EP1689387B1 - Bicyclic inhibitors of mek and methods of synthesis thereof - Google Patents

Bicyclic inhibitors of mek and methods of synthesis thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1689387B1
EP1689387B1 EP04811726A EP04811726A EP1689387B1 EP 1689387 B1 EP1689387 B1 EP 1689387B1 EP 04811726 A EP04811726 A EP 04811726A EP 04811726 A EP04811726 A EP 04811726A EP 1689387 B1 EP1689387 B1 EP 1689387B1
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Prior art keywords
heteroaryl
aryl
alkyl
cycloalkyl
trifluoromethyl
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EP04811726A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1689387A2 (en
EP1689387A4 (en
Inventor
Eli Wallace
Hong Woon Yang
Joseph P. Lyssikatos
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Array Biopharma Inc
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Array Biopharma Inc
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    • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a series of novel heterocyclic compounds that are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases, such as cancer and inflammation, in mammals.
  • This invention also relates to such compounds for use in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases in mammals, especially humans, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.
  • MAP kinase pathway a pathway that MAP kinase pathway.
  • Ras/Raf kinase pathway Active GTP-bound Ras results in the activation and indirect phosphorylation of Raf kinase.
  • Raf then phosphorylates MBK1 and 2 on two serine residues (S218 and S222 for MBK1 and S222and S226 for MEK2) ( Ahn et al., Methods in Enzymology, 2001, 332, 417-431 ).
  • Activated MEK then phosphorylates its only known substrates, the MAP kinases, ERK1 and 2.
  • ERK phosphorylation by MEK occurs on Y204 and T202 for ERK1 and Y185 and T183 for ERK2 ( Ahn et al., Methods in Enzymology, 2001, 332, 417-431 ).
  • ERK Phosphorylated ERK dimerizes and then translocates to the nucleus where it accumulates ( Khokhlatchev et al., Cell, 1998, 93, 605-615 ). In the nucleus, ERK is involved in several important cellular functions,including, but not limited to, nuclear transport, signal transduction, DNA repair, nucleosome assembly and translocation, and mRNA processing and translation ( Ahn et al., Molecular Cell, 2000, 6, 1343-1354 ). Overall, treatment of cells with growth factors leads to the activation of ERK1 and 2 which results in proliferation and, in some cases, differentiation ( Lewis et al., Adv. Cancer Res., 1998, 74, 49-139 ).
  • bRaf mutations have been identified in more than 60% of malignant melanoma ( Davies, H. et al., Nature, 2002, 417, 949-954 ). These mutations in bRaf result in a constitutively active MAP kinase cascade. Studies of primary tumor samples and cell lines have also shown constitutive or overactivation of the MAP kinase pathway in cancers of pancreas, colon, lung, ovary and kidney ( Hoshino, R et al., Oncogene, 1999, 18, 813-822 ). Hence, there is a strong correlation between cancers and an overactive MAP kinase pathway resulting from genetic mutations.
  • MEK is a key player in this pathway as it is downstream of Ras and Raf. Additionally, it is an attractive therapeutic target because the only known substrates for MBK phosphorylation are the MAP kinases, ERK1 and 2. Inhibition of MEK has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefit in several studies.
  • small molecule MEK inhibitors have been shown to inhibit human tumor growth in nude mouse xenografts, ( Sebolt-Leopold et al., Nature-Medicine, 1999, 5 (7), 810-816 ; Trachet et al., AACR April 6-10, 2002, Poster #5426 ; Tecle, H., IBC 2nd International Conference of Protein Kinases, September 9-10, 2002 ), block static allodynia in animals ( WO 01/05390 published January 25, 2001 ) and inhibit growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells ( Milella et al., J. Clin. Invest., 2001,108 (6), 851-859 ).
  • WO 02/09681 discloses amino derivates of 2,3 - dihydrophthalazine-1,4-diones.
  • US 2003/0195183 discloses methods of immunocorection using amino derivation of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-diones.
  • This invention provides for novel heterocyclic compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof that are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of Formulas I-III that act as MEK inhibitors, as defined in claim 1 to 3.
  • Preferred embodiments are defined in claims 4 to 22.
  • one embodiment of the present invention provides compounds of the Formulas I-III:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 9 , R 20 and R 21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR 11 , -OR 3 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -OC(O)R 3 , -NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C
  • R 7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 7 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, triflu
  • alkynyl C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluommethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, NR 3 R 4 and OR 3 ;
  • R 10 and R 22 are independently hydrogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O) j (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), - S(O) j (CR 4 R 5 ) m -aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkeny
  • R 10 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR 11 , -OR 3 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -OC(O)R 3 , - NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , - NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cyclo, C 3 -
  • R 23 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, triflu
  • R 3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido,
  • R 3 and R 4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12 R 13 , -OR 11
  • R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , -NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12
  • R 6 is trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , -NR 11 C(O)OR 14 ,
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R 14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • R 11 , R 12 , R 13 or R 14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
  • n 1 or 2;
  • j 0, 1 or 2.
  • compositions that inhibit MEK comprising compounds of Formulas I-III.
  • the invention is also directed to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula I-III. Methods of making the compounds of Formula I-III are also described.
  • the presend disclosure regards a method of using the compounds of this invention to treat diseases or medical conditions mediated by MEK, such as cancer.
  • this invention provides a method for treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder or an inflammatory condition in a mammal, comprising administrating to said mammal one or more compounds of Formulas I-III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to treat said hyperproliferative disorder.
  • the present disclosure regards treating or preventing an MEK-mediated condition, comprising administering to a human or animal in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I-III or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to treat or prevent said MEK-mediated condition.
  • inventive compounds may further be used advantageously in combination with other known therapeutic agents.
  • the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound selected from compounds of Formulas I-III, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Figure 1 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compounds 5-6.
  • Figure 2 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compound 6.
  • Figure 3 and 4 show reaction schemes for the synthesis of compound 8.
  • Figure 5 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compounds 11-12.
  • inventive compounds of the Formulas I-III and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of this invention are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases.
  • one aspect the present invention relates to compounds of Formula I-III that act as MEK inhibitors.
  • one embodiment of the invention relates to compounds having the general Formula I as defined in claims
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 9 , R 20 and R 21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR 11 , -OR 3 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -OC(O)R 3 , -NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , .NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C
  • any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -OC(O)R 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR
  • R 7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, triflu
  • R 10 and R 22 are independently hydrogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O) j (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), -S(O) j (CR 4 R 5 ) m -aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alky
  • R 3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido,
  • R 3 and R 4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12 R 13 , -
  • R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11l R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12
  • R 6 is trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , -NR 11 C(O)OR 14 ,
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R 14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • R 11 , R 12 , R 13 or R 14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3,4 or 5;
  • n 1 or 2;
  • j 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figures 1-2 show non-limiting examples of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula I .
  • this invention further includes compounds of the general Formula II as defined in the claims
  • R 10 is as defined in claim 2;
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 9 , R 20 and R 21 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR 11 , -OR 3 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -OC(O)R 3 , - NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , - NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10
  • R 7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, triflu
  • R 3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylaikyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido,
  • R 3 and R 4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 (O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12 R 13 , -OR
  • R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11 C(NCN)NR 12 R
  • R 6 is trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylakyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , -NR 11 C(O)OR 14 ,
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R 14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • R 11 , R 12 , R 13 or R 14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, triffuoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
  • j 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figures 3-4 show non-limiting examples of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula II .
  • this invention relates to compounds of the general Formula III as defined in the claims:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 9 , R 20 and R 21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR 11 , -OR 3 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -OC(O)R 3 , -NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 3 R 4 , C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C
  • R 7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, OR 3 , NR 3 R 4 , aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy
  • R 23 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, triflu
  • R 3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloakylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido,
  • R 3 and R 4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 .
  • R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , - NR 11 C(O)OR 14 , -NR 11 C(O)R 12 , -C(O)NR 11 R 12 , -SR 11 , -S(O)R 14 , -SO 2 R 14 , -NR 11 R 12 , -NR 11 C(O)NR 12 R 13 , -NR 11l C(NCN)
  • R 6 is trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 11 SO 2 R 14 , -SO 2 NR 11 R 12 , -C(O)R 11 , C(O)OR 11 , -OC(O)R 11 , -NR 11 C(O)OR 14 ,
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R 14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • R 11 , R 12 , R 13 or R 14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluommethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
  • j 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figure 5 shows a non-limiting example of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula III .
  • C 1 -C 10 alkyl refers to a saturated linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical having one to ten carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described below.
  • alkyl groups include, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 3-methylpentyl, heptyl, octyl,
  • C 2 -C10 alkenyl refers to linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical having two to 10 carbon atoms and at least one double bond, and include, but is not limited to, ethenyl, propenyl, 1-but-3-enyl, 1-pent-3-enyl, 1-hex-5-enyl and the like, wherein the alkenyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein, and includes radicals having "cis” and “trans” orientations, or alternatively, "E” and “Z” orientations.
  • C 2 -C 10 alkynyl refers to a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to twelve carbon atoms containing at least one triple bond. Examples include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentyn-2-yl and the like, wherein the alkynyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein.
  • cycloalkyl refers to saturated or partially unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical having from three to ten carbon atoms.
  • cycloalkyl includes monocyclic and polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic and tricyclic) cycloalkyl structures, wherein the polycyclic structures optionally include a saturated or partially unsaturated cycloalkyl fused to a saturated or partially unsaturated cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl ring or an aryl or heteroaryl ring.
  • cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and the like.
  • the cycloalkyl may be optionally substituted independently in one or more substitutable positions with various groups.
  • such cycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted with, for example, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, mono(C 1 -C 6 )akylamino, di(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, amino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, mono(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or di(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl.
  • heteroalkyl refers to saturated linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one to twelve carbon atoms, wherein at least one of the carbon atoms is replaced with a heteroatom selected from N, O, or S, and wherein the radical may be a carbon radical or heteroatom radical (i.e., the heteroatom may appear in the middle or at the end of the radical).
  • the heteroalkyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein.
  • heteroalkyl encompasses alkoxy and heteroalkoxy radicals.
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic radical of 3 to 8 ring atoms in which at least one ring atom is a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the remaining ring atoms being C, where one or more ring atoms may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituent described below.
  • the radical may be a carbon radical or heteroatom radical.
  • the term further includes bicyclic and tricyclic fused ring systems which include a heterocycle fused one or more carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings.
  • Heterocycloalkyl also includes radicals where heterocycle radicals are fused with aromatic or heteroaromatic rings.
  • heterocycloalkyl rings include, but are not limited to, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl, thiazepinyl, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinyl, 2-pyrrolinyl, 3-pyrrolinyl, indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, dioxanyl, 1,3-dioxolany
  • Spiro moieties are also included within the scope of this definition.
  • the foregoing groups, as derived from the groups listed above, may be C-attached or N-attached where such is possible.
  • a group derived from pyrrole may be pyrrol-1-yl (N-attached) or pyrrol-3-yl (C-attached).
  • a group derived from imidazole may be imidazol-1-yl (N-attached) or imidazol-3-yl (C-attached).
  • heterocycle groups herein are unsubstituted or, as specified, substituted in one or more substitutable positions with various groups.
  • such heterocycle groups may be optionally substituted with, for example, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, mono(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino, di(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, amino(C 1 -C 6 )akyl, mono(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or di(C 1 -C 6 )alkylamino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl.
  • aryl refers to a monovalent aromatic carbocyclic radical having a single ring (e.g., phenyl), multiple rings (e.g., biphenyl), or multiple condensed rings in which at least one is aromatic, (e.g., 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, naphthyl), which is optionally mono-, di-, or trisubstituted with, e.g., halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and hydroxy.
  • heteroaryl refers to a monovalent aromatic radical of 5-, 6-, or 7-membered rings which includes fused ring systems (at least one of which is aromatic) of 5-10 atoms containing at least one and up to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.
  • heteroaryl groups are pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl,
  • Heteroaryl groups are optionally mono-, di-, or trisubstituted with, e.g., halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and hydroxy.
  • halogen represents fluorine, bromine, chlorine, and iodine.
  • arylalkyl means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with one or more aryl moiety (also as defined above). More preferred arylalkyl radicals are aryl-C 1-3 -alkyls. Examples include benzyl, phenylethyl, and the like.
  • heteroarylalkyl means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a heteroaryl moiety (also as defined above). More preferred heteroarylalkyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C 1-3 -alkyls. Examples include oxazolylmethyl, pyridylethyl and the like.
  • heterocyclylalkyl means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a heterocyclyl moiety (also defined above). More preferred heterocyclylalkyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl-C 1-3 -alkyls. Examples include tetrahydropyranylmethyl.
  • cycloalkylalkyl means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a cycloalkyl moiety (also defined above). More preferred heterocyclyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl-C 1-3 -alkyls. Examples include cyclopropylmethyl.
  • Me means methyl
  • Et means ethyl
  • Bu means butyl
  • Ac means acetyl
  • amino acid residue includes. but is not limited to, the 20 naturally occurring amino acids commonly designated by three letter symbols, and also includes 4-hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvaline, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, cirtulline, homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone.
  • substituents suitable for purposes of this invention include, but are not limited to, oxo (with the proviso that it is not on an aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR 4 SO 2 R 6 , -SO 2 NR 3 R 4 , -C(O)R 3 , -C(O)OR 3 , -OC(O)R 3 , -NR 4 C(O)OR 6 , -NR 4 C(O)R 3 , -C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(O)NR 3 R 4 , -NR 5 C(NCN)NR 3 R 4 , -OR 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, arylalky
  • radical arylalkyl is attached to the structure in question by the alkyl group.
  • R 4 and R 5 may vary with each iteration of m above 1.
  • R 4 and R 5 may vary with each iteration of m above 1.
  • m is 2
  • the term (CR 4 R 5 ) m may equal -CH 2 CH 2 - or -CH(CH 3 )C(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 )- or any number of similar moieties falling within the scope of the definitions of R 4 and R 5 .
  • the compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof.
  • the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers, diastereomers mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof.
  • this invention also includes all such isomers, including diastereomeric mixtures and pure enantiomers of the Formulas I-III.
  • Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallization.
  • Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomer mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., alcohol), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers.
  • an appropriate optically active compound e.g., alcohol
  • This invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of Formula I-III and methods of treating proliferative disorders, or abnormal cell growth, by administering compounds of the present invention.
  • Compounds of the present invention having free amino, amido, hydroxy or carboxylic groups can be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs.
  • a "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes salts that retain the biological effectiveness of the free acids and bases of the specified compound and that are not biologically or otherwise undesirable.
  • a compound ' of the invention may possess a sufficiently acidic, a sufficiently basic, or both functional groups, and accordingly react with any of a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable sale.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those salts prepared by reaction of the compounds of the present invention with a mineral or organic acid or an inorganic base, such salts including sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogenphosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyn-1,4-dioates, hexyne-1,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitromenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates,
  • the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of the free base with an acidic compound, particularly an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, an alphahydroxy acid, such as citric acid or tartaric acid, an amino acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid, an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or cinnamic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or ethanesulfonic acid, or the like.
  • an acidic compound particularly an in
  • the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method, for example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base.
  • Preferred inorganic salts are those formed with alkali and alkaline earth metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, barium and calcium.
  • Preferred organic base salts include, for example, ammonium, dibenzylammonium, benzylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium, phenylethylbenzylamine, dibenzylethylenediamine, and the like salts.
  • salts of acidic moieties may include, for example, those salts formed with procaine, quinine and N-methylglusoamine, plus salts formed with basic amino acids such as glycine, ornithine, histidine, phenylglycine, lysine and arginine.
  • inventive compounds may be prepared using the reaction routes and synthesis schemes as described below, employing the techniques available in the art using starting materials that are readily available or can be synthesized using methods known in the art.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the synthesis of compounds of Formula I of the present invention.
  • 2-Bromo-6-fluorobenzoic acid analog 2 can be prepared by deprotonation of 1-bromo-3-fluoro-benzene analog 1 with an amide base followed by quench with either solid or gaseous CO 2 in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, diethyl ether or MTBE at temperatures ranging from -78°C to ambient temperature.
  • the benzoic acid 2 can be made by deprotonation with freshly prepared LDA at low temperature (-20 to -78 °C) in THF following by a solid CO 2 quench.
  • Preparation of ester 3 is accomplished in a two-step procedure.
  • the appropriate aniline moiety can be incorporated by S N Ar reaction.
  • S N Ar reaction can be done in a suitable organic solvent such as THF using an amide base such as LDA, LiHMDS, NaHMDS or KHMDS at appropriate temperatures (-78 °C to room temperature).
  • a suitable organic solvent such as THF
  • an amide base such as LDA, LiHMDS, NaHMDS or KHMDS
  • the S N Ar addition is achieved by adding the benzoic acid 2 to a mixture of freshly prepared LDA and the appropriate aniline in THF at low temperature (-20 to -78 °C) and than allowing the reaction mixtures to warm to room temperature.
  • the next step in the synthesis of compound 6 is a standard esterification, which can be achieved by standard methods including but not to limited to Fisher esterification (MeOH, H 2 SO 4 ), reaction with TMSCHN 2 or TMSCI in MeOH.
  • the synthesis of keto acid derivative 4 can be accomplished in a three-step sequence. In the first step, palladium mediated alkyne cross-coupling reaction is used to generate the corresponding alkyne intermediate.
  • This palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction can be achieved by standard methods including, but not limited to, treating bromide 3 with desired alkyne, a palladium catalyst such as Pd(OAc) 2 and Ph 3 P, PdCl 2 (dppf), Pd(Ph 3 P) 2 Cl 2 , Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 , Pd 2 dba 3 and Ph 3 P, CuI, and amine base such as Et 3 N, Et 2 NH, or i- Pr 2 NH, in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, DMF, PhMe, DME or MeCN at elevated temperature.
  • a palladium catalyst such as Pd(OAc) 2 and Ph 3 P, PdCl 2 (dppf), Pd(Ph 3 P) 2 Cl 2 , Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 , Pd 2 dba 3 and Ph 3 P, CuI
  • amine base such as Et 3 N, Et 2 NH, or i- Pr 2 NH
  • the bromide 3 and alkyne are treated with Pd(Ph 3 P) 2 Cl 2 , CuI and amine base in THF or DMF at 50 to 100 °C.
  • the intermediate alkyne is hydrolysed to the corresponding ketone by standard methods including, but not limited to, H 2 SO 4 , TFA, trifluorosulfonamide, FeCl 3 or HgSO a /H 2 SO 4 .
  • the keto acid 4 is prepared by basic hydrolysis under standard conditions using either LiOH or NaOH in standard mixed aqueous/organic solvent systems.
  • Dihydro-isoindol-1-one 5 can be prepared by treatment of the ketone with hydroxylamine followed by reduction under standard conditions including, but not limited to, Zn dust in AcOH, or H 2 and catalytic Pd/C or PtO 2 , or Raney nickel. Preferably, this reduction can be accomplished with Zn dust in AcOH at elevated temperature (50 to 85 °C). To prepare derivatives where R 8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • Alkylation of dihydro-isoindol-1-one 5 to form substituted dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be accomplished by use of an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide and base such as LiH, NaH, or K 2 CO 3 in suitable organic solvent such as DMF, MeCN, or THF at temperatures ranging from 0 to 80 °C.
  • an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide and base such as LiH, NaH, or K 2 CO 3
  • suitable organic solvent such as DMF, MeCN, or THF at temperatures ranging from 0 to 80 °C.
  • substituted dihydro-isoindol-1-one 13 can be prepared directly from keto acid 4 under standard reduction amination conditions including, but not limited to, treatment with the appropriate amine, and reducing agent such as NaBH(OAc) 3 , NaBH 3 CN, or NaBH 4 with or without AcOH in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, MeCN or dioxane.
  • reducing agent such as NaBH(OAc) 3 , NaBH 3 CN, or NaBH 4 with or without AcOH in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, MeCN or dioxane.
  • Ester 7 can be prepared from bromide 3 by palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction with a variety of nucleophiles and palladium catalysts. Some of these methods include but not limited to Bu 3 SnCHR 10 R 22 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 in PhMe, R 10 R 22 CHB(OR) 2 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 or PdCl 2 (dppf) in dioxane or THF/water and K 2 CO 3 , R 10 R 22 CHBF 3 K, PdCl 2 (dppf) in i -PrOH/water and t -BuNH 2 , R 10 R 22 CHZnR, PdCl 2 (dppf) in dioxane or R 10 R 22 CH-Al-R 2 , PdCl 2 (dppf) and CeCl 3 in THF.
  • Dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be prepared by bromination of ester 7 followed by treatment with ammonia or a primary amine. Bromination of ester 7 can be accomplished using standard conditions such as NBS in a suitable organic solvent. Cyclization to form dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be achieved by treatment with ammonia or a primary amine in a suitable organic solvent at temperatures ranging from ambient to slightly elevated. Preferably, this cyclization is accomplished in an alcoholic solvent such as MeOH or EtOH. To prepare derivatives where R 8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the synthesis of compounds of Formula II of the present invention.
  • Cyclization to form phthalazin-1-one 8 can be accomplished by treating ketone 4 with substituted or unsubstituted hydrazine in a suitable organic solvent such as EtOH, i- PrOH, DMF, DME or mixtures thereof at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to about 100 °C.
  • a suitable organic solvent such as EtOH, i- PrOH, DMF, DME or mixtures thereof at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to about 100 °C.
  • R 8 is iodo or bromo
  • this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative preparation of compounds of Formula II of the present invention.
  • Aldehyde 9 can be formed in a two-step procedure from bromide 3.
  • Suzuki type palladium mediated vinyl boronic acid cross-coupling reaction of bromide 3 gives the corresponding styrene derivative.
  • This reaction can be accomplished with a variety of vinyl boronic acids and palladium catalysts in the presence of base in a suitable organic solvent such as PhMe, DME, DMF or THF at elevated temperature.
  • a suitable organic solvent such as PhMe, DME, DMF or THF at elevated temperature.
  • trans-2-phenylboronic acid is used with Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 and K 2 CO 3 in a mixture of DME and water at temperatures ranging from 60 to 105 °C.
  • the aldehyde is prepared by standard oxidative conditions including, but not limited to, O 3 /Me 2 S, O 3 /Ph 3 P or OsO 4 /NaIO 4 .
  • the aldehyde 9 can then be converted to phthalazin-1-one 8 by treatment with the appropriate hydrazine.
  • R 8 is iodo or bromo
  • this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • Hydrazide 10 can be prepared from bromide 3 by palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction. Preferably, this is accomplished by treatment of the bromide 3 with the appropriate t-butylcarbazate, Cs 2 CO 3 and catalytic Pd 2 (dba) 3 /dppf in PhMe at elevated temperature. Removal of the BOC protecting group under standard acidic conditions such as TFA in methylene chloride or HCl in dioxane or diethyl ether generates dihydro-indazol-3-one 11.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • said pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment of cancer such as brain, lung, squamous cell, bladder, gastic, pancreatic, breast, head, neck, renal, kidney, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, esophageal, testicular, gynecological or thyroid cancer.
  • said pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of pancreatitis or kidney disease (including proliferative glomerulonephritis and diabetes-induced renal disease) or the treatment of pain in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention of blastocyte implantation in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease related to vasculogenesis or angiogenesis in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • said pharmaceutical composition is for treating a disease selected from the group consisting of tumor angiogenesis, chronic inflammatory disease or other inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, glioma, melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and ovarian, breast, lung, pancreatic, prostate, colon and epidermoid cancer.
  • a disease selected from the group consisting of tumor angiogenesis, chronic inflammatory disease or other inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma
  • diabetes diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof.
  • said method relates to the treatment of cancer such as brain, lung, squamous cell, bladder, gastric, pancreatic, breast, head, neck, renal, kidney, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, esophageal, testicular, gynecological or thyroid cancer.
  • said method relates to the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • the disclosure also relates to a method for the treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, in combination with an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating pancreatitis or kidney disease in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a method of preventing blastocyte implantation in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating diseases related to vasculogenesis or angiogenesis in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
  • said method is for treating a disease selected from the group consisting of tumor angiogenesis, chronic inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, glioma, melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and ovarian, breast, lung, pancreatic, prostate, colon and epidermoid cancer.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease or condition related to inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious disease, viral disease, fibrotic disease or neurodegenerative disease in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • diseases and/or conditions include but is not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes and diabetic complications, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, allergic responses including asthma allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, renal disease and renal failure, polycystic kidney disease, acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, neurofibromatosis, organ transplant rejection, cachexia and pain.
  • Patients that can be treated with compounds of the present invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, of said compounds, according to the methods of this invention include, for example, patients that have been diagnosed as having psoriasis, restenosis, atherosclerosis, BPH, lung cancer, bone cancer, CMML, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head and neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, testicular, gynecologic tumors (e.g., uterine sarcomas, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina or carcinoma of the vulva), Hodgkin's disease, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system (e.g., cancer of the thyroid, parathyroid or adrenal glands), sarcomas
  • This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprises an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with an amount of a chemotherapeutic, wherein the amounts of the compound, salt, solvate, or prodrug, and of the chemotherapeutic are together effective in inhibiting abnormal cell growth.
  • chemotherapeutics are presently known in the art.
  • the chemotherapeutic is selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • This disclosure further relates to a method for inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal or treating a hyperproliferative disorder which method comprises administering to the mammal an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with radiation therapy, wherein the amounts of the compound, salt, solvate, or prodrug, is in combination with the radiation therapy effective in inhibiting abnormal cell growth or treating the hyperproliferative disorder in the mammal.
  • Techniques for administering radiation therapy are known in the art, and these techniques can be used in the combination therapy described herein.
  • the administration of the compound of the invention in this combination therapy can be determined as described herein.
  • this invention further relates to a method for sensitizing abnormal cells in a mammal to treatment with radiation which comprises administering to the mammal an amount of a compound of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or prodrug thereof, which amount is effective is sensitizing abnormal cells to treatment with radiation.
  • the amount of the compound, or salt, in this method can be determined according to the means for ascertaining effective amounts of such compounds described herein.
  • the disclosure also relates to a method of and to a pharmaceutical composition of inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprises an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or an isotopically-labeled derivative thereof, and an amount of one or more substances selected from anti-angiogenesis agents, signal transduction inhibitors, and antiproliferative agents.
  • Anti-angiogenesis agents such as MMP-2 (matrix-metalloprotienase 2) inhibitors, MMP-9 (matrix-metalloprotienase 9) inhibitors, and COX-II (cyclooxygenase II) inhibitors, can be used in conjunction with a compound of the present invention and pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
  • MMP-2 matrix-metalloprotienase 2
  • MMP-9 matrix-metalloprotienase 9
  • COX-II cyclooxygenase II
  • Examples of useful COX-II inhibitors include CELEBREX TM (alecoxib), valdecoxib, and rofecoxib.
  • MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitors are those that have little or no activity inhibiting MMP-1. More preferred, are those that selectively inhibit MAP-2 and/or MMP-9 relative to the other matrix-metalloproteinases (i.e., MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, and MMP-13).
  • MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, and MMP-13 matrix-metalloproteinases
  • abnormal cell growth and “hyperproliferative disorder” are used interchangeably in this application.
  • abnormal cell growth refers to cell growth that is independent of normal regulatory mechanisms (e.g., loss of contact inhibition). This includes, for example, the abnormal growth of (1) tumor cells (tumors) that proliferate by expressing a mutated tyrosine kinase or overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase; (2) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant tyrosine kinase activation occurs; (3) any tumors that proliferate by receptor tyrosine kinases; (4) any tumors that proliferate by aberrant serine/threonine kinase activation; and (5) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant serine/theroine kinase activation occurs.
  • treating means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which such term applies, or one or more symptoms of such disorder or condition.
  • treatment refers to the act of treating as “treating” is defined immediately above.
  • Treating is intended to mean at least the mitigation of a disease condition in a mammal, such as a human, that is affected, at least in part, by the activity of MEK, and includes, but is not limited to, preventing the disease condition from occurring in a mammal, particularly when the mammal is found to be predisposed to having the disease condition but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; modulating and/or inhibiting the disease condition; and/or alleviating the disease condition.
  • a pharmaceutical composition that comprises a compound of the Formula I-III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
  • a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a compound of Formula I-III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof is preferably intimately admixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier according to conventional pharmaceutical compounding techniques to produce a dose.
  • a carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration, e.g., oral or parenteral.
  • suitable carriers include any and all solvents, dispersion media, adjuvants, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, sweeteners, stabilizers (to promote long term storage), emulsifiers, binding agents, thickening agents, salts, preservatives, solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, flavoring agents, and miscellaneous materials such as buffers and absorbents that may be needed in order to prepare a particular therapeutic composition.
  • suitable carriers include any and all solvents, dispersion media, adjuvants, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, sweeteners, stabilizers (to promote long term storage), emulsifiers, binding agents, thickening agents, salts, preservatives, solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, flavoring agents,
  • compositions of the invention may be in a form suitable for oral use (for example as tablets, lozenges, hard or soft capsules, aqueous or oily suspensions, emulsions, dispersible powders or granules, syrups or elixirs), for topical use (for example as creams, ointments, gels, or aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions), for administration by inhalation (for example as a finely divided powder or a liquid aerosol), for administration by insufflation (for example as a finely divided powder) or for parenteral administration (for example as a sterile aqueous or oily solution for intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular dosing or as a suppository for rectal dosing).
  • compositions intended for oral use may contain, for example, one or more coloring, sweetening, flavoring and/or preservative agents.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients for a tablet formulation include, for example, inert diluents such as lactose, sodium carbonate, calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate, granulating and disintegrating agents such as corn starch or algenic acid; binding agents such as starch; lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc; preservative agents such as ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, and anti-oxidants, such as ascorbic acid. Tablet formulations may be uncoated or coated either to modify their disintegration and the subsequent absorption of the active ingredient within the gastrointestinal tract, or to improve their stability and/or appearance, in either case, using conventional coating agents and procedures well known in the art.
  • inert diluents such as lactose, sodium carbonate, calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate
  • granulating and disintegrating agents such as corn starch or algenic acid
  • binding agents such as starch
  • Compositions for oral use may be in the form of hard gelatin capsules in which the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules in which the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • an inert solid diluent for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin
  • water or an oil such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • Aqueous suspensions generally contain the active ingredient in finely powdered form together with one or more suspending agents, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose. methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents such as lecithin or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids (for example polyoxethylene stearate), or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • suspending agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose. methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium al
  • the aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives (such as ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, anti-oxidants (such as ascorbic acid), coloring agents, flavoring agents, and/or sweetening agents (such as sucrose, saccharine or aspartame).
  • preservatives such as ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, anti-oxidants (such as ascorbic acid), coloring agents, flavoring agents, and/or sweetening agents (such as sucrose, saccharine or aspartame).
  • Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil (such as arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil) or in a mineral oil (such as liquid paraffin).
  • the oily suspensions may also contain a thickening agent such as beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set out above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
  • Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water generally contain the active ingredient together with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients such as sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil-in-water emulsions.
  • the oily phase may be a vegetable oil, such as olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, such as for example liquid paraffin or a mixture of any of these.
  • Suitable emulsifying agents may be, for example, naturally-occurring gums such as gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides such as soya bean, lecithin, an esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides (for example sorbitan monooleate) and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • the emulsions may also contain sweetening, flavoring and preservative agents.
  • Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents such as glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, aspartame or sucrose, and may also contain a demulcent, preservative, flavoring and/or coloring agent.
  • sweetening agents such as glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, aspartame or sucrose, and may also contain a demulcent, preservative, flavoring and/or coloring agent.
  • compositions may also be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oily suspension, which may be formulated according to known procedures using one or more of the appropriate dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents, which have been mentioned above.
  • a sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example a solution in 1,3-butanediol.
  • Suppository formulations may be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug.
  • suitable excipients include, for example, cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
  • Topical formulations such as creams, ointments, gels and aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions, may generally be obtained by formulating an active ingredient with a conventional, topically acceptable, vehicle or diluent using conventional procedures well known in the art.
  • compositions for administration by insufflation may be in the form of a finely divided powder containing particles of average diameter of, for example, 30 ⁇ m or much less, the powder itself comprising either active ingredient alone or diluted with one or more physiologically acceptable carriers such as lactose.
  • the powder for insufflation is then conveniently retained in a capsule containing, for example, 1 to 50 mg of active ingredient for use with a turbo-inhaler device, such as is used for insufflation of the known agent sodium cromoglycate.
  • Compositions for administration by inhalation may be in the form of a conventional pressurized aerosol arranged to dispense the active ingredient either as an aerosol containing finely divided solid or liquid droplets.
  • Conventional aerosol propellants such as volatile fluorinated hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons may be used and the aerosol device is conveniently arranged to dispense a metered quantity of active ingredient.
  • an effective dosage is in the range of about 0.001 to about 100 mg per kg body weight per day, preferably about 1 to about 35 mg/kg/day, in single or divided doses. For a 70 kg human, this would amount to about 0.05 to 7 g/day, preferably about 0.05 to about 2.5 g/day.
  • dosage levels below the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more than adequate, while in other cases still larger doses may be employed without causing any harmful side effect, provided that such larger doses are first divided into several small doses for administration throughout the day.
  • the size of the dose for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes of a compound of Formula I-III will naturally vary according to the nature and severity of the conditions, the age and sex of the animal or patient and the route of administration, according to well known principles of medicine.
  • the compounds of this invention may be used alone in combination with other drugs and therapies used in the treatment of disease states which would benefit from the inhibition of MEK.
  • Such treatment may involve, in addition to the compounds of the invention, conventional surgery or radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
  • Such chemotherapy may include one or more of the following categories of anti-tumor agents:
  • antiproliferative/anti-neoplastic drugs and combinations thereof, as used in medical oncology such as alkylating agents (for example, cis-platin, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, nitorgen mustard, melphalan, chlorambucil, busulphan and nitorsoureas); anti-metabolites (for example, antifolates such as such as fluoropyrimidines like 5-fluorouracil and tegafur, raltitrexed, methotrexate, cytosine arabinside, hydroxyurea, or, one of the preferred anti-metabolites disclosed in European Patent Application No.
  • alkylating agents for example, cis-platin, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, nitorgen mustard, melphalan, chlorambucil, busulphan and nitorsoureas
  • anti-metabolites for example, antifolates such as such as fluoropyrimidines
  • antitumor antibiotics for example, anthracyclines like adriamycin, bleomycin, doxorubicin, daunomycin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitomycin-C, dactinomycin and mithramycin
  • antimitotic agents for example, vinca alkaloids like vincristine, vinblastine, vindesine and vinorelbine and taxoids like taxol and taxotere
  • topoisomerase inhibitors for example epipodophyllotoxins like eptoposide and teniposide, amsacrine, topotecan and campothecin:
  • cytostatic agents such as antiestrogens (for example, tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, droloxifene and iodoxyfene), estrogen receptor down regulators (for example, fulvestratrant) antiandrogens (for example, bicalutamide, flutamide, nilutamide, cyproxerone acetate and Casodex TM (4'-cyano-3-(4-fluorophenylsulphonyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3'-(trifluoromethyl)propionanilide)), LHRH antagonists or LHRH agonists (for example, goserelin, leuporelin and buserelin), progestogens (for example, megestrol acetate), aromatase inhibitors (for example, asanastrozole, letrozole, vorazole and exemestane) and inhibitors of 5 ⁇ -reductase
  • agents which inhibit cancer cell invasion for example, metalloproteinase inhibitors like marimastat and inhibitors of urokinase plasminogne activator receptor function;
  • inhibitors of growth factor function like growth factor antibodies, growth factor receptor antibodies (for example, the anti-erbB2 antibody trastumuzab [Herceptin TM ] and the anti-erbB1 antibody cetuximab [C225]), farnesyl transferase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and serine-threonine kinase inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor family tyrosine kinases such as N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazolin-4-amine (gefitinib, AZD1839), N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-amine (erlotinib, OSI-774) and 6-acrylamido-N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-
  • antiangiogenic agents such as those which inhibit the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (for example, the anti-vascular endothelial cell growth factor antibody bevacizumab [Avastin TM ], compounds such as those disclosed in PCT Publication Nos. WO 97/22596 , WO 97/30035 , WO 97/32856 , and WO 98/13354 ) and compounds that work by other mechanisms (for example, linomide, inhibitors of integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 function, MMP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors and angiostatin);
  • vascular endothelial growth factor for example, the anti-vascular endothelial cell growth factor antibody bevacizumab [Avastin TM ]
  • compounds that work by other mechanisms for example, linomide, inhibitors of integrin ⁇ v ⁇ 3 function, MMP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors and angiostatin
  • vascular damaging agents such as Combretastatin A4 and compounds disclosed in PCT Publication Nos. WO 99/02166 , WO 0/40529 , WO 00/41669 , WO 01/92224 ; WO 02/04434 , and WO 02/08213 ;
  • antisense therapies for example, those which are directed to the targets listed above such as ISIS 2503, and anti-ras antisense);
  • gene therapy approaches including for example GVAX TM , approaches to replace aberrant genes such as aberrant p53 or aberrant BRCA1 or BRCA2, GDEPT (gene-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy) approaches such as those using cytosine deaminase, thymidine kinase or a bacterial nitroreductase enzyme and approaches to increase patient tolerance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy such as multi-drug resistance gene therapy;
  • immunotherapy approaches including for example ex-vivo and in-vivo approaches to increase the immunogenicity of patient tumor cells, such as transfection with cytokines such as interleukin 2, interleukin 4 or granulocyte-macmphage colony stimulating factor, approaches to decrease T-cell anergy, approaches to using transfected immune cells such as cytokine-transfected dendritic cells, approaches using cytoldne-transfected tumor cell lines and approaches using anti-idiotypic antibodies.
  • cytokines such as interleukin 2, interleukin 4 or granulocyte-macmphage colony stimulating factor
  • Such conjoint treatment may be achieved by way of the simultaneous, sequential or separate dosing of the individual components of treatment.
  • Such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dose range described hereinbefore and the other pharmaceutically active agent within its approved dose range.
  • a pharmaceutical product comprising a compound of Formula I-III as defined hereinbefore and an additional anti-tumor agent as defined hereinbefore for the conjoint treatment of cancer.
  • the compounds of Formula I-III are primarily of value as therapeutic agents for use in warm-blooded animals (including man), they are also useful whenever it is required to inhibit the effects of MEK. Thus, they are useful as pharmacological standards for use in the development of new biological tests and in the search for new pharmacological agents.
  • the activity of the compounds of the present invention may be determined by the following procedure. N-terminal 6 His-tagged, constitutively active MEK-1 (2-393) is expressed in E. coli and protein is purified by conventional methods ( Ahn et al., Science 1994, 265, 966-970 ). The activity of MEK1 is assessed by measuring the incorporation of ⁇ - 33 P-phosphate from ⁇ - 33 P-ATP onto N-terminal His tagged ERK2, which is expressed in E . coli and is purified by conventional methods, in the presence of MEK-1. The assay is carried out in 96-well polypropylene plate.
  • the incubation mixture (100 ⁇ L) comprises of 25 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 5 mM ⁇ -glycerolphosphate, 100 ⁇ M Na-orthovanadate, 5 mM DTT, 5 nM MEK1, and 1 ⁇ M ERK2.
  • Inhibitors are suspended in DMSO, and all reactions, including controls are performed at a final concentration of 1% DMSO. Reactions are initiated by the addition of 10 ⁇ M ATP (with 0.5 ⁇ Ci ⁇ - 33 P-ATP/well) and incubated at ambient temperature for 45 minutes. Equal volume of 25% TCA is added to stop the reaction and precipitate the proteins.
  • Precipitated proteins are trapped onto glass fiber B filterplates, and excess labeled ATP washed off using a Tomtec MACH III harvestor. Plates are allowed to air-dry prior to adding 30 ⁇ L/well of Packard Microscint 20, and plates are counted using a Packard TopCount. In this assay, compounds of the invention exhibited an IC 50 of less than 50 micromolar.
  • Representative compounds of the present invention which are encompassed by the present invention include, the compounds of the examples and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts thereof.
  • the examples presented below are intended to illustrate particular embodiments of the invention.
  • reaction flasks were typically fitted with rubber septa for the introduction of substrates and reagents via syringe. Glassware was oven dried and/or heat dried.
  • 1 H-NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian instrument operating at 400 MHz. 1 H-NMR spectra were obtained as CDCl 3 solutions (reported in ppm), using chloroform as the reference standard (7.25 ppm). Other NMR solvents were used as needed. When peak multiplicities are reported, the following abbreviations are used: s (singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), m (multiple), br (broadened), dd (doublet of doublets), dt (doublet of triplets). Coupling constants, when given, are reported in Hertz (Hz).
  • Step A Preparation of 6-bromo-2,3,4-trifluorobenzoic acid.
  • i-Pr 2 NH 3.65 mL, 25.8 mmol
  • n-BuLi 10.3 mL, 25.8 mmol, 2.50 M solution in hexanes
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to -78 °C.
  • a solution of 5-bromo-1,2,3-trifluorobenzene (5.00 g, 23.7 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added.
  • Step B Preparation of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3 4-difluorobenzoic acid.
  • i-Pr 2 NH 5.83 mL, 41.2 mmol
  • THF 16 mL
  • n-BuLi 16.4 mL, 41.1 mmol, 2.5 M solution in hexanes.
  • 2-Chloroaniline (2.89 mL, 27.5 mmol) was added.
  • Step C Preparation of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3.4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester .
  • 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid (3.18 g, 8.77 mmol) in THF-MeOH (16 mL/5 mL) was added TMSCHN 2 (5.30 mL, 10.6 mmol, 2M solution in hexanes) at room temperature.
  • TMSCHN 2 5.30 mL, 10.6 mmol, 2M solution in hexanes
  • the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour, quenched with AcOH, and diluted with EtOAc.
  • the organic layer was washed with water, saturated NaHCO 3 (2x), and brine.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product (3.31 g, 100%) that was used directly
  • Step D Preparation of 2-(2-chlomphenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-trimethylsilanylethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester .
  • Step E Preparation of 6-acetvl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester.
  • the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc-THF, and washed with water and brine.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (8% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford the desired product (496 mg, 58%).
  • Step F Preparation of 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)3,4-difluorobenzoic acid .
  • 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlomphenylamino)3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester 200 mg, 0.59 mmol
  • 1 M aqueous LiOH 1.21 mL, 1.21 mmol
  • the reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, acidified to pH 1 with 1 N aqueous HCl, and extracted with EtOAc.
  • the combined organic layers were dried over MgSO 4 filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired acid (166 mg, 86%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step G Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methylbenzor[d][1,2]oxazin-1-one.
  • 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid 50 mg, 0.15 mmol
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride 11 mg, 0.15 mmol
  • MeOH-H 2 O 1 mL/0.5 mL
  • TEA 0.022 mL, 0.15 mmol
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% CH 2 Cl 2 ) to afford the desired product (26.8 mg, 54%).
  • Step H Preparation of 7-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one.
  • a mixture solution of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-benzo[d][1,2]oxazin-1-one (26 mg, 0.079 mmol) and Zn (30 mg, 0.46 mmol) in AcOH (2 mL) was heated for 1 hour at 85 °C.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with additional AcOH.
  • the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc, and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 and water.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (18 mg, 74%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step I Preparation of 7-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one.
  • a solution of 7-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (18 mg, 0.059 mmol), NIS (17 mg, 0.074 mmol), and p-TsOH-H 2 O (24 mg, 0.12 mmol) in THF-MeOH (1 mL/1 mL) was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature.
  • Step A Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one.
  • 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid 62 mg, 0.19 mmol, prepared by the procedures described in Example 1
  • hydrazine monohydrate 0.031 mL, 0.63 mmol
  • 1 N aqueous HCl 0.15 mL, 0.15 mmol
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and washed with water (2x) and brine.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (53 mg, 86%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step B Preparation of 8-(2-chloro-4-iodonhenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one.
  • a mixture of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one (30 mg, 0.093 mmol) and NIS (24 mg, 0.11 mmol) in AcOH-THF (2 mL/0.5 mL) was heated at 85°C for 3 minutes The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and washed with water.
  • Step A Preparation of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-styryl-benzoic acid methyl ester: Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 (0.313 g, 0.271 mmol) and trans-2-phenylvinylboronic acid (1.105 g, 7.468 mmol) were added to a mixture of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (2.00 g, 5.31 mmol) in 35 mL DME and 8 mL 2.0 M aqueous K 2 CO 3 solution. The reaction mixture was heated under a N 2 atmosphere to 90 °C and stirred for 16 hours.
  • Step B Preparation of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-formylbenzoic acid methyl ester: A mixture of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-styrylbenzoic acid methyl ester (1.20 g, 3.00 mmol), 2.5% OsO 4 solution in t-BuOH (2.0 mL, 0.165 mmol) and NMO (0.435 g, 3.60 mmol) in 30 mL of 1:1 THF/water was stirred for 1 hour. Sodium periodate (0.963 g, 4.50 mmol) was added.
  • Step C Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one: A mixture of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-formyl benzoic acid methyl ester (0.400 mg, 1.228 mmol) and 2-hydroxyethyl hydrazine (0.102 mL, 1.351 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was heated at reflux under N 2 for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a yellow precipitate formed which was collected by filtration. The yellow solid was washed with EtOH and dried to yield 0.128 g (30%) pure desired product..
  • Step D 8-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one was prepared from 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one by the method described in Step B of Example 3.
  • Step A Preparation of 6-(N'-tert-butoxycarbonyl-hydrazino)-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester: Pd 2 (dba) 3 (4 mol %), t-butylcarbazate (4.00 equivalents), dppf (12 mol %) and Cs 2 CO 3 (1.00 equivalent) are added to a solution of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (1.00 equivalent) in PhMe. The reaction mixture is heated in a sealed vial charged under a N 2 atmosphere to 100 °C and stirred for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture is diluted with methylene chloride and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure. The product is purified by trituration or flash column chromatography if further purification is necessary.
  • Step B Preparation of 4-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydroindazol-3-one: 6-(N'-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydrazino)-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (1.00 equivalent) is treated with a 1:1 mixture of methylene chloride and TFA and stirred for 2 hours The reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the product is purified by trituration or flash column chromatography if needed.
  • Step C 4-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one is prepared from 4-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one by the method described in Step B of Example 3.

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Abstract

Disclosed are compounds of the Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 , W, X and Y are as defined in the specification. Such compounds are MEK inhibitors and useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases, such as cancer and inflammation, in mammals, and inflammatory conditions. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases in mammals and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
  • This invention relates to a series of novel heterocyclic compounds that are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases, such as cancer and inflammation, in mammals. This invention also relates to such compounds for use in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases in mammals, especially humans, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.
    • 2. Description of the state of the art
  • Cell signaling through growth factor receptors and protein kinases is an important regulator of cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. In normal cell growth, growth factors, through receptor activation (i.e., PDGF or EGF and others), activate MAP kinase pathways. One of the most important and most well understood MAP kinase pathways involved in normal and uncontrolled cell growth is the Ras/Raf kinase pathway. Active GTP-bound Ras results in the activation and indirect phosphorylation of Raf kinase. Raf then phosphorylates MBK1 and 2 on two serine residues (S218 and S222 for MBK1 and S222and S226 for MEK2) (Ahn et al., Methods in Enzymology, 2001, 332, 417-431). Activated MEK then phosphorylates its only known substrates, the MAP kinases, ERK1 and 2. ERK phosphorylation by MEK occurs on Y204 and T202 for ERK1 and Y185 and T183 for ERK2 (Ahn et al., Methods in Enzymology, 2001, 332, 417-431). Phosphorylated ERK dimerizes and then translocates to the nucleus where it accumulates (Khokhlatchev et al., Cell, 1998, 93, 605-615). In the nucleus, ERK is involved in several important cellular functions,including, but not limited to, nuclear transport, signal transduction, DNA repair, nucleosome assembly and translocation, and mRNA processing and translation (Ahn et al., Molecular Cell, 2000, 6, 1343-1354). Overall, treatment of cells with growth factors leads to the activation of ERK1 and 2 which results in proliferation and, in some cases, differentiation (Lewis et al., Adv. Cancer Res., 1998, 74, 49-139).
  • In proliferative diseases, genetic mutations and/or overexpression of the growth factor receptors, downstream signaling proteins, or protein kinases involved in the ERK kinase pathway lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and, eventually, tumor formation. For example, some cancers contain mutations which result in the continuous activation of this pathway due to continuous production of growth factors. Other mutations can lead to defects in the deactivation of the activated GTP-bound Ras complex, again resulting in activation of the MAP kinase pathway. Mutated, oncogenic forms of Ras are found in 50% of colon and >90% pancreatic cancers as well as many others types of cancers (Kohl et al., Science, 1993, 260, 1834-1837). Recently, bRaf mutations have been identified in more than 60% of malignant melanoma (Davies, H. et al., Nature, 2002, 417, 949-954). These mutations in bRaf result in a constitutively active MAP kinase cascade. Studies of primary tumor samples and cell lines have also shown constitutive or overactivation of the MAP kinase pathway in cancers of pancreas, colon, lung, ovary and kidney (Hoshino, R et al., Oncogene, 1999, 18, 813-822). Hence, there is a strong correlation between cancers and an overactive MAP kinase pathway resulting from genetic mutations.
  • As constitutive or overactivation of MAP kinase cascade plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and differentiation, inhibition of this pathway is believed to be beneficial in hyperproliferative diseases. MEK is a key player in this pathway as it is downstream of Ras and Raf. Additionally, it is an attractive therapeutic target because the only known substrates for MBK phosphorylation are the MAP kinases, ERK1 and 2. Inhibition of MEK has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefit in several studies. For example, small molecule MEK inhibitors have been shown to inhibit human tumor growth in nude mouse xenografts, (Sebolt-Leopold et al., Nature-Medicine, 1999, 5 (7), 810-816; Trachet et al., AACR April 6-10, 2002, Poster #5426; Tecle, H., IBC 2nd International Conference of Protein Kinases, September 9-10, 2002), block static allodynia in animals ( WO 01/05390 published January 25, 2001 ) and inhibit growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells (Milella et al., J. Clin. Invest., 2001,108 (6), 851-859).
  • Small molecule inhibitors of MEK have been disclosed, including in U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2003/0232869 , 2004/0116710 , and 2003/0216460 , and U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 10/654,580 and 10/929,295 , each of which is hereby incorporated by reference. At least fifteen additional patent applications have appeared in the last several years. See, for example: U.S. Patent No. 5,525,625 ; WO 98/43960 ; WO 99/01421 ; WO 99/01426 ; WO 00/41505 ; WO 00/42002 ; WO 00/42003 ; WO 00/41994 ; WO 00/42022 ; WO 00/42029 ; WO 00/68201 ; WO 01/68619 ; WO 02/06213 ; WO 03/077914 ; and WO 03/077855 . WO 02/09681 discloses amino derivates of 2,3 - dihydrophthalazine-1,4-diones. US 2003/0195183 discloses methods of immunocorection using amino derivation of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-diones. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention provides for novel heterocyclic compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof that are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases. Specifically, one aspect the present invention relates to compounds of Formulas I-III that act as MEK inhibitors, as defined in claim 1 to 3. Preferred embodiments are defined in claims 4 to 22.
  • More specifically, one embodiment of the present invention provides compounds of the Formulas I-III:
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002
    Figure imgb0003
  • and pharmaceutically accepted salts thereof, as defined in the claims wherein
  • R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R3)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4(C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C7-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14 , -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10. alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluommethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • where for Formula I, R10 and R22 are independently hydrogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), - S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4,-NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • and where for Formula II, R10 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, - NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, - NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloallcyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R23 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12 , -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, _SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12 R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13,-NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl,
  • or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
  • R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11 , aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
  • n is 1 or 2; and
  • j is 0, 1 or 2.
  • In a further aspect the present invention provides compositions that inhibit MEK comprising compounds of Formulas I-III.
  • The invention is also directed to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula I-III. Methods of making the compounds of Formula I-III are also described.
  • In a further aspect the presend disclosure regards a method of using the compounds of this invention to treat diseases or medical conditions mediated by MEK, such as cancer. For example, this invention provides a method for treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder or an inflammatory condition in a mammal, comprising administrating to said mammal one or more compounds of Formulas I-III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to treat said hyperproliferative disorder.
  • In a further aspect the present disclosure regards treating or preventing an MEK-mediated condition, comprising administering to a human or animal in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I-III or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to treat or prevent said MEK-mediated condition.
  • The inventive compounds may further be used advantageously in combination with other known therapeutic agents.
  • The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound selected from compounds of Formulas I-III, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
    • In the Figures:
  • Figure 1 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compounds 5-6.
  • Figure 2 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compound 6.
  • Figure 3 and 4 show reaction schemes for the synthesis of compound 8.
  • Figure 5 shows a reaction scheme for the synthesis of compounds 11-12.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The inventive compounds of the Formulas I-III and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of this invention are useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases. Specifically, one aspect the present invention relates to compounds of Formula I-III that act as MEK inhibitors. In general, one embodiment of the invention relates to compounds having the general Formula I as defined in claims
    Figure imgb0004
  • and pharmaceutically accepted salts thereof, wherein:
  • R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, .NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl. -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4 -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4, alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R10 and R22 are independently hydrogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylakyl,
  • or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
  • R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11lR12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • m is 0, 1, 2, 3,4 or 5;
  • n is 1 or 2; and
  • j is 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figures 1-2 show non-limiting examples of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula I.
  • In addition to compounds of the general Formula I, this invention further includes compounds of the general Formula II as defined in the claims
    Figure imgb0005
  • and pharmaceutically accepted salts thereof, where: R10 is as defined in claim 2;
  • R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, - NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, - NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluommethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylaikyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, - NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryle, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl,
  • or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
  • R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylakyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, triffuoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and
  • j is 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figures 3-4 show non-limiting examples of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula II.
  • In another embodiment, this invention relates to compounds of the general Formula III as defined in the claims:
    Figure imgb0006
  • and pharmaceutically accepted salts, prodrugs and solvates thereof, where:
  • R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, OR3, NR3R4, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocyaoalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R23 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
  • R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloakylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11lR12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, - NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14. -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
  • R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11lC(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
  • or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4 to 10 membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluommethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
  • m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and
  • j is 0, 1 or 2.
  • Figure 5 shows a non-limiting example of the synthesis of compounds of this invention having the general Formula III.
  • The terms "C1-C10 alkyl", "alkyl" and "lower alkyl" as used herein refer to a saturated linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical having one to ten carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described below. Examples of alkyl groups include, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 3-methylpentyl, heptyl, octyl,
  • The terms "C2-C10 alkenyl", "lower alkenyl" and "alkenyl" refer to linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical having two to 10 carbon atoms and at least one double bond, and include, but is not limited to, ethenyl, propenyl, 1-but-3-enyl, 1-pent-3-enyl, 1-hex-5-enyl and the like, wherein the alkenyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein, and includes radicals having "cis" and "trans" orientations, or alternatively, "E" and "Z" orientations.
  • The terms "C2-C10 alkynyl," "lower alkynyl" and "alkynyl" refer to a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to twelve carbon atoms containing at least one triple bond. Examples include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentyn-2-yl and the like, wherein the alkynyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein.
  • The term "allyl" refers to a radical having the formula RC=HCHR, wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or any substituent as defined herein, wherein the allyl may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein.
  • The terms "carbocycle," "carbocyclyl," "cycloalkyl" or "C3-C10 cycloalkyl" refer to saturated or partially unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical having from three to ten carbon atoms. The term "cycloalkyl" includes monocyclic and polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic and tricyclic) cycloalkyl structures, wherein the polycyclic structures optionally include a saturated or partially unsaturated cycloalkyl fused to a saturated or partially unsaturated cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl ring or an aryl or heteroaryl ring. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and the like. The cycloalkyl may be optionally substituted independently in one or more substitutable positions with various groups. For example, such cycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted with, for example, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, mono(C1-C6)akylamino, di(C1-C6)alkylamino, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, amino(C1-C6)alkyl, mono(C1-C6)alkylamino(C1-C6)alkyl or di(C1-C6)alkylamino(C1-C6)alkyl.
  • The term "heteroalkyl" refers to saturated linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one to twelve carbon atoms, wherein at least one of the carbon atoms is replaced with a heteroatom selected from N, O, or S, and wherein the radical may be a carbon radical or heteroatom radical (i.e., the heteroatom may appear in the middle or at the end of the radical). The heteroalkyl radical may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents described herein. The term "heteroalkyl" encompasses alkoxy and heteroalkoxy radicals.
  • The terms "heterocycloalkyl," "heterocycle" or "hetercyclyl" refer to a saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic radical of 3 to 8 ring atoms in which at least one ring atom is a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the remaining ring atoms being C, where one or more ring atoms may be optionally substituted independently with one or more substituent described below. The radical may be a carbon radical or heteroatom radical. The term further includes bicyclic and tricyclic fused ring systems which include a heterocycle fused one or more carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings. "Heterocycloalkyl" also includes radicals where heterocycle radicals are fused with aromatic or heteroaromatic rings. Examples of heterocycloalkyl rings include, but are not limited to, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl, thiazepinyl, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinyl, 2-pyrrolinyl, 3-pyrrolinyl, indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, dioxanyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, pyrazolinyl, dithianyl, dithiolanyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrothienyl, dihydrofuranyl, pyrazolidinylimidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, 3-azabicyco[3.1.0]hexanyl, 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanyl, azabicyclo[2.2.2]hexanyl, 3H-indolyl and quinolizinyl. Spiro moieties are also included within the scope of this definition. The foregoing groups, as derived from the groups listed above, may be C-attached or N-attached where such is possible. For instance, a group derived from pyrrole may be pyrrol-1-yl (N-attached) or pyrrol-3-yl (C-attached). Further, a group derived from imidazole may be imidazol-1-yl (N-attached) or imidazol-3-yl (C-attached). An example of a heterocyclic group wherein 2 ring carbon atoms are substituted with oxo (=O) moieties is 1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinyl. The heterocycle groups herein are unsubstituted or, as specified, substituted in one or more substitutable positions with various groups. For example, such heterocycle groups may be optionally substituted with, for example, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, mono(C1-C6)alkylamino, di(C1-C6)alkylamino, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, amino(C1-C6)akyl, mono(C1-C6)alkylamino(C1-C6)alkyl or di(C1-C6)alkylamino(C1-C6)alkyl.
  • The term "aryl" refers to a monovalent aromatic carbocyclic radical having a single ring (e.g., phenyl), multiple rings (e.g., biphenyl), or multiple condensed rings in which at least one is aromatic, (e.g., 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, naphthyl), which is optionally mono-, di-, or trisubstituted with, e.g., halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and hydroxy.
  • The term "heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent aromatic radical of 5-, 6-, or 7-membered rings which includes fused ring systems (at least one of which is aromatic) of 5-10 atoms containing at least one and up to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Examples of heteroaryl groups are pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, and furopyridinyl. Spiro moieties are also included within the scope of this definition. Heteroaryl groups are optionally mono-, di-, or trisubstituted with, e.g., halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and hydroxy.
  • The term "halogen," represents fluorine, bromine, chlorine, and iodine.
  • The term "arylalkyl" means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with one or more aryl moiety (also as defined above). More preferred arylalkyl radicals are aryl-C1-3-alkyls. Examples include benzyl, phenylethyl, and the like.
  • The term "heteroarylalkyl" means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a heteroaryl moiety (also as defined above). More preferred heteroarylalkyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyls. Examples include oxazolylmethyl, pyridylethyl and the like.
  • The term "heterocyclylalkyl" means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a heterocyclyl moiety (also defined above). More preferred heterocyclylalkyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyls. Examples include tetrahydropyranylmethyl.
  • The term "cycloalkylalkyl" means an alkyl moiety (as defined above) substituted with a cycloalkyl moiety (also defined above). More preferred heterocyclyl radicals are 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyls. Examples include cyclopropylmethyl.
  • The term "Me" means methyl, "Et" means ethyl, "Bu" means butyl and "Ac" means acetyl.
  • The term "amino acid residue" includes. but is not limited to, the 20 naturally occurring amino acids commonly designated by three letter symbols, and also includes 4-hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvaline, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, cirtulline, homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone.
  • In general, the various moieties or functional groups of the compounds of Formulas I-III may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents. Examples of substituents suitable for purposes of this invention include, but are not limited to, oxo (with the proviso that it is not on an aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, where R3, R4 R5 and R6 are as defined herein.
  • It is to be understood that in instances where two or more radicals are used in succession to define a substituent attached to a structure, the first named radical is considered to be terminal and the last named radical is considered to be attached to the structure in question. Thus, for example, the radical arylalkyl is attached to the structure in question by the alkyl group.
  • In the compounds of the present invention, where a term such as (CR4R5)m is used, R4 and R5 may vary with each iteration of m above 1. For instance, where m is 2, the term (CR4R5)m may equal -CH2CH2- or -CH(CH3)C(CH2CH3)(CH2CH2CH3)- or any number of similar moieties falling within the scope of the definitions of R4 and R5.
  • The compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof. Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers, diastereomers mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. Accordingly, this invention also includes all such isomers, including diastereomeric mixtures and pure enantiomers of the Formulas I-III. Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallization. Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomer mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., alcohol), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well known in the art (see discussion in Chapter 4 of "Advanced Organic Chemistry", 4th edition, J. March, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992).
  • This invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of Formula I-III and methods of treating proliferative disorders, or abnormal cell growth, by administering compounds of the present invention. Compounds of the present invention having free amino, amido, hydroxy or carboxylic groups can be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs.
  • A "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes salts that retain the biological effectiveness of the free acids and bases of the specified compound and that are not biologically or otherwise undesirable. A compound ' of the invention may possess a sufficiently acidic, a sufficiently basic, or both functional groups, and accordingly react with any of a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable sale. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those salts prepared by reaction of the compounds of the present invention with a mineral or organic acid or an inorganic base, such salts including sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogenphosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyn-1,4-dioates, hexyne-1,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitromenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, pheylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenylbutyrates, citrates, lactates, -γ-hydroxybutyrates, glycollates, tartrates, methanesulfonates, propanesulfonates, naphthalene-1-sulfonates, naphthalene-2-sulfonates, and mandelates. Since a single compound of the present invention may include more than one acidic or basic moieties, the compounds of the present invention may include mono, di or tri-salts in a single compound.
  • If the inventive compound is a base, the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of the free base with an acidic compound, particularly an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, an alphahydroxy acid, such as citric acid or tartaric acid, an amino acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid, an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or cinnamic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or ethanesulfonic acid, or the like.
  • If the inventive compound is an acid, the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared by any suitable method, for example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base. Preferred inorganic salts are those formed with alkali and alkaline earth metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, barium and calcium. Preferred organic base salts include, for example, ammonium, dibenzylammonium, benzylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium, phenylethylbenzylamine, dibenzylethylenediamine, and the like salts. Other salts of acidic moieties may include, for example, those salts formed with procaine, quinine and N-methylglusoamine, plus salts formed with basic amino acids such as glycine, ornithine, histidine, phenylglycine, lysine and arginine.
  • The inventive compounds may be prepared using the reaction routes and synthesis schemes as described below, employing the techniques available in the art using starting materials that are readily available or can be synthesized using methods known in the art.
  • Illustrations of the preparation of compounds of the present invention are shown in Figures 1-5.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the synthesis of compounds of Formula I of the present invention. 2-Bromo-6-fluorobenzoic acid analog 2 can be prepared by deprotonation of 1-bromo-3-fluoro-benzene analog 1 with an amide base followed by quench with either solid or gaseous CO2 in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, diethyl ether or MTBE at temperatures ranging from -78°C to ambient temperature. Preferably, the benzoic acid 2 can be made by deprotonation with freshly prepared LDA at low temperature (-20 to -78 °C) in THF following by a solid CO2 quench. Preparation of ester 3 is accomplished in a two-step procedure. In the first step, the appropriate aniline moiety can be incorporated by SNAr reaction. This can be done in a suitable organic solvent such as THF using an amide base such as LDA, LiHMDS, NaHMDS or KHMDS at appropriate temperatures (-78 °C to room temperature). Preferably, the SNAr addition is achieved by adding the benzoic acid 2 to a mixture of freshly prepared LDA and the appropriate aniline in THF at low temperature (-20 to -78 °C) and than allowing the reaction mixtures to warm to room temperature.
  • With continued reference to Figure 1, the next step in the synthesis of compound 6 is a standard esterification, which can be achieved by standard methods including but not to limited to Fisher esterification (MeOH, H2SO4), reaction with TMSCHN2 or TMSCI in MeOH. The synthesis of keto acid derivative 4 can be accomplished in a three-step sequence. In the first step, palladium mediated alkyne cross-coupling reaction is used to generate the corresponding alkyne intermediate. This palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction can be achieved by standard methods including, but not limited to, treating bromide 3 with desired alkyne, a palladium catalyst such as Pd(OAc)2 and Ph3P, PdCl2(dppf), Pd(Ph3P)2Cl2, Pd(Ph3P)4, Pd2dba3 and Ph3P, CuI, and amine base such as Et3N, Et2NH, or i-Pr2NH, in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, DMF, PhMe, DME or MeCN at elevated temperature. More preferably, the bromide 3 and alkyne are treated with Pd(Ph3P)2Cl2, CuI and amine base in THF or DMF at 50 to 100 °C. In the second step, the intermediate alkyne is hydrolysed to the corresponding ketone by standard methods including, but not limited to, H2SO4, TFA, trifluorosulfonamide, FeCl3 or HgSOa/H2SO4. In the third step, the keto acid 4 is prepared by basic hydrolysis under standard conditions using either LiOH or NaOH in standard mixed aqueous/organic solvent systems. Dihydro-isoindol-1-one 5 can be prepared by treatment of the ketone with hydroxylamine followed by reduction under standard conditions including, but not limited to, Zn dust in AcOH, or H2 and catalytic Pd/C or PtO2, or Raney nickel. Preferably, this reduction can be accomplished with Zn dust in AcOH at elevated temperature (50 to 85 °C). To prepare derivatives where R8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid. Alkylation of dihydro-isoindol-1-one 5 to form substituted dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be accomplished by use of an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide and base such as LiH, NaH, or K2CO3 in suitable organic solvent such as DMF, MeCN, or THF at temperatures ranging from 0 to 80 °C. Alternatively, substituted dihydro-isoindol-1-one 13 can be prepared directly from keto acid 4 under standard reduction amination conditions including, but not limited to, treatment with the appropriate amine, and reducing agent such as NaBH(OAc)3, NaBH3CN, or NaBH4 with or without AcOH in a suitable organic solvent such as THF, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, MeCN or dioxane.
  • In Figure 2, preparation of compounds of the Formula I of the present invention is illustrated. Ester 7 can be prepared from bromide 3 by palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction with a variety of nucleophiles and palladium catalysts. Some of these methods include but not limited to Bu3SnCHR10R22, Pd(PPh3)4 in PhMe, R10R22CHB(OR)2, Pd(PPh3)4 or PdCl2(dppf) in dioxane or THF/water and K2CO3, R10R22CHBF3K, PdCl2(dppf) in i-PrOH/water and t-BuNH2, R10R22CHZnR, PdCl2(dppf) in dioxane or R10R22CH-Al-R2, PdCl2(dppf) and CeCl3 in THF. All of these cross-coupling reactions are run at elevated temperatures (50 to 120 °C). Dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be prepared by bromination of ester 7 followed by treatment with ammonia or a primary amine. Bromination of ester 7 can be accomplished using standard conditions such as NBS in a suitable organic solvent. Cyclization to form dihydro-isoindol-1-one 6 can be achieved by treatment with ammonia or a primary amine in a suitable organic solvent at temperatures ranging from ambient to slightly elevated. Preferably, this cyclization is accomplished in an alcoholic solvent such as MeOH or EtOH. To prepare derivatives where R8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the synthesis of compounds of Formula II of the present invention. Cyclization to form phthalazin-1-one 8 can be accomplished by treating ketone 4 with substituted or unsubstituted hydrazine in a suitable organic solvent such as EtOH, i-PrOH, DMF, DME or mixtures thereof at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to about 100 °C. To prepare derivatives where R8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative preparation of compounds of Formula II of the present invention. Aldehyde 9 can be formed in a two-step procedure from bromide 3. In the first step, Suzuki type palladium mediated vinyl boronic acid cross-coupling reaction of bromide 3 gives the corresponding styrene derivative. This reaction can be accomplished with a variety of vinyl boronic acids and palladium catalysts in the presence of base in a suitable organic solvent such as PhMe, DME, DMF or THF at elevated temperature. Preferably, trans-2-phenylboronic acid is used with Pd(PPh3)4 and K2CO3 in a mixture of DME and water at temperatures ranging from 60 to 105 °C. In the second step, the aldehyde is prepared by standard oxidative conditions including, but not limited to, O3/Me2S, O3/Ph3P or OsO4/NaIO4. The aldehyde 9 can then be converted to phthalazin-1-one 8 by treatment with the appropriate hydrazine. To prepare derivatives where R8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid.
  • In Figure 5, preparation of compounds of the Formula III of the present invention is illustrated. Hydrazide 10 can be prepared from bromide 3 by palladium mediated cross-coupling reaction. Preferably, this is accomplished by treatment of the bromide 3 with the appropriate t-butylcarbazate, Cs2CO3 and catalytic Pd2(dba)3/dppf in PhMe at elevated temperature. Removal of the BOC protecting group under standard acidic conditions such as TFA in methylene chloride or HCl in dioxane or diethyl ether generates dihydro-indazol-3-one 11. To prepare derivatives where R8 is iodo or bromo, this can be accomplished at this stage under standard halogenation conditions including, but not limited to, NIS or NBS in DMF with or without catalytic aqueous acid. Alkylation of dihydro-indazol-3-one 11 to form substituted dihydro-indazol-3-one 12 can be accomplished by use of an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide and base such as LiH, NaH, or K2CO3 in suitable organic solvent such as DMF, MeCN, or THF at temperatures ranging from 0 to 80 °C.
  • The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment, said pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment of cancer such as brain, lung, squamous cell, bladder, gastic, pancreatic, breast, head, neck, renal, kidney, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, esophageal, testicular, gynecological or thyroid cancer. In another embodiment, said pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of pancreatitis or kidney disease (including proliferative glomerulonephritis and diabetes-induced renal disease) or the treatment of pain in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention of blastocyte implantation in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease related to vasculogenesis or angiogenesis in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment, said pharmaceutical composition is for treating a disease selected from the group consisting of tumor angiogenesis, chronic inflammatory disease or other inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, glioma, melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and ovarian, breast, lung, pancreatic, prostate, colon and epidermoid cancer.
  • The invention also relates to a method of treating a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof. In one embodiment, said method relates to the treatment of cancer such as brain, lung, squamous cell, bladder, gastric, pancreatic, breast, head, neck, renal, kidney, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, esophageal, testicular, gynecological or thyroid cancer. In another embodiment, said method relates to the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e.g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • The disclosure also relates to a method for the treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, in combination with an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • The invention also relates to a method of treating pancreatitis or kidney disease in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
  • The invention also relates to a method of preventing blastocyte implantation in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
  • The invention also relates to a method of treating diseases related to vasculogenesis or angiogenesis in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof. In one embodiment, said method is for treating a disease selected from the group consisting of tumor angiogenesis, chronic inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, glioma, melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and ovarian, breast, lung, pancreatic, prostate, colon and epidermoid cancer.
  • The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease or condition related to inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious disease, viral disease, fibrotic disease or neurodegenerative disease in a mammal which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Examples of the above diseases and/or conditions include but is not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma, diabetes and diabetic complications, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, hemangioma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, allergic responses including asthma allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, renal disease and renal failure, polycystic kidney disease, acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, neurofibromatosis, organ transplant rejection, cachexia and pain.
  • Patients that can be treated with compounds of the present invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, of said compounds, according to the methods of this invention include, for example, patients that have been diagnosed as having psoriasis, restenosis, atherosclerosis, BPH, lung cancer, bone cancer, CMML, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head and neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, testicular, gynecologic tumors (e.g., uterine sarcomas, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina or carcinoma of the vulva), Hodgkin's disease, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system (e.g., cancer of the thyroid, parathyroid or adrenal glands), sarcomas of soft tissues, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer, chronic or acute leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter (e.g., renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis), or neoplasms of the central nervous system (e.g., primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, brain stem gliomas or pituitary adenomas).
  • This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprises an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with an amount of a chemotherapeutic, wherein the amounts of the compound, salt, solvate, or prodrug, and of the chemotherapeutic are together effective in inhibiting abnormal cell growth. Many chemotherapeutics are presently known in the art. In one embodiment, the chemotherapeutic is selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • This disclosure further relates to a method for inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal or treating a hyperproliferative disorder which method comprises administering to the mammal an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with radiation therapy, wherein the amounts of the compound, salt, solvate, or prodrug, is in combination with the radiation therapy effective in inhibiting abnormal cell growth or treating the hyperproliferative disorder in the mammal. Techniques for administering radiation therapy are known in the art, and these techniques can be used in the combination therapy described herein. The administration of the compound of the invention in this combination therapy can be determined as described herein.
  • It is believed that the compounds of the present invention can render abnormal cells more sensitive to treatment with radiation for purposes of killing and/or inhibiting the growth of such cells. Accordingly, this invention further relates to a method for sensitizing abnormal cells in a mammal to treatment with radiation which comprises administering to the mammal an amount of a compound of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or prodrug thereof, which amount is effective is sensitizing abnormal cells to treatment with radiation. The amount of the compound, or salt, in this method can be determined according to the means for ascertaining effective amounts of such compounds described herein.
  • The disclosure also relates to a method of and to a pharmaceutical composition of inhibiting abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprises an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or an isotopically-labeled derivative thereof, and an amount of one or more substances selected from anti-angiogenesis agents, signal transduction inhibitors, and antiproliferative agents.
  • Anti-angiogenesis agents, such as MMP-2 (matrix-metalloprotienase 2) inhibitors, MMP-9 (matrix-metalloprotienase 9) inhibitors, and COX-II (cyclooxygenase II) inhibitors, can be used in conjunction with a compound of the present invention and pharmaceutical compositions described herein. Examples of useful COX-II inhibitors include CELEBREX™ (alecoxib), valdecoxib, and rofecoxib. Examples of useful matrix metalloprotienase inhibitors are described in WO 96/33172 , WO 96/27583 , EP 818442 , EP 1004578 , WO 98/07697 , WO 98/03516 , WO 98/34918 , WO 98/34915 , WO 98/33768 , WO 98/30566 , EP 606,046 , EP 931788 , WO 90/05719 , WO 99/52910 , WO 99/52889 , WO 99/29667 , WO 99/07675 , EP 945864 , U.S. Patent No. 5,863,949 , U.S. Patent No. 5,861,510 , and EP 780,386 , Preferred MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitors are those that have little or no activity inhibiting MMP-1. More preferred, are those that selectively inhibit MAP-2 and/or MMP-9 relative to the other matrix-metalloproteinases (i.e., MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, and MMP-13).
  • The terms "abnormal cell growth" and "hyperproliferative disorder" are used interchangeably in this application.
  • "Abnormal cell growth," as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to cell growth that is independent of normal regulatory mechanisms (e.g., loss of contact inhibition). This includes, for example, the abnormal growth of (1) tumor cells (tumors) that proliferate by expressing a mutated tyrosine kinase or overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase; (2) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant tyrosine kinase activation occurs; (3) any tumors that proliferate by receptor tyrosine kinases; (4) any tumors that proliferate by aberrant serine/threonine kinase activation; and (5) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant serine/theroine kinase activation occurs.
  • The term "treating," as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which such term applies, or one or more symptoms of such disorder or condition. The term "treatment," as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to the act of treating as "treating" is defined immediately above.
  • The amount of a given agent that will correspond to such an amount will vary depending upon factors such as the particular compound, disease condition and its severity, the identity (e. g., weight) of the mammal in need of treatment, but can nevertheless be routinely determined by one skilled in the art. "Treating" is intended to mean at least the mitigation of a disease condition in a mammal, such as a human, that is affected, at least in part, by the activity of MEK, and includes, but is not limited to, preventing the disease condition from occurring in a mammal, particularly when the mammal is found to be predisposed to having the disease condition but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; modulating and/or inhibiting the disease condition; and/or alleviating the disease condition.
  • In order to use a compound of the Formula I-III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the therapeutic treatment (including prophylactic treatment) of mammals including humans, it is normally formulated in accordance with standard pharmaceutical practice as a pharmaceutical composition. According to this aspect of the invention there is provided a pharmaceutical composition that comprises a compound of the Formula I-III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined hereinbefore in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
  • To prepare the pharmaceutical compositions according to this invention, a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a compound of Formula I-III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof (alone or together with an additional therapeutic agent) is preferably intimately admixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier according to conventional pharmaceutical compounding techniques to produce a dose. A carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration, e.g., oral or parenteral. Examples of suitable carriers include any and all solvents, dispersion media, adjuvants, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, sweeteners, stabilizers (to promote long term storage), emulsifiers, binding agents, thickening agents, salts, preservatives, solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, flavoring agents, and miscellaneous materials such as buffers and absorbents that may be needed in order to prepare a particular therapeutic composition. The use of such media and agents with pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with a compound of Formula I-III, its use in the therapeutic compositions and preparations is contemplated. Supplementary active ingredients can also be incorporated into the compositions and preparations as described herein.
  • The compositions of the invention may be in a form suitable for oral use (for example as tablets, lozenges, hard or soft capsules, aqueous or oily suspensions, emulsions, dispersible powders or granules, syrups or elixirs), for topical use (for example as creams, ointments, gels, or aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions), for administration by inhalation (for example as a finely divided powder or a liquid aerosol), for administration by insufflation (for example as a finely divided powder) or for parenteral administration (for example as a sterile aqueous or oily solution for intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular dosing or as a suppository for rectal dosing). For example, compositions intended for oral use may contain, for example, one or more coloring, sweetening, flavoring and/or preservative agents.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients for a tablet formulation include, for example, inert diluents such as lactose, sodium carbonate, calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate, granulating and disintegrating agents such as corn starch or algenic acid; binding agents such as starch; lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc; preservative agents such as ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, and anti-oxidants, such as ascorbic acid. Tablet formulations may be uncoated or coated either to modify their disintegration and the subsequent absorption of the active ingredient within the gastrointestinal tract, or to improve their stability and/or appearance, in either case, using conventional coating agents and procedures well known in the art.
  • Compositions for oral use may be in the form of hard gelatin capsules in which the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules in which the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • Aqueous suspensions generally contain the active ingredient in finely powdered form together with one or more suspending agents, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose. methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents such as lecithin or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids (for example polyoxethylene stearate), or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives (such as ethyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, anti-oxidants (such as ascorbic acid), coloring agents, flavoring agents, and/or sweetening agents (such as sucrose, saccharine or aspartame).
  • Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil (such as arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil) or in a mineral oil (such as liquid paraffin). The oily suspensions may also contain a thickening agent such as beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set out above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
  • Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water generally contain the active ingredient together with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients such as sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.
  • The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil-in-water emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, such as olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, such as for example liquid paraffin or a mixture of any of these. Suitable emulsifying agents may be, for example, naturally-occurring gums such as gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides such as soya bean, lecithin, an esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides (for example sorbitan monooleate) and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The emulsions may also contain sweetening, flavoring and preservative agents.
  • Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents such as glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, aspartame or sucrose, and may also contain a demulcent, preservative, flavoring and/or coloring agent.
  • The pharmaceutical compositions may also be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oily suspension, which may be formulated according to known procedures using one or more of the appropriate dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents, which have been mentioned above. A sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example a solution in 1,3-butanediol.
  • Suppository formulations may be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug. Suitable excipients include, for example, cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
  • Topical formulations, such as creams, ointments, gels and aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions, may generally be obtained by formulating an active ingredient with a conventional, topically acceptable, vehicle or diluent using conventional procedures well known in the art.
  • Compositions for administration by insufflation may be in the form of a finely divided powder containing particles of average diameter of, for example, 30 µm or much less, the powder itself comprising either active ingredient alone or diluted with one or more physiologically acceptable carriers such as lactose. The powder for insufflation is then conveniently retained in a capsule containing, for example, 1 to 50 mg of active ingredient for use with a turbo-inhaler device, such as is used for insufflation of the known agent sodium cromoglycate.
  • Compositions for administration by inhalation may be in the form of a conventional pressurized aerosol arranged to dispense the active ingredient either as an aerosol containing finely divided solid or liquid droplets. Conventional aerosol propellants such as volatile fluorinated hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons may be used and the aerosol device is conveniently arranged to dispense a metered quantity of active ingredient.
  • For further information on formulations, see Chapter 25.2 in .
  • The amount of a compound of this invention that is combined with one or more excipients to produce a single dosage form will necessarily vary depending upon the subject treated, the severity of the disorder or condition, the rate of administration, the disposition of the compound and the discretion of the prescribing physician. However, an effective dosage is in the range of about 0.001 to about 100 mg per kg body weight per day, preferably about 1 to about 35 mg/kg/day, in single or divided doses. For a 70 kg human, this would amount to about 0.05 to 7 g/day, preferably about 0.05 to about 2.5 g/day. In some instances, dosage levels below the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more than adequate, while in other cases still larger doses may be employed without causing any harmful side effect, provided that such larger doses are first divided into several small doses for administration throughout the day. For further information on routes of administration and dosage regimes, see Chapter 25.3 in ,
  • The size of the dose for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes of a compound of Formula I-III will naturally vary according to the nature and severity of the conditions, the age and sex of the animal or patient and the route of administration, according to well known principles of medicine.
  • The compounds of this invention may be used alone in combination with other drugs and therapies used in the treatment of disease states which would benefit from the inhibition of MEK. Such treatment may involve, in addition to the compounds of the invention, conventional surgery or radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Such chemotherapy may include one or more of the following categories of anti-tumor agents:
  • (i) antiproliferative/anti-neoplastic drugs and combinations thereof, as used in medical oncology, such as alkylating agents (for example, cis-platin, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, nitorgen mustard, melphalan, chlorambucil, busulphan and nitorsoureas); anti-metabolites (for example, antifolates such as such as fluoropyrimidines like 5-fluorouracil and tegafur, raltitrexed, methotrexate, cytosine arabinside, hydroxyurea, or, one of the preferred anti-metabolites disclosed in European Patent Application No. 239362 such as N-(5-[N-(3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-6-ylmethyl)-N-methylamino]-2-thenoyl)-L-glutamic acid); antitumor antibiotics (for example, anthracyclines like adriamycin, bleomycin, doxorubicin, daunomycin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitomycin-C, dactinomycin and mithramycin); antimitotic agents (for example, vinca alkaloids like vincristine, vinblastine, vindesine and vinorelbine and taxoids like taxol and taxotere); and topoisomerase inhibitors (for example epipodophyllotoxins like eptoposide and teniposide, amsacrine, topotecan and campothecin):
  • (ii) cytostatic agents such as antiestrogens (for example, tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, droloxifene and iodoxyfene), estrogen receptor down regulators (for example, fulvestratrant) antiandrogens (for example, bicalutamide, flutamide, nilutamide, cyproxerone acetate and Casodex™ (4'-cyano-3-(4-fluorophenylsulphonyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3'-(trifluoromethyl)propionanilide)), LHRH antagonists or LHRH agonists (for example, goserelin, leuporelin and buserelin), progestogens (for example, megestrol acetate), aromatase inhibitors (for example, asanastrozole, letrozole, vorazole and exemestane) and inhibitors of 5α-reductase such as finasteride;
  • (iii) agents which inhibit cancer cell invasion (for example, metalloproteinase inhibitors like marimastat and inhibitors of urokinase plasminogne activator receptor function);
  • (iv) inhibitors of growth factor function like growth factor antibodies, growth factor receptor antibodies (for example, the anti-erbB2 antibody trastumuzab [Herceptin™] and the anti-erbB1 antibody cetuximab [C225]), farnesyl transferase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and serine-threonine kinase inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor family tyrosine kinases such as N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazolin-4-amine (gefitinib, AZD1839), N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-amine (erlotinib, OSI-774) and 6-acrylamido-N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazolin-4-amine (CI 1033)), inhibitors of the platelet-derived growth factor family and inhibitors of the hepatocyte growth factor family;
  • (v) antiangiogenic agents such as those which inhibit the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (for example, the anti-vascular endothelial cell growth factor antibody bevacizumab [Avastin™], compounds such as those disclosed in PCT Publication Nos. WO 97/22596 , WO 97/30035 , WO 97/32856 , and WO 98/13354 ) and compounds that work by other mechanisms (for example, linomide, inhibitors of integrin αvβ3 function, MMP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors and angiostatin);
  • (vi) vascular damaging agents such as Combretastatin A4 and compounds disclosed in PCT Publication Nos. WO 99/02166 , WO 0/40529 , WO 00/41669 , WO 01/92224 ; WO 02/04434 , and WO 02/08213 ;
  • (vii) antisense therapies (for example, those which are directed to the targets listed above such as ISIS 2503, and anti-ras antisense);
  • (viii) gene therapy approaches, including for example GVAX™, approaches to replace aberrant genes such as aberrant p53 or aberrant BRCA1 or BRCA2, GDEPT (gene-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy) approaches such as those using cytosine deaminase, thymidine kinase or a bacterial nitroreductase enzyme and approaches to increase patient tolerance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy such as multi-drug resistance gene therapy;
  • (ix) interferon; and
  • (x) immunotherapy approaches, including for example ex-vivo and in-vivo approaches to increase the immunogenicity of patient tumor cells, such as transfection with cytokines such as interleukin 2, interleukin 4 or granulocyte-macmphage colony stimulating factor, approaches to decrease T-cell anergy, approaches to using transfected immune cells such as cytokine-transfected dendritic cells, approaches using cytoldne-transfected tumor cell lines and approaches using anti-idiotypic antibodies.
  • Such conjoint treatment may be achieved by way of the simultaneous, sequential or separate dosing of the individual components of treatment. Such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dose range described hereinbefore and the other pharmaceutically active agent within its approved dose range.
  • According to this aspect of the invention there is provided a pharmaceutical product comprising a compound of Formula I-III as defined hereinbefore and an additional anti-tumor agent as defined hereinbefore for the conjoint treatment of cancer.
  • Although the compounds of Formula I-III are primarily of value as therapeutic agents for use in warm-blooded animals (including man), they are also useful whenever it is required to inhibit the effects of MEK. Thus, they are useful as pharmacological standards for use in the development of new biological tests and in the search for new pharmacological agents.
  • The activity of the compounds of the present invention may be determined by the following procedure. N-terminal 6 His-tagged, constitutively active MEK-1 (2-393) is expressed in E. coli and protein is purified by conventional methods (Ahn et al., Science 1994, 265, 966-970). The activity of MEK1 is assessed by measuring the incorporation of γ-33P-phosphate from γ-33P-ATP onto N-terminal His tagged ERK2, which is expressed in E. coli and is purified by conventional methods, in the presence of MEK-1. The assay is carried out in 96-well polypropylene plate. The incubation mixture (100 µL) comprises of 25 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 10 mM MgCl2, 5 mM β-glycerolphosphate, 100 µM Na-orthovanadate, 5 mM DTT, 5 nM MEK1, and 1 µM ERK2. Inhibitors are suspended in DMSO, and all reactions, including controls are performed at a final concentration of 1% DMSO. Reactions are initiated by the addition of 10 µM ATP (with 0.5 µCi γ-33P-ATP/well) and incubated at ambient temperature for 45 minutes. Equal volume of 25% TCA is added to stop the reaction and precipitate the proteins. Precipitated proteins are trapped onto glass fiber B filterplates, and excess labeled ATP washed off using a Tomtec MACH III harvestor. Plates are allowed to air-dry prior to adding 30 µL/well of Packard Microscint 20, and plates are counted using a Packard TopCount. In this assay, compounds of the invention exhibited an IC50 of less than 50 micromolar.
  • Representative compounds of the present invention, which are encompassed by the present invention include, the compounds of the examples and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts thereof. The examples presented below are intended to illustrate particular embodiments of the invention.
    • EXAMPLES
  • In the examples described below, unless otherwise indicated all temperatures are set forth in degrees Celsius. Reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Company, Lancaster, TCI or Maybridge, and were used without further purification unless otherwise indicated. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane, toluene, dioxane and 1,2-diftuoroethane were purchased from Aldrich in Sure seal bottles and used as received.
  • The reactions set forth below were done generally under a positive pressure of nitrogen or argon or with a drying tube (unless otherwise stated) in anhydrous solvents, and the reaction flasks were typically fitted with rubber septa for the introduction of substrates and reagents via syringe. Glassware was oven dried and/or heat dried.
  • Column chromatography was done on a Biotage system (Manufacturer: Dyax Corporation) having a silica gel column or on a silica SepPak cartridge (Waters).
  • 1H-NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian instrument operating at 400 MHz. 1H-NMR spectra were obtained as CDCl3 solutions (reported in ppm), using chloroform as the reference standard (7.25 ppm). Other NMR solvents were used as needed. When peak multiplicities are reported, the following abbreviations are used: s (singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), m (multiple), br (broadened), dd (doublet of doublets), dt (doublet of triplets). Coupling constants, when given, are reported in Hertz (Hz).
    • Example 1
  • Figure imgb0007
    • 7-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one
  • Step A: Preparation of 6-bromo-2,3,4-trifluorobenzoic acid. To a solution of i-Pr2NH (3.65 mL, 25.8 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added n-BuLi (10.3 mL, 25.8 mmol, 2.50 M solution in hexanes) at 0°C. After stirring for 15 minutes, the reaction mixture was cooled to -78 °C. A solution of 5-bromo-1,2,3-trifluorobenzene (5.00 g, 23.7 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 hours at -78 °C, poured into an excess of freshly crushed dry ice, and stirred for 30 minutes To this mixture was added 10% aqueous HCl to adjust its pH to 1. The resulting mixture was extracted with ether (3x). The combined organic layers were washed with 5% aqueous NaOH (2x). The combined basic aqueous layers were acidified to pH 1 with concentrated HCl, and extracted with ether (2x). The combined organic layers were washed with water, dried over MgSO4 filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (5.06 g, 84%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step B: Preparation of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3 4-difluorobenzoic acid. To a solution of i-Pr2NH (5.83 mL, 41.2 mmol) in THF (16 mL) at 0 °C was added n-BuLi (16.4 mL, 41.1 mmol, 2.5 M solution in hexanes). After stirring for 15 minutes, the reaction mixture was cooled to -78 °C. 2-Chloroaniline (2.89 mL, 27.5 mmol) was added. After vigorous stirring for 10 minutes, a solution of 6-bromo-2,3,4-trifluorobenzoic acid (3.51 g, 13.8 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated, treated with 10% aqueous HCl (15 mL) until the aqueous phase was acidic, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material that was triturated three times with boiling CH2Cl2 to afford the desired product (3.18 g, 64%).
  • Step C: Preparation of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3.4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester. To a solution of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid (3.18 g, 8.77 mmol) in THF-MeOH (16 mL/5 mL) was added TMSCHN2 (5.30 mL, 10.6 mmol, 2M solution in hexanes) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour, quenched with AcOH, and diluted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water, saturated NaHCO3 (2x), and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product (3.31 g, 100%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step D: Preparation of 2-(2-chlomphenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-trimethylsilanylethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester. A mixture of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (2.61 g, 6.93 mmol), TMS-acetylene (1.18 mL, 8.32 mmol), Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 (496 mg, 0.693 mmol), CuI (132 mg, 0.693 mmol), and i-Pr2NH (1.95 mL, 13.9 mmol) in THF (11 mL) was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc, and washed with saturated aqueous NH4Cl and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% hexanes to 1% to 2% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford the desired product (2.15 g, 79%).
  • Step E: Preparation of 6-acetvl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester. A mixture of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-trimethylsilanylethynylbenzoic acid methyl ester (1.00 g, 2.54 mmol), HgSO4 (761 mg, 2.54 mmol), and concentrated H2SO4 (0.27 mL) in acetone-water (22 mL/4 mL) was refluxed for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc-THF, and washed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (8% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford the desired product (496 mg, 58%).
  • Step F: Preparation of 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)3,4-difluorobenzoic acid. To a solution of 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlomphenylamino)3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (200 mg, 0.59 mmol) in THF-water (2 mL/0.5 mL) was added 1 M aqueous LiOH (1.21 mL, 1.21 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, acidified to pH 1 with 1 N aqueous HCl, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4 filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired acid (166 mg, 86%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step G: Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methylbenzor[d][1,2]oxazin-1-one. To a solution of 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid (50 mg, 0.15 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (11 mg, 0.15 mmol) in MeOH-H2O (1 mL/0.5 mL) was added TEA (0.022 mL, 0.15 mmol) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% CH2Cl2) to afford the desired product (26.8 mg, 54%).
  • Step H: Preparation of 7-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one. A mixture solution of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-benzo[d][1,2]oxazin-1-one (26 mg, 0.079 mmol) and Zn (30 mg, 0.46 mmol) in AcOH (2 mL) was heated for 1 hour at 85 °C. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with additional AcOH. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc, and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (18 mg, 74%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step I: Preparation of 7-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one. A solution of 7-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (18 mg, 0.059 mmol), NIS (17 mg, 0.074 mmol), and p-TsOH-H2O (24 mg, 0.12 mmol) in THF-MeOH (1 mL/1 mL) was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% CH2Cl2 to 1 % MeOH in CH2Cl2) to afford 7-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (5.4 mg, 21%). MS APCI (-) m/z 433, 435 (M-, Cl pattern) detected; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.48 (dd, 1H), 6.75 (m, 2H), 6.04 (s, 1H), 4.63 (q, 1H), 1.49 (d, 3H).
    • Example 2
  • Figure imgb0008
    • 7-(4-Bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one
  • A mixture of 7-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (68 mg, 0.22 mmol, prepared by the procedures described in Example 1) and NBS (46 mg, 0.26 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was stirred for 3 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material which was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% hexanes to 25% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford 7-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (40 mg, 47%). MS APCI (-) m/z 385, 387 (M-, Br, Cl pattern) detected; 1H NNR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 6 8.53 (s, 1H), 7.54 (d, 1H), 7.31 (dd, 1H), 6.89 (t, 1H), 6.75 (dd, 1H), 6.05 (s, 1H), 4.63 (q, 1H), 1.49 (d, 3H).
    • Example 3
  • Figure imgb0009
    • 8-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one
  • Step A: Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one. To a solution of 6-acetyl-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid (62 mg, 0.19 mmol, prepared by the procedures described in Example 1) and hydrazine monohydrate (0.031 mL, 0.63 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was added catalytic amount of 1 N aqueous HCl (0.15 mL, 0.15 mmol) at room temperature. After stirring for 16 hours at room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and washed with water (2x) and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product (53 mg, 86%) that was used directly without further purification.
  • Step B: Preparation of 8-(2-chloro-4-iodonhenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one. A mixture of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one (30 mg, 0.093 mmol) and NIS (24 mg, 0.11 mmol) in AcOH-THF (2 mL/0.5 mL) was heated at 85°C for 3 minutes The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude material that was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (100% hexanes to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) to afford 8-(2-chloro4-iodophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one (7.7 mg, 17%). MS APCI (-) mlz 446, 448 (M-, Cl pattern) detected; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.74 (s, 1H), 10.96 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, 1H), 7.53 (dd, 1H), 6.94 (t, 1H), 2.47 (s, 3H).
    • Example 4
  • Figure imgb0010
    • 8-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylmino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one
  • Step A: Preparation of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-styryl-benzoic acid methyl ester: Pd(PPh3)4 (0.313 g, 0.271 mmol) and trans-2-phenylvinylboronic acid (1.105 g, 7.468 mmol) were added to a mixture of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (2.00 g, 5.31 mmol) in 35 mL DME and 8 mL 2.0 M aqueous K2CO3 solution. The reaction mixture was heated under a N2 atmosphere to 90 °C and stirred for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water and the layers separated The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography gave 1.20 g (56%) clean desired product.
  • Step B: Preparation of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-formylbenzoic acid methyl ester: A mixture of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-styrylbenzoic acid methyl ester (1.20 g, 3.00 mmol), 2.5% OsO4 solution in t-BuOH (2.0 mL, 0.165 mmol) and NMO (0.435 g, 3.60 mmol) in 30 mL of 1:1 THF/water was stirred for 1 hour. Sodium periodate (0.963 g, 4.50 mmol) was added. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water and the layers separated. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography (1:1 methylene chloride/hexanes) gave 0.406 g (42%) pure desired product.
  • Step C: Preparation of 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one: A mixture of 2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluoro-6-formyl benzoic acid methyl ester (0.400 mg, 1.228 mmol) and 2-hydroxyethyl hydrazine (0.102 mL, 1.351 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was heated at reflux under N2 for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a yellow precipitate formed which was collected by filtration. The yellow solid was washed with EtOH and dried to yield 0.128 g (30%) pure desired product..
  • Step D: 8-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one was prepared from 8-(2-chlorophenylamino)-6,7-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2H-phthalazin-1-one by the method described in Step B of Example 3. MS APCI (-) m/z 476, 478 (M-, Cl pattern) detected; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.90 (s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, 1H), 7.22 (t, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 4.42 (t, 2H), 4.08 (t, 2H).
    • Example 5
  • Figure imgb0011
    • 4-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one
  • Step A: Preparation of 6-(N'-tert-butoxycarbonyl-hydrazino)-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester: Pd2(dba)3 (4 mol %), t-butylcarbazate (4.00 equivalents), dppf (12 mol %) and Cs2CO3 (1.00 equivalent) are added to a solution of 6-bromo-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (1.00 equivalent) in PhMe. The reaction mixture is heated in a sealed vial charged under a N2 atmosphere to 100 °C and stirred for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture is diluted with methylene chloride and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure. The product is purified by trituration or flash column chromatography if further purification is necessary.
  • Step B: Preparation of 4-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydroindazol-3-one: 6-(N'-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydrazino)-2-(2-chlorophenylamino)-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (1.00 equivalent) is treated with a 1:1 mixture of methylene chloride and TFA and stirred for 2 hours The reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the product is purified by trituration or flash column chromatography if needed.
  • Step C: 4-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one is prepared from 4-(2-chlorophenylamino)-5,6-difluoro-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one by the method described in Step B of Example 3.

Claims (22)

  1. A compound including resolved enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, said compound having the Formula I:
    Figure imgb0012
     where:
    R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR 4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)1(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R10 and R22 are independently hydrogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, - NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl,
    or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
    R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
    or any two of R11, R12 , R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
    n is 1 or 2; and
    j is 0, 1 or 2.
  2. A compound including resolved enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, said compound having the Formula II:
    Figure imgb0013
     where:
    R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR8, -OC(O)R3, - NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4,-NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C8 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R4)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, - NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R10 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3 , -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), - S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R8, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)ORt4, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, - NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl,
    or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10- membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14 -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
    R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10- membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13. -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
    or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and
    j is 0, 1 or 2.
  3. A compound including resolved enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, said compound having the Formula III:
    Figure imgb0014
     and pharmaceutically accepted salts, prodrugs and thereof, wherein:
    R1, R2, R8, R9, R20 and R21 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -SR11, -OR3, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R3, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -NR3R4, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, -S(O)j(C1-C6 alkyl), -S(O)j(CR4R5)m-aryl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, -O(CR4R5)m-aryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-aryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -NR4(CR4R5)m-heteroaryl, -O(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl or -NR4(CR4R5)m-heterocyclyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR4SO2R6, -SO2NR3R4, -C(O)R3, -C(O)OR3, -OC(O)R3, -NR4C(O)OR6, -NR4C(O)R3, -C(O)NR3R4, -NR3R4, -NR5C(O)NR3R4, -NR5C(NCN)NR3R4, -OR3, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R7 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, OR3, NR3R4, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3;
    R23 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be further substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3 ;
    R3 is hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, phosphate or an amino acid residue, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, - NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, - NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    or R3 and R4 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10- membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12 -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, - NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or
    R4 and R5 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10- membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said alkyl or any of said carbocyclic, heteroaryl and heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R6 is trifluoromethyl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein any of said alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl portions are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from oxo (with the proviso that it is not substituted on a aryl or heteroaryl), halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, -NR11SO2R14, -SO2NR11R12, -C(O)R11, C(O)OR11, -OC(O)R11, -NR11C(O)OR14, -NR11C(O)R12, -C(O)NR11R12, -SR11, -S(O)R14, -SO2R14, -NR11R12, -NR11C(O)NR12R13, -NR11C(NCN)NR12R13, -OR11, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    R11, R12 and R13 independently are hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl, and R14 is C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl;
    or any two of R11, R12, R13 or R14 together with the atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered carbocyclic, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl carbocyclic rings, heteroaryl rings or heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, azido, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl;
    m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and
    j is 0, 1 or 2.
  4. The compound of any of claims 1, 2 and 3, where R9 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl.
  5. The compound of claim 4, where R7 is C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3.
  6. The compound of claim 1, where
    R9 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl,
    R7 is C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3, and
    R10 and R22 are independently C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3.
  7. The compound of claim 2, where
    R9 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl,
    R7 is C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3, and
    R10 is independently C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3.
  8. The compound of claim 3 where
    R9 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl,
    R7 is C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3 and
    R23 is independently C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl, wherein any of said C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl and C2-C4 alkynyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl rings may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, NR3R4 and OR3.
  9. The compound of any of claims 6, 7 and 8, where R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl; and R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethyl, ethoxy or SR11.
  10. The compound of claim 9, where R1 is halogen or methyl, R2 is hydrogen and R8 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or SR11.
  11. The compound of claim 10, where R1 is halogen, R8 is halogen, R9 is alkyl or halogen, and R2 is in the position adjacent to Y, wherein R2 is hydrogen.
  12. A composition comprising a compound of any of claims 1, 2 or 3, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  13. Use of a compound of any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 for the preparation of a medicament for inhibiting MEK activity in a mammal.
  14. Use of a compound of any of claims 1, 2 or 3 for the preparation of a medicament for treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal.
  15. Use of a compound of any of claims 1, 2 or 3 for the preparation of a medicament for treatment of an inflammatory condition in a mammal.
  16. A compound according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 for use as a medicament.
  17. A compound according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, for use as a medicament for the treatment of a hyperproliferative disorder, an inflammatory condition, or for inhibiting MEK activity in a mammal.
  18. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 6
    Figure imgb0015
     wherein
    R1, R2 and R9 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl;
    R7, R10, R20, R21 and R22 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and
    R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, SR1, ethyl, or ethoxy; said method comprising:
    (a) reacting a compound of Formula 3
    Figure imgb0016
     with an appropriate nucleophile to provide a compound of Formula 7
    Figure imgb0017
     and
    (b) reacting a compound of Formula 7 with a brominating agent followed by an amine to provide a compound of Formula 6.
  19. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 8
    Figure imgb0018
     wherein
    R1, R2 and R9 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl;
    R7, R10, R20 and R21 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and
    R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, SR1, ethyl, or ethoxy; said method comprising reacting a compound of Formula 4
    Figure imgb0019
     with a hydrazine to provide a compound of Formula 8.
  20. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 8
    Figure imgb0020
     wherein
    R1, R2 and R9 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or ethyl;
    R7, R10, R20 and R21 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and
    R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, SR1, ethyl, or ethoxy; said method comprising:
    (a) reacting a compound of Formula 3
    Figure imgb0021
     with a vinyl boronic acid derivative to provide a compound of Formula 9
    Figure imgb0022
     and
    (b) reacting a compound of Formula 9 with a hydrazine to provide a compound of Formula 8.
  21. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 11
    Figure imgb0023
     wherein
    R1, R2 and R9 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl;
    R20, R21 and R22 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and
    R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, SR1, ethyl, or ethoxy; said method comprising:
    (a) reacting a compound of Formula 3
    Figure imgb0024
     with a carbazate to provide a compound of Formula 10
    Figure imgb0025
     and
    (b) deprotecting a compound of Formula 10 to provide a compound of Formula 11.
  22. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 12
    Figure imgb0026
     wherein
    R1, R2 and R9 are independently hydrogen, halogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or ethyl;
    R7, R20, R21 and R22 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein any of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, azido, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, ethoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and
    R8 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, azido, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, aminomethyl, dimethylamino, aminoethyl, diethylamino, SR1, ethyl, or ethoxy;
    said method comprising reacting a compound of Formula 11
    Figure imgb0027
     with an alkylating agent to provide a compound of Formula 12.
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