EP2198128A1 - Method for producing a blisk or a bling, component produced therewith and turbine blade - Google Patents
Method for producing a blisk or a bling, component produced therewith and turbine bladeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2198128A1 EP2198128A1 EP08839201A EP08839201A EP2198128A1 EP 2198128 A1 EP2198128 A1 EP 2198128A1 EP 08839201 A EP08839201 A EP 08839201A EP 08839201 A EP08839201 A EP 08839201A EP 2198128 A1 EP2198128 A1 EP 2198128A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- blade
- rotor
- turbine
- turbine blades
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
- F01D5/3061—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers by welding, brazing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/006—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/34—Rotor-blade aggregates of unitary construction, e.g. formed of sheet laminae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a blisk ("bladed disk”) or a bling ("bladed ring") of a gas turbine.
- the invention further relates to a component produced by means of the method and to a turbine blade consisting of an airfoil and a blade root.
- Bladed (Bladed Disk) and Bling (Bladed Ring) designate rotor designs where blades are made integral with a load bearing disk or bearing ring
- the advantage of these rotor designs is that the disks or ring shape are designed for low edge loads
- compacting blisks made of titanium or nickel-based alloys are produced, in particular by milling, and occasionally by linear friction welding or electrochemical ablation
- the disc and blade materials must be different from each other in order to meet the mechanical and thermal requirements.
- turbine blades produced by casting have a polycrystalline, directionally solidified or monocrystalline structure and are alsgrun d of the very high ⁇ 'content in the material is not suitable for fusion welding.
- Turbine discs are often made from materials that are suitable for molten-ash, such as Inconel 718.
- molten-ash such as Inconel 718.
- turbine blisks can only be realized by means of joint technology. It should be noted, however, that joining methods, such as linear friction welding due to the required compression forces are not or are poorly suited to produce such turbine blisks. The same applies to bling. Due to the mentioned limitations, the known production methods are only limited usable. In addition, the known methods sometimes very complex and go with a corresponding high cost.
- a method for producing a bladed disk or a bladed ring of a gas turbine comprises the following steps: a) producing at least one turbine blade by joining an airfoil to an adapter element consisting of a weldable metallic material, wherein the adapter element serves to form a blade root of the turbine blade; and b) connecting the turbine blade or a plurality of turbine blades to a rotor disk made of a fusion-weldable metallic material or a rotor ring made of a fusion-weldable metallic material, such as the turbine blade (s) on the outer circumference of the rotor disk or the rotor ring are arranged.
- step b) a production of an annular blade ring from a plurality of turbine blades produced by the process step a), wherein in step b) then connecting the annular blade ring with the existing of a melt-weld metal material rotor disk or the rotor ring made of a fusion weldable metallic material is performed, such that the blade ring is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor disk or the rotor ring.
- the formation of the blade ring is advantageously carried out by a segment-wise joining of the formed as a blade feet adapter of the individual turbine blades.
- the adapters are made of a melt-weldable metallic material, a fusion welding process, in particular an electron beam welding process, can be used for this purpose.
- a fusion welding process in particular an electron beam welding process
- the connection of the turbine blades or the annular blade ring with the rotor disk or the rotor ring which also consist of a melt-weldable metallic material.
- the same joining process namely a fusion welding process, in particular an electron beam fusion welding process can be used.
- the material of the adapter element of the material of Rotor disc and the rotor ring correspond.
- the material is a wrought alloy or forging material component, in particular a high-temperature resistant nickel alloy.
- the material of the blades consists of a cast alloy, in particular a high temperature resistant nickel alloy.
- the positioning of the blade ring on the rotor disk and the rotor ring by means of shrinking takes place.
- the blade ring, the rotor disk and the rotor ring have the necessary radii.
- the shrinkage ensures an intimate connection between the individual elements of the blisk or the bling.
- the removal of the intermediate regions of the turbine blades or of the blade ring and / or the rotor disk or the rotor ring takes place, for example, by means of an electrochemical removal method and / or an electroerosive removal method (spark erosion). But other methods such as drilling or milling methods can be used.
- a component of a gas turbine according to the invention in particular a blisk ("bladed disk”) or a bling ("bladed ring”) consists of separately produced turbine blades or a ring made of a plurality of separately produced turbine blades.
- a rotor blade formed therefrom or made of a metallic material suitable for fusion welding the turbine blades or the blade ring being arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor disk or of the rotor ring, and the turbine blades each being composed of a rotor blade Airfoil and an attached thereto, made of a fusion weldable metallic material consisting adapter element, wherein the adapter element is designed to form a blade root of the turbine blade.
- the inventive design of the component in particular the design of the turbine blades, it is possible to manufacture the component relatively inexpensively and inexpensively.
- the number of different joining methods can be significantly reduced in comparison with previously known production methods.
- Due to the design of the blade root or the adapter element made of a weldable suitable metallic material these can be joined to the blade ring consisting of a plurality of turbine blades by means of a fusion welding process, in particular an electron beam fusion welding process.
- the same joining methods can be used for the connection of the individual turbine blades or the blade ring with the corresponding rotor disk or the corresponding rotor ring, since these e- b consult each consist of a weldable suitable metallic material.
- the material of the adapter element may correspond to the material of the rotor disk or the rotor ring.
- the material may be a wrought alloy, in particular a high-temperature resistant nickel alloy.
- the connection of the airfoil to the adapter element usually takes place by means of a pressure welding process, an inductive low-frequency or high-frequency compression welding process, a linear friction welding process or a diffusion welding process, since the material of the airfoil is usually non-fusion-weldable and can consist of a casting alloy, in particular a high-temperature-resistant nickel alloy ,
- this has at least one shroud for shielding the rotor disk or the rotor ring.
- the cover Band serves in particular for shielding the hot gas in the gas turbine.
- the component may have an outer shroud.
- the components according to the invention are produced by one of the methods described above.
- a turbine blade according to the invention of a gas turbine consists of an airfoil and a blade root, wherein the airfoil consists of a non-meltable metallic material and the blade root of a weldable suitable metallic material.
- the airfoil consists of a non-meltable metallic material and the blade root of a weldable suitable metallic material.
- the blade root is designed in particular as a separate adapter element, such that a plurality of interconnected adapter elements form a ring of a turbine blade ring.
- the airfoil consists of a cast alloy and the adapter element of a wrought alloy.
- the wrought alloy and / or the casting alloy may be a high-temperature-resistant nickel alloy.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a turbine blade according to the invention as part of a component according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a blade ring according to the invention joined
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an inventive joined component according to a first embodiment
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of an inventive joined component according to a second embodiment
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an inventive joined component according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a turbine blade 10 as part of a gas turbine, in particular as part of a blisk or a bling. It can be seen that the turbine blade 10 has a two-part construction.
- An airfoil 12 consisting of a non-melt-weldable material is connected to an adapter element 16 via a first weld seam 18.
- the adapter element 16 forms a blade root of the turbine blade 10.
- the joining of the blade 12 to the adapter element 16 takes place either by a pressure welding process, in particular a linear friction welding or an inductive high frequency pressure welding or by a diffusion welding process.
- the blade 12 is made of a cast alloy, in particular a high temperature resistant nickel alloy.
- the adapter element 16 is also made of a high temperature resistant nickel alloy, but the alloy is designed as a wrought alloy.
- the turbine blade has elements of an inner shroud 14.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a turbine blade ring 28 joined from the turbine blades 10 shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen that a multiplicity of adapter elements 16 connected to one another form a ring of the turbine blade ring 28. The individual adapter elements 16 are joined together via corresponding second weld seams 20. The joining can take place by means of a fusion welding process, in particular an electron beam fusion welding process. It can be seen that the second welds extend in the radial direction, wherein in each case the side surfaces of the adapter elements 16 are joined. Since low-pressure turbine blades generally have outer and inner shrouds 14, the electron beam welding must be performed from the inside to the outside.
- the angle of the electron beam with respect to the axis of rotation is less than 90 °
- the effective welding depth is given by t / sin ⁇ , where t is the height of the adapter element 16 and ⁇ is the angle between the axis of rotation and the electron beam.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a joined component 30, namely a blisk, consisting of a rotor disk 22 and the turbine ring 28 joined to the outer circumference 26 of the rotor disk 22.
- the positioning of the blade ring 28 on the rotor disk 22 preferably takes place by means of shrinking.
- the connection of the annular blade ring 28 with the rotor disk 22 is again effected by means of a joining process, namely a fusion welding process such as an electron beam welding process.
- the forming third weld 24 is either axial or slightly conical. In the first case (see FIG. 3), the electron beam source is stationarily positioned above a point of the seam 24 to be joined.
- FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the component 30.
- the adapter elements 16, which serve as blade roots of the turbine blades 10, are configured such that no further post-processing is necessary.
- FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the component 30.
- the component 30 according to the second embodiment is also a blisk.
- FIG. 3 shows that after the annular blade ring 28 has been connected to the rotor disk 22, those regions of the blade ring 28 which lie between the individual turbine blades 10 have been partially removed such that only one respective foot portion 32 of the rotor blade 28 remains corresponding blade 10 is connected to the rotor disk 22.
- the removal of these intermediate regions of the blade ring 28 can be effected by means of a milling process and / or an electrochemical removal process and / or an electrical discharge machining process.
- FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the component 30.
- the component 30 according to the third embodiment is also a blisk.
- the turbine blades 10 have been directly, i. without the prior manufacture of a blade ring 28, connected to the rotor disk 22. After joining the turbine blades 10 to the rotor disk 22, those portions of the turbine blades 10 interposed between the individual turbine blades 10 have been partially removed such that the weld 24 formed between the turbine blades 10 and the rotor disk 22 is partially removed is interrupted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007050142A DE102007050142A1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2007-10-19 | Method of making a blisk or bling, component and turbine blade made therewith |
PCT/DE2008/001667 WO2009049596A1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2008-10-10 | Method for producing a blisk or a bling, component produced therewith and turbine blade |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2198128A1 true EP2198128A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
Family
ID=40456478
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08839201A Withdrawn EP2198128A1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2008-10-10 | Method for producing a blisk or a bling, component produced therewith and turbine blade |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100284817A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2198128A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2011501019A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101821480A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2702435A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007050142A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009049596A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010051534A1 (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-16 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Forming an adapter for connecting blade to rotor base body of turbomachine, comprises applying material layer on connecting surface of blade to form first adapter portion and applying second material on first adapter portion |
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US7516100B1 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2009-04-07 | The Western Union Company | Method and system for transferring money in business-to-business internet transactions |
DE102008051934A1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-04-15 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method of manufacturing a rotor and rotor |
DE102008052247A1 (en) | 2008-10-18 | 2010-04-22 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Component for a gas turbine and method for producing the component |
DE102008057188A1 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method of making or repairing integral bladed gas turbine rotors |
DE102009023841A1 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Rotor i.e. integral bladed rotor for gas turbine, has shrouding band covering outer edge of rotor base body and forming internal flow channel, and retaining element fastening shrouding band to rotor base body |
DE102009023840A1 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Integral bladed rotor for fluid-flow machine i.e. gas turbine, has separate shrouding band that covers and protects outer edge of rotor base and/or shovel necks against hot gases, where base is made of ceramic fiber composite |
DE102009048632A1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | joining methods |
DE102009048957C5 (en) | 2009-10-10 | 2014-01-09 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | A method of fusion welding a single crystal workpiece with a polycrystalline workpiece and rotor |
DE102009052783A1 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-05-12 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for manufacturing blisk or bling for flow machine, particularly thermal gas turbine, involves providing blade ring which has blade adapter |
DE102010032464B4 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2017-03-16 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Dual blisks in the high pressure compressor |
DE102010034337A1 (en) * | 2010-08-14 | 2012-02-16 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for connecting a turbine blade with a turbine disk or a turbine ring |
WO2012041645A1 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Control wheel arrangement for a steam turbine |
US8801388B2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2014-08-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bi-cast turbine rotor disks and methods of forming same |
CN102179675B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-03-27 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Milling processing method of K403 casting nickel-based high-temperature ring-shaped part |
CN102310312B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-03-20 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Machining technique of turbine blade ring |
EP2586969B1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2020-03-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Spoked Rotor for a Gas Turbine Engine |
US9938831B2 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2018-04-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Spoked rotor for a gas turbine engine |
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DE102011119910B4 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2014-09-11 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | A method of manufacturing a paddle wheel with a disk body connected to at least one blade |
US8408446B1 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-04-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and tooling assemblies for the manufacture of metallurgically-consolidated turbine engine components |
US9033670B2 (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2015-05-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Axially-split radial turbines and methods for the manufacture thereof |
CN102837160B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-11-19 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Assembling precision control method of single-body blades in blisk of electron beam welding structure |
DE102013213517A1 (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-15 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Aircraft engine |
US20150098802A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-09 | General Electric Company | Shrouded turbine blisk and method of manufacturing same |
EP2957719A1 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | A rotor unit for a turbomachine and a method for construction thereof |
EP2998060B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-01-02 | Rolls-Royce plc | Method of replacing damaged blade |
DE102014225330A1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-23 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Method for producing a fan blisk of a gas turbine |
US9551230B2 (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-01-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Friction welding rotor blades to a rotor disk |
US9938834B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2018-04-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bladed gas turbine engine rotors having deposited transition rings and methods for the manufacture thereof |
US10294804B2 (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2019-05-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Dual alloy gas turbine engine rotors and methods for the manufacture thereof |
US10036254B2 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2018-07-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Dual alloy bladed rotors suitable for usage in gas turbine engines and methods for the manufacture thereof |
GB2553146A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-02-28 | Rolls Royce Plc | A friction welding process |
DE102016120480A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Method for producing a turbomachine wheel |
US20180128109A1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-10 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Radial turbine with bonded single crystal blades |
US10415403B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2019-09-17 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Cooled blisk for gas turbine engine |
US10247015B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2019-04-02 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Cooled blisk with dual wall blades for gas turbine engine |
US10934865B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2021-03-02 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Cooled single walled blisk for gas turbine engine |
GB2560001B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-07-17 | Rolls Royce Plc | A weld stub arrangement and a method of using the arrangement to make an article |
DE102017223410A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Method for joining components and device |
US10718218B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2020-07-21 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Turbine blisk with airfoil and rim cooling |
US20200224669A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | Dyna Rechi Co., Ltd. | Fan blade structure |
DE102019208666A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | MTU Aero Engines AG | ROTORS FOR HIGH PRESSURE COMPRESSORS AND LOW PRESSURE TURBINE OF A GEARBOX DRIVE PLANT, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
US11897065B2 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2024-02-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Composite turbine disc rotor for turbomachine |
CN111022128A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Integral blade ring structure and manufacturing method thereof |
RU198476U1 (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-07-13 | Акционерное общество "Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация" (АО "ОДК") | ROTOR DISC OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE FROM NICKEL HEAT RESISTANT ALLOY |
CN112091548B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-01-29 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Titanium alloy welding type blisk machining method |
CN114734208B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-03-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Integral blade ring structure of oblique flow or centrifugal impeller and machining method thereof |
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-
2007
- 2007-10-19 DE DE102007050142A patent/DE102007050142A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-10-10 US US12/738,608 patent/US20100284817A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-10-10 JP JP2010529229A patent/JP2011501019A/en active Pending
- 2008-10-10 EP EP08839201A patent/EP2198128A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-10-10 WO PCT/DE2008/001667 patent/WO2009049596A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-10 CN CN200880111543A patent/CN101821480A/en active Pending
- 2008-10-10 CA CA2702435A patent/CA2702435A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009049596A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010051534A1 (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-16 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Forming an adapter for connecting blade to rotor base body of turbomachine, comprises applying material layer on connecting surface of blade to form first adapter portion and applying second material on first adapter portion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101821480A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
WO2009049596A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
JP2011501019A (en) | 2011-01-06 |
CA2702435A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
DE102007050142A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
US20100284817A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
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