EP3031044B1 - System and method for automatically updating a database of speed limits of traffic - Google Patents

System and method for automatically updating a database of speed limits of traffic Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3031044B1
EP3031044B1 EP14749936.2A EP14749936A EP3031044B1 EP 3031044 B1 EP3031044 B1 EP 3031044B1 EP 14749936 A EP14749936 A EP 14749936A EP 3031044 B1 EP3031044 B1 EP 3031044B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
database
section
speed
vehicle
value
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EP14749936.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3031044A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marc Van Laethem
Fabien Pierlot
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Coyote System SAS
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Coyote System SAS
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Priority to PL14749936T priority Critical patent/PL3031044T3/en
Priority to SI201431749T priority patent/SI3031044T1/en
Priority to RS20210052A priority patent/RS61324B1/en
Publication of EP3031044A1 publication Critical patent/EP3031044A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3031044B1 publication Critical patent/EP3031044B1/en
Priority to HRP20210089TT priority patent/HRP20210089T1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
    • G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
    • G08G1/0133—Traffic data processing for classifying traffic situation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device or system and a method intended for the fully automatic updating of a database of authorized speed limits for all the sections of a road network. It also relates to the automatic constitution of a database of average vehicle speeds on these sections with a view to implementing the above method.
  • mapping companies which acquire the data by means of vehicles which are equipped with cameras and which traverse the road network, section by section, in order to record "in situ" the speed limits displayed on traffic signs.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy this drawback by proposing a system making it possible to produce, fully automatic updating of a database of speed limits for circulation on these sections.
  • the threshold value is a percentage of the limit speed value stored in the limit speed database.
  • the remote server may include means capable of taking as a new value the value closest to the maximum statistical value contained in a table of possible limit values.
  • the means of locating a vehicle may be able to provide the heading of the latter, and the direction of movement of the vehicle may be deduced from the latter.
  • the on-board system may include a database of limit speeds, the data of which will be updated as a function of those contained in the database of limit speeds of the server.
  • the on-board system may include means for displaying the limit speed on the section concerned, coming from its limit speed database.
  • the value closest to the maximum statistical value contained in a table of possible limit values may be taken as the new limit speed value for this section.
  • the new value of the authorized limit speed can be displayed in the on-board system.
  • the locating means may be able to provide the position, the instantaneous speed and the heading of the vehicle.
  • the present invention is based on the observation that, at present, more and more countries have implemented means of automated vehicle speed control, so that it can be assumed that, statistically, the The majority of drivers respect these speed limits and that, in practice, they set their speed slightly below the value of the speed limit displayed on road signs.
  • a histogram has thus been established showing the distribution of the speeds of vehicles crossing a section of motorway on which the authorized speed limit V Lt is set at 110 km / h and which is represented on the diagram. figure 1 .
  • On this histogram we plotted on the abscissa the speeds of the vehicles and on the ordinate the number of vehicles traveling at these speeds. It can thus be seen that there are twice as many vehicles traveling below the authorized speed limit V Lt , i.e. between 100 and 110 km / h, than vehicles traveling above this speed limit, i.e. between 110 and 120km / h.
  • the speed observed by the drivers corresponds to the upper limit of the interval of the distribution of average speeds. vehicles traveling on the same road section.
  • the system according to the invention essentially uses a remote server 1 and the motor vehicles of users who are equipped with an on-board system 3 which comprises geolocation means 5, in particular of the GPS type, as well as communication means 7 capable of making the latter communicate with the remote server, in particular by a GPRS or 3G type network. It further comprises a “cartographic base” 9 which contains the cartography of the road network and which allows vehicles equipped with the on-board system 3, in combination with the positioning coordinates provided by the geolocation means 5, to be located on a map. This assembly is managed by a microprocessor 8.
  • the cartographic base 9 comprises, for each of the sections t constituting the road network, its identifier t 1 , t 2 , ... t n ,, the direction of movement and, for each of these, the geolocation coordinates, in particular in latitude and longitude, at least of the two ends N n and N n + 1 of these sections (hereinafter referred to as section nodes), and which each represent the points separating two sections for which the authorized speed limit V Lt is different or , in other words the points where this speed limit changes.
  • this figure 4a a motorway section t n which begins at a section node N n where the authorized speed limit changes from a value of 110 km / h to a value of 130 km / h and which ends at the next section node N n + 1 where the speed returns from 130 km / h to 110 km / h in the case of a vehicle moving from node N n to node N n + 1 .
  • the remote server 1 comprises several databases, namely in particular a “base of limit speeds” 10 which contains the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt of each section of the road network, as well as a “base of average speeds” 11. intended to receive the values of the average speeds V mt per section which are recorded during the process according to the invention.
  • a “base of limit speeds” 10 which contains the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt of each section of the road network, as well as a “base of average speeds” 11. intended to receive the values of the average speeds V mt per section which are recorded during the process according to the invention.
  • these databases are managed by a processor 13 which also manages the remote communication means 15 intended to ensure the communication of the server 1 with the vehicles of the users equipped with the on-board system 3.
  • the geolocation system 5 of the on-board system 3 of each of the moving vehicles records, periodically, for example with a periodicity p equal to one second, its position and, by consulting its cartographic database 9, it determines the road section concerned t n and the direction of movement of the vehicle on it.
  • the on-board system 3 monitors any change of section of the vehicle.
  • the on-board system 3 detects any change of section and, as long as there is no change of section, it stores in the on-board system an information frame containing the time (day, hour , minute, second) of the reading, the value of the instantaneous speed V it on this section, as well as the direction of movement of the vehicle.
  • the on-board system 3 calculates the average speed V mt of the vehicle when crossing the section that it has just left.
  • the on-board system may for example, in a first calculation mode, take the average of the various instantaneous speeds V it that it will have collected in memory by the various readings that it will have taken during its crossing of the section.
  • the on-board system 3 will be able to calculate the average speed V mt of the vehicle by making the ratio of the length L t of the section over the time T t that the vehicle has taken to cover it, since knows on the one hand the time of entry of the vehicle on this section and the time of exit from the latter and that it is able, on the other hand, to calculate the length of the section t n .
  • the system will note the position of the vehicle, so that it will thus be able to determine the length LS n of each of the segment segments S 1 , S 2 , ... S n separating two successive readings of periodicity p .
  • V mt LS 1 + LS 2 + ... + LS not not not .
  • the on-board system 3 then sends to the remote server 1 an information frame containing the value V mt of this average speed, the identification parameter t n of the section concerned, and the corresponding time (date, time). On reception, the latter puts this information frame in its base of average speeds 11.
  • the various vehicles circulating on the various road sections will thus be able to automatically constitute the database of the average speeds 11 of all the sections of a road network.
  • the on-board system 3 can store this information frame in memory and communicate it to the remote server 1 only with a certain periodicity which can range from a few minutes to several days.
  • the cartographic database 9 is integrated into the server 1.
  • the on-board system 3 gets in touch with the server 1 and queries the cartographic database 9 thereof. so as to determine the section t n on which the vehicle is located as well as the location of the next section node t n through which the vehicle will pass. The rest of the process then takes place as described above.
  • the cartographic database 9 can be found both in the server 1 and in the on-board system 3.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous in that it makes it possible to carry out a fully automatic reading of the average speeds V mt of the vehicles traversing the various sections of a road network and to constitute a database thereof which can be used for various applications in the field of road traffic management.
  • the processor 13 of the remote server 1 is able to construct, for each of the road sections t n , a curve, of the type shown on the figures 8a and 8b , on which we plotted on the abscissa the average speed V mt of the vehicles having crossed this road section t n during a given period and on the ordinate the number of vehicles corresponding to these speeds.
  • the processor 13 of the remote server 1 determines, for the sections that it wishes to check, the maximum value V Mt of the average speeds V mt of all the vehicles having crossed this section during the given period and which corresponds to the speed at which the maximum number of vehicles traveled on this section. This period can be reduced to a few minutes of observation if the object is to update a new speed limit on a road section at variable speed and the vehicle flow contributing to the measure is sufficient.
  • the system compares this maximum value V Mt with the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt recorded in the limit speed database 10 and, if the difference d is greater than a determined threshold value, for example 10%, it This concludes that the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt on this section t n appearing in this limit speed database 10 is incorrect.
  • a determined threshold value for example 10%
  • the processor considers that this value is correct and proceeds to the rest of the process as well as represented on the figure 6 . It checks if the section is the last it wants to check and, if not, it goes to the next one.
  • the processor 13 determines as previously the maximum value V Mt corresponding to the maximum number of vehicles for this speed value , i.e. 105 km / h, and then calculate the difference d.
  • the TAB table may consist of the speed limits in force on the road network, for example: 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, and 130 km / h.
  • the system will thus retain the value of 110 km / h as the modified value V L't of the speed limit authorized on this section.
  • the system then replaces in the limit speed base 10 the value of V Lt by V L't .
  • the processor 13 of the remote server 1 does the same for all or part of the other sections t n of the road network.
  • the on-board system 3 comprises, as shown in FIG. figure 7 , in addition to the aforementioned means, means for displaying visual messages using a screen 17 and / or sound messages via a loudspeaker 19, as in the case of a “smartphone” for example.
  • the remote server via its means of communication 15 and those 7 of the on-board system 3, to inform, in particular in real time, the user of the vehicle of the modification of a speed limit, for example following work. ad hoc or any other event that has led the management authorities of the road network to modify the speed limit of circulation V L on a road section for an indefinite period of time.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif ou système et un procédé destinés à la mise à jour de façon entièrement automatique d'une base de données des vitesses limites de circulation autorisées sur l'ensemble des tronçons d'un réseau routier. Elle concerne également la constitution automatique d'une base de données des vitesses moyennes de circulation de véhicules sur ces tronçons en vue de la mise en œuvre du procédé précédent.The present invention relates to a device or system and a method intended for the fully automatic updating of a database of authorized speed limits for all the sections of a road network. It also relates to the automatic constitution of a database of average vehicle speeds on these sections with a view to implementing the above method.

On sait en effet qu'à l'heure actuelle il est intéressant pour de nombreux systèmes de gestion de trafic routier d'être en mesure de disposer de bases de données des vitesses limites de circulation autorisées sur un réseau routier qui soient mises à jour de façon permanente.It is in fact known that at the present time it is advantageous for many road traffic management systems to be able to have databases of the speed limits authorized for circulation on a road network which are kept up to date. permanently.

Une telle mise à jour est actuellement effectuée par des sociétés de cartographie qui acquièrent les données au moyen de véhicules qui sont équipés de caméras et qui parcourent le réseau routier, tronçon par tronçon, afin d'enregistrer « in situ » les vitesses limites affichées sur les panneaux de circulation.Such an update is currently carried out by mapping companies which acquire the data by means of vehicles which are equipped with cameras and which traverse the road network, section by section, in order to record "in situ" the speed limits displayed on traffic signs.

Ces enregistrements sont ensuite visualisés et encodés dans les bases de données appropriées par des offices spécialisés. Il en résulte que ce type d'opération est d'un coût particulièrement élevé, si bien que, dans ces conditions, seuls les grands axes de circulation sont contrôlés et mis à jour de façon régulière, alors que les axes de circulation secondaires ne sont mis à jour que de façon irrégulière, ce qui génère un défaut de fiabilité de la base de données puisque celle-ci comporte certaines données dépassées et donc erronées.These records are then viewed and encoded in the appropriate databases by specialized offices. The result is that this type of operation is particularly expensive, so that, under these conditions, only the major traffic axes are checked and updated on a regular basis, while the secondary traffic axes are not. updated only irregularly, which generates a lack of reliability of the database since it contains certain outdated and therefore erroneous data.

Les documents EP 2596486 B1 et DE 102009045761 A1 décrivent procédés pour mettre à jour les limites de vitesse.The documents EP 2596486 B1 and DE 102009045761 A1 describe procedures for updating speed limits.

La présente invention se propose de remédier à cet inconvénient en proposant, un système permettant de réaliser, de façon entièrement automatique, la mise à jour d'une base de données des vitesses limites de circulation sur ces tronçons.The present invention proposes to remedy this drawback by proposing a system making it possible to produce, fully automatic updating of a database of speed limits for circulation on these sections.

La présente invention a ainsi pour objet un système de mise à jour d'une base de données des vitesses limites de circulation autorisées de véhicules sur au moins un tronçon concerné d'un réseau routier, comportant un serveur distant comprenant ladite base de données des vitesses limites, une base de données des vitesses moyennes, des moyens de communication avec un système embarqué sur chaque véhicule, ce système embarqué comprenant :

  • des moyens de localisation, notamment de type GPS,
  • des moyens de communication avec le serveur distant,
  • des moyens de mesure de la vitesse instantanée du véhicule,
  • des moyens de traitement des données,
le système embarqué et/ou le serveur distant comportant une base de données cartographique des tronçons routiers, caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant comporte des moyens aptes :
  • à calculer périodiquement, pour ledit tronçon concerné, la valeur maximale statistique des valeurs de vitesse moyenne de tous les véhicules ayant traversé ledit tronçon concerné pendant une période de temps déterminée, qui sont stockées dans la base de données des vitesses moyennes,
  • à déterminer l'écart entre cette valeur maximale statistique et la valeur enregistrée pour ce tronçon dans la base de données des vitesses limites,
  • si l'écart est supérieur à une valeur de seuil, à remplacer dans la susdite base de données des vitesses limites, la susdite valeur enregistrée pour ce tronçon par une nouvelle valeur fonction de la valeur maximale statistique.
The subject of the present invention is thus a system for updating a database of authorized speed limits for the circulation of vehicles on at least one concerned section of a road network, comprising a remote server comprising said database of speeds. limits, a database of average speeds, means of communication with an on-board system on each vehicle, this on-board system comprising:
  • location means, in particular of the GPS type,
  • means of communication with the remote server,
  • means for measuring the instantaneous speed of the vehicle,
  • means of data processing,
the on-board system and / or the remote server comprising a cartographic database of road sections, characterized in that the remote server comprises suitable means:
  • in periodically calculating, for said section concerned, the maximum statistical value of the average speed values of all the vehicles having passed through said section concerned during a determined period of time, which are stored in the database of average speeds,
  • determining the difference between this statistical maximum value and the value recorded for this section in the database of limit speeds,
  • if the difference is greater than a threshold value, to be replaced in the aforesaid limit speed database, the aforesaid value recorded for this section by a new value depending on the maximum statistical value.

La valeur de seuil est un pourcentage de la valeur de la vitesse limite enregistrée dans la base de données des vitesses limites.The threshold value is a percentage of the limit speed value stored in the limit speed database.

Suivant l'invention le serveur distant pourra comporter des moyens aptes à prendre comme nouvelle valeur, la valeur la plus proche de la valeur maximale statistique contenue dans une table des valeurs limites possibles.According to the invention, the remote server may include means capable of taking as a new value the value closest to the maximum statistical value contained in a table of possible limit values.

Par ailleurs les moyens de localisation d'un véhicule pourront être aptes à fournir le cap de celui-ci, et le sens de circulation du véhicule pourra se déduire de ce dernier.Furthermore, the means of locating a vehicle may be able to provide the heading of the latter, and the direction of movement of the vehicle may be deduced from the latter.

Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention le système embarqué pourra comporter une base de données des vitesses limites dont les données seront mises à jour en fonction de celles contenues dans la base de donnée des vitesses limites du serveur. Le système embarqué pourra comporter des moyens d'affichage de la vitesse limite sur le tronçon concerné provenant de sa base de données des vitesses limites.In one embodiment of the invention, the on-board system may include a database of limit speeds, the data of which will be updated as a function of those contained in the database of limit speeds of the server. The on-board system may include means for displaying the limit speed on the section concerned, coming from its limit speed database.

La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de mise à jour d'une base de données des vitesses limites de circulation de véhicules sur au moins un tronçon concerné d'un réseau routier, comportant un serveur distant comprenant ladite base de données des vitesses limites, une base de données des vitesses moyennes, des moyens de communication avec un système embarqué sur chaque véhicule, ce système embarqué comprenant :

  • des moyens de localisation, notamment de type GPS,
  • des moyens de communication avec le serveur distant,
  • des moyens de mesure de la vitesse instantanée du véhicule,
  • des moyens de traitement des données,
le système embarqué et/ou le serveur distant comportant une base de données cartographique des tronçons routiers, caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant :
  • calcule périodiquement pour ledit tronçon concerné la valeur maximale statistique des valeurs de vitesse moyenne de tous les véhicules ayant traversé ledit tronçon concerné pendant une période de temps déterminée et qui sont stockées dans la base de données des vitesses moyennes,
  • détermine l'écart entre cette valeur maximale statistique et la valeur enregistrée pour ce tronçon dans la base de données des vitesses limites,
  • si l'écart est supérieur à une valeur de seuil, remplace dans la susdite base de données des vitesses limites, la susdite valeur enregistrée pour ce tronçon par une nouvelle valeur fonction de ladite valeur maximale statistique, la valeur de seuil étant un pourcentage de la valeur de la vitesse limite enregistrée dans la base de données des vitesses limites.
The present invention also relates to a method for updating a database of speed limits for vehicle circulation on at least one concerned section of a road network, comprising a remote server comprising said database of speed limits. , a database of average speeds, means of communication with an on-board system on each vehicle, this on-board system comprising:
  • location means, in particular of the GPS type,
  • means of communication with the remote server,
  • means for measuring the instantaneous speed of the vehicle,
  • means of data processing,
the on-board system and / or the remote server comprising a cartographic database of road sections, characterized in that the remote server:
  • periodically calculates for said section concerned the maximum statistical value of the average speed values of all the vehicles which have passed through said section concerned during a determined period of time and which are stored in the database of average speeds,
  • determines the difference between this statistical maximum value and the value recorded for this section in the limit speed database,
  • if the difference is greater than a threshold value, replace in the aforesaid limit speed database, the aforesaid value recorded for this section by a new value depending on said maximum statistical value, the threshold value being a percentage of the limit speed value stored in the limit speed database.

Suivant l'invention on pourra prendre, en tant que nouvelle valeur de vitesse limite pour ce tronçon, la valeur la plus proche de la valeur maximale statistique contenue dans une table des valeurs limites possibles. Par ailleurs on pourra afficher dans le système embarqué la nouvelle valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée.According to the invention, the value closest to the maximum statistical value contained in a table of possible limit values may be taken as the new limit speed value for this section. In addition, the new value of the authorized limit speed can be displayed in the on-board system.

On sait par ailleurs qu'il est intéressant pour les gestionnaires de réseaux routiers de disposer d'une base de données dans laquelle seraient stockées les vitesses moyennes des véhicules circulant sur les différents tronçons de voie respectifs constituant un réseau routier. Une telle base de données est notamment intéressante pour constituer, suivant l'invention, une mise à jour des bases de données des vitesses limites de circulation autorisées sur les tronçons d'un réseau routier ainsi qu'exposé précédemment.We also know that it is advantageous for road network managers to have a database in which the average speeds of vehicles traveling on the various respective sections of track constituting a road network would be stored. Such a database is in particular advantageous for constituting, according to the invention, an update of the databases of the speed limits authorized for circulation on the sections of a road network as explained above.

La présente invention a ainsi également pour objet un système de mise à jour d'une base de données de vitesses limites de circulation ainsi qu'exposé précédemment caractérisé en ce que le système embarqué de chaque véhicule comporte des moyens aptes:

  • à déterminer, en fonction de ses moyens de localisation et de la base de données cartographique, le tronçon concerné sur lequel il est en circulation ainsi que chaque changement de tronçon,
  • à chaque changement de tronçon, à envoyer au serveur distant l'identification du tronçon précédemment parcouru et :
    • soit calculer la vitesse moyenne du véhicule sur ce dernier tronçon et communiquer celle-ci au serveur distant,
    • soit communiquer au serveur distant les instants d'entrée et de sortie du véhicule sur le dernier tronçon, le serveur distant étant dans ce cas pourvu de moyens aptes à calculer la vitesse moyenne du véhicule sur ce tronçon,
le serveur distant comportant des moyens aptes à mettre dans une base de données des vitesses moyennes, au moins l'identifiant du tronçon concerné ainsi que ladite valeur de vitesse moyenne sur ce tronçon, l'heure de passage du véhicule sur ce dernier ainsi que le sens de circulation sur celui-ci.A subject of the present invention is thus also a system for updating a database of speed limits for circulation as explained above, characterized in that the on-board system of each vehicle comprises suitable means:
  • to determine, according to its localization means and the cartographic database, the concerned section on which it is in circulation as well as each change of section,
  • at each change of section, to send to the remote server the identification of the section previously traveled and:
    • either calculate the average speed of the vehicle on this last section and communicate this to the remote server,
    • either communicate to the remote server the instants of entry and exit of the vehicle on the last section, the remote server being in this case provided with means capable of calculating the average speed of the vehicle on this section,
the remote server comprising means capable of putting in a database of average speeds, at least the identifier of the section concerned as well as the said average speed value on this section, the time of passage of the vehicle on the latter as well as the direction of movement on it.

Suivant l'invention la base de données cartographique pourra comprendre les données suivantes :

  • identifiant du tronçon routier,
  • localisation de chaque noeud de changement de tronçon.
According to the invention, the cartographic database may include the following data:
  • identifier of the road section,
  • location of each section change node.

Par ailleurs les moyens de localisation pourront être aptes à fournir la position, la vitesse instantanée et le cap du véhicule.Moreover, the locating means may be able to provide the position, the instantaneous speed and the heading of the vehicle.

Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention :

  • les moyens de localisation pourront être aptes à relever, à intervalles de temps déterminés, les vitesses instantanées successives du véhicule,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de stockage de ces vitesses instantanées,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de calcul de la moyenne desdites vitesses instantanées.
In one embodiment of the invention:
  • the location means may be able to record, at determined time intervals, the successive instantaneous speeds of the vehicle,
  • the on-board system may include means for storing these instantaneous speeds,
  • the on-board system may include means for calculating the average of said instantaneous speeds.

Dans un autre mode de mise en œuvre de l'invention :

  • les moyens de localisation pourront être aptes à relever, à intervalles de temps déterminés, les positions instantanées successives du véhicule,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de stockage de ces positions instantanées,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de calcul de la longueur du tronçon concerné égale à la somme des longueurs des segments séparant deux relevés successifs du tronçon concerné,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de calcul du temps de traversée du tronçon concerné égal au temps séparant le premier et le dernier relevé sur ce tronçon,
  • le système embarqué pourra comprendre des moyens de calcul de la vitesse moyenne du véhicule sur le tronçon concerné égal au rapport de la longueur du tronçon sur le temps de traversée de celui-ci.
In another embodiment of the invention:
  • the locating means may be able to record, at determined time intervals, the successive instantaneous positions of the vehicle,
  • the on-board system may include means for storing these instantaneous positions,
  • the on-board system may include means for calculating the length of the section concerned equal to the sum of the lengths of the segments separating two successive readings of the section concerned,
  • the on-board system may include means for calculating the time spent crossing the section concerned equal to the time between the first and the last reading on this section,
  • the on-board system may comprise means for calculating the average speed of the vehicle on the section concerned equal to the ratio of the length of the section to the time it takes to cross the latter.

La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de constitution d'une base de données des vitesses moyennes de circulation de véhicules sur au moins un tronçon concerné d'un réseau routier pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de mise à jour d'une base de données des vitesses limites ainsi qu'exposé précédemment, cette base de données des vitesses moyennes étant contenue dans un serveur distant comprenant des moyens de communication avec un système embarqué sur chaque véhicule, ce système embarqué comprenant :

  • des moyens de localisation, notamment de type GPS,
  • des moyens de communication avec le serveur distant,
  • des moyens de mesure de la vitesse instantanée du véhicule,
  • des moyens de traitement des données,
le système embarqué et/ou le serveur distant comportant une base de données cartographique des tronçons routiers, caractérisé en ce que le système embarqué du véhicule:
  • détermine, en fonction de ses moyens de localisation et de la base de données cartographique, le tronçon concerné sur lequel il est en circulation ainsi que chaque changement de tronçon,
  • détermine à chaque changement de tronçon, la vitesse moyenne du véhicule sur le tronçon précédemment parcouru et communique celle-ci au serveur distant ainsi que l'identifiant dudit tronçon et le sens de circulation du véhicule sur celui-ci,
et le serveur distant, à réception de cette communication, met dans la base de données des vitesses moyennes, l'identifiant du tronçon concerné, ladite valeur de vitesse moyenne sur ce tronçon, l'heure de passage sur ledit tronçon ainsi que le sens de circulation sur celui-ci.The present invention also relates to a method of constituting a database of average vehicle speeds on at least one concerned section of a road network for the implementation of a method for updating the vehicle. a database of limit speeds as explained above, this database of average speeds being contained in a remote server comprising means of communication with an on-board system on each vehicle, this on-board system comprising:
  • location means, in particular of the GPS type,
  • means of communication with the remote server,
  • means for measuring the instantaneous speed of the vehicle,
  • means of data processing,
the on-board system and / or the remote server comprising a cartographic database of road sections, characterized in that the on-board system of the vehicle:
  • determines, according to its location means and the cartographic database, the concerned section on which it is in circulation as well as each change of section,
  • determines at each change of section, the average speed of the vehicle on the section previously traveled and communicates this to the remote server as well as the identifier of said section and the direction of movement of the vehicle on it,
and the remote server, on receipt of this communication, puts in the database of average speeds, the identifier of the section concerned, said average speed value on this section, the time of passage on said section as well as the direction of circulation on this one.

Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention pour calculer la vitesse moyenne du véhicule, le système embarqué:

  • relèvera, à intervalle de temps déterminé, les positions instantanées successives du véhicule,
  • stockera en mémoire ces positions instantanées,
  • calculera la longueur du tronçon concerné égale à la somme des longueurs des segments séparant deux relevés de position successifs du tronçon concerné,
  • calculera le temps de traversée du tronçon concerné égal au temps séparant le premier et le dernier relevé sur ce tronçon,
  • calculera le rapport de la longueur du tronçon sur le temps de traversée de celui-ci.
In one embodiment of the invention for calculating the average speed of the vehicle, the on-board system:
  • will read, at determined time intervals, the successive instantaneous positions of the vehicle,
  • will store these instantaneous positions in memory,
  • calculate the length of the section concerned equal to the sum of the lengths of the segments separating two successive position records of the section concerned,
  • calculate the crossing time of the section concerned equal to the time between the first and the last reading on this section,
  • will calculate the ratio of the length of the section to the crossing time of the section.

Dans un autre mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, pour calculer la vitesse moyenne du véhicule, le système embarqué:

  • relèvera, à intervalle de temps déterminé, les vitesses instantanées successives du véhicule,
  • stockera en mémoire ces vitesses instantanées,
  • fera la moyenne de ces dernières.
In another embodiment of the invention, to calculate the average speed of the vehicle, the on-board system:
  • will record, at determined time intervals, the successive instantaneous speeds of the vehicle,
  • will store these instantaneous speeds in memory,
  • will take the average of these.

On décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de la présente invention, en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est un histogramme des vitesses moyennes d'un ensemble de véhicules ayant traversé un même tronçon routier, pour lequel la vitesse limite affichée sur celui-ci est égale à celle enregistrée dans la base de données,
  • la figure 2 est un histogramme des vitesses moyennes d'un ensemble de véhicules ayant traversé un même tronçon routier pour lequel la vitesse limite affichée sur celui-ci est inférieure à celle enregistrée dans la base de données,
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique d'un système permettant de constituer, dans un premier temps, une base de données des vitesses moyennes de véhicules circulant sur des tronçons routiers et, dans un second temps, une mise à jour de la base de données des vitesses limites sur ces tronçons,
  • la figure 4a est une vue schématique d'un tronçon routier s'étendant entre deux nœuds de tronçon,
  • la figure 4b est une vue schématique de ce tronçon routier montrant les positions des différents relevés effectués sur celui-ci par le système suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est un ordinogramme représentant les différentes étapes mises en œuvre suivant l'invention pour constituer une base de données des vitesses moyennes de véhicules circulant sur des tronçons routiers,
  • la figure 6 est un ordinogramme représentant les différentes étapes mises en œuvre suivant l'invention pour réaliser une mise à jour d'une base de données des vitesses limites autorisées de véhicules circulant sur des tronçons routiers,
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique d'une variante de mise en œuvre du système représenté sur la figure 3,
  • les figures 8a et 8b sont des diagrammes montrant le nombre de véhicules ayant traversé un tronçon déterminé en fonction de la vitesse moyenne de parcours de ces véhicules sur ce tronçon, respectivement lorsque la valeur stockée dans la base de données des vitesses limites est correcte et lorsque cette valeur est supérieure à la valeur affichée sur les panneaux du tronçon routier concerné.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • the figure 1 is a histogram of the average speeds of a set of vehicles having crossed the same road section, for which the speed limit displayed on the latter is equal to that recorded in the database,
  • the figure 2 is a histogram of the average speeds of a set of vehicles having crossed the same road section for which the speed limit displayed on it is lower than that recorded in the database,
  • the figure 3 is a schematic view of a system making it possible to constitute, firstly, a database of the average speeds of vehicles traveling on road sections and, secondly, an update of the database of limit speeds on these sections,
  • the figure 4a is a schematic view of a road section extending between two section nodes,
  • the figure 4b is a schematic view of this road section showing the positions of the various readings carried out on it by the system according to the invention,
  • the figure 5 is a flowchart representing the different steps implemented according to the invention to create a database of the average speeds of vehicles traveling on road sections,
  • the figure 6 is a flowchart representing the various steps implemented according to the invention to update a database of authorized limit speeds of vehicles traveling on road sections,
  • the figure 7 is a schematic view of an alternative implementation of the system shown in Figure figure 3 ,
  • the figures 8a and 8b are diagrams showing the number of vehicles having crossed a determined section as a function of the average travel speed of these vehicles on this section, respectively when the value stored in the limit speed database is correct and when this value is greater than the value displayed on the signs for the road section concerned.

La présente invention part du constat, qu'à l'heure actuelle, de plus en plus de pays ont mis en place des moyens de contrôle automatisés des vitesses des véhicules, si bien que l'on peut admettre que, de façon statistique, la majorité des conducteurs respecte ces limitations de vitesse et que, dans la pratique, ils règlent leur vitesse légèrement en deçà de la valeur de la vitesse limite affichée sur les panneaux de signalisation.The present invention is based on the observation that, at present, more and more countries have implemented means of automated vehicle speed control, so that it can be assumed that, statistically, the The majority of drivers respect these speed limits and that, in practice, they set their speed slightly below the value of the speed limit displayed on road signs.

On a ainsi établi, à titre d'exemple, un histogramme montrant la distribution des vitesses de véhicules traversant un tronçon d'autoroute sur lequel la vitesse limite autorisée VLt est fixée à 110 km/h et qui est représenté sur la figure 1. Sur cet histogramme on a porté en abscisse les vitesses des véhicules et en ordonnée le nombre de véhicules roulant à ces vitesses. On constate ainsi, qu'il y a deux fois plus de véhicules qui roulent en deçà de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt, soit entre 100 et 110 km/h, que de véhicules qui roulent au-delà de cette vitesse limite, soit entre 110 et 120km/h.By way of example, a histogram has thus been established showing the distribution of the speeds of vehicles crossing a section of motorway on which the authorized speed limit V Lt is set at 110 km / h and which is represented on the diagram. figure 1 . On this histogram we plotted on the abscissa the speeds of the vehicles and on the ordinate the number of vehicles traveling at these speeds. It can thus be seen that there are twice as many vehicles traveling below the authorized speed limit V Lt , i.e. between 100 and 110 km / h, than vehicles traveling above this speed limit, i.e. between 110 and 120km / h.

Ainsi, bien entendu hors de phénomènes perturbateurs tels que, par exemple, des retenues causées par des bouchons ou toute autre cause de saturation du trafic, la vitesse respectée par les conducteurs correspond à la borne supérieure de l'intervalle de la distribution des vitesses moyennes des véhicules roulant sur un même tronçon routier.Thus, of course outside of disturbing phenomena such as, for example, holdbacks caused by traffic jams or any other cause of traffic saturation, the speed observed by the drivers corresponds to the upper limit of the interval of the distribution of average speeds. vehicles traveling on the same road section.

On a représenté par ailleurs sur la figure 2, un histogramme des vitesses obtenu sur un tronçon routier pour lequel la vitesse limite autorisée VLt est enregistrée dans la base de données à 130 km/h. On constate sur cet histogramme que le pic des vitesses des véhicules ne se situe plus, ainsi qu'il en était sur la figure 1, juste en deçà de la vitesse considérée comme vitesse limite VLt sur ce tronçon, à savoir 130 km/h, mais bien en amont de celle-ci, soit à une vitesse comprise entre 100 et 110 km/h. On admettra alors que, sur ce tronçon t, les automobilistes respectent statistiquement une limite de vitesse plus faible que celle indiquée sur les panneaux routiers et qui est de 110 km/h.Moreover, on the figure 2 , a speed histogram obtained on a road section for which the authorized speed limit V Lt is recorded in the database at 130 km / h. We can see on this histogram that the peak of vehicle speeds is no longer located, as it was on the figure 1 , just below the speed considered as limit speed V Lt on this section, namely 130 km / h, but well upstream of it, ie at a speed of between 100 and 110 km / h. It will then be admitted that, on this section t , motorists statistically respect a lower speed limit than that indicated on the road signs and which is 110 km / h.

Ainsi que représenté sur la figure 3, le système suivant l'invention fait essentiellement appel à un serveur distant 1 et aux véhicules automobiles des usagers qui sont équipés d'un système embarqué 3 qui comprend des moyens de géolocalisation 5, notamment de type GPS, ainsi que des moyens de communication 7 aptes à faire communiquer ces derniers avec le serveur distant, notamment par un réseau de type GPRS ou 3G. Il comporte en outre une « base cartographique » 9 qui contient la cartographie du réseau routier et qui permet aux véhicules équipés du système embarqué 3, en combinaison avec les coordonnées de positionnement fournies par les moyens de géolocalisation 5, de se situer sur une carte. Cet ensemble est géré par un microprocesseur 8. On sait par ailleurs que les différents axes du réseau routier sont divisés en tronçons t qui représentent chacun, ainsi que précisé précédemment, un intervalle pour lequel la valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt est la même. Ces différents tronçons sont répertoriés par un identificateur unique t1, t2,... tn.As shown on figure 3 , the system according to the invention essentially uses a remote server 1 and the motor vehicles of users who are equipped with an on-board system 3 which comprises geolocation means 5, in particular of the GPS type, as well as communication means 7 capable of making the latter communicate with the remote server, in particular by a GPRS or 3G type network. It further comprises a “cartographic base” 9 which contains the cartography of the road network and which allows vehicles equipped with the on-board system 3, in combination with the positioning coordinates provided by the geolocation means 5, to be located on a map. This assembly is managed by a microprocessor 8. It is also known that the various axes of the road network are divided into sections t which each represent, as specified above, an interval for which the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt is the same. These different sections are listed by a unique identifier t 1 , t 2 , ... t n .

Dans un mode de mise en œuvre de l'invention, schématisé sur la figure 4a, la base cartographique 9 comprend, pour chacun des tronçons t constituant le réseau routier, son identificateur t1, t2,... tn, , le sens de circulation et, pour chacun de ceux-ci, les coordonnées de géolocalisation, notamment en latitude et longitude, au minimum des deux extrémités Nn et Nn+1 de ces tronçons (dits ci-après nœuds de tronçons), et qui représentent chacun des points séparant deux tronçons dont la vitesse limite autorisée VLt est différente ou, autrement dit les points où cette vitesse limite change.In one embodiment of the invention, shown schematically on the figure 4a , the cartographic base 9 comprises, for each of the sections t constituting the road network, its identifier t 1 , t 2 , ... t n ,, the direction of movement and, for each of these, the geolocation coordinates, in particular in latitude and longitude, at least of the two ends N n and N n + 1 of these sections (hereinafter referred to as section nodes), and which each represent the points separating two sections for which the authorized speed limit V Lt is different or , in other words the points where this speed limit changes.

A titre d'exemple, on a représenté sur cette figure 4a un tronçon autoroutier t n qui commence à un noeud de tronçon Nn où la vitesse limite autorisée passe d'une valeur de 110 km/h à une valeur de 130 km/h et qui se termine au noeud de tronçon suivant Nn+1 où la vitesse repasse de 130 km/h à 110 km/h dans le cas d'un véhicule qui se déplace du noeud Nn vers le nœud Nn+1.By way of example, this figure 4a a motorway section t n which begins at a section node N n where the authorized speed limit changes from a value of 110 km / h to a value of 130 km / h and which ends at the next section node N n + 1 where the speed returns from 130 km / h to 110 km / h in the case of a vehicle moving from node N n to node N n + 1 .

Le serveur distant 1 comporte plusieurs bases de données, à savoir notamment une « base des vitesses limites» 10 qui contient la valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt de chaque tronçon du réseau routier, ainsi qu'une « base des vitesses moyennes» 11 destinée à recevoir les valeurs des vitesses moyennes Vmt par tronçon qui sont relevées au cours du processus suivant l'invention.The remote server 1 comprises several databases, namely in particular a “base of limit speeds” 10 which contains the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt of each section of the road network, as well as a “base of average speeds” 11. intended to receive the values of the average speeds V mt per section which are recorded during the process according to the invention.

Ainsi que représenté sur la figure 3, ces bases de données sont gérées par un processeur 13 qui assure également la gestion de moyens de communication à distance 15 destinés à assurer la communication du serveur 1 avec les véhicules des usagers équipés du système embarqué 3.As shown on figure 3 , these databases are managed by a processor 13 which also manages the remote communication means 15 intended to ensure the communication of the server 1 with the vehicles of the users equipped with the on-board system 3.

Suivant l'invention, et ainsi que représenté sur l'ordinogramme de la figure 5, le système de géolocalisation 5 du système embarqué 3 de chacun des véhicules en déplacement, et sous la gestion du microprocesseur 8, relève, de façon périodique, par exemple avec une périodicité p égale à une seconde, sa position et, par consultation de sa base de données cartographique 9, il détermine le tronçon routier concerné tn et le sens de déplacement du véhicule sur celui-ci. Suivant l'invention, le système embarqué 3 surveille tout changement de tronçon du véhicule.According to the invention, and as shown on the flowchart of the figure 5 , the geolocation system 5 of the on-board system 3 of each of the moving vehicles, and under the management of the microprocessor 8, records, periodically, for example with a periodicity p equal to one second, its position and, by consulting its cartographic database 9, it determines the road section concerned t n and the direction of movement of the vehicle on it. According to the invention, the on-board system 3 monitors any change of section of the vehicle.

Ainsi, à chaque relevé, le système embarqué 3 détecte tout changement de tronçon et, tant qu'il n'y a pas changement de tronçon, il met en mémoire dans le système embarqué une trame d'informations contenant le temps (jour, heure, minute, seconde) du relevé, la valeur de la vitesse instantanée Vit sur ce tronçon, ainsi que le sens de circulation du véhicule.Thus, at each reading, the on-board system 3 detects any change of section and, as long as there is no change of section, it stores in the on-board system an information frame containing the time (day, hour , minute, second) of the reading, the value of the instantaneous speed V it on this section, as well as the direction of movement of the vehicle.

Dès que le système embarqué 3 détecte un changement de tronçon, il calcule la vitesse moyenne Vmt du véhicule lors de la traversée du tronçon qu'il vient de quitter.As soon as the on-board system 3 detects a change of section, it calculates the average speed V mt of the vehicle when crossing the section that it has just left.

Pour ce faire le système embarqué pourra par exemple, dans un premier mode de calcul, faire la moyenne des diverses vitesses instantanées Vit qu'il aura recueillies en mémoire par les différents relevés qu'il aura effectués lors de sa traversée du tronçon.To do this, the on-board system may for example, in a first calculation mode, take the average of the various instantaneous speeds V it that it will have collected in memory by the various readings that it will have taken during its crossing of the section.

Dans un second mode de calcul, le système embarqué 3 pourra calculer la vitesse moyenne Vmt du véhicule en faisant le rapport de la longueur Lt du tronçon sur le temps Tt que le véhicule a mis à parcourir celui-ci, puisqu'il connaît d'une part le temps d'entrée du véhicule sur ce tronçon et le temps de sortie de celui-ci et qu'il est en mesure, d'autre part, de calculer la longueur du tronçon tn. Pour ce faire, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 4b, dans ce mode de mise en œuvre, le système notera à chaque relevé la position du véhicule, si bien qu'il sera ainsi en mesure de déterminer la longueur LSn de chacun des segments de tronçons S1, S2,... Sn séparant deux relevés successifs de périodicité p. La vitesse moyenne Vmt sera ainsi égale à la somme de la longueur de ces n segments de tronçons sur le temps de parcours (n x p) de ce tronçon soit : V mt = LS 1 + LS 2 + … + LS n n . p

Figure imgb0001
In a second method of calculation, the on-board system 3 will be able to calculate the average speed V mt of the vehicle by making the ratio of the length L t of the section over the time T t that the vehicle has taken to cover it, since knows on the one hand the time of entry of the vehicle on this section and the time of exit from the latter and that it is able, on the other hand, to calculate the length of the section t n . To do this, as shown in the figure 4b , in this mode of implementation, the system will note the position of the vehicle, so that it will thus be able to determine the length LS n of each of the segment segments S 1 , S 2 , ... S n separating two successive readings of periodicity p . The average speed V mt will thus be equal to the sum of the length of these n segments of sections over the travel time (nxp) of this section, i.e. V mt = LS 1 + LS 2 + ... + LS not not . p
Figure imgb0001

Le système embarqué 3 envoie alors au serveur distant 1 une trame d'informations contenant la valeur Vmt de cette vitesse moyenne, le paramètre d'identification tn du tronçon concerné, et le temps correspondant (date, heure). A réception, ce dernier met cette trame d'informations dans sa base des vitesses moyennes 11.The on-board system 3 then sends to the remote server 1 an information frame containing the value V mt of this average speed, the identification parameter t n of the section concerned, and the corresponding time (date, time). On reception, the latter puts this information frame in its base of average speeds 11.

Les différents véhicules circulant sur les différents tronçons routiers seront ainsi en mesure de constituer, de façon automatique, la base de données des vitesses moyennes 11 de la totalité des tronçons d'un réseau routier.The various vehicles circulating on the various road sections will thus be able to automatically constitute the database of the average speeds 11 of all the sections of a road network.

Dans une variante de mise en œuvre de la présente invention, le système embarqué 3 peut stocker cette trame d'informations en mémoire et ne la communiquer au serveur distant 1 qu'avec une certaine périodicité pouvant aller de quelques minutes à plusieurs jours.In a variant implementation of the present invention, the on-board system 3 can store this information frame in memory and communicate it to the remote server 1 only with a certain periodicity which can range from a few minutes to several days.

Dans une variante de mise en œuvre de la présente invention qui est représentée sur la figure 7, la base de données cartographique 9 est intégrée au serveur 1. Dans une telle configuration, après le relevé de sa position GPS, le système embarqué 3 se met en relation avec le serveur 1 et interroge la base de données cartographique 9 de celui-ci de façon à déterminer le tronçon tn sur lequel le véhicule se trouve ainsi que la localisation du prochain nœud de tronçon tn par lequel le véhicule passera. La suite du processus se déroule alors ainsi qu'exposé précédemment.In an alternative embodiment of the present invention which is shown in figure 7 , the cartographic database 9 is integrated into the server 1. In such a configuration, after the recording of its GPS position, the on-board system 3 gets in touch with the server 1 and queries the cartographic database 9 thereof. so as to determine the section t n on which the vehicle is located as well as the location of the next section node t n through which the vehicle will pass. The rest of the process then takes place as described above.

Dans une autre variante de mise en œuvre de l'invention la base de données cartographique 9 peut se trouver à la fois dans le serveur 1 et dans le système embarqué 3.In another alternative embodiment of the invention the cartographic database 9 can be found both in the server 1 and in the on-board system 3.

La présente invention est particulièrement intéressante en ce qu'elle permet de réaliser un relevé entièrement automatique des vitesses moyennes Vmt des véhicules parcourant les différents tronçons d'un réseau routier et de constituer une base de données de celles-ci qui est utilisable pour diverses applications dans le domaine de la gestion de la circulation routière.The present invention is particularly advantageous in that it makes it possible to carry out a fully automatic reading of the average speeds V mt of the vehicles traversing the various sections of a road network and to constitute a database thereof which can be used for various applications in the field of road traffic management.

Elle est ainsi particulièrement intéressante en ce qu'elle permet de réaliser une mise à jour de la base de données des vitesses limites de circulation sur tout ou partie de ce réseau routier et ce de façon automatique.It is thus particularly interesting in that it makes it possible to update the database of speed limits for circulation on all or part of this road network, and to do so automatically.

Ainsi, suivant l'invention, et ainsi que représenté sur l'ordinogramme de la figure 6, à partir de la base de données 11 des vitesses moyennes Vmt le processeur 13 du serveur distant 1 est en mesure de construire, pour chacun des tronçons routiers tn, une courbe, du type de celle représentée sur les figures 8a et 8b, sur lesquelles on a porté en abscisse la vitesse moyenne Vmt des véhicules ayant traversé ce tronçon routier tn pendant une période donnée et en ordonnée le nombre de véhicules correspondant à ces vitesses.Thus, according to the invention, and as shown on the flowchart of the figure 6 , from the database 11 of the average speeds V mt the processor 13 of the remote server 1 is able to construct, for each of the road sections t n , a curve, of the type shown on the figures 8a and 8b , on which we plotted on the abscissa the average speed V mt of the vehicles having crossed this road section t n during a given period and on the ordinate the number of vehicles corresponding to these speeds.

Périodiquement, avec une période notamment de l'ordre de un jour par exemple, si l'objet est de déterminer si une zone de travaux est en cours, le processeur 13 du serveur distant 1 détermine, pour les tronçons qu'il souhaite vérifier, la valeur maximale VMt des vitesses moyennes Vmt de tous les véhicules ayant traversé ce tronçon au cours de la période donnée et qui correspond à la vitesse à laquelle ont roulé le maximum de véhicules sur ce tronçon. Cette période peut-être réduite à quelques minutes d'observation si l'objet est de mettre à jour une nouvelle vitesse limite sur un tronçon routier à vitesse variable et que le flux de véhicule contribuant à la mesure est suffisant.Periodically, with a period in particular of the order of one day for example, if the object is to determine whether a work zone is in progress, the processor 13 of the remote server 1 determines, for the sections that it wishes to check, the maximum value V Mt of the average speeds V mt of all the vehicles having crossed this section during the given period and which corresponds to the speed at which the maximum number of vehicles traveled on this section. This period can be reduced to a few minutes of observation if the object is to update a new speed limit on a road section at variable speed and the vehicle flow contributing to the measure is sufficient.

Le système compare ensuite cette valeur maximale VMt avec la valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt enregistrée dans la base de données des vitesses limites 10 et, si la différence d est supérieure à une valeur de seuil déterminée, par exemple 10%, il en conclut que la valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt sur ce tronçon tn figurant dans cette base de données des vitesses limites 10 est erronée.The system then compares this maximum value V Mt with the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt recorded in the limit speed database 10 and, if the difference d is greater than a determined threshold value, for example 10%, it This concludes that the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt on this section t n appearing in this limit speed database 10 is incorrect.

Ainsi, lorsque cette courbe se présente ainsi que sur la figure 8a, où la valeur de la vitesse limite autorisée VLt enregistrée dans la base de données des vitesses limites 10 est égale à 110 km/h, le processeur 13 détermine la valeur maximale VMt de la courbe soit 105 km/h et calcule ensuite l'écart d. d = V Mt − V Lt = 5 km / h

Figure imgb0002
Thus, when this curve is presented as well as on the figure 8a , where the value of the authorized limit speed V Lt recorded in the limit speed database 10 is equal to 110 km / h, the processor 13 determines the maximum value V Mt of the curve, i.e. 105 km / h and then calculates l deviation d. d = V Mt - V Lt = 5 km / h
Figure imgb0002

Cet écart étant inférieur à la valeur de 10% (prise ici comme valeur de seuil) de la valeur VLt de la vitesse limite autorisée enregistrée sur ce tronçon, le processeur considère que cette valeur est correcte et passe à la suite du processus ainsi que représenté sur la figure 6. Il vérifie si le tronçon est le dernier qu'il souhaite vérifier et, si tel n'est pas le cas, il passe au suivant.This difference being less than the value of 10% (taken here as threshold value) of the value V Lt of the authorized limit speed recorded on this section, the processor considers that this value is correct and proceeds to the rest of the process as well as represented on the figure 6 . It checks if the section is the last it wants to check and, if not, it goes to the next one.

Par contre, si la courbe se présente ainsi que sur la figure 8b, où la valeur de la vitesse limite VLt enregistrée dans la base de données des vitesses limites 10 est égale à 130 km/h, le processeur 13 détermine comme précédemment la valeur maximale VMt correspondant au nombre maximal de véhicules pour cette valeur de vitesse, soit 105 km/h, et calcule ensuite l'écart d. d = V Mt − V Lt = 25 km / h

Figure imgb0003
On the other hand, if the curve is presented as well as on the figure 8b , where the value of the limit speed V Lt recorded in the limit speed database 10 is equal to 130 km / h, the processor 13 determines as previously the maximum value V Mt corresponding to the maximum number of vehicles for this speed value , i.e. 105 km / h, and then calculate the difference d. d = V Mt - V Lt = 25 km / h
Figure imgb0003

Cet écart étant supérieur à 10% de la valeur de la vitesse enregistrée sur ce tronçon, le processeur considère que la valeur enregistrée est incorrecte.This difference being greater than 10% of the value of the speed recorded on this section, the processor considers that the recorded value is incorrect.

Dans ces conditions il recherche alors dans un tableau des vitesses limites possibles TAB celle qui est la plus proche de la valeur VMt, et c'est cette valeur qu'il retiendra pour la valeur de vitesse limite modifiée VL't. Le tableau TAB pourra être constitué des vitesses limites en vigueur sur le réseau routier, par exemple : 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, et 130 km/h.Under these conditions he then searches in a table of the possible limit speeds TAB that which is closest to the value V Mt , and it is this value that it will retain for the modified limit speed value V L't . The TAB table may consist of the speed limits in force on the road network, for example: 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, and 130 km / h.

Dans l'exemple précédent le système retiendra ainsi comme valeur modifiée VL't de la vitesse limite autorisée sur ce tronçon la valeur de 110 km/h.In the previous example, the system will thus retain the value of 110 km / h as the modified value V L't of the speed limit authorized on this section.

Le système remplace alors dans la base des vitesses limites 10 la valeur de VLt par VL't.The system then replaces in the limit speed base 10 the value of V Lt by V L't .

Le processeur 13 du serveur distant 1 procède de même pour la totalité ou une partie des autres tronçons tn du réseau routier.The processor 13 of the remote server 1 does the same for all or part of the other sections t n of the road network.

Dans une variante de mise en œuvre de la présente invention, le système embarqué 3 comporte, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 7, outre les moyens précédemment mentionnés, des moyens d'affichage de messages visuels à l'aide d'un écran 17 et/ou de messages sonores par un haut-parleur 19, comme dans la cas d'un « smartphone » par exemple. Une telle configuration permet au serveur distant, via ses moyens de communication 15 et ceux 7 du système embarqué 3, d'informer notamment en temps réel, l'utilisateur du véhicule de la modification d'une vitesse limite, par exemple suite à des travaux ponctuels ou tout autre événement ayant conduit les instances de gestion du réseau routier à modifier la vitesse limite de circulation VL sur un tronçon routier pour une période de temps indéterminée.In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the on-board system 3 comprises, as shown in FIG. figure 7 , in addition to the aforementioned means, means for displaying visual messages using a screen 17 and / or sound messages via a loudspeaker 19, as in the case of a “smartphone” for example. Such a configuration allows the remote server, via its means of communication 15 and those 7 of the on-board system 3, to inform, in particular in real time, the user of the vehicle of the modification of a speed limit, for example following work. ad hoc or any other event that has led the management authorities of the road network to modify the speed limit of circulation V L on a road section for an indefinite period of time.

Claims (16)

  1. A system for updating a database (10) of travelling speed limits (VLT) allowed for vehicles on at least one concerned section (tn) of a road network, including a remote server (1) comprising said database of speed limits (10), a database of average speeds (11), means for communicating (15) with a system (3) onboard each vehicle, this onboard system (3) comprising:
    - localising means (5), especially of the GPS type,
    - means for communicating (7) with the remote server (1),
    - means (5) for measuring the instant speed (Vit) of the vehicle,
    - data processing means (8),
    the onboard system (3) and/or the remote server (1) including a map database (9) of road sections (t),
    characterised in that the remote server (1) includes means (13) able to:
    - periodically calculate, for said concerned section (tn), the maximum statistical value (VMt) of average speed values (Vmt) of all the vehicles having crossed said concerned section (tn) during a determined period of time, which are stored in the database of average speeds (11),
    - determine the deviation (d) between this maximum statistical value (VMt) and the value (VLt) recorded for this section in the database of speed limits (10),
    - if the deviation (d) is greater than a threshold value, replace in the aforesaid database of speed limits (10), the aforesaid recorded value (VLt) for this section with a new value (VL't) as a function of the maximum statistical value (VMt), the threshold value being a percentage of the value (VLt) of the speed limit recorded in the database of speed limits (10).
  2. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to claim 1, characterised in that the remote server (1) includes means able to take as a new value (VL't), the value closest to the maximum statistical value (VMt) contained in a table (TAB) of possible limit values.
  3. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the localising means (5) of a vehicle are able to provide the course thereof and in that the direction of travel is deduced from said course.
  4. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the onboard system (3) includes a database of speed limits data of which are updated as a function of those contained in the database of speed limits (10) of the server (1).
  5. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to claim 4, characterised in that the onboard system (3) includes means for displaying (17) the speed limit (VLt) on the concerned section (tn) coming from its database of speed limits (10).
  6. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the onboard system (3) of each vehicle includes means able to:
    - determine, as a function of its localising means (5) and the map database (9), the concerned section (tn) on which it is travelling as well as each section change,
    - at each section change, send to the remote server (1) the identification of the section previously travelled and:
    - either calculate the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle on this last section and communicate the same to the remote server (1),
    - or communicate to the remote server (1) the time instants of entry and exit of the vehicle in the last section, the remote server being in this case provided with means able to calculate the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle in this section,
    the remote server (1) including means able to put into the database of average speeds (11), at least the identifier (tn) of the concerned section as well of said average speed value (Vmt) on this section (tn), the time of passage of the vehicle in the latter as well as the direction of travel therein.
  7. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to claim 6, characterised in that the map database (9) comprises at least the following data:
    - identifier (tn) of the road section,
    - location of each section change node (Nn).
  8. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterised in that the localising means (5) are able to provide the position, instant speed (Vit) and course of the vehicle.
  9. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that
    - the localising means (5) are able to plot, at determined time intervals (p), successive instant speeds (Vit) of the vehicle,
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for storing these instant speeds (Vit),
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for calculating (8) the average (Vmt) of said instant speeds (Vit).
  10. The system for updating a database of travelling speed limits according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that:
    - the localising means (5) are able to read out, at determined time intervals (p), the successive instant positions of the vehicle,
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for storing these instant positions,
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for calculating (8) the length (Lt) of the concerned section (tn) equal to the sum of lengths (LSI, LS2, ..., LSn) of sections (Si, S2, ..., Sn) separating two successive readouts of the concerned section (tn),
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for calculating the time for crossing the concerned section (tn) equal to the time separating the first and the last readout on this section (tn),
    - the onboard system (3) comprises means for calculating (8) the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle on the concerned section (tn) equal to the ratio of the length of the section (Lt) to the time (Tt) for crossing the same.
  11. A method for updating a database of travelling speed limits (VLt) of vehicles of at least one concerned section (tn) of a road network, including a remote server (1) comprising said database of speed limits (10), a database of average speeds (11), means for communicating (15) with a system onboard (3) each vehicle, this onboard system comprising:
    - localising means (5), especially of the GPS type,
    - means for communicating (7) with the remote server (1),
    - means (5) for measuring the instant speed (Vit) of the vehicle,
    - data processing means (8),
    the onboard system (3) and/or the remote server (1) including a map database (9) of road sections (t),
    characterised in that the remote server (1):
    - periodically calculates, for said concerned section (tn), the maximum statistical value (VMt) of average speed values (Vmt) of all the vehicles having crossed said concerned section (tn) during a determined period of time and which are stored in the database of average speeds (11),
    - determines the deviation (d) between this maximum statistical value (VMt) and the recorded value (VLt) for this section in the database of speed limits (10),
    - if the deviation (d) is greater than a threshold value, replaces in the aforesaid database of speed limits (10), the aforesaid recorded value (VLt) for this section with a new value (VL't) as a function of the maximum statistical value (VMt), the threshold value being a percentage of the value (VLt) of the speed limit recorded in the database of speed limits (10).
  12. The method for updating a database of speed limits according to claim 11, characterised by taking, as a new speed limit value for this section, the value closest to the maximum statistical value (VMt) contained in a table (TAB) of possible limit values.
  13. The method for updating a database of speed limits according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterised by displaying in the onboard system the new value of the allowed speed limit.
  14. The method for updating a database of speed limits (10) according to one of claims 11 to 13, the database of average speeds (11) being contained in a remote server (1) comprising means for communicating with a system (3) onboard each vehicle, this onboard system (3) comprising:
    - localising means (5), especially of the GPS type,
    - means for communicating (7) with the remote server (1),
    - means (5) for measuring the instant speed (Vit) of the vehicle,
    - data processing means (8),
    the onboard system (3) and/or the remote server (1) including a map database (9) of road sections (t),
    characterised in that the onboard system (3) of the vehicle:
    - determines, as a function of its localising means (5) and map database (9), the concerned section (tn) on which it is travelling as well as each section change (t),
    - determines at each section change (t), the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle on the section previously travelled and communicates the same to the remote server (1) as well as the identifier (tn) of said section and the direction of travel of the vehicle on the same,
    and the remote server, upon receiving this communication, puts the identifier (tn) of the concerned section into the database of average speeds (11), said average speed value (Vmt) on this section, the time of passage on said section as well as the direction of travel therein.
  15. The method for updating a database of speed limits (10) according to claim 14, characterised in that, to calculate the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle, the onboard system (1):
    - reads out, at determined time intervals (p), the successive instant positions of the vehicle,
    - stores these instant positions into a memory,
    - calculates the length (Lt) of the concerned section (tn) equal to the sum of lengths (LS1, LS2, ... LSn) of the sections (Si, S2, ... Sn) separating two successive position readouts of the concerned section (tn),
    - calculates the amount of time (Tt) for crossing the concerned section (tn) equal to the amount of time separating the first and last readouts on this section (tn),
    - calculates the ratio of the length of the section (Lt) to the amount of time (Tt) for crossing the same.
  16. The method for updating a database of speed limits (10) according to claim 14, characterised in that, to calculate the average speed (Vmt) of the vehicle, the onboard system (1):
    - reads out, at determined time intervals (p), the successive instant speeds (Vit) of the vehicle,
    - stores these instant speeds (Vit) into a memory,
    - averages the latter.
EP14749936.2A 2013-08-07 2014-07-30 System and method for automatically updating a database of speed limits of traffic Active EP3031044B1 (en)

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SI201431749T SI3031044T1 (en) 2013-08-07 2014-07-30 System and method for automatically updating a database of speed limits of traffic
RS20210052A RS61324B1 (en) 2013-08-07 2014-07-30 System and method for automatically updating a database of speed limits of traffic
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FR1301897A FR3009640B1 (en) 2013-08-07 2013-08-07 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC UPDATING OF A DATABASE OF TRAFFIC SPEED LIMIT
PCT/FR2014/051971 WO2015019002A1 (en) 2013-08-07 2014-07-30 Device and method for automatically updating a database of driving speed limits

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