EP1979886A1 - Method and apparatus for identifying through traffic - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for identifying through traffic

Info

Publication number
EP1979886A1
EP1979886A1 EP07703596A EP07703596A EP1979886A1 EP 1979886 A1 EP1979886 A1 EP 1979886A1 EP 07703596 A EP07703596 A EP 07703596A EP 07703596 A EP07703596 A EP 07703596A EP 1979886 A1 EP1979886 A1 EP 1979886A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
time
area
traffic
transit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07703596A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1979886B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolph Vollmer
Joachim Rentel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1979886A1 publication Critical patent/EP1979886A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1979886B1 publication Critical patent/EP1979886B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/20—Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles
    • G08G1/207—Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles with respect to certain areas, e.g. forbidden or allowed areas with possible alerting when inside or outside boundaries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers

Definitions

  • the described automatic transit traffic recognition is carried out in a vehicle device, i. in a device that is installed in a vehicle.
  • An algorithm derived from the above-described procedure runs in the vehicle terminal. This device monitors the areas and times and sends out appropriate information if a potential violation of a driving ban is to be assumed.
  • such a vehicle terminal be it in connection with a toll application or as a driver information or navigation system, has the necessary technical equipment for carrying out transit traffic recognition, so that the expense for implementation can be kept low.
  • the necessary data with regard to transit times, entry points and / or exit points, etc. are kept in a protected storage area of the vehicle terminal, wherein changes or additions are made by means of an update of the data from the outside.
  • individual or a plurality of restricted areas are stored in memory.
  • the illustrated approach is not only advantageous for distinguishing transit and adjacent traffic or delivery traffic, but also for detecting whether dangerous goods transports and / or heavy transport traverse unauthorized areas or deviate from predetermined routes.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic procedure for through traffic recognition on the basis of a schematic diagram
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device for automatic traffic
  • FIG. 3 uses a flow chart to outline a preferred embodiment of the computer program implemented in the vehicle terminal for automatic through traffic recognition.
  • FIG. 4 shows a table for reference transit times of a fictitious area.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, an area 10 which is blocked for transit traffic, in particular for certain classes of vehicles, such as heavy goods traffic.
  • the area is crossed by various roads 12, 14, 16 and has various entry and exit points (A - F).
  • the passage of an entry point A - F and the passage of one of the exit points A - F of the restricted area is now detected in the terminal installed in the vehicle. This is done in the preferred embodiment by means of a positioning system of the vehicle, for example based on GPS or Galileo signals. In other embodiments, there are devices (e.g., beacons) at the entrance and exit points, with which the on and off
  • This journey time is with a - A -
  • the reference value depends on different ones
  • the reference value is determined by factors such as vehicle type (e.g., car, truck, motorcycle) and / or time of day (at night, rush hour, etc.) and / or characteristics of the area (number of intersections, locations, etc.).
  • the reference transit time may also be dependent on the direction of travel, since the transit time may differ due to gradients or different number of traffic lights in each direction. For example, a trip from A to B may have a different typical transit time than a trip from B to A.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vehicle-mounted terminal 20 which serves to implement the transit traffic detection algorithm as outlined above.
  • the vehicle terminal 20 has a computer element 22, which at least one
  • the terminal comprises at least one positioning system 28, for example a GPS system, which receives the signals necessary for determining the position via an antenna 30 and determines the own position from these signals.
  • a communication unit 32 is part of the vehicle device, for example a Communication unit to a mobile network (eg GSM, GPRS, UMTS), and / or a short-range communication links such as WLAN, infrared, Bluetooth, DECT, DSRC, etc.
  • the device shown in Figure 2 can be used for traffic traffic detection unit or an already existing Device, such as a telematics device, a toll device, a
  • Navigation device etc., or be a part of such a device.
  • the coordinates of the entrances and exits of areas closed to transit traffic are preferably stored as geo-coordinates (longitude, latitude, plus additional capture circle). If the vehicle drives through an entry point into the restricted area, a comparison of the measured
  • the vehicle Own position and the stored position value range of the entry point that passes through the entry point. Thereafter, the time that the vehicle has been in the area since the entry point and / or the positions of the vehicle are automatically detected and stored in the internal memory. If the vehicle reaches an exit point (which is determined as shown in connection with the entry point), then the residence time between passing of the entry point until reaching the exit point is determined and compared with a reference transit time stored for this route.
  • the reference transit times are stored as a table in the memory. Is the measured residence time less than or equal to the predetermined reference time, in the preferred embodiment of
  • the vehicle identification number, the times when the entry and / or the exit point pass and / or the route recorded on the basis of the recorded positions are then optionally compressed and / or encrypted in the vehicle device and transmitted via the communication unit to a monitoring center.
  • the measured journey time is greater than the reference time, then it is likely to be local traffic or delivery traffic.
  • two variants are possible for a further procedure. Basically it can be assumed that in such a constellation no violation of the Passage restriction exists. This leads to the fact that ignoring the passage restriction and exceeding the reference time, for example due to congestion, accident, blocking, etc., this disregard is not recognized. Communication costs to the center are not incurred.
  • Another variant is that the above-mentioned data of the monitoring center may be compressed and / or transmitted encrypted by means of the communication unit and then decided in the monitoring center on the basis of the lane, whether a disregard of the passage restriction exists or not.
  • Both the entry and exit points and the reference transit time are updated via the communication interface of the vehicle device.
  • the updating of this data via the communication interface is done dynamically, i. depending on the time of day and / or the current traffic conditions. At this time, e.g. In the case of areas which are locked in a time-dependent manner, the data is loaded into the memory of the vehicle device only during the corresponding time. Furthermore or alternatively, in the event of traffic jams in an area, the
  • the area and reference time data are stored tamper-proof in the memory of the vehicle device. Depending on the size of the memory of the vehicle device, a predetermined amount of areas with passage restrictions are kept.
  • the described concept for automatic through traffic detection is also used to detect dangerous goods traffic in areas closed to dangerous goods (eg due to water pollution control or tunnels). Geodesics of the corresponding restricted areas are then provided in the terminal of the dangerous goods transporter. As shown above, after a recognized passage through such an area, a message is issued. In a
  • the reference time for such areas is set to a very high value, so that each crossing (even with a break) generates a message.
  • the above procedure is applied inversely.
  • the declared route is programmed as an area, a reference time is given and the time spent in the area is recorded. If the residence time is greater or less than the reference time plus a grace period, a message is issued.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of an embodiment of the above-described procedure as a computer program.
  • the program is run at predetermined time intervals, for example a few milliseconds, and runs in the vehicle terminal.
  • step 100 the current position of the vehicle is detected by means of the position determination unit. Then, in step 102, the stored positions of entry or exit points of restricted areas, preferably only adjacent to the current position, are compared. If the measured position corresponds to an entry point or if the position is in the capture area of an entry point, then the program is continued with step 104, otherwise it is repeated with step 100.
  • a timer T is started in step 104. Furthermore, in order to prevent an entry point from being recognized several times, a flag is set for the entry point, which prevents the same entry point from being detected a second time in the event of another program run. Furthermore, the position value of the vehicle is stored. In the subsequent step 106, the position of the vehicle is determined again and it is checked in step 108 whether the position is within the capture range of a predetermined exit point of the area in which the vehicle is located. If this is not the case, the program is repeated with step 106. The exit points checked in step 108 are all exit points of this area. If an exit point is detected in step 108, the timer T is stopped in step 110.
  • step 112 the reference time Tmax from the table in the memory for the predetermined route and, if necessary, the vehicle type, the direction of travel, the time of day, the weather conditions, etc. read.
  • step 114 it is checked whether the measured time T is greater than the reference time. If this is the case, it is detected in step 116 that there was obviously a local or delivery traffic, while in the opposite case, in step 118, a transmission of predetermined data to a monitoring center is initiated. After step 116 or 118, the program is repeated in step 100.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

In a method and an apparatus for identifying through traffic, entry into and exit from a predefined area are ascertained and the transit time is used to determine whether unauthorized transit through the area has occurred.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Titeltitle
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur DurchgangsverkehrserkennungMethod and device for transit traffic detection
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Für verschiedene Verkehrskategorien, beispielsweise für den Schwerlastverkehr, Gefahrgutverkehr oder Schwertransporte, sind aus unterschiedlichen Gründen (z.B. umweltpolitische Gründe) bestimmte Straßen und Gebiete für den Durchgangsverkehr gesperrt. Diese Sperrungen können eine zeitlich eingeschränkte Gültigkeit haben, beispielsweise nur für bestimmte Wochentage und/oder für bestimmte Stunden am Tag gelten. Entsprechende Verkehrszeichen sind in der deutschen Straßen- und Verkehrsordnung vorhanden. Die Überprüfung der Einhaltung derartiger Verbote erfolgt derzeit insbesondere durch aufwendige Straßenverkehrskontrollen.For different categories of traffic, such as heavy goods vehicles, dangerous goods or heavy goods vehicles, certain roads and areas are closed to through traffic for a variety of reasons (such as environmental reasons). These blockages may have a limited validity, for example, apply only to certain days of the week and / or for certain hours of the day. Corresponding traffic signs are present in the German road and traffic regulations. The verification of compliance with such prohibitions currently takes place, in particular, through costly road traffic controls.
Andererseits gibt es im Zusammenhang mit der Gebührenabrechnung für die Benutzung gebührenpflichtiger Straßen beispielsweise aus der EP 741 373 Bl Vorschläge, nach der wenigstens bei Einfahrt in und/oder Ausfahrt aus dem gebührenpflichtigen Bereich Stationen vorgesehen sind, die das Passieren eines Fahrzeugs erkennen und mit denen eine im Fahrzeug eingebauten Einheit kommuniziert zur Berechnung der Gebührenhöhe. Nachfolgend wird eine Vorgehensweise beschrieben, die in besonders vorteilhafter Weise erkennt, ob ein Fahrzeug ein für das Fahrzeug gesperrtes Gebiet durchfährt oder ob es sich bei dem Fahrzeug um einen Liefer- oder Anliegerverkehr handelt. Dies wird erreicht durch einen Erkennungsalgorithmus, der ausgehend von einer typischen Durchfahrtszeit, die vorzugsweise abhängig ist vom Fahrzeugtyp und/oder der Tageszeit und/oder derOn the other hand, there are proposals in connection with the billing for the use of toll roads, for example from EP 741 373 Bl, according to which at least entry and / or exit from the toll area stations are provided which detect the passing of a vehicle and with which The unit installed in the vehicle communicates with the calculation of the fee amount. The following describes a procedure which identifies in a particularly advantageous manner whether a vehicle is passing through an area closed to the vehicle or whether the vehicle is a delivery or local traffic. This is achieved by a recognition algorithm based on a typical transit time, which is preferably dependent on the vehicle type and / or the time of day and / or the
Eigenschaft des Gebietes (z.B. Anzahl der Ortschaften, der Kreuzungen, der Straßentypen). Bei Erreichen oder Unterschreiten dieser typischen Durchfahrtszeit bzw. eines daraus abgeleiteten Referenzwerts handelt es sich um einen potentiellen Verstoß, während es sich bei einer Überschreitung der Durchfahrtszeit bzw. des abgeleiteten Referenzwerts um einen Anlieger- oder Lieferverkehr handeln dürfte.Property of the area (e.g., number of villages, intersections, road types). If this typical transit time or derived reference value is reached or undershot, this is a potential infringement, and if the transit time or the derived reference value is exceeded, this is likely to be ancillary or delivery traffic.
In bevorzugter Weise wird die geschilderte automatische Durchgangsverkehrserkennung in einem Fahrzeuggerät ausgeführt, d.h. in einem Gerät, das in einem Fahrzeug eingebaut ist. Ein aus der oben geschilderten Vorgehensweise abgeleiteter Algorithmus läuft im Fahrzeugendgerät ab. Dieses Gerät überwacht die Gebiete und Zeiten und sendet eine entsprechende Information aus, wenn ein potentieller Verstoß gegen ein Fahrverbot anzunehmen ist.Preferably, the described automatic transit traffic recognition is carried out in a vehicle device, i. in a device that is installed in a vehicle. An algorithm derived from the above-described procedure runs in the vehicle terminal. This device monitors the areas and times and sends out appropriate information if a potential violation of a driving ban is to be assumed.
Es ist von erheblichem Vorteil, dass der Ablauf des Erkennungsalgorithmus lokal erfolgt, somit erheblich an Datentransfer eingespart und an Sicherheit gewonnen wird und dass nur bei entsprechendem Ergebnis eine Kommunikation aus dem Fahrzeug heraus zu einer zentralen Einheit stattfindet.It is of considerable advantage that the execution of the recognition algorithm takes place locally, thus considerably saving data transfer and gaining security, and that only with the corresponding result does communication take place from the vehicle to a central unit.
In besonders vorteilhafter Weise besitzt ein derartiges Fahrzeugendgerät, sei es in Verbindung mit einer Mautanwendung oder als Fahrerinformations- bzw. Navigationssystem, die notwendigen technischen Ausstattungen zur Durchführung der Durchgangsverkehrserkennung, so dass der Aufwand zur Realisierung gering gehalten werden kann.In a particularly advantageous manner, such a vehicle terminal, be it in connection with a toll application or as a driver information or navigation system, has the necessary technical equipment for carrying out transit traffic recognition, so that the expense for implementation can be kept low.
In vorteilhafter Weise werden die notwendigen Daten hinsichtlich Durchfahrtszeiten, Ein- und/oder Ausfahrtspunkten etc. in einem geschützten Speicherbereich des Fahrzeugendgeräts vorgehalten, wobei Änderungen oder Ergänzungen mittels eines Updates der Daten von außen vorgenommen werden. Dabei werden je nach Ausführung einzelne oder eine Vielzahl von gesperrten Gebieten in Speicher vorgehalten. Die dargestellte Vorgehensweise ist nicht nur vorteilhaft einsetzbar zur Unterscheidung von Durchgangs- und Anlieger- bzw. Lieferverkehr, sondern auch zur Erkennung, ob Gefahrguttransporte und/oder Schwertransport nicht erlaubte Gebiete durchqueren oder von vorgegebenen Routen abweichen.Advantageously, the necessary data with regard to transit times, entry points and / or exit points, etc. are kept in a protected storage area of the vehicle terminal, wherein changes or additions are made by means of an update of the data from the outside. Depending on the design, individual or a plurality of restricted areas are stored in memory. The illustrated approach is not only advantageous for distinguishing transit and adjacent traffic or delivery traffic, but also for detecting whether dangerous goods transports and / or heavy transport traverse unauthorized areas or deviate from predetermined routes.
Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen bzw. aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.Advantages will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments or from the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsformen näher erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt dabei anhand einer Prinzipsskizze die grundsätzliche Vorgehensweise zur Durchgangsverkehrserkennung, während in Figur 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur automatischenThe invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing. FIG. 1 shows the basic procedure for through traffic recognition on the basis of a schematic diagram, while FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device for automatic traffic
Durchgangsverkehrserkennung, welche im Kraftfahrzeug eingebaut ist, dargestellt ist. Figur 3 schließlich skizziert anhand eines Flussdiagramms eine bevorzugte Ausführung des im Fahrzeugendgerät zur automatischen Durchgangsverkehrserkennung durchgeführten Rechnerprogramms. Figur 4 zeigt eine Tabelle für Referenzdurchfahrzeiten eines fiktiven Gebietes.Through traffic detection, which is installed in the motor vehicle, is shown. Finally, FIG. 3 uses a flow chart to outline a preferred embodiment of the computer program implemented in the vehicle terminal for automatic through traffic recognition. FIG. 4 shows a table for reference transit times of a fictitious area.
In Figur 1 ist beispielhaft ein Gebiet 10 dargestellt, welches für den Durchgangsverkehr, insbesondere für bestimmte Klassen von Fahrzeugen wie beispielsweise den Schwerlastverkehr, gesperrt ist. Das Gebiet wird von verschiedenen Straßen 12, 14, 16 durchzogen und weist verschiedene Einfahr- und Ausfahrstellen (A - F) auf.FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, an area 10 which is blocked for transit traffic, in particular for certain classes of vehicles, such as heavy goods traffic. The area is crossed by various roads 12, 14, 16 and has various entry and exit points (A - F).
Zur automatischen Durchgangsverkehrserkennung wird nun in dem im Fahrzeug eingebauten Endgerät das Passieren einer Einfahrstelle A - F und das Passieren einer der Ausfahrstellen A - F des gesperrten Gebiets erkannt. Dies erfolgt in der bevorzugten Ausführung anhand eines Positionsbestimmungssystems des Fahrzeugs, beispielsweise anhand von GPS- oder Galileo-Signalen. In anderen Ausführungen sind an den Einfahr- bzw. Ausfahrstellen Vorrichtungen vorhanden (z.B. Baken), mit welchen die Ein- bzw.For automatic through traffic recognition, the passage of an entry point A - F and the passage of one of the exit points A - F of the restricted area is now detected in the terminal installed in the vehicle. This is done in the preferred embodiment by means of a positioning system of the vehicle, for example based on GPS or Galileo signals. In other embodiments, there are devices (e.g., beacons) at the entrance and exit points, with which the on and off
Ausfahrt eines Fahrzeugs erkannt wird. Weitere Alternativen bestehen in anderen Positionsbestimmungsverfahren wie beispielsweise DeadReckoning- Verfahren.Exit of a vehicle is detected. Other alternatives exist in other positioning methods such as DeadReckoning methods.
Neben dem Passieren von Ein- und/oder Ausfahrstellen eines gesperrten Gebiets wird die Aufenthaltszeit bestimmt, die das Fahrzeug sich in diesem von den Ein- bzw. Ausfahrstellen abgegrenzten Gebiets aufhält. Diese Fahrzeit wird mit einer - A -In addition to passing entry and / or exit points of a restricted area, the length of stay that the vehicle is in at this area separated from the entrance or exit points is determined. This journey time is with a - A -
abgespeicherten Referenzzeit für der Fahrstrecke zwischen der Ein- und Ausfahrstelle verglichen. Bei Überschreiten dieser Referenzzeit ist davon auszugehen, dass tatsächlich ein Zuliefer- bzw. Anliegerverkehr stattgefunden hat, während bei einem Unterschreiten der Zeit es nahe liegt, dass ein Verstoß gegen das Durchfahrtsverbot vorliegt.stored reference time for the route between the entry and exit point compared. If this reference time is exceeded, it can be assumed that a supply or ancillary traffic has actually taken place, whereas if it falls below the time it is obvious that there is a violation of the transit ban.
Im bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel hängt der Referenzwert dabei von verschiedenenIn the preferred embodiment, the reference value depends on different ones
Faktoren ab. Dabei wird z.B. für jede mögliche Kombination aus Einfahrstelle und Ausfahrstelle eine bestimmte für das gesperrte Gebiet typische Durchfahrtszeit vorgegeben. Ferner wird der Referenzwert je nach Ausführung von Faktoren wie Fahrzeugtyp (z.B. Pkw, Lkw, Motorrad) und/oder Tageszeit (nachts, Rushhour, etc.) und/oder Eigenschaften des Gebiets (Anzahl Kreuzungen, Ortschaften, etc.) abhängig vorgegeben.Factors off. In doing so, e.g. For each possible combination of entry point and exit point, a specific transit time typical for the restricted area is given. Furthermore, depending on the design, the reference value is determined by factors such as vehicle type (e.g., car, truck, motorcycle) and / or time of day (at night, rush hour, etc.) and / or characteristics of the area (number of intersections, locations, etc.).
Wird die Referenzdurchfahrtszeit in einem Gebiet durch die gemessene Aufenthaltszeit des Fahrzeugs in diesem Gebiet erreicht bzw. unterschritten, so handelt es sich um einen potentiellen Verstoß, da Anlieger- und Lieferverkehr höhere Fahrzeiten für das Gebiet haben.If the reference transit time in an area is reached or undershot by the measured time of stay of the vehicle in that area, this is a potential breach, as local traffic and delivery traffic have longer travel times for the area.
Ferner kann die Referenzdurchfahrtszeit auch abhängig von der Fahrtrichtung sein, da sich die Durchfahrtszeit bedingt durch Steigungen oder unterschiedliche Anzahl von Ampeln in jeder Fahrtrichtung unterscheiden kann. So kann beispielsweise eine Fahrt von A nach B eine andere typische Durchfahrtszeit haben als eine Fahrt von B nach A.Furthermore, the reference transit time may also be dependent on the direction of travel, since the transit time may differ due to gradients or different number of traffic lights in each direction. For example, a trip from A to B may have a different typical transit time than a trip from B to A.
Ein Beispiel für eine im Speicher des Fahrzeugendgerätes abgelegte Tabelle fürAn example of a stored in the memory of the vehicle terminal table for
Referenzdurchfahrtszeiten (in Minuten) für ein wie in Figur 1 skizziertes Gebiet ist in Figur 4 dargestellt.Reference transit times (in minutes) for an area as sketched in Figure 1 are shown in Figure 4.
Figur 2 zeigt ein im Fahrzeug eingebautes Endgerät 20, welches zur Durchführung des Durchgangsverkehrserkennungsalgorithmus wie oben skizziert dient. Das Fahrzeugendgerät 20 weist ein Rechnerelement 22 auf, welches wenigstens einenFIG. 2 shows a vehicle-mounted terminal 20 which serves to implement the transit traffic detection algorithm as outlined above. The vehicle terminal 20 has a computer element 22, which at least one
Speicher 24 sowie Ein- und Ausgangsbeschaltungen 26 aufweist. Ferner umfasst das Endgerät wenigstens ein Positionsbestimmungssystem 28, beispielsweise ein GPS-System, welches die zur Positionsbestimmung notwendigen Signale über eine Antenne 30 empfängt und aus diesen Signalen die Eigenposition ermittelt. Ferner ist eine Kommunikationseinheit 32 Bestandteil des Fahrzeuggeräts, beispielsweise eine Kommunikationseinheit zu einem Mobilfunknetz (z.B. GSM, GPRS, UMTS), und/oder eine kurzreichweitige Kommunikationsverbindungen wie beispielsweise WLAN, Infrarot, Bluetooth, DECT, DSRC, etc. Die in Figur 2 dargestellte Vorrichtung kann eine speziell zur Durchgangverkehrserkennung eingesetzte Einheit oder ein bereits vorhandenes Gerät, beispielsweise ein Telematikgerät, ein Mautgerät, einMemory 24 and input and output circuits 26 has. Furthermore, the terminal comprises at least one positioning system 28, for example a GPS system, which receives the signals necessary for determining the position via an antenna 30 and determines the own position from these signals. Furthermore, a communication unit 32 is part of the vehicle device, for example a Communication unit to a mobile network (eg GSM, GPRS, UMTS), and / or a short-range communication links such as WLAN, infrared, Bluetooth, DECT, DSRC, etc. The device shown in Figure 2 can be used for traffic traffic detection unit or an already existing Device, such as a telematics device, a toll device, a
Navigationsgerät etc., oder ein Teil eines solchen Geräts sein.Navigation device etc., or be a part of such a device.
Im Speicher dieser Einheit sind die Koordinaten der Ein- und Ausfahrstellen von für den Durchgangsverkehr gesperrte Gebiete in bevorzugter Weise als Geokoordinate hinterlegt (Longitude, Latitude, jeweils zuzüglich Fangkreis). Fährt das Fahrzeug durch eine Einfahrstelle in das gesperrte Gebiet, wird anhand eines Vergleich der gemessenenIn the memory of this unit, the coordinates of the entrances and exits of areas closed to transit traffic are preferably stored as geo-coordinates (longitude, latitude, plus additional capture circle). If the vehicle drives through an entry point into the restricted area, a comparison of the measured
Eigenposition und des gespeicherten Positionswertebereichs der Einfahrstelle das passieren der Einfahrstelle erfasst. Danach werden die Zeit, die das Fahrzeug seit der Einfahrstelle sich im Gebiet aufgehalten hat und/oder die Positionen des Fahrzeugs automatisch erfasst und im internen Speicher abgelegt. Erreicht das Fahrzeug eine Ausfahrstelle (was entsprechend der Darstellung in Verbindung mit der Einfahrstelle ermittelt wird), so wird die Aufenthaltszeit zwischen Passieren der Einfahrstelle bis zum Erreichen der Ausfahrstelle ermittelt und mit einer für diese Fahrtroute abgelegten Referenzdurchfahrtszeit verglichen. Die Referenzdurchfahrtszeiten sind als Tabelle im Speicher hinterlegt. Ist die gemessene Aufenthaltszeit kleiner oder gleich der vorgegebenen Referenzzeit, die im bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ausOwn position and the stored position value range of the entry point that passes through the entry point. Thereafter, the time that the vehicle has been in the area since the entry point and / or the positions of the vehicle are automatically detected and stored in the internal memory. If the vehicle reaches an exit point (which is determined as shown in connection with the entry point), then the residence time between passing of the entry point until reaching the exit point is determined and compared with a reference transit time stored for this route. The reference transit times are stored as a table in the memory. Is the measured residence time less than or equal to the predetermined reference time, in the preferred embodiment of
Referenzdurchfahrtszeit plus einer Reservezeit gebildet wird, so handelt es sich mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit um einen Verstoß gegen die Durchgangsverkehrssperrung.Reference transit time plus a reserve time, it is very likely a transit transit
Die Fahrzeugidentifikationsnummer, die Zeiten des Passierens der Ein- und/oder der Ausfahrstelle und/oder die anhand der aufgenommene Positionen mitgeschriebenen Fahrstrecke (Spur) werden dann im Fahrzeuggerät gegebenenfalls komprimiert und/oder verschlüsselt und über die Kommunikationseinheit einer Überwachungszentrale übermittelt.The vehicle identification number, the times when the entry and / or the exit point pass and / or the route recorded on the basis of the recorded positions are then optionally compressed and / or encrypted in the vehicle device and transmitted via the communication unit to a monitoring center.
Ist die gemessene Fahrtzeit größer als die Referenzzeit, so handelt es sich mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit um Anliegerverkehr oder Lieferverkehr. In diesem Fall sind zwei Varianten für eine weitere Vorgehensweise möglich. Grundsätzlich kann angenommen werden, dass bei einer derartigen Konstellation kein Verstoß gegen die Durchfahrtsbeschränkung vorliegt. Dies führt dazu, dass bei Missachten der Durchfahrtsbeschränkung und Überschreiten der Referenzzeit, beispielsweise bedingt durch Stau, Unfall, Sperrung etc., diese Missachtung nicht erkannt wird. Kommunikationskosten zur Zentrale fallen nicht an. Eine andere Variante ist, dass die oben genannten Daten der Überwachungszentrale gegebenenfalls komprimiert und/oder verschlüsselt mittels der Kommunikationseinheit übermittelt werden und in der Überwachungszentrale dann anhand der Fahrspur entschieden wird, ob eine Missachtung der Durchfahrtsbeschränkung vorliegt oder nicht.If the measured journey time is greater than the reference time, then it is likely to be local traffic or delivery traffic. In this case, two variants are possible for a further procedure. Basically it can be assumed that in such a constellation no violation of the Passage restriction exists. This leads to the fact that ignoring the passage restriction and exceeding the reference time, for example due to congestion, accident, blocking, etc., this disregard is not recognized. Communication costs to the center are not incurred. Another variant is that the above-mentioned data of the monitoring center may be compressed and / or transmitted encrypted by means of the communication unit and then decided in the monitoring center on the basis of the lane, whether a disregard of the passage restriction exists or not.
Sowohl die Ein- und Ausfahrtstellen als auch die Referenzdurchfahrtszeit werden über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle des Fahrzeugsgeräts aktualisiert.Both the entry and exit points and the reference transit time are updated via the communication interface of the vehicle device.
Ferner oder alternativ erfolgt in einer Ausführung die Aktualisierung dieser Daten über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle dynamisch, d.h. abhängig von der Uhrzeit und/oder den aktuellen Verkehrsverhältnissen. Dabei werden bei z.B. bei uhrzeitabhängig gesperrten Gebieten die Daten in den Speicher des Fahrzeuggeräts nur während der entsprechenden Uhrzeit geladen. Ferner oder alternativ werden bei Staumeldungen in einem Gebiet dieFurther or alternatively, in one embodiment, the updating of this data via the communication interface is done dynamically, i. depending on the time of day and / or the current traffic conditions. At this time, e.g. In the case of areas which are locked in a time-dependent manner, the data is loaded into the memory of the vehicle device only during the corresponding time. Furthermore or alternatively, in the event of traffic jams in an area, the
Referenzzeiten in diesem Gebiet anhand dieser Staumeldungen angepasst und per Funk aktualisiert.Reference times in this area are adjusted on the basis of these traffic jam reports and updated by radio.
Die Gebiets- und Referenzzeitdaten sind manipulationssicher im Speicher des Fahrzeuggerätes abgelegt. Je nach Größe des Speichers des Fahrzeuggeräts werden eine vorgegebene Menge von Gebieten mit Durchfahrtsbeschränkungen vorgehalten.The area and reference time data are stored tamper-proof in the memory of the vehicle device. Depending on the size of the memory of the vehicle device, a predetermined amount of areas with passage restrictions are kept.
Das geschilderte Konzept zur automatischen Durchgangsverkehrserkennung wird auch eingesetzt zur Erkennung von Gefahrgutverkehr in für Gefahrgut gesperrten Gebieten (z. B. wegen Gewässerschutz oder Tunnels). Im Endgerät des Gefahrguttransporters sind dann Geodäten der entsprechenden gesperrten Gebiete vorgesehen. Wie oben dargestellt wird nach erkanntem Durchfahren eines solchen Gebiets eine Meldung abgesetzt. In einerThe described concept for automatic through traffic detection is also used to detect dangerous goods traffic in areas closed to dangerous goods (eg due to water pollution control or tunnels). Geodesics of the corresponding restricted areas are then provided in the terminal of the dangerous goods transporter. As shown above, after a recognized passage through such an area, a message is issued. In a
Ausführung wird die Referenzzeit für solche Gebiete auf einen sehr hohen Wert gesetzt, so dass jede Durchquerung (auch mit Pause) eine Meldung erzeugt.Execution, the reference time for such areas is set to a very high value, so that each crossing (even with a break) generates a message.
Ebenso wird eine Erkennung von Schwertransporten auf Straßen, für die der Schwertransport nicht angemeldet wurde, ermöglicht. Auch hier wird in der Fahrzeugeinheit die gesperrten, d.h. außerhalb des angemeldeten Straßenverlaufs liegenden Gebiete per Geodäten einprogrammiert. Die Ein- und Ausfahrten aus solchen Gebieten werden wie oben dargestellt protokolliert und Meldungen abgesetzt.Likewise, a detection of heavy transport on roads for which the heavy transport was not registered, allows. Again, in the vehicle unit, the locked, ie outside the registered road course lying areas programmed by geodesics. The entrances and exits from such areas are logged as shown above and messages are issued.
In einer anderen Ausführung wird die oben dargestellte Vorgehensweise invers angewendet. Die angemeldete Strecke wird als Gebiet einprogrammiert, eine Referenzzeit vorgegeben und die Aufenthaltszeit im Gebiet erfasst. Ist die Aufenthaltszeit größer oder kleiner als die Referenzzeit plus eine Karenzzeit, wird eine Meldung abgesetzt.In another embodiment, the above procedure is applied inversely. The declared route is programmed as an area, a reference time is given and the time spent in the area is recorded. If the residence time is greater or less than the reference time plus a grace period, a message is issued.
Figur 3 zeigt ein Beispiel für eine Ausführung der oben dargestellten Vorgehensweise als Rechnerprogramm. Das Programm wird in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen, beispielsweise einige Millisekunden, durchlaufen und läuft im Fahrzeugendgerät ab.FIG. 3 shows an example of an embodiment of the above-described procedure as a computer program. The program is run at predetermined time intervals, for example a few milliseconds, and runs in the vehicle terminal.
Nach Start des Programms wird im ersten Schritt 100 die aktuelle Position des Fahrzeugs mittels der Positionsbestimmungseinheit erfasst. Daraufhin wird im Schritt 102 mit den abgespeicherten Positionen von Ein- bzw. Ausfahrstellen von gesperrten Gebieten, vorzugsweise nur den der aktuellen Position benachbarten, verglichen. Entspricht die gemessene Position einer Einfahrstelle bzw. befindet sich die Position im Einfangbereich einer Einfahrstelle, so wird das Programm mit Schritt 104 fortgeführt, ansonsten mit Schritt 100 wiederholt.After the start of the program, in the first step 100, the current position of the vehicle is detected by means of the position determination unit. Then, in step 102, the stored positions of entry or exit points of restricted areas, preferably only adjacent to the current position, are compared. If the measured position corresponds to an entry point or if the position is in the capture area of an entry point, then the program is continued with step 104, otherwise it is repeated with step 100.
Ist in Schritt 102 erkannt worden, dass das Fahrzeug in ein gesperrtes Gebiet einfährt, so wird im Schritt 104 ein Timer T gestartet. Ferner wird zur Verhinderung, dass eine Einfahrstelle mehrmals erkannt wird, für die Einfahrstelle ein Merker gesetzt, der bei einem erneuten Programmdurchlauf verhindert, dass die gleiche Einfahrstelle ein zweites Mal erkannt wird. Ferner wird der Positionswert des Fahrzeugs gespeichert. Im darauf folgenden Schritt 106 wird erneut die Position des Fahrzeugs bestimmt und in Schritt 108 überprüft, ob die Position innerhalb des Einfangbereiches einer vorgegebenen Ausfahrstelle des Gebiets, in dem sich das Fahrzeug befindet, liegt. Ist dies nicht der Fall, wird das Programm mit Schritt 106 wiederholt. Die im Schritt 108 überprüften Ausfahrstellen sind alle Ausfahrstellen diese Gebietes. Wird eine Ausfahrstelle im Schritt 108 erkannt, so wird der Timer T im Schritt 110 gestoppt. Daraufhin wird in Schritt 112 die Referenzzeit Tmax aus der Tabelle im Speicher für die vorgegebene Strecke sowie ggf. den Fahrzeugtyp, die Fahrrichtung, die Tageszeit, die Wetterverhältnisse etc. ausgelesen. In dem darauf folgenden Schritt 114 wird überprüft, ob die gemessene Zeit T größer als die Referenzzeit ist. Ist dies der Fall, wird in Schritt 116 erkannt, dass offensichtlich ein Anlieger- bzw. Lieferverkehr vorlag, während im gegenteiligen Fall im Schritt 118 eine Übermittlung vorgegebener Daten an eine Überwachungszentrale eingeleitet wird. Nach Schritt 116 bzw. 118 wird das Programm in Schritt 100 wiederholt. If it has been detected in step 102 that the vehicle is entering a restricted area, a timer T is started in step 104. Furthermore, in order to prevent an entry point from being recognized several times, a flag is set for the entry point, which prevents the same entry point from being detected a second time in the event of another program run. Furthermore, the position value of the vehicle is stored. In the subsequent step 106, the position of the vehicle is determined again and it is checked in step 108 whether the position is within the capture range of a predetermined exit point of the area in which the vehicle is located. If this is not the case, the program is repeated with step 106. The exit points checked in step 108 are all exit points of this area. If an exit point is detected in step 108, the timer T is stopped in step 110. Then, in step 112, the reference time Tmax from the table in the memory for the predetermined route and, if necessary, the vehicle type, the direction of travel, the time of day, the weather conditions, etc. read. In the following step 114, it is checked whether the measured time T is greater than the reference time. If this is the case, it is detected in step 116 that there was obviously a local or delivery traffic, while in the opposite case, in step 118, a transmission of predetermined data to a monitoring center is initiated. After step 116 or 118, the program is repeated in step 100.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Durchgangsverkehrserkennung, wobei die Position eines Fahrzeugs erfasst wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass anhand der Fahrzeugposition das Ein- und Ausfahren in bzw. aus einem vorgegebenen Gebiet (10) erkannt wird, dass die Zeit ermittelt wird, die das Fahrzeug sich in dem durch die Ein- bzw. Ausgangsstelle (A- F) definierten Gebiets (10) aufhält, wobei angezeigt wird, wenn die Aufenthaltszeit im Gebiet (10) eine Referenzzeit unter- bzw. überschreitet.1. A method for transit traffic detection, wherein the position of a vehicle is detected, characterized in that based on the vehicle position, the entry and exit in or from a predetermined area (10) is detected, that the time is determined, the vehicle is in the area (10) defined by the entry or exit point (A-F), which is displayed when the residence time in the area (10) falls below or exceeds a reference time.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgegebene Zeit in einem Speicher abgelegt ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined time is stored in a memory.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Referenzzeit abhängig ist von der Kombination der Ein- und Ausfahrstelle und/oder der Tageszeit und/oder des Fahrzeugtyps und/oder der Fahrtrichtung und/oder der Wetterbedingungen.3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reference time is dependent on the combination of the entrance and exit points and / or the time of day and / or the vehicle type and / or the direction of travel and / or the weather conditions.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzeige dadurch erfolgt, dass vorgegebene Daten von einem Fahrzeugendgerät, in dem das Verfahren abläuft, an eine Überwachungszentrale gesendet werden.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the display is effected in that predetermined data from a vehicle terminal, in which the process runs, are sent to a monitoring center.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgegebenen Daten Fahrzeugidentifizierungsnummer, zurückgelegter Weg und/ oder Aufenthalts- bzw. Durchfahrtszeit sind.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined data vehicle identification number, traveled way and / or residence or transit time.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Referenzzeiten und Gebiete dynamisch über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle aktualisiert werden. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reference times and areas are updated dynamically via the communication interface.
7. Vorrichtung zur Durchgangsverkehrserkennung mit einem im Fahrzeug eingebauten Endgerät (20), welches ein Positionsbestimmungssystem (28) und eine Rechnereinheit (22) mit Speicher (24) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rechnereinheit (22) derart ausgestaltet ist, dass sie anhand der Position des Fahrzeugs ein Ein- und Ausfahren eines vorgegebenen Gebiets (10) erkennt, die Aufenthaltszeit in diesem Gebiet bestimmt und bei Unter- bzw. Überschreiten einer Referenzzeit dieses anzeigt. 7. A device for through traffic detection with a built-in vehicle terminal (20) having a position determining system (28) and a computer unit (22) with memory (24), characterized in that the computer unit (22) is designed such that it is based the position of the vehicle detects a retraction and extension of a given area (10) determines the residence time in this area and indicates this when falling below or exceeding a reference time.
EP07703596A 2006-01-17 2007-01-03 Method and apparatus for identifying through traffic Not-in-force EP1979886B1 (en)

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WO2007082783A1 (en) 2007-07-26
US20100198487A1 (en) 2010-08-05
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US8489313B2 (en) 2013-07-16
CN101371281B (en) 2010-10-06
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ATE427541T1 (en) 2009-04-15
DE102006002376A1 (en) 2007-07-19

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