EP2815840A1 - Soldering of steels and component - Google Patents

Soldering of steels and component Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2815840A1
EP2815840A1 EP20130172278 EP13172278A EP2815840A1 EP 2815840 A1 EP2815840 A1 EP 2815840A1 EP 20130172278 EP20130172278 EP 20130172278 EP 13172278 A EP13172278 A EP 13172278A EP 2815840 A1 EP2815840 A1 EP 2815840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
steel components
soldering
steel
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20130172278
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Piegert
Ingo Reinkensmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP20130172278 priority Critical patent/EP2815840A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/061797 priority patent/WO2014202408A1/en
Publication of EP2815840A1 publication Critical patent/EP2815840A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233Sheets, foils
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

  • the invention relates to joining by means of high-temperature brazing of steels and a component.
  • soldering is an alternative, but the solder joint must have good mechanical properties for LCF stress or other stresses to be used in highly stressed areas.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a component according to claim 12.
  • the advantage of the invention lies in the easy to carry out soldering of steels with very good mechanical properties in the Fügeung for the component.
  • Steels which can be joined by means of the process according to the invention are not subject to any restriction, but in particular the process is suitable for low-alloyed ferritic steels or steels with molybdenum, in particular 16 mol.
  • the steel has vanadium (V), the proportion of which is distinct, in particular 3 times, above the detection limit.
  • the steel has chromium (Cr), the proportion of which is distinct, in particular 3 times, above the detection limit.
  • the steel copper (Cu) the proportion of which is significantly, in particular 3 times above the detection limit.
  • the invention relates to the joining of identical or the same steels.
  • solder material between the steels a nickel-based alloy is used.
  • the solder material preferably has a high chromium content (Cr), preferably from 18% by weight to 20% by weight and / or one high silicon content (Si) of at least 6 wt .-% to.
  • Cr chromium content
  • Si high silicon content
  • the chromium content (Cr) of the solder material is 19% by weight.
  • the carbon content (C) of the solder material may be at 0.1 wt% maximum or is 0.08 wt .-%.
  • An advantageous solder material has a silicon content (Si) of 7% by weight to 10% by weight.
  • the silicon content (Si) can be reduced, so that when the silicon content (Si) is 7.3% by weight, a boron content (B) of 1.5% by weight is used.
  • films or powders can be used to apply the solder material between the steel components.
  • the gaps between the steel components to be joined should be small, ⁇ 80 ⁇ m, in particular ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
  • An essential point of the joining process lies in the soldering temperature, which is preferably at temperatures> 1150 ° C, in particular greater than 1185 ° C and thus significantly above the usual soldering temperatures for steels.
  • the soldering temperature is preferably between 1150 ° C and 1215 ° C, in particular between 1180 ° C and 1210 ° C, especially at 1195 ° C.
  • the holding time at soldering temperature is at least 20 minutes, in particular at least 40 minutes, and thus significantly above the standard holding times for brazing for steels of about 10 minutes.
  • Further preferred value ranges for the holding time at the soldering temperature are between 20 min and 120 min, in particular between 40 min and 100 min, very particularly at 90 min.
  • a coating heat treatment may be downstream.
  • alitization is performed after soldering.
  • Solder seams between steels are produced with the described process methods. In the test, it has been found that the material test samples in the base material and not in the solder joint fail, so that the soldering for structural joints can be used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Durch die Verwendung von Nickel-basiertem Lot, sehr hohen Löttemperaturen und entsprechend langen Haltezeiten wird eine sehr gute strukturelle Verbindung zwischen Stählen erreicht.By using nickel-based solder, very high soldering temperatures and correspondingly long holding times, a very good structural connection between steels is achieved.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft das Fügen mittels Hochtemperaturlöten von Stählen und ein Bauteil.The invention relates to joining by means of high-temperature brazing of steels and a component.

Stähle werden meist über Schweißverfahren gefügt.Steels are usually joined via welding processes.

Löten stellt eine Alternative dar, jedoch muss die Lotverbindung gute mechanische Eigenschaften für eine LCF-Beanspruchung oder sonstige Belastungen aufweisen, um auch in hochbelasteten Bereichen zur Anwendung zu kommen.Soldering is an alternative, but the solder joint must have good mechanical properties for LCF stress or other stresses to be used in highly stressed areas.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung ein strukturelles Lötverfahren aufzuzeigen, dass oben genanntes Problem löst.It is therefore an object of the invention to show a structural soldering that solves the above problem.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein Bauteil gemäß Anspruch 12.The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a component according to claim 12.

In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen aufgelistet, die beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, um weitere Vorteile zu erzielen.In the dependent claims further advantageous measures are listed, which can be combined with each other in order to achieve further advantages.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt in der einfach durchzuführenden Lötung von Stählen mit sehr guten mechanischen Eigenschaften in der Fügung für das Bauteil.The advantage of the invention lies in the easy to carry out soldering of steels with very good mechanical properties in the Fügeung for the component.

Die Beschreibung stellt nur Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dar.The description is only exemplary embodiments of the invention.

Stähle, die mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gefügt werden können, sind keinerlei Beschränkung unterworfen, jedoch insbesondere eignet sich das Verfahren für niedriglegierte ferritische Stähle oder Stähle mit Molybdän, insbesondere 16Mo3.Steels which can be joined by means of the process according to the invention are not subject to any restriction, but in particular the process is suitable for low-alloyed ferritic steels or steels with molybdenum, in particular 16 mol.

Der Stahl 16Mo3 weist auf:

  • ein Kohlenstoffanteil (C) von 0,12Gew.-% - 0,2Gew.-%,
  • ein Siliziumanteil (Si) < 0,35Gew.-%,
  • ein Mangananteil (Mn) von 0,4Gew.-% - 0,9Gew.-%,
  • ein Phosphoranteil (P) von max. 0,025 sowie
  • einen maximalen Schwefelgehalt (S) von 0,01Gew.-%,
  • ein Chromanteil (Cr) liegt bei ≤ 0,3 Gew.-%,
  • ein Molybdängehalt (Mo) liegt zwischen 0,25 - 0,35 Gew.-%, ein Gehalt an Nickel (Ni) kann bis zu 0,3Gew.-% betragen und Vanadium (V) mit einem Anteil bis 0,02Gew.-%,
    wobei Werte für Kupfer (Cu) bis 0,3Gew.-%,
    für Stickstoff (N) bis 0,012Gew.-% und
    für Niob (Nb) bis 0,02Gew.-% zugelassen sind.
The 16Mo3 steel has:
  • a carbon content (C) of 0.12 wt% -0.2 wt%,
  • a silicon content (Si) <0.35 wt%,
  • a manganese content (Mn) of 0.4% by weight - 0.9% by weight,
  • a phosphorus content (P) of max. 0.025 as well
  • a maximum sulfur content (S) of 0.01% by weight,
  • a chromium content (Cr) is ≦ 0.3% by weight,
  • a molybdenum content (Mo) is between 0.25 and 0.35% by weight, a content of nickel (Ni) may be up to 0.3% by weight and vanadium (V) with a proportion of up to 0.02% by weight. %
    where values for copper (Cu) are up to 0.3% by weight,
    for nitrogen (N) to 0.012 wt .-% and
    for niobium (Nb) up to 0.02% by weight.

Vorzugsweise weist der Stahl Silizium (Si) auf, dessen Anteil deutlich, insbesondere 3mal über der Nachweisgrenze liegt.Preferably, the steel silicon (Si), the proportion of which is significantly, in particular 3 times above the detection limit.

Vorzugsweise weist der Stahl Nickel (Ni) auf, dessen Anteil deutlich, insbesondere 3mal über der Nachweisgrenze liegt.Preferably, the steel nickel (Ni), the proportion of which is distinct, in particular 3 times above the detection limit.

Vorzugsweise weist der Stahl Vanadium (V) auf, dessen Anteil deutlich, insbesondere 3mal über der Nachweisgrenze liegt.Preferably, the steel has vanadium (V), the proportion of which is distinct, in particular 3 times, above the detection limit.

Vorzugsweise weist der Stahl Chrom (Cr) auf, dessen Anteil deutlich, insbesondere 3mal über der Nachweisgrenze liegt.Preferably, the steel has chromium (Cr), the proportion of which is distinct, in particular 3 times, above the detection limit.

Vorzugsweise weist der Stahl Kupfer (Cu) auf, dessen Anteil deutlich, insbesondere 3mal über der Nachweisgrenze liegt.Preferably, the steel copper (Cu), the proportion of which is significantly, in particular 3 times above the detection limit.

Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf das Fügen von artgleichen oder denselben Stählen.In particular, the invention relates to the joining of identical or the same steels.

Als Lotmaterial zwischen den Stählen wird eine Nickelbasierte Legierung verwendet.As the solder material between the steels, a nickel-based alloy is used.

Das Lotmaterial weist vorzugsweise einen hohen Chromanteil (Cr), vorzugsweise von 18 Gew.-% -20 Gew.-% und/oder einen hohen Siliziumanteil (Si) von mindestens 6 Gew.-% auf.The solder material preferably has a high chromium content (Cr), preferably from 18% by weight to 20% by weight and / or one high silicon content (Si) of at least 6 wt .-% to.

Vorzugsweise liegt der Chromanteil (Cr) des Lotmaterials bei 19 Gew.-%.Preferably, the chromium content (Cr) of the solder material is 19% by weight.

Der Kohlenstoffanteil (C) des Lotmaterials kann bei 0,1 Gew.- % maximal liegen oder liegt bei 0,08 Gew.-%.The carbon content (C) of the solder material may be at 0.1 wt% maximum or is 0.08 wt .-%.

Ein vorteilhaftes Lotmaterial weist einen Siliziumanteil (Si) von 7 Gew.-% bis 10 Gew.-% auf.An advantageous solder material has a silicon content (Si) of 7% by weight to 10% by weight.

Durch die Zugabe von Bor (B) kann der Siliziumanteil (Si) reduziert werden, so dass bei einem Siliziumanteil (Si) von 7,3 Gew.-% ein Boranteil (B) von 1,5 Gew.-% verwendet wird.By adding boron (B), the silicon content (Si) can be reduced, so that when the silicon content (Si) is 7.3% by weight, a boron content (B) of 1.5% by weight is used.

Insbesondere können dabei Folien oder Pulver verwendet werden, um das Lotmaterial zwischen den Stahlkomponenten aufzutragen.In particular, films or powders can be used to apply the solder material between the steel components.

Die Spalte zwischen den zu fügenden Komponenten aus Stahl sollten klein sein, ≤ 80µm, insbesondere ≤ 50µm betragen.The gaps between the steel components to be joined should be small, ≤ 80 μm, in particular ≤ 50 μm.

Zur Oberflächenaktivierung werden vorzugsweise verschiedene Verfahren eingesetzt, insbesondere findet eine Bestrahlung mit SiC-Kugeln statt.For surface activation, various methods are preferably used; in particular, irradiation with SiC spheres takes place.

Ein wesentlicher Punkt des Fügeverfahrens liegt in der Löttemperatur, die vorzugsweise bei Temperaturen > 1150°C, insbesondere größer 1185°C liegt und damit deutlich oberhalb der gebräuchlichen Löttemperaturen für Stähle.An essential point of the joining process lies in the soldering temperature, which is preferably at temperatures> 1150 ° C, in particular greater than 1185 ° C and thus significantly above the usual soldering temperatures for steels.

Die Löttemperatur liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 1150°C und 1215°C,
insbesondere zwischen 1180°C und 1210°C,
ganz insbesondere bei 1195°C.
The soldering temperature is preferably between 1150 ° C and 1215 ° C,
in particular between 1180 ° C and 1210 ° C,
especially at 1195 ° C.

Die Haltezeit bei Löttemperatur liegt bei mindestens 20 Minuten, insbesondere mindestens 40 Minuten, und damit deutlich oberhalb der Standardhaltezeiten beim Löten für Stähle von etwa 10 Minuten.The holding time at soldering temperature is at least 20 minutes, in particular at least 40 minutes, and thus significantly above the standard holding times for brazing for steels of about 10 minutes.

Weitere bevorzugte Wertebereiche für die Haltezeit bei der Löttemperatur liegen zwischen 20min und 120 min, insbesondere zwischen 40min und 100min, ganz insbesondere bei 90min.Further preferred value ranges for the holding time at the soldering temperature are between 20 min and 120 min, in particular between 40 min and 100 min, very particularly at 90 min.

Ein beispielhafter Lötzyklus lautet:

  • Zum Löten werden die zu fügenden Komponenten auf 600°C mit einer Rate von 6,4K/min hochgeheizt und ggf. noch 10 Minuten gehalten,
  • darauf weiterhin folgt ein Hochheizen auf 1050°C mit einer Rate von 5K/min. und ebenfalls einer optionalen Haltezeit von 10 Minuten,
  • danach wird die maximale Löttemperatur, vorzugsweise von 1195°C vorzugsweise mit einer Rate von 4,1K/min. erreicht, gefolgt von einer Haltezeit von 90min,
  • danach erfolgt vorzugsweise direkt anschließend ein Abkühlprozess auf 723°C vorzugsweise mit einer Abkühlrate von 23,5K/min. und einer optionalen Haltezeit dort von 60 Minuten,
  • danach können die verbundenen Komponenten wieder erhitzt werden mit einer Rate von 14K/min. auf eine Temperatur von 933°C mit einer optionalen Haltezeit von 10 Minuten,
  • danach wird auf 50°C vorzugsweise durch erzwungene Abkühlung abgekühlt.
An exemplary soldering cycle is:
  • For soldering, the components to be joined are heated to 600 ° C. at a rate of 6.4 K / min and, if appropriate, kept for 10 minutes,
  • this is followed by a heating up to 1050 ° C at a rate of 5K / min. and also an optional hold time of 10 minutes,
  • thereafter, the maximum brazing temperature, preferably 1195 ° C, preferably at a rate of 4.1K / min. reached, followed by a hold time of 90min,
  • Thereafter, preferably followed directly by a cooling process to 723 ° C, preferably at a cooling rate of 23.5 K / min. and an optional hold time of 60 minutes,
  • after that, the connected components can be reheated at a rate of 14K / min. to a temperature of 933 ° C with an optional hold time of 10 minutes,
  • then it is cooled to 50 ° C, preferably by forced cooling.

Allgemein gilt:

  • Als weitere Schritte nach dem Löten folgt Normalisieren, gefolgt von Abschrecken, wobei das Normalisieren erfolgt, um die Kornvergröberung im Grundmaterial zu reversieren.
In general:
  • Further steps after brazing are followed by normalization followed by quenching, with normalization being done to reverse grain coarsening in the base material.

Somit werden gute zyklische mechanische Eigenschaften hergestellt, wenn dies gewünscht ist. Das Abhärten ist erforderlich, um eine gewisse Härtung zu erwirken.Thus, good cyclic mechanical properties are produced, if desired. The curing is required to obtain a certain degree of hardening.

Zusätzlich kann eine Beschichtungswärmebehandlung nachgelagert werden.In addition, a coating heat treatment may be downstream.

Vorzugsweise wird eine Alitierung nach der Lötung durchgeführt.Preferably, alitization is performed after soldering.

Mit den beschriebenen Prozessverfahren werden Lötnähte zwischen Stählen hergestellt. Im Test hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Materialprüfproben im Grundwerkstoff und nicht in der Lötnaht versagen, so dass das Löten für strukturelle Fügungen zur Anwendung kommen kann.Solder seams between steels are produced with the described process methods. In the test, it has been found that the material test samples in the base material and not in the solder joint fail, so that the soldering for structural joints can be used.

Claims (20)

Verfahren
zum Löten von Stählen
bei dem ein Nickelbasislot zwischen zwei Stahlkomponenten als Lotmaterial verwendet wird.
method
for brazing steels
in which a Nickelbasislot between two steel components is used as the solder material.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
bei dem das Lot als Folie oder als Pulver zwischen die zwei Stahlkomponenten aufgebracht wird.
Method according to claim 1,
in which the solder is applied as a foil or as a powder between the two steel components.
Verfahren nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei dem der Lötspalt zwischen den zwei Stahlkomponenten
≤ 80µm beträgt,
insbesondere ≤ 50µm beträgt.
Method according to one or both of claims 1 or 2, wherein the soldering gap between the two steel components
≤ 80μm,
in particular ≤ 50 microns.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3,
bei dem die Löttemperatur bei mindestens 1150°C, insbesondere bei mindestens 1160°C,
ganz insbesondere bei mindestens 1180°C,
liegt.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2 or 3,
in which the soldering temperature is at least 1150 ° C, in particular at least 1160 ° C,
especially at at least 1180 ° C,
lies.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3,
bei dem die Löttemperatur zwischen 1150°C und 1215°C, insbesondere zwischen 1180°C und 1210°C,
ganz insbesondere bei 1195°C
liegt.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2 or 3,
in which the soldering temperature between 1150 ° C and 1215 ° C, in particular between 1180 ° C and 1210 ° C,
especially at 1195 ° C
lies.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5,
bei dem die Haltezeit bei der Löttemperatur bei mindestens 20 Minuten,
insbesondere bei mindestens 40 Minuten,
ganz insbesondere bei mindestens 80 Minuten,
liegt.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,
in which the holding time at the soldering temperature is at least 20 minutes,
especially at least 40 minutes,
especially at least 80 minutes,
lies.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5,
bei dem die Haltezeit bei der Löttemperatur zwischen 20min und 120min,
insbesondere zwischen 40min und 100min,
ganz insbesondere 90min,
beträgt.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,
in which the holding time at the soldering temperature between 20min and 120min,
especially between 40min and 100min,
especially 90min,
is.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
bei dem ein Weichglühen nach dem Löten erfolgt, insbesondere bei 723°C für Stahlkomponenten aufweisend 16Mo3.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which annealing takes place after brazing, especially at 723 ° C for steel components comprising 16Mo3.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
bei dem ein Normalisieren nach dem Löten durchgeführt wird, insbesondere bei 933°C für Stahlkomponenten aufweisend 16Mo3.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which a normalization is carried out after brazing, in particular at 933 ° C for steel components having 16Mo3.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
bei dem ein Abschrecken nach dem Löten erfolgt.
Method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which a quenching takes place after the soldering.
Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der folgenden Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
bei dem nach dem Löten eine Beschichtungswärmebehandlung erfolgt.
Method according to one or more of the following claims 1 to 10,
in which after the brazing a coating heat treatment takes place.
Bauteil aus zwei Stahlkomponenten,
die durch ein Nickelbasislot zusammengefügt sind.
Component made of two steel components,
which are joined together by a Nickelbasislot.
Bauteil nach Anspruch 12,
bei dem die Nickelfügung zwischen den Stahlkomponenten eine Breite von ≤ 80µm aufweist.
Component according to claim 12,
in which the nickel bond between the steel components has a width of ≤ 80 μm.
Bauteil oder Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
bei dem der Stahl der Stahlkomponenten einen niedriglegierten ferritischen Stahl oder
einen Stahl mit Molybdän (Mo),
insbesondere 16Mo3,
darstellt.
Component or method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 13,
in which the steel of the steel components is a low alloy ferritic steel or
a steel with molybdenum (Mo),
especially 16Mo3,
represents.
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
bei dem eine Nickel-Chrom-Silizium-Legierung (Ni-Cr-Si) als Lotmaterial zwischen den Stahlkomponenten vorhanden ist.
Method or component according to one or more of claims 1 to 14,
wherein a nickel-chromium-silicon alloy (Ni-Cr-Si) is present as a solder material between the steel components.
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche,
bei dem der Chromanteil (Cr) des Lotmaterials 18Gew.% bis 20Gew.%,
insbesondere 19Gew.% beträgt.
Method or component according to one or more of the claims,
in which the chromium content (Cr) of the solder material is 18% by weight to 20% by weight,
in particular 19% by weight.
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche,
bei dem die Stahlkomponenten dasselbe oder das gleiche Material aufweisen.
Method or component according to one or more of the claims,
in which the steel components have the same or the same material.
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche,
bei dem das Nickelbasislot zumindest Silizium (Si) aufweist,
insbesondere mit 7Gew.% - 10 Gew.% Silizium (Si),
ganz insbesondere 10 Gew.% Silizium (Si) und
optional Bor (B) mit mindestens 1 Gew.%,
insbesondere mit 1,5 Gew.%,
ganz insbesondere mit 7.0 - 7.5 Gew.% Silizium (Si).
Method or component according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which the nickel-based solder has at least silicon (Si),
in particular with 7% by weight - 10% by weight of silicon (Si),
in particular 10% by weight of silicon (Si) and
optionally boron (B) with at least 1% by weight,
in particular with 1.5% by weight,
especially with 7.0 - 7.5 wt.% silicon (Si).
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche,
bei dem das Nickelbasislot zumindest Kohlenstoff (C) aufweist,
insbesondere mit mindestens 0.05Gew.% Kohlenstoff (C).
Method or component according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which the nickel-based solder has at least carbon (C),
in particular with at least 0.05% by weight of carbon (C).
Verfahren oder Bauteil nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
bei dem eine Alitierung nach der Lötung durchführt wird oder aufweist.
Method or component according to one or more of the preceding claims,
in which an alitization is performed after soldering or has.
EP20130172278 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Soldering of steels and component Withdrawn EP2815840A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130172278 EP2815840A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Soldering of steels and component
PCT/EP2014/061797 WO2014202408A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2014-06-06 Brazing of types of steel, and component

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130172278 EP2815840A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Soldering of steels and component

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2815840A1 true EP2815840A1 (en) 2014-12-24

Family

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2815840A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014202408A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108959A1 (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-23 Allied Corporation Nickel high-chromium base brazing filler metal for high temperature applications
DE19530871A1 (en) * 1995-08-22 1997-02-27 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Method for producing a soldered honeycomb body using sheet metal constructed in layers
EP0847826A1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1998-06-17 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Method of diffusion-welding metal materials
EP0879668A1 (en) * 1997-05-23 1998-11-25 Wall Colmonoy Limited Brazing method
JPH1147980A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-02-23 Kobe Steel Ltd Method for joining applying sprayed coating and joined body, and thermal spraying material used for said method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108959A1 (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-23 Allied Corporation Nickel high-chromium base brazing filler metal for high temperature applications
DE19530871A1 (en) * 1995-08-22 1997-02-27 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Method for producing a soldered honeycomb body using sheet metal constructed in layers
EP0847826A1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1998-06-17 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Method of diffusion-welding metal materials
EP0879668A1 (en) * 1997-05-23 1998-11-25 Wall Colmonoy Limited Brazing method
JPH1147980A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-02-23 Kobe Steel Ltd Method for joining applying sprayed coating and joined body, and thermal spraying material used for said method

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A. RABINKIN ET AL: "Brazing Stainless Steel Using a New MBF-Series of Ni-Cr-B-Si Amorphous Brazing Foils New brazing alloys withstand high-temperature and corrosive environments", WELDING RESEARCH SUPPLEMENT, 1 February 1998 (1998-02-01), pages 66 - 75, XP055088460, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://aws.org/w/a/wj/supplement/WJ_1998_02_s66.pdf> [retrieved on 20131114] *
THOMAS HARTMANN ET AL: "NEW AMORPHOUS BRAZING FOILS FOR EXHAUST GAS APPLICATION", ISBN: 978-0-87171-751-1, 1 January 2009 (2009-01-01), XP055028778 *

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