustic code and an order from said control unit.

On comprend bien que, dans les conditions normales d'utilisation, la balise immergée amarrée à l'une des extrémités de l'engin dérivant est disposée dans l'eau et n'est pas prévue pour flotter à la surface de l'eau. Ladite balise immergée amarrée ne remontera à la surface que sous certaines conditions décrites ci-après dans la présente description. Ledit procédé de localisation comporte une deuxième étape consistant à géolocaliser, à l'aide par exemple d'un assistant de navigation GPS (Global Positioning System en anglais que l'on peut traduire en français par système mondial de localisation), le lieu de départ de l'engin dérivant, afin de permettre au pécheur de limiter la zone de localisation en estimant la dérive de son engin dérivant depuis le lieu de départ de manière à diriger la recherche dudit engin dérivant suivant la direction estimée.It is well understood that, under normal conditions of use, the submerged beacon moored to one of the ends of the drifting craft is placed in the water and is not intended to float on the surface of the water. Said moored submerged beacon will only rise to the surface under certain conditions described below in this description. Said localization method comprises a second step consisting in geolocating, using for example a GPS navigation assistant (Global Positioning System in English which can be translated into French by global positioning system), the place of departure of the drifting gear, in order to allow the fisherman to limit the location area by estimating the drift of his drifting gear from the place of departure so as to direct the search for said drifting gear in the estimated direction.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, ladite balise immergée comporte en outre :

  • un boîtier constitué de deux demi-coques assemblées entre elles et ayant une forme extérieure présentant un profil hydrodynamique, en forme générale avantageusement d'ellipsoïde de révolution, lui permettant d'être peu sensible aux courants marins, ledit boîtier renfermant un émetteur-récepteur d'un signal radio-acoustique et une unité de commande,
  • un cordage rattaché à l'une de ses extrémités à un point d'amarrage de l'engin dérivant,
  • un mécanisme de libération renfermé dans une cuve hermétique constituant une réserve de flottabilité et résistant aux pressions prédéterminées, ledit mécanisme de libération étant avantageusement du type électromécanique et comportant un moteur muni d'un frein, intégré ou non, et étant apte à entraîner en rotation ou bloquer un tambour enrouleur autour duquel ledit cordage est bobiné, et
  • au moins une source d'énergie procurant l'énergie électrique nécessaire au bon fonctionnement notamment audit mécanisme de libération.
According to an advantageous embodiment, said submerged beacon further comprises:
  • a box consisting of two half-shells assembled together and having an external shape having a hydrodynamic profile, advantageously in the general shape of an ellipsoid of revolution, allowing it to be insensitive to sea currents, said box containing a transmitter-receiver of a radio-acoustic signal and a control unit,
  • a rope attached at one of its ends to an mooring point of the drifting craft,
  • a release mechanism enclosed in a hermetic tank constituting a reserve of buoyancy and resistant to the predetermined pressures, said release mechanism being advantageously of the electromechanical type and comprising a motor provided with a brake, integrated or not, and being capable of driving in rotation or blocking a winding drum around which said rope is wound, and
  • at least one energy source providing the electrical energy necessary for the proper functioning in particular of said release mechanism.

La balise immergée est associée à un dispositif de déclenchement du moteur tel que, par exemple, une télécommande ou encore un interrupteur permettant de faire tourner le moteur pour amener ladite balise immergée à la profondeur de consigne prédéterminée. Ce dispositif de déclenchement permet également de débrayer le frein et le moteur, afin rendre le tambour enrouleur libre en rotation en cas de problème lors de l'enroulement ou pour procéder à un enroulement manuel suite à une défaillance de la source d'énergie ou d'un des composants du mécanisme de libération.The submerged beacon is associated with a device for triggering the engine such as, for example, a remote control or even a switch making it possible to rotate the motor to bring said submerged beacon to the predetermined setpoint depth. This release device also makes it possible to disengage the brake and the motor, in order to make the winding drum free to rotate in the event of a problem during winding or to carry out manual winding following a failure of the energy source or one of the components of the release mechanism.

Pour assurer un enroulement régulier du cordage, la balise immergée est avantageusement équipée d'un trancanage qui permet de répartir correctement ledit cordage autour le tambour enrouleur.To ensure regular winding of the rope, the submerged beacon is advantageously equipped with a shearing which makes it possible to correctly distribute said rope around the furling drum.

L'unité de commande de la balise immergée intègre notamment un capteur de pression et une unité de mesure du temps. L'unité de commande pourra également intégrer un capteur de température permettant de gérer correctement les courbes de décharge de de la source d'énergie et de déclencher la balise immergée en cas de tension limite. Par ailleurs, la balise immergée comporte avantageusement au moins un élément de repérage pouvant, en cas de besoin, être libéré afin de remonter à la surface, tout en restant relié à ladite balise immergée, afin de communiquer la position de cette dernière et de l'engin dérivant associé. Ledit élément de repérage comporte avantageusement un ou plusieurs organes d'aide à la localisation répondant à la législation en vigueur et étant tels que, par exemple :

  • une lampe flash comportant au moins une ampoule disposée sous un bloc transparent de protection fixé sur le dessus d'un corps contenant une carte électronique associée à un capteur de pénombre et un capteur de pression, de manière à ce que la lampe flash ne flashe que lorsqu'il fait nuit et que si la lampe flash est hors de l'eau, et/ou
  • un émetteur connecté à un ou plusieurs systèmes de surveillance, de détection et d'identification des navires tels que, par exemple, le système AIS (Automatic Identification System en anglais, Système d'identification automatique en français), le système VMS (Vessel Monitoring System en anglais, Système de surveillance des navires en français) ou le système VDS (Vessel Détection System en anglais, Système de détection des navires en français), et/ou
  • un fanion, et/ou
  • un déflecteur radar, et/ou
  • une antenne de géolocalisation, par exemple une antenne GPS.
The control unit of the submerged beacon notably integrates a pressure sensor and a time measurement unit. The control unit can also integrate a temperature sensor to correctly manage the discharge curves of the energy source and to trigger the submerged beacon in the event of a voltage limit. Furthermore, the submerged beacon advantageously comprises at least one tracking element which can, if necessary, be released in order to rise to the surface, while remaining connected to said submerged beacon, in order to communicate the position of the latter and of the associated drifting device. Said locating element advantageously comprises one or more localization aid bodies complying with the legislation in force and being such that, for example:
  • a flash lamp comprising at least one bulb arranged under a transparent protective block fixed on the top of a body containing an electronic card associated with a penumbra sensor and a pressure sensor, so that the flash lamp only flashes when it is dark and only if the flash lamp is out of the water, and/or
  • a transmitter connected to one or more vessel monitoring, detection and identification systems such as, for example, the AIS system (Automatic Identification System in English, Automatic identification system in French), the VMS system (Vessel Monitoring System in English, Vessel monitoring system in French) or the VDS system (Vessel Detection System in English, Vessel detection system in French), and/or
  • a pennant, and/or
  • a radar deflector, and/or
  • a geolocation antenna, for example a GPS antenna.

La balise immergée peut également comporter un ou des organes d'aide à la localisation fixés sur son boîtier et étant semblables à ceux de l'élément de repérage libérable précédemment décrits.The submerged beacon may also comprise one or more localization aid members fixed to its casing and being similar to those of the releasable tracking element previously described.

Ce mode réalisation de la balise présente l'avantage de ne plus avoir à calculer la longueur exacte de cordage à déposer entre la balise immergée et l'engin dérivant associé, car la balise s'ajuste en fonction de sa profondeur réelle par rapport à la profondeur de consigne grâce au capteur de pression, à l'unité de commande, au moteur du mécanisme de libération et à son frein associé, la variation de la profondeur réelle pouvant être liée au marnage, au courant ou aux accidents des fonds marins pouvant faire chuter l'engin dérivant, par exemple, au fond d'une fosse marine.This embodiment of the beacon has the advantage of no longer having to calculate the exact length of rope to be placed between the submerged beacon and the associated drifting device, because the beacon adjusts according to its actual depth in relation to the set depth thanks to the pressure sensor, the control unit, the motor of the release mechanism and its associated brake, the variation in the actual depth possibly being linked to the tidal range, the current or the accidents of the seabed which can cause the drifting device to fall, for example, to the bottom of the sea. a sea trench.

Le procédé de localisation comporte alors une troisième étape consistant à localiser l'engin dérivant à l'aide de la balise immergée associée.The location method then comprises a third step consisting in locating the drifting craft using the associated submerged beacon.

Pour réaliser cette troisième étape, une première solution consiste à basculer l'émetteur-récepteur de la balise immergée en mode émission afin d'émettre un signal radio-acoustique, codé ou non, apte à être réceptionné par une sonde émettrice-réceptrice composée généralement d'au moins un transducteur pour la partie émettrice et d'un hydrophone pour la partie réception, et disposée classiquement sous le bateau du pécheur propriétaire de l'engin dérivant, la puissance dudit signal est ensuite analysée de sorte à communiquer au pécheur la direction et/ou position approximative de la balise immergée et de l'engin dérivant associé. En effet, on comprend bien que plus le signal radio-acoustique reçu par l'hydrophone de la sonde du bateau est fort, plus la balise immergée est proche. Dès que l'unité de commande couplée à la sonde du bateau estime que le signal radio-acoustique reçu est de préférence optimal, c'est-à-dire suffisamment fort, elle commande à la sonde du bateau de passer en mode émission et d'envoyer avec son transducteur un signal radio-acoustique spécifique de puissance suffisante pour être reçu par la balise immergée et permettant de déclencher le mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de cette dernière. Pour ne pas solliciter la source d'énergie de la balise immergée de manière continue, la troisième étape du procédé de localisation est telle que l'émission du signal radio-acoustique émis par la balise immergée n'est avantageusement pas continue mais au contraire l'émission est périodique et limitée à une durée prédéterminée, par exemple, de l'ordre de quelques minutes.To carry out this third step, a first solution consists in switching the transceiver of the submerged beacon to transmission mode in order to transmit a radio-acoustic signal, coded or not, capable of being received by a transceiver probe generally composed of at least one transducer for the transmitting part and a hydrophone for the receiving part, and conventionally arranged under the boat of the fisherman who owns the drifting gear, the power of the said signal is then analyzed so as to communicate to the fisherman the direction and/or approximate position of the submerged beacon and the associated drifting device. Indeed, it is well understood that the stronger the radio-acoustic signal received by the hydrophone of the boat's probe, the closer the submerged beacon. As soon as the control unit coupled to the boat's probe considers that the radio-acoustic signal received is preferably optimal, that is to say sufficiently strong, it commands the boat's probe to switch to transmission mode and to send with its transducer a specific radio-acoustic signal of sufficient power to be received by the submerged beacon and to trigger the release mechanism allowing the latter to rise to the surface. In order not to solicit the energy source of the submerged beacon continuously, the third step of the location process is such that the emission of the radio-acoustic signal emitted by the submerged beacon is advantageously not continuous but on the contrary the emission is periodic and limited to a predetermined duration, for example, of the order of a few minutes.

Pour réaliser cette troisième étape, une deuxième solution fait appel à élément de repérage solidaire de la balise immergée et pouvant être libéré pour permettre sa remontée à la surface, tout en restant relié à ladite balise. La libération dudit élément de repérage est avantageusement programmée à une date et une heure prédéterminées par le pécheur.To carry out this third step, a second solution makes use of a tracking element secured to the submerged beacon and which can be released to allow it to rise to the surface, while remaining connected to said beacon. The release of said tracking element is advantageously programmed at a date and time predetermined by the fisherman.

Enfin, une troisième solution consiste à programmer l'unité de mesure de la balise immergée associée à l'engin dérivant de sorte à déclencher, à une date et une heure prédéterminées par le pécheur, le mécanisme de libération permettant la remontée à la surface de la balise immergée, qui, une fois à la surface, activera, le cas échéant, un ou plusieurs de ses organes d'aide à la localisation tels que, par exemple, l'émetteur connecté à un ou plusieurs systèmes de surveillance, de détection et d'identification des navires et/ou la lampe flash fixés à demeure sur son boitier.Finally, a third solution consists in programming the measurement unit of the submerged beacon associated with the drifting craft so as to trigger, at a date and time predetermined by the fisherman, the release mechanism allowing the submerged beacon to rise to the surface, which, once at the surface, will activate, if necessary, one or more of its localization assistance devices such as, for example, the transmitter connected to one or more vessel surveillance, detection and identification systems and/or the flash lamp permanently attached to its box.

Chaque solution envisagée pour réaliser la troisième étape du procédé de localisation décrite ci-dessus peut être mise en oeuvre seule ou conjointement avec au moins une des deux autres solutions.Each solution envisaged for carrying out the third step of the location method described above can be implemented alone or jointly with at least one of the other two solutions.

Ainsi, la troisième étape du procédé de localisation selon l'invention pourra, par exemple, consister en la libération et la remontée à la surface d'un élément de repérage muni d'une antenne de géolocalisation et en l'émission d'un signal radio-acoustique par l'émetteur-récepteur de la balise immergée comportant notamment les coordonnées de la géolocalisation de cette dernière et étant apte à être réceptionné par la sonde émettrice-réceptrice du propriétaire de l'engin dérivant, le tout étant suivi par la remontée à la surface de ladite balise immergée. On comprend bien que cette configuration permet une localisation plus rapide de la balise immergée et donc de l'engin dérivant associé.Thus, the third step of the location method according to the invention may, for example, consist in the release and the raising to the surface of a tracking element equipped with a geolocation antenna and in the emission of a radio-acoustic signal by the transceiver of the submerged beacon comprising in particular the coordinates of the geolocation of the latter and being able to be received by the transmitter-receiver probe of the owner of the drifting craft, the whole being followed by the ascent to the surface of said submerged beacon. It is well understood that this configuration allows faster localization of the submerged beacon and therefore of the associated drifting craft.

On comprend bien que le procédé de localisation selon l'invention est principalement utilisé pour localiser des engins de pêche dérivants.It is well understood that the location method according to the invention is mainly used to locate drifting fishing gear.

Enfin, il va de soi que les exemples de procédé de localisation conformes à l'invention qui viennent d'être décrits ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives de l'invention.Finally, it goes without saying that the examples of location method in accordance with the invention which have just been described are only specific illustrations, in no way limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

  1. Method for locating drifting gear, including at least the following steps:
    - anchoring a submerged beacon to one of the ends of the drifting gear that it is wished subsequently to locate, said submerged beacon being provided with means that ensure it will rise to the surface and comprising a casing enclosing a transceiver for a radio-acoustic signal associated with a control unit coupled to at least one time-measuring unit,
    - geolocating the start point of the drifting gear, in order to enable the fisherman to limit the location zone by estimating the drift of his drifting gear from the start point so as to direct the search for said drifting gear in the estimated direction,
    said location method being characterised in that it includes at least the following step:
    - location of the drifting gear by means of the submerged beacon, the latter comprising a release mechanism enabling said beacon to rise to the surface in response to the reception of a radio-acoustic code and of an order from said control unit, said location step consisting of the transmission, by the transceiver of the submerged beacon, of a radio-acoustic signal able to be received by a transceiver probe of the owner of the drifting gear and the transmission by said probe of the radio-acoustic code enabling the triggering of the release mechanism and the rising of said beacon to the surface, when the radio-acoustic signal is received by the probe.
  2. Location method according to any one of claim 1, characterised in that the location step consists of the programmed release of at least one location element secured to the submerged beacon followed by the rising of the latter to the surface.
  3. Location method according to either one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the location step consists of the programmed triggering of the release mechanism enabling the submerged beacon to rise to the surface.
  4. Location method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it includes, before the step of anchoring a submerged beacon, a step of inputting into the control unit the periodicity and the duration of the radio-acoustic signal transmitted by the submerged beacon and/or of the date and time of the release of at least one location element and/or of the triggering of the release mechanism enabling the submerged beacon to rise to the surface.
  5. Location method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it includes, conjointly with the location step, a complementary step of assisting location by means of one or more location-assistance members attached to the submerged beacon and/or the location element.
EP20744035.5A 2019-07-26 2020-07-23 Method for locating drifting submerged gear Active EP4003828B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1908550A FR3099128B1 (en) 2019-07-26 2019-07-26 METHOD FOR LOCATING A DRIFT SUBMERGED DEVICE
PCT/EP2020/070868 WO2021018738A1 (en) 2019-07-26 2020-07-23 Method for locating drifting submerged gear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4003828A1 EP4003828A1 (en) 2022-06-01
EP4003828B1 true EP4003828B1 (en) 2023-07-26

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US (1) US20220266964A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4003828B1 (en)
CA (1) CA3145183A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2960895T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3099128B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021018738A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1547366A (en) * 1965-11-06 1968-11-29 Inst Francais Du Petrole At-sea beaconing and locating system for a floating installation or an underwater vehicle
US4262379A (en) * 1978-08-24 1981-04-21 Jankiewicz Walter J Automatically surfacing marker buoy for lobster or crab traps or the like
US5348501A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-09-20 Brown Steven J Compact retrievable marker buoy
AUPO597497A0 (en) * 1997-04-03 1997-05-01 Fiomarine Investments Pty Ltd Submersible and retrievable buoy
US7487614B1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2009-02-10 Seth Walker Radio controlled gill net recovery transmitters
FR3046130B1 (en) * 2015-12-24 2019-05-31 Eca Robotics DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING A SIGNAL FOR LOCATING AN UNDERWATER SOURCE
FR3063711B1 (en) * 2017-03-09 2021-09-10 Jose Vicente BUOY RELEASE SYSTEM USING A REMOTE CONTROL TRANSMITTING AN ULTRASONIC SIGNAL CARRIING A CODE

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Publication number Publication date
EP4003828A1 (en) 2022-06-01
ES2960895T3 (en) 2024-03-07
FR3099128A1 (en) 2021-01-29
CA3145183A1 (en) 2021-02-04
US20220266964A1 (en) 2022-08-25
FR3099128B1 (en) 2022-07-22
WO2021018738A1 (en) 2021-02-04

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