EP2718528B1 - System for supervising access to restricted area, and method for controlling such a system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a system for controlling access to a reserved area, of the type comprising at least one movable obstacle between an extended configuration, in which it extends across an inlet and / or outlet passage of the reserved zone, and a retracted configuration, in which it is clear of said passage, the system also comprising means for driving the obstacle between its deployed configuration and its retracted configuration, a device for measuring the position of the obstacle , and a driving module of the drive means.

Such access control systems are known. They generally control access to a pedestrian zone, a building interior, or a transit system, and the obstacle is usually a retractable bollard, barrier, or door.

EP 1990777 describes the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Access control systems must meet two conflicting requirements. On the one hand, they must constitute an effective barrier to the entry of fraudulent users inside the reserved area, but must at the same time ensure the safety of the users by avoiding that, after having retracted to release the passage for an authorized user, the obstacle does not hit the user by redeploying.

To meet this dual requirement, known access control systems generally include presence sensors adapted to detect the presence of a user in the passage and identify the position of the user in the passage. These sensors are most often adapted to identify fraudulent users who try to cross the passage abusively.

However, these systems are not entirely satisfactory. Indeed, despite the use of presence sensors, it happens that a user is not detected when he is in the passage and is therefore struck by the obstacle during its redeployment. It also happens that a fraudulent user arrives, by forcing on the obstacle, to arrange a sufficient space to cross the passage.

An object of the invention is therefore to provide an access control system adapted to enhance the security of users. Another objective is to propose an adapted access control system to fight against fraud more effectively.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an access control system of the aforementioned type, in which the control module is adapted to compare the measured position of the obstacle with at least one instant at a theoretical position of the obstacle at this moment, and to deduce a control law of the drive means.

• les moyens d'entraînement sont adaptés pour exercer un couple sur l'obstacle, et la loi de commande déduite est adaptée pour augmenter ledit couple lorsque la position mesurée diffère de la position théorique;
• la loi de commande déduite est adaptée pour immobiliser l'obstacle lorsque la position mesurée diffère de la position théorique;
• les moyens d'entraînement sont des moyens d'entraînement électriques et sont adaptés pour fonctionner à une tension inférieure à 42V ;
• les moyens d'entraînement sont adaptés pour exercer un couple sur l'obstacle, et le module de pilotage est adapté pour déduire une loi de commande destinée à stabiliser ou réduire ledit couple lorsque ce couple dépasse un couple seuil;
• la valeur du couple seuil est différente selon que la différence entre la position mesurée et la position théorique de l'obstacle est positive ou négative ;
• les moyens d'entraînement comprennent un moteur électrique synchrone ;
• le moteur électrique est un moteur sans balais ;
• le moteur est adapté pour être alimenté en courant de conduite du moteur et en courant de mise en vibration du moteur, le courant de mise en vibration étant adapté pour que le moteur produise un son de fréquence comprise entre 2kHz et 20kHz lorsqu'il est alimenté en courant de mise de vibration ;
• le dispositif de mesure est intégré aux moyens d'entraînement ; et
• le module de pilotage est intégré aux moyens d'entraînement.

According to preferred embodiments of the invention, the access control system comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or according to any combination (s) technically possible (s):

• the drive means are adapted to exert a torque on the obstacle, and the deduced control law is adapted to increase said torque when the measured position differs from the theoretical position;
• the deduced control law is adapted to immobilize the obstacle when the measured position differs from the theoretical position;
• the drive means are electrical drive means and are adapted to operate at a voltage below 42V;
• the drive means are adapted to exert a torque on the obstacle, and the driving module is adapted to derive a control law for stabilizing or reducing said torque when the torque exceeds a threshold torque;
• the value of the threshold torque is different depending on whether the difference between the measured position and the theoretical position of the obstacle is positive or negative;
• the drive means comprise a synchronous electric motor;
• the electric motor is a brushless motor;
• the motor is adapted to be supplied with motor driving current and motor vibration current, the vibration current being adapted so that the motor produces a frequency sound of between 2 kHz and 20 kHz when powered. in vibration setting current;
• the measuring device is integrated with the drive means; and
• the control module is integrated with the drive means.

• escamotage de l'obstacle,
• amorçage du déploiement de l'obstacle,
• mesure de la position de l'obstacle au cours de son déploiement,
• détection d'une différence entre la position mesurée de l'obstacle et la position théorique de l'obstacle, et
• action sur l'obstacle.

The invention also relates to a control method of an access control system as defined above, said method comprising the following successive steps:

• retraction of the obstacle,
• initiating the deployment of the obstacle,
• measuring the position of the obstacle during its deployment,
• detecting a difference between the measured position of the obstacle and the theoretical position of the obstacle, and
• action on the obstacle.

• l'action est une immobilisation de l'obstacle ;
• les moyens d'entraînement sont adaptés pour exercer un couple sur l'obstacle, et l'action est une augmentation dudit couple.

According to preferred embodiments of the invention, the control method comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or according to any combination (s) technically possible (s):

• the action is an immobilization of the obstacle;
• the drive means are adapted to exert a torque on the obstacle, and the action is an increase in said torque.

• la Figure 1 est une vue schématique, de dessus, d'un système de contrôle d'accès selon l'invention,
• la Figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un moteur intégré au système de contrôle d'accès de la Figure 1,
• la Figure 3 est un schéma d'un module de contrôle de l'alimentation électrique d'un moteur intégré au système de contrôle d'accès de la Figure 1,
• la Figure 4 est un diagramme en blocs illustrant un premier procédé mis en oeuvre par un module de pilotage du module de contrôle de la Figure 4, et
• la Figure 5 est un diagramme en blocs illustrant un deuxième procédé mis en oeuvre par le module de pilotage du module de contrôle de la Figure 4.

Other characteristics and advantages will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, from above, of an access control system according to the invention,
• the Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of an engine integrated into the access control system of the Figure 1 ,
• the Figure 3 is a diagram of a power control module of an engine integrated into the access control system of the Figure 1 ,
• the Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating a first method implemented by a control module of the control module of the Figure 4 , and
• the Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating a second method implemented by the control module of the control module of the Figure 4 .

The access control system 10, represented on the Figure 1 , is an access control gate to a reserved area. Said reserved area is typically a building or a network of public transport.

The access control system 10 comprises a frame 12 delimiting a passage 14, an obstacle 16, adapted to close the passage 14, and means 18 for driving the obstacle 16.

The frame 12 comprises a motor compartment 20 and, optionally, a wall 22. The engine compartment 20 defines an edge 24 of the passage 14. The wall 22 defines an edge 26 of the passage 14, opposite the edge 24.

The passage 14 constitutes a passage of entry and exit of the reserved area. It extends between the engine compartment 20 and the wall 22 of the frame 12. It defines a circulation axis C to enter and leave the reserved area.

The passage 14 opens through an outer end 27A outside the reserved area. It opens at its opposite end 27B, here called "inside end", inside the reserved area.

The obstacle 16 is movable between an expanded configuration, in which it extends across the passage 14, and a retracted configuration, in which it is clear of the passage 14. In the deployed configuration, the obstacle 16 obstructs the passage 14 and opposes the crossing of the passage 14 by a user. In the retracted configuration, the obstacle 16 releases the passage 14 and allows the crossing of the passage 14 by a user.

In the example shown, the obstacle 16 is formed by a door 28. The door 28 is pivotally mounted on the engine compartment 20 about a vertical axis Z perpendicular to the circulation axis C. In deployed configuration, the door 28 extends substantially perpendicular to the axis of circulation C. In the retracted configuration, the door 28 extends substantially parallel to the axis C, along the edge 24.

Alternatively, the frame 12 comprises a second engine compartment 20 to replace the wall 22. The obstacle 16 then comprises two doors 28, each door 28 being hinged about a vertical axis on a respective engine compartment 20. In the deployed configuration of the obstacle 16, each door 28 extends perpendicularly to the circulation axis C. In the retracted configuration of the obstacle 16, each door 28 extends along an edge 24, 26 of the passage 14.

The drive means 18 are adapted to drive the obstacle 16 between its deployed and retracted positions. For this purpose, the drive means 18 are adapted to pivot the door 28 around the vertical axis Z.

The drive means 18 comprise a motor 30 and a device 32 for coupling the motor 30 to the obstacle 16.

The motor 30 is an electric motor, preferably synchronous, typically a brushless electric motor. It is mounted in the engine compartment 20. It is represented on the Figure 2 .

With reference to the Figure 2 the motor 30 comprises a rotor 34 and a stator 36.

The stator 36 is integral with the frame 12. It defines a substantially cylindrical cavity 38 for receiving the rotor 34.

The rotor 34 is cylindrical and extends inside the cavity 38. It is rotatably mounted relative to the stator 36. For this purpose, ball bearings (not shown) are mounted between the rotor 34 and the stator 36 at the longitudinal ends of the rotor 34.

The rotor 34 is mechanically connected to the obstacle 16 so that it is rotatable about its axis in conjunction with the displacement of the obstacle 16.

The rotor 34 comprises at least one permanent magnet 40, preferably several permanent magnets 40, the or each permanent magnet 40 comprising a north magnetic pole 42 and a south magnetic pole 44. The permanent magnet 40 is made of a ferromagnetic material, typically in ferrite or Samarium Cobalt. In the example shown, the rotor 34 comprises a single permanent magnet 40.

The stator 36 also comprises a plurality of solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C distributed regularly around the periphery of the cavity 38. In the example shown, the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C are three in number and delimit between them sectors of substantially 2π / 3 radians in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extension of the In a more general way, when the stator 36 comprises a number n of solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C, these then delimit between them sectors of substantially 2π / n radians in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extension of the cavity 38.

Each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C is adapted to be traversed by an electric supply current of the motor 30, so as to induce a magnetic field inside the cavity 38. Each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C is adapted to behave as a north magnetic pole when traversed by the electric supply current I.

Thus, when a solenoid 46A is traversed by the feed current I, the magnetic field induced by said solenoid 46A exerts a force on the magnet 40. The magnet 40 then tends to align with the induced magnetic field. If the magnet 40 is not aligned with said magnetic field, a driving torque is exerted on the rotor 34, driving it in rotation. If the magnet 40 is aligned with the induced magnetic field, then a resistive torque is exerted on the rotor 34, opposing the rotation of the rotor 34 about its axis.

When the obstacle 16 is immobile, the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C are adapted to induce a fixed magnetic field in the cavity 38 applying a resistive torque on the rotor 34. This resisting torque opposes the rotation of the rotor 34 around its axis.

When the obstacle 16 is moving, the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C are adapted to induce a rotating magnetic field inside the cavity 38, so as to apply a driving torque on the rotor 34. To do this, the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C are energized in turn so that the magnet 40 is never aligned with the magnetic field induced by the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C.

The motor 30 furthermore comprises a housing 48 ( Figure 1 ) encompassing the rotor 34 and the stator 36. The housing 48 defines the outer surface of the motor 30.

The motor and resistance torques applied on the rotor 34 are transmitted to the obstacle 16 via the coupling device 32.

The coupling device 32 typically comprises a planetary gear (not shown) adapted to increase the torque exerted by the motor 30 on the obstacle 16.

Back to the Figure 1 the access control system 10 also comprises means 50 for controlling the drive means 18. These control means 50 comprise a power supply control module 52 for the motor 30, a system 54 for authorizing the power supply. circulation, a device 56 for detecting fraud, and a device 58 for measuring the position of the obstacle 16.

The circulation authorization system 54 is installed in the engine compartment 20. It comprises a central unit 80 and title readers 82.

Each reader 82 is adapted to communicate with a moving title of a user, typically a card. Each reader 82 is for example a contactless reader and is adapted to exchange data with the displacement title by means of a magnetic field, when the title is at a sufficient distance from the reader 82. The reader 82 is adapted to transfer the data. data exchanged at the Central Unit 80.

One of the readers 82 is disposed near the outer end 27A of the passage 14 and another reader 82 is disposed near the inner end 27B of the passage 14.

The central unit 80 is adapted to determine whether the user owning the travel document is authorized to use the passage 14. This determination is typically made by reading a contract number carried by the title and by checking the accreditations granted to the customer. this contract. Other variations are possible and, being known to those skilled in the art, they will not be described here.

The central unit 80 is adapted to control the retraction of the obstacle 16 when the user is authorized to borrow the passage 14. For this purpose, the central unit 80 is adapted to issue an authorization notification A ₀ of traffic to the control module 52.

The central unit 80 is also adapted not to control the retraction of the obstacle 16 when the user is not authorized to use the passage 14.

The fraud detection device 56 includes presence sensors 84A, 84B for detecting the presence of a user in the passage 14, and a computer 86.

A first presence sensor 84A is adapted to detect the presence of a user between the obstacle 16 and the outer end 27A of the passage 14. A second sensor 84B is adapted to detect the presence of a user between the obstacle 16 and the inner end 27B of the passage 14.

Each presence sensor 84A, 84B is adapted to issue a user detection notification to the computer 86 when the presence of a user in the passage 14 is detected by the sensor 84A, 84B.

The computer 86 is adapted to detect an attempted fraud from the user detection notifications communicated by the sensors 84A, 84B. The computer 86 is for example adapted to detect an attempted fraud when it receives a notification of user detection of one of the sensors 84A, 84B while no traffic authorization notification has been issued by the user. central unit 80, or when the sensors 84A, 84B detect the simultaneous presence of two users in the passage 14.

The computer 86 is also adapted to send a notification F ₀ fraud attempt detection to the control module 52 when it detects an attempted fraud.

The measuring device 58 comprises a sensor 88A ( Figure 2 ) of the angular position of the rotor 34 and a system 88B for deducing the position of the obstacle 16 from the angular position of the rotor 34.

The sensor 88A is integral with the stator 36 of the motor 30. It is adapted to measure the angle between the position of the rotor 34 about its axis at a time and a reference position of the rotor 34 about its axis.

The sensor 88A is typically adapted to measure the magnetic field prevailing inside the cavity 38 and to deduce the angular position of the rotor 34. The sensor 88A is typically a Hall effect sensor.

The calculation system 88B is adapted to deduce the measured position of the obstacle 16 from the angular position of the rotor 34 measured by the sensor 88A. Indeed, as the rotor 34 is rotatable about its axis jointly with the displacement of the obstacle 16, there is a bijective application linking the angular position of the rotor 34 to the position of the obstacle 16 in the passage 14. This application is implemented in the calculation system 88.

The measured position of the obstacle 16 is between -90 and + 90 °. The -90 ° and + 90 ° positions correspond to the retracted positions of the obstacle 16. In the + 90 ° position, the obstacle 16 extends along the edge 24 of the passage 14, towards the outer end 27A of the passage 14. In the -90 ° position, the obstacle 16 extends along the edge 24 of the passage 14, in the direction of the inner end 27B of the passage 14. The 0 ° position corresponds to the extended position of the obstacle 16.

The measuring device 58 is adapted to transmit the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 to the control module 52.

The control module 52 is electrically connected, on the one hand, to a power supply line 59 and, on the other hand, to the motor 30. The control module 52 is adapted to selectively connect each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C from the motor 30 to the power line 59. The control module 52 is thus adapted to control the power supply of each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C.

The supply line 59 is adapted to deliver a continuous driving current of the motor 30. Preferably, the DC current delivered has a voltage of less than 42 V, referred to as very low voltage.

With reference to the Figure 3 , the control module 52 comprises a plurality of power lines 60A, 60B, 60C for supplying the motor 30 with current. The number of electrical lines 60A, 60B, 60C is equal to the number of solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C.

Each line, respectively 60A, 60B, 60C, connects the power supply line 59 to one of the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C, respectively. Each line, respectively 60A, 60B, 60C, is equipped with a switch, respectively 62A, 62B, 62C. Each line 60A, 60B, 60C is also equipped with a device 63 for measuring the intensity of the current flowing in the line 60A, 60B, 60C.

Each switch 62A, 62B, 62C is adapted to selectively block the flow of an electric current within the corresponding line 60A, 60B, 60C, when it is switched into a so-called blocking configuration, or to allow the circulation of such an electric current when switched in a so-called pass-through configuration.

Depending on the switching frequency of each switch 62A, 62B, 62C, the average supply current received by the associated solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C varies. It is thus possible to vary the intensity of the magnetic field induced by each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C and hence to vary the torque exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16. It is also possible to to vary the orientation of the induced magnetic field inside the cavity 38, so as to generate a rotating magnetic field inside the cavity 38 to move the obstacle 16 between its deployed and retracted positions.

The control module 52 also includes a source 64 of alternating current. This source 64 is connected by a line 66 of electrical connection to each of the supply lines 60A, 60B, 60C. Line 66 is equipped with a switch 68, for selectively decoupling each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C from source 64 when switch 68 is in blocking configuration, or coupling each solenoid 46A, 46B, 46C to source 64 when the switch 68 is in the pass configuration.

The source 64 is adapted to generate an alternating current of vibration of the motor 30 such that, when injected into the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C, said current generates the production by the motor 30 of a sound frequency of between 2kHz and 20kHz.

The control module 52 further comprises a device 69 for evaluating the torque C exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16, based on the intensities measured by the devices 63. How to perform this type of evaluation is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here.

• les notifications de détection de tentative de fraude F₀ émises par le dispositif de détection 56,
• les notifications d'autorisation de circulation A₀ émises par le module d'autorisation de circulation 54,
• la position P_m de l'obstacle 16 mesurée par le dispositif de mesure 58 à un instant t-δt, précédant immédiatement l'instant t, et
• une position P_th théorique de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt, stockée dans une mémoire 72 du module de pilotage 70.

Finally, the control module 52 comprises a module 70 for controlling the drive means 18. This module 70 is adapted to derive at each instant t a control law LC of the drive means 18 from a plurality of parameters . These parameters include:

• the fraud detection attempts notifications F ₀ sent by the detection device 56,
• the traffic authorization notifications A ₀ issued by the authorization module 54,
• the position P _m of the obstacle 16 measured by the measuring device 58 at an instant t-δt, immediately preceding the instant t, and
• a theoretical position P _th of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt, stored in a memory 72 of the control module 70.

Alternatively, the control module 70 is adapted to derive the LC control law at least one instant.

The deduced control law LC comprises a torque setpoint applied by the drive means 18 to the obstacle 16 and a displacement speed setpoint of the obstacle 16. The control module 70 is adapted to control the switching of the switches. 62A, 62B, 62C according to the LC control law.

LC control law is typically a pulse width modulation control law (known by the acronym MLI).

The memory 72 also stores a predetermined default control law LC ₀ and a plurality of special predetermined control laws LC _S1 , LC _S2 , LC _S3 , LC _S4 .

The predetermined default control law LC ₀ is adapted so that, under the normal operating conditions of the access control system 10, the actual position of the obstacle 16 corresponds to the theoretical position P _th . By "normal operating condition", it is understood that, except for possible couples due to the friction of the obstacle 16 against the frame 12 or gravity, no other torque than that exerted by the drive means 18 is applied to the obstacle 16.

A first predetermined special control law LC _S1 is adapted to immobilize the obstacle 16 regardless of its position, without varying the value of the torque C exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16.

A second predetermined special control law LC _S2 is adapted to increase the torque C applied by the drive means 18 to the obstacle 16 beyond that provided by the predetermined default control law LC ₀ .

A third predetermined special control law LC _S3 is adapted to stabilize the torque C applied by the drive means 18 to the obstacle 16.

A fourth predetermined special control law LC _S4 is adapted to reduce the torque C applied by the drive means 18 to the obstacle 16.

With reference to Figures 4 and 5 , the control module 70 is also adapted to compare, at each instant t, the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at an instant t-δt immediately preceding the instant t, with the theoretical position P _th of the obstacle 16 at this instant t-δt, and to deduce the LC control law. Thus, when the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt corresponds to the theoretical position P _th of the obstacle at the instant t-δt, the module 70 is adapted to deduce the control law LC as being equal to the predetermined default control law LC ₀ . On the other hand, when the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt differs from the theoretical position P _th of the obstacle at the instant t-δt, the module 70 is adapted to deduce the law of LC control as being equal to one of the predetermined special control laws LC _S1 , LC _S2 , LC _S3 , LC _S4 .

• la position mesurée P_m de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt diffère de la position théorique P_th de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt, et que
• le module 70 ne reçoit pas de notification de détection de tentative de fraude F₀.

As visible on the Figure 4 the control module 70 is adapted to derive the control law LC as being equal to the first predetermined special control law LC _S1 when:

• the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt differs from the theoretical position P _th of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt, and that
• the module 70 does not receive a notification of fraud detection detection F ₀ .

• la position mesurée P_m de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt diffère de la position théorique P_th de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt, et que
• le module 70 reçoit une notification de détection de tentative de fraude F₀.

The control module 70 is adapted to deduce the control law LC as being equal to the second predetermined special control law LC _S2 when:

• the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt differs from the theoretical position P _th of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt, and that
• the module 70 receives a fraud detection detection notification F ₀ .

• le couple C exercé par les moyens d'entraînement 18 sur l'obstacle 16 dépasse un couple seuil C_max, et que
• le module 70 reçoit une notification de détection de tentative de fraude F₀.

As visible on the Figure 5 , the control module 70 is adapted to derive the control law LC as being equal to the third predetermined special control law LC _S3 when:

• the torque C exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16 exceeds a threshold torque C _max , and that
• the module 70 receives a fraud detection detection notification F ₀ .

• le couple C exercé par les moyens d'entraînement 18 sur l'obstacle 16 dépasse un couple seuil C_max, et que
• le module 70 ne reçoit pas de notification de détection de tentative de fraude F₀.

The control module 70 is adapted to derive the control law LC as being equal to the fourth predetermined special control law LC _S4 when:

• the torque C exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16 exceeds a threshold torque C _max , and that
• the module 70 does not receive a notification of fraud detection detection F ₀ .

Always facing the Figure 5 the control module 70 is also adapted to determine if the difference between the measured positions P _m and theoretical P _th of the obstacle 16 is positive or negative. Said difference is considered to be the angle formed between the theoretical position of the obstacle 16 and the measured position of the obstacle 16, from the theoretical position to the measured position. Thus, when the measured position P _m indicates that the obstacle 16 is closer to the outer end 27A of the passage 14 than it would be if it occupied its theoretical position P _th , the difference is positive. Similarly, when the measured position P _m indicates that the obstacle 16 is closer to the inner end 27B of the passage 14 than it would be if it occupied its theoretical position P _th , the difference is negative.

The control module 70 is adapted so that the value of the threshold torque C _max is different depending on whether the difference between the measured positions P _m and theoretical P _th of the obstacle 16 is positive or negative. In particular, the control module 70 is adapted so that the value of the threshold torque C _max is higher when the difference between the measured positions P _m and theoretical P _th is negative than when said difference is positive.

Thus, it is easier for a user to leave the reserved area by forcing on the obstacle 16 than to enter the said zone by forcing the obstacle 16. The access control system 10 thus constitutes an effective barrier against fraud, while facilitating the evacuation of users present within the reserved area in case of emergency, for example in case of fire.

• la position mesurée P_m de l'obstacle 16 à l'instant t-δt diffère de la position théorique de l'obstacle à l'instant t-δt, et que
• le module 70 reçoit une notification de détection de tentative de fraude F₀.

Back to the Figure 4 , the control module 70 is also adapted to switch the switch 68 into a passing configuration when:

• the measured position P _m of the obstacle 16 at the instant t-δt differs from the theoretical position of the obstacle at the instant t-δt, and that
• the module 70 receives a fraud detection detection notification F ₀ .

Thus, a fraudulent user who wants to cross the passage 14 by forcing the obstacle 16 would trigger an alarm.

It will be noted that the control module 52, the measuring device 58 and the computer 86 of the detection device 56 are preferably integrated in the motor 30. They are in particular housed inside the casing 48. Thus, the control system access 10 is easier to manufacture and the manufacturing costs of the access control system 10 are reduced.

A control method of the drive means 18, implemented by the control module 70, will now be described.

In the initial state, the obstacle 16 is in the deployed position. The control module 70 controls the switches 62A, 62B, 62C according to the predetermined default control law LC ₀ , so that the drive means 18 exert on the obstacle 16 a resistant torque C holding it stationary.

A user comes to an end 27A, 27B of the passage 14. He presents his card to a reader 82, and the central unit 80 determines whether the user is authorized to cross the passage 14.

The control module 70 then receives a traffic authorization notification A ₀ , issued by the module 54. In accordance with the predetermined default control law LC ₀ , it controls the retraction of the obstacle 16 and, after a delay predetermined, it controls the redeployment of the obstacle 16.

If the user has arrived at the outer end 27A of the passage 14, the module 70 controls the drive means 18 so as to retract the obstacle 16 towards the inner end 27B. If the user has arrived at the inner end 27B of the passage 14, the module 70 controls the drive means 18 so as to retract the obstacle 16 towards the outer end 27A

At the same time, the position P _m of the obstacle 16 is measured by means of the measuring device 58. This information is transmitted to the control module 70 which, at each instant, compares it with the theoretical position P _{th which} is supposed to occupy the obstacle 16 at the same time.

As soon as the control module 70 detects a difference between the measured position P _m and the theoretical position P _th , it modifies the control law LC of the drive means 18.

At the same time, the control module 70 determines the sign of the difference between the measured positions P _m and theoretical P _th of the obstacle 16. If this difference is positive, it sets a threshold torque C _max , exerted by the means 18 on the obstacle 16, equal to a first value C ₁ . If this difference is negative, it sets the threshold torque C _max equal to a second value C ₂ , greater than C ₁ .

If the detection device 56 does not send a fraud detection attempt notification F ₀ , the control module 70 deduces the control law LC as being equal to the first special control law LC _S1 . The control of the switches 62A, 62B, 62C is then modified so as to stop the rotation of the magnetic field within the cavity 38. The torque C applied by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16 is kept constant.

If the detection device 56 sends a fraud detection attempt notification F ₀ , the control module 70 deduces the control law LC as being equal to the second special control law LC _S2 . The switching frequency of the switches 62A, 62B, 62C is then increased. In addition, the control module 70 controls the switching of the switch 68 in the passing configuration. The alternating current generated by the source 64 is then injected into the solenoids 46A, 46B, 46C. Under the effect of this current, the motor 30 produces a sound with a frequency of between 2 kHz and 20 kHz.

If, however, the torque C exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16 exceeds the threshold torque C _max , then the control module 70 changes the control law LC again, so as to stabilize the torque C exerted by the drive means 18. Said torque C then no longer increases.

In the example described above, the access control system 10 has been described as comprising a fraud detection device. Alternatively, the access control system 10 does not include such a device, and the module 70 is then programmed to execute only one of the first and second special control laws LC _S1 , LC _S2 , and a single third and fourth special control laws LC _S3 , LC _S4 .

Thanks to the invention, the security of the access control system 10 is enhanced. The obstacle 16 is indeed less likely to violently hit a user. In addition, the evacuation of the reserved area in case of emergency is facilitated.

In addition, the access control system 10 makes it possible to combat fraud more effectively. Indeed, the increasing torque exerted by the drive means 18 on the obstacle 16 can effectively oppose the effort applied by a fraudulent user on the obstacle.

In addition, the fact of using a brushless synchronous electric motor makes it particularly easy to drive the drive means.

In addition, the supply current of the drive means 18 is a very low voltage current, which limits the electrical risks for maintenance workers.

Finally, the generation of a sound by the engine makes it possible to alert that an attempt of fraud is in progress.

Claims (14)

1. A system (10) for supervising access to a restricted area, including at least one obstacle (16) that is mobile between a deployed configuration, in which said obstacle extends across a passageway (14) for the entry and/or exit to/from said restricted area, and a stowed configuration, in which said obstacle is removed from said passageway (14), the system (10) also comprising:

   - means (18) for driving the obstacle (16) between the deployed configuration and the stowed configuration, adapted to exert torque (C) on the obstacle (16),

   - a device (58) for measuring the position of the obstacle (16),

   - a circulation authorization system (54), installed in a motor compartment (20) of the access supervision system (10), and comprising a central unit (80) and document readers (82), each document reader (82) being adapted to communicate with a travel document of a user, and the central unit (80) being adapted to determine whether the user owning the travel document is authorized to use the passageway (14), and

   - a module (70) for controlling the drive means (18),

   characterized in that the control module (70) is suitable for comparing the measured position (P_m) of the obstacle (16) at at least one moment in time (t-δt) with a theoretical position (P_th) of the obstacle (16) at said moment in time, and for deriving a rule (LC) for controlling the drive means (18), said control rule (LC) being designed to stabilize or reduce the torque (C) exerted by the drive means (18) when that torque (C) exceeds a threshold torque (C_max), the value of the threshold torque (C_max) being different depending on whether the difference between the measured position (P_m) and the theoretical position (P_th) of the obstacle (16) is positive or negative.
2. The access supervision system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the deduced control rule (LC) is adapted to increase the torque (C) exerted by the drive means (18) when the measured position (P_m) differs from the theoretical position (P_th).
3. The access supervision system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the deduced control rule (LC) is capable of immobilizing said obstacle (16) when the measured position (P_m) differs from the theoretical position (P_th).
4. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (18) are electric drive means and are capable of operating at a voltage lower than 42 V.
5. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a fraud detection device (56).
6. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor compartment (20) defines an edge (24) of the passageway (14).
7. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (18) comprise a synchronous electric motor (30).
8. The access supervision system (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the electric motor (30) is a brushless motor.
9. The access supervision system (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the motor (30) is adapted to be supplied with driving current for the motor (30) and vibrating current for the motor (30), the vibrating current being capable of causing the motor (30) to produce a frequency sound comprised between 2 kHz and 20 kHz when it is supplied with vibration current.
10. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring device (58) is integrated into the drive means (18).
11. The access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control module (70) is integrated into the drive means (18).
12. A method for controlling the access supervision system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, said method comprising the following successive steps:

    - stowing the obstacle (16),

    - beginning deployment of the obstacle (16),

    - measuring the position of the obstacle (16) during deployment thereof,

    - detecting a difference between the measured position (P_m) of the obstacle (16) and the theoretical position (P_th) of the obstacle (16), and

    - acting on the obstacle (16).
13. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that the action is an immobilization of the obstacle (16).
14. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive means (18) are adapted to exert a torque (C) on the obstacle (16), and the action is an increase in said torque (C).

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