EP1016317B1 - Broadband loudspeaker - Google Patents

Broadband loudspeaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1016317B1
EP1016317B1 EP98919104A EP98919104A EP1016317B1 EP 1016317 B1 EP1016317 B1 EP 1016317B1 EP 98919104 A EP98919104 A EP 98919104A EP 98919104 A EP98919104 A EP 98919104A EP 1016317 B1 EP1016317 B1 EP 1016317B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
enclosure
loudspeaker according
diaphragm
cup
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EP98919104A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1016317A2 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz KÖPPEN
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Sorus Audio AG
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Sorus Audio AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an approximately point-emitting Broadband speakers with improved playback properties after the Claims 1 and 7.
  • the idea of the invention is based on the ideal as small as possible spherical radiating point switching source.
  • Coaxial speakers are known as a cone / dome and cone / horn combination.
  • the sound outlet for the high frequency range is located in the cone mouth.
  • the membrane which already modulates the tweeter portion assigned to you, is still exposed to the sound waves of the tweeter system - more with the dome, a little less with the horn.
  • It is also disadvantageous that the sound components of the otherwise wide-angle dome are bundled in a frequency-dependent manner by the cone. In the Hom disturb the multiple reflections on the inner walls of the horn body.
  • the dome-shaped loudspeaker front offers the advantage that the sound pressure waves do not break abruptly at the outer edges of the housing, but gradually. As a result, there are no interferences or irregularities in the amplitude frequency curve.
  • the transition area between the conditions on an infinite baffle and those at the end of a long tube runs regularly here.
  • the axially radiated sound waves are immediately and the radially radiated by the cone-shaped deflection surfaces Sound jacket led into the rear area of the housing.
  • the deflection plane according to the invention from the rear wall of the housing can be formed, is preferably located at a 45 ° angle and deflects the sound waves in such a way that they often to the Inner walls of the housing shell, which has a polygonal cross section has to be reflected.
  • An inserted in the housing cavity Damping material must be penetrated several times. Axial standing waves can don't train.
  • the extremely stable housing construction is very resonant and allows it to save the usual speaker basket and the membrane suspension and Drive unit to be fixed directly in the housing, e.g. if Aluminum or plastic are used as materials.
  • the membrane is designed as a spherical cap. In connection with a dome-shaped loudspeaker front, it becomes an almost perfect one Radiation behavior achieved in the described transition area.
  • Partial vibrations of the membrane are significantly suppressed when the Dome membrane according to the invention is divided into stabilizing segments by using a polygonal cross section. If there is an asymmetrical division is selected, those that occur primarily opposite each other Do not build up vibration fields. A reshaping of the edge area inwards. to a circular flange, gives additional shape stability and creates one Layer for attaching the membrane suspension.
  • the structure of the membrane in two zones and the elastic connection of the zones with each other - this can be a defined permanently elastic bond act - on the one hand again improves the radiation behavior, i.e. minimized Signs of bundling, on the other hand the efficiency for high frequencies.
  • the dip in the amplitude frequency response caused by the elastic coupling can be corrected with a band pass. A breakdown into further ring zones is limited possible.
  • the coil holder is attached in the center. Swashing movements of the membrane can end or double stored centering axis, which preferably consists of a light hollow body. be prevented.
  • the disturbing (damping and reflecting) centering spider can omitted.
  • FM distortion can be reduced if the center zone is off the Ring zone decoupled and with its own drive and membrane suspension is provided.
  • the central zone drive has space in front of the drive for the Ring zone, the center zone also being provided by a complete sound transducer element, e.g. a neodymium dome, can be represented.
  • the attachment of the inner Membrane suspension of the ring zone takes place on this drive or sound transducer, which at the same time ensures complete sealing to the housing. ever depending on the material properties of the membrane suspensions, this is one sufficient centering and zeroing possible.
  • a minor one Phase deviation can be countered electronically.
  • the subsequent one Housing leads back to the first solution, but can e.g. a ball housing with suitable inner contour.
  • the loudspeaker is already in the basic setup - with free installation (not too small a distance from the walls) - an astonishingly realistic plastic Reproduction of appropriately recorded sound events possible. He's also best prepared for active pretreatment of the sound signals if, among other things the full dynamic range should be used.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically the longitudinal section of the broadband speaker, in which a Sound converter (2) with conical membrane (4) in the dome-shaped front (6) is introduced, both by means of the membrane suspension (5) in a basket or in Housing (1) can be attached.
  • the drive unit (3) with a basket can also be used or the housing (1) or the rear wall.
  • the diagonally The created deflection plane (9) can be formed by the rear wall.
  • the conical running inner contour directs radially radiated sound components in the rear Area of the housing (1), the elimination process described subject.
  • Figure 2 shows the direct drive unit (3) and membrane suspension (5) on Enclosed sound transducers in convex and concave (dashed) design.
  • the centering axis (15) is supported at the end, while the bearing (16) is not is described in more detail, e.g. but can also be an elastic bead.
  • FIG. 3 shows the dome membrane divided into ring zone (12) and center zone (13) (10).
  • the zones are fastened together by means of an elastic connection (14) shown schematically.
  • the ring zone (12) must be stiffened in The coupling area expediently undergoes a reshaping.
  • Figure 3a shows an enlarged detail of this area.
  • FIG. 4 shows an arrangement with a separately driven center zone (13, 19).
  • the inner membrane suspension (17) connects the ring zone (12) to the second drive (19) or with the coil carrier (18).
  • the center zone (13) has its own Membrane suspension provided and can have its own sound transducer represent.
  • Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional housing (1) without loudspeaker.
  • the outer cross section is completely round, during the interior is polygonal, like the view into the housing and the recessed Show rear wall (9).
  • Figure 6 shows a three-dimensional image of Figure 3.
  • the view can at the same time Figures 2 and 4 illustrate. Ignoring the paragraph in the center, we see that Version according to FIG. 2, interpreting it as a membrane suspension, FIG. 4.
  • the polygonal outer contour of the dome-shaped loudspeaker front (6) demonstrated a workable combination of solutions.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A broadband loudspeaker radiating as an approximate point source, whose movable components are fastened to a dome-shaped loudspeaker front, wherein the loudspeaker front flares rearwardly to an enclosure shell disposed coaxially around the central axis of the enclosure and a diagonally disposed deflection plane, which can be formed as the back wall, faces the back side of the diaphragm. The inside cross section of the enclosure shell is preferably a polygon with an odd number of sides, as is the dome-shaped loudspeaker front and the loudspeaker diaphragm, which is preferably cup-shaped and which can be fastened directly to the loudspeaker front.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen annähernd punktförmig abstrahlenden Breitbandlautsprecher mit verbesserten Wiedergabeeigenschaften nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 7.The invention relates to an approximately point-emitting Broadband speakers with improved playback properties after the Claims 1 and 7.

Der Erfindungsgedanke orientiert sich dabei am ideal einer möglichst kleinen kugelförmig abstrahlenden Punktschaltquelle.The idea of the invention is based on the ideal as small as possible spherical radiating point switching source.

Generell haben Gehäuse großen Einfluß auf die akustischen Eigenschaften eines Lautsprechers, wobei jede Gehäuseform und beschaffenheit sowie die Anordnung des Schallwandlers im Gehäuse sehr charakteristische Auswirkungen auf die Wiedergabequalität hat. Die durch Gehäuse hervorgerufenen Wiedergabefehler sind anschließend selbst digital nur sehr schwer bis überhaupt nicht zu korrigieren und primär folgenden Ursachen zuzuordnen:

  • 1. Im Gehäuse bilden sich stehende Wellen, die störend auf die Membranrückseite einwirken.
  • 2. Die Schallwellen werden im Bereich der Diffraktionsfrequenz und darunter an den Lausprecherfront-Außenkanten gebeugt, was bei ungünstigen Gehäuseformen zu einem unregelmäßigen Abfall der Amplitude führt.
  • 3. An geraden Gehäusekanten werden Zylinderwellen gebildet, die sich hörwinkelabhängig dem Direktschall überlagern (Interferieren).
  • 4. Abhängig von Gehäusekonstruktion und verwendeten Materiallen treten mehr oder weniger starke Materialresonanzen auf, so daß Front- und Rückplatten schwingen. Als ungünstigste der gebräuchlichen Gehäuseformen In Bezug auf die vorgenannten Fehlerquellen hat sich der Würfel erwiesen, der bei zentrischem Einbau des Chassis kräftige Stehwellen und an den Lautsprecherfront-Außenkanten starke Zylinderwellen bildet. Als Kompromißlösung ist das Rechteckgehäuse mit drei unterschiedlichen Kantenlängen sehr verbreitet, weil sich die Stehwellen auf drei Frequenzen aufteilen und daher nicht so stark ausgeprägt auftreten. Möglich sind auch zusätzlich eingebaute Schallreflektoren, die diesen Effekt verringern sollen. Auch pyramidenförmige Gehäuse erfüllen ähnliche Zwecke. Interferenzfehler lassen sich dabei durch Anschrägen der Kanten etwas mildern. Fehler, durch Beugung und Überlagerung werden durch kugelförmige Gehäuse minimiert, wie es z.B. die DE-U- 7502568, gemäß welcher der Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 abgegrenzt wurde, zeigt. Die Kugel bringt jedoch ohne weitere Maßnahmen die kräftigsten Stehwellen hervor. Vorteilhaft ist bei dem vorgenannten Gebrauchsmuster die Membranbefestigung unmittelbar am Gehäuse, in der Abbildung jedoch ist die Lage der Membran in Bezug auf die Gehäuseaußenkante so unglücklich dargestellt, daß die Vorteile der kugelförmigen Gehäusefront nicht zum Tragen kommen.Hinzu kommen Fehler, die von der Membran verursacht werden:
  • 5. Ab "fb" [fb=C/(π-d) fb= Bündelungsfrequenz: C=Schallgeschwindigkeit; d= Membrandurchmesser] tritt die Bündelung der abgestrahlten Schallwellen zu höheren Frequenzen hin ein (die Formel bezieht sich auf eine ebene Membran, während eine konische Membran prinzipbedingt noch stärker bündelt).
  • 6. Abhängig von der Materialbeschaffenheit (Verwindungssteifhelt, innere Dämpfung u.a.) treten bei verschiedenen Frequenzen Materialresonanzen in Form von Partialschwingungen (störender Fremdschall durch partielle Membranverbiegung) auf.
  • 7. Fehler durch die Membranaufhängung (Taumelbewegungen) bei Kalotten.
  • 8. Fehler, der infolge der Membranaufhängung und Zentrierung (Masse/Federwirkung), ähnlich einem Filter 2. Ordnung, einen Amplitudenabfall bei der unteren Grenzfrequenz zur Folge hat.
    • In general, housings have a great influence on the acoustic properties of a loudspeaker, whereby each housing shape and quality as well as the arrangement of the sound transducer in the housing have very characteristic effects on the reproduction quality. The playback errors caused by the case are then difficult to correct even digitally, even digitally, and are primarily attributable to the following causes:
  • 1. Standing waves are formed in the housing, which have a disruptive effect on the back of the membrane.
  • 2. The sound waves are diffracted in the area of the diffraction frequency and below at the outer edges of the speaker, which leads to an irregular drop in amplitude in the case of unfavorable housing shapes.
  • 3. Cylinder shafts are formed on straight edges of the housing, which are superimposed on the direct sound depending on the hearing angle (interference).
  • 4. Depending on the housing construction and the materials used, more or less strong material resonances occur, so that the front and back plates vibrate. The most unfavorable of the customary housing shapes with regard to the aforementioned sources of error has been found to be the cube, which forms strong standing waves when the chassis is installed centrally and strong cylinder waves on the outer edges of the loudspeakers. As a compromise solution, the rectangular housing with three different edge lengths is very common because the standing waves are divided into three frequencies and therefore do not appear as pronounced. Additional built-in sound reflectors are also possible to reduce this effect. Pyramid-shaped housings also serve similar purposes. Interference errors can be somewhat mitigated by chamfering the edges. Errors caused by diffraction and superimposition are minimized by spherical housings, as is shown, for example, by DE-U-7502568, according to which the preamble of claim 1 was delimited. However, the ball produces the strongest standing waves without any further measures. In the case of the aforementioned utility model, the diaphragm attachment directly to the housing is advantageous, but in the illustration the position of the diaphragm in relation to the outer edge of the housing is so unfortunate that the advantages of the spherical front of the housing do not come to fruition become:
  • 5. From "fb" [fb = C / (π-d) fb = bundling frequency: C = speed of sound; d = diaphragm diameter], the emitted sound waves are bundled to higher frequencies (the formula refers to a flat diaphragm, while a conical diaphragm, due to the principle, bundles even more).
  • 6. Depending on the nature of the material (torsion resistance, internal damping, etc.), material resonance occurs at different frequencies in the form of partial vibrations (disturbing external noise due to partial membrane bending).
  • 7. Faults due to the membrane suspension (wobble movements) in calottes.
  • 8. Error that, due to the membrane suspension and centering (mass / spring action), similar to a 2nd order filter, results in an amplitude drop at the lower cut-off frequency.

    • Die schwerwiegendsten Fehler In Bezug auf die räumliche Wiedergabequalität jedoch verursachen unterschiedliche Laufzeiten der Schallwellen bei nichtkoaxialen Mehrwegesystemen. Selbst wenn die Membranen auf einer Ebene liegen, treten Laufzeitfehler auf. Die originalgetreue dreidimensionale Wiedergabe einer Aufzeichnung mit zwei Mikrofonen ist damit nicht bzw. nur für einen fest fixierten Hörplatz annähernd möglich. Außerdem treten Halleffekte auf, die u.a. einen künstlichen Raumklang und größere Klangfülle vortäuschen. The most serious mistakes in terms of spatial rendering quality, however cause different propagation times of the sound waves in non-coaxial Multiway systems. Even if the membranes are on one level, kick Runtime error. The true-to-original three-dimensional rendering of a Recording with two microphones is therefore not possible or only for a fixed one Listening position almost possible. In addition, reverb effects occur that include one simulate artificial spatial sound and greater sonority.

    Demnach könnte ein Koaxiallautsprecher geeignet erscheinen, diesen Fehler zu beheben. Koaxiallautsprecher sind als Kombination Konus/Kalotte und Konus/Horn bekannt. Bei beiden Ausführungen befindet sich der Schallaustritt für den Hochtonbereich in der Trichtermündung eines Konus. Die Membran, die ohnehin schon den Ihr zugewiesenen Hochtonanteil moduliert, wird noch - bei der Kalotte mehr, beim Horn etwas weniger - mit den Schallwellen des Hochtonsystems beaufschlagt. Auch Ist nachteilig, daß die Schallanteile der sonst breitstrahlenden Kalotte durch den Konus frequenzabhängig gebündelt werden. Beim Hom stören In verschiedener Hinsicht die Vielfachrefexionen an den Innenwänden des Hornkörpers. Einen sinnvollen Ansatz liefert die koaxiale Ausführung, eines Hoch/Mittelton Kalottenlautsprechers aus der GB-A-2250658, gemäß welcher der Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 7 abgegrenzt wurde. Diese Patentanmeldung macht jedoch hinsichtlich der Unterdrückung von Partialschwingungen keine Aussagen.
    Diese vorgenannten Fehler führen zum Teil zu erheblichen harmonischen Verzerrungen.    As a result, a coaxial speaker may appear to be able to correct this error. Coaxial speakers are known as a cone / dome and cone / horn combination. In both versions, the sound outlet for the high frequency range is located in the cone mouth. The membrane, which already modulates the tweeter portion assigned to you, is still exposed to the sound waves of the tweeter system - more with the dome, a little less with the horn. It is also disadvantageous that the sound components of the otherwise wide-angle dome are bundled in a frequency-dependent manner by the cone. In the Hom disturb the multiple reflections on the inner walls of the horn body. A useful approach is provided by the coaxial design, a high / mid-range dome speaker from GB-A-2250658, according to which the preamble of claim 7 was delimited. However, this patent application makes no statements regarding the suppression of partial vibrations.
    These errors mentioned above lead to considerable harmonic distortions.

    Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung einen Lautsprecher mit verbesserten Wiedergabeeigenschaften zu schaffen, bei dem die beschriebenen Fehler weitgehend vermieden werden.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a speaker with improved Playback properties to create the errors described largely avoided.

    Die Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 7 auf zwei Wegen erfindungsgemäß gelöst. Die sich anschließenden Unteransprüche bilden den Erfindungsgegestand vorteilhaft weiter und zeigen mögliche Ausgestaltungsformen auf.The object is characterized by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 7 two ways solved according to the invention. Form the subsequent subclaims the subject of the invention advantageously further and show possible Design forms on.

    Auf dem ersten Weg bietet die kuppelförmige Lautsprecherfront den Vorteil, daß sich die Schalldruckwellen nicht abrupt an Gehäuse-Außenkanten brechen, sondern allmählich. Dadurch entstehen weder Interferenzen noch Unregelmäßigkelten im Amplitudenfrequenzverlauf. Der Übergangsbereich zwischen den Verhältnissen auf einer unendlichen Schallwand und denen am Ende einer langen Röhre verläuft hier regelmäßig. Der Schalldruck fällt gleichmäßig bis auf -6dB ab und kann leicht - z.B. bei einer passiven Lösung nach der Impedanzentzerrung - durch eine bekannte Schaltung im Signalweg, die den Schalldruckabfall unterhalb der Diffraktionsfrequenz (fd) ausgleicht, indem sie eine, frequenzabhängige Pegelabsenkung zuläßt, deren Eckfrequenz = fd ist, ausgeglichen werden. Dadurch wird der Frequenzgang linearisiert und es stellt sich der Amplitudenfrequenzgang elner unendlichen Schallwand ein. On the first route, the dome-shaped loudspeaker front offers the advantage that the sound pressure waves do not break abruptly at the outer edges of the housing, but gradually. As a result, there are no interferences or irregularities in the amplitude frequency curve. The transition area between the conditions on an infinite baffle and those at the end of a long tube runs regularly here. The sound pressure drops evenly down to -6dB and can easily - e.g. with a passive solution after the impedance equalization - by a known circuit in the signal path, which compensates for the sound pressure drop below the diffraction frequency (f d ) by allowing a frequency-dependent level reduction, the Cutoff frequency = f d , must be compensated. This linearizes the frequency response and sets the amplitude frequency response of an infinite baffle.

    Im Inneren dieser Kuppel werden die axial abgestrahlten Schallwellen unmittelbar, und durch die konusförmtg angeordneten Ablenkflächen die radial abgestrahlten Schallantelle in den hinteren Bereich des Gehäuses geführt. Dort treffen sie auf die erfindungsgemäße Umlenkebene, die von der Gehäuserückwand gebildet werden kann, sich vorzugsweise im 45° Winkel befindet und die Schallwellen derart ablenkt, daß sie vielfach an den Innenwänden des Gehäusemantels, der einen polygonalen Querschnitt aufweist, reflektiert werden. Ein In den Gehäusehohlraum eingebrachtes Dämpfungsmaterial muß mehrfach durchdrungen werden. Axiale Stehwellen können sich nicht ausbilden.Inside this dome, the axially radiated sound waves are immediately and the radially radiated by the cone-shaped deflection surfaces Sound jacket led into the rear area of the housing. There they meet the deflection plane according to the invention, from the rear wall of the housing can be formed, is preferably located at a 45 ° angle and deflects the sound waves in such a way that they often to the Inner walls of the housing shell, which has a polygonal cross section has to be reflected. An inserted in the housing cavity Damping material must be penetrated several times. Axial standing waves can don't train.

    Durch die ungeradzahlige polygonale Ausführung des Gehäuseinnenquerschnitts werden radiale Stehwellen auf mehrere Frequenzen verteilt - abhängig von der Segmentezahl - und damit bereits deutlich abgeschwächt, bevor sie ebenfalls vom Dämpfungsmaterial eliminiert werden.Due to the odd-numbered polygonal design of the housing cross section radial standing waves are distributed over several frequencies - depending on the Number of segments - and thus already significantly weakened before they also dated Damping material can be eliminated.

    Die äußerst stabile Gehäusekonstruktion ist sehr resonanzarm und läßt es zu, den üblichen Lautsprecherkorb einzusparen und die Membranaufhängung und die Antriebseinheit direkt Im Gehäuse zu befestigen, wenn z.B. Aluminium oder Kunststoff als Werkstoffe zum Einsatz kommen.The extremely stable housing construction is very resonant and allows it to save the usual speaker basket and the membrane suspension and Drive unit to be fixed directly in the housing, e.g. if Aluminum or plastic are used as materials.

    Der andere Weg führt über die Verbesserung der Membranabstrahlung an sich. Um das Bündelungsverhalten der Lautsprechermembran zu verbessern, d.h., den Abstrahlwinkel zu vergrößern, wird die Membran als Kalotte ausgelegt. In Verbindung mit einer kuppelförmigen Lautsprecherfront wird so ein beinahe perfektes Abstrahlverhaltens im beschriebenen Übergangsbereich erreicht.The other way is to improve the membrane radiation itself. To improve the bundling behavior of the loudspeaker diaphragm, i.e. the To enlarge the beam angle, the membrane is designed as a spherical cap. In connection with a dome-shaped loudspeaker front, it becomes an almost perfect one Radiation behavior achieved in the described transition area.

    Partialschwingungen der Membran werden erheblich unterdrückt, wenn die Kalottenmembran erfindungsgemäß in stabilisierende Segmente gegliedert ist, indem sie mit einem polygonalen Querschnitt versehen wird. Wenn dazu eine unsymmetrische Teilung gewählt wird, können sich die vornehmlich gegenüberliegend auftretenden Schwingungsfelder nicht aufbauen. Eine Umformung des Randbereichs nach innen. zu einem kreisförmigen Flansch, gibt ergänzende Formstabilität und schafft eine Ebene zum Befestigen der Membranaufhängung. Partial vibrations of the membrane are significantly suppressed when the Dome membrane according to the invention is divided into stabilizing segments by using a polygonal cross section. If there is an asymmetrical division is selected, those that occur primarily opposite each other Do not build up vibration fields. A reshaping of the edge area inwards. to a circular flange, gives additional shape stability and creates one Layer for attaching the membrane suspension.

    Die Gliederung der Membran In zwei Zonen und die elastische Verbindung der Zonen miteinander - dabei kann es sich um eine definierte dauerelastische Verklebung handeln - verbessert zum einen nochmals das Abstrahlverhalten, d.h. minimiert Bündelungserscheinungen, zum anderen den Wirkungsgrad für hohe Frequenzen. Der durch die elastische Ankoppelung verursachte Einbruch im Amplitudenfrequenzgang läßt sich mit einem Bandpaß korrigieren. Eine Aufgliederung in weitere Ringzonen ist begrenzt möglich. Die Befestigung des Spulenträgers erfolgt jeweils im Zentrum. Taumelbewegungen der Membran können mit elner endseitig oder doppelt gelagerten Zentrierachse, die vorzugsweise aus einem leichten Hohlkörper besteht. verhindert werden. Die störende (dämpfende u. reflektierende) Zentrierspinne kann entfallen.The structure of the membrane in two zones and the elastic connection of the zones with each other - this can be a defined permanently elastic bond act - on the one hand again improves the radiation behavior, i.e. minimized Signs of bundling, on the other hand the efficiency for high frequencies. The dip in the amplitude frequency response caused by the elastic coupling can be corrected with a band pass. A breakdown into further ring zones is limited possible. The coil holder is attached in the center. Swashing movements of the membrane can end or double stored centering axis, which preferably consists of a light hollow body. be prevented. The disturbing (damping and reflecting) centering spider can omitted.

    FM-Verzerrungen schließlich lassen sich reduzieren, wenn die Zentrumszone von der Ringzone abgekoppelt und mit eigenem Antrieb und eigener Membranaufhängung versehen wird. Der Antrieb der Zentrumszone hat Platz vor dem Antrieb für die Ringzone, wobei die Zentrumszone auch durch ein komplettes Schallwandierelement, z.B. eine Neodymkalotte, dargestellt werden kann. Die Befestigung der inneren Membranaufhängung der Ringzone erfolgt an diesem Antrieb bzw. Schallwandler, wodurch gleichzeitig die vollständige Abdichtung zum Gehäuse gewährleistet ist. Je nach Materialbeschaffenheit der Membranaufhängungen ist hiermit allein eine ausreichende Zentrierung und Nullstellung möglich. Einer geringfügigen Phasenobweichung kann elektronisch begegnet werden. Das anschließende Gehäuse führt zum ersten Lösungsweg zurück, kann aber z.B. ein Kugelgehäuse mit geeigneter Innenkontur sein.Finally, FM distortion can be reduced if the center zone is off the Ring zone decoupled and with its own drive and membrane suspension is provided. The central zone drive has space in front of the drive for the Ring zone, the center zone also being provided by a complete sound transducer element, e.g. a neodymium dome, can be represented. The attachment of the inner Membrane suspension of the ring zone takes place on this drive or sound transducer, which at the same time ensures complete sealing to the housing. ever depending on the material properties of the membrane suspensions, this is one sufficient centering and zeroing possible. A minor one Phase deviation can be countered electronically. The subsequent one Housing leads back to the first solution, but can e.g. a ball housing with suitable inner contour.

    Im Ergebnis ist mit dem Lautsprecher schon im Gründaufbau - bei freier Aufstellung (nicht zu kleiner Abstand von den Wänden) - eine verblüffend originalnahe plastische Reproduktion geeignet aufgezeichneter Schallereignisse möglich. Er ist auch bestmöglich für eine aktive Vorbehandlung der Tonsignale vorbereitet, wenn u.a. der volle Dynamikumfang genutzt werden soll. As a result, the loudspeaker is already in the basic setup - with free installation (not too small a distance from the walls) - an astonishingly realistic plastic Reproduction of appropriately recorded sound events possible. He's also best prepared for active pretreatment of the sound signals if, among other things the full dynamic range should be used.

    Anhand der Abbildungen werden die Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail with the aid of the figures.

    Figur 1 zeigt schematisch den Längsschnitt des Breitbandlautsprechers, bei dem ein Schallwandler (2) mit konusförmiger Membran (4) in die kuppelförmige Front (6) eingebracht ist, die mittels der Membranaufhängung (5) sowohl In einem Korb oder im Gehäuse (1) befestigt sein kann. Ebenfalls kann die Antriebseinheit (3) mit einem Korb oder dem Gehäuse (1) bzw. der Rückwand verbunden sein. Die diagonal angelegte Umlenkebene (9) kann durch die Rückwand gebildet werden. Die konisch verlaufende Innenkontur lenkt radial abgestrahlte Schallanteile in den hinteren Bereich des Gehäuses (1), wobei sie dem beschriebenen eliminierenden Prozeß unterliegen.Figure 1 shows schematically the longitudinal section of the broadband speaker, in which a Sound converter (2) with conical membrane (4) in the dome-shaped front (6) is introduced, both by means of the membrane suspension (5) in a basket or in Housing (1) can be attached. The drive unit (3) with a basket can also be used or the housing (1) or the rear wall. The diagonally The created deflection plane (9) can be formed by the rear wall. The conical running inner contour directs radially radiated sound components in the rear Area of the housing (1), the elimination process described subject.

    Figur 2 zeigt den unmittelbar mit Antriebseinheit (3) und Membranaufhängung (5) am Gehäuse befestigten Schallwandler in konvexer und konkaver (gestrichelt) Ausführung. Die Zentrierachse (15) ist im Beispiel endseitig gelagert, wöbei das Lager (16) nicht näher beschrieben wird, z.B. aber auch eine elastische Sicke sein kann.Figure 2 shows the direct drive unit (3) and membrane suspension (5) on Enclosed sound transducers in convex and concave (dashed) design. In the example, the centering axis (15) is supported at the end, while the bearing (16) is not is described in more detail, e.g. but can also be an elastic bead.

    Figur 3 zeigt die In Ringzone (12) und Zentrumszone (13) aufgeteilte Kolottenmembran (10). Die Befestigung der Zonen miteinander mittels elastischer Verbindung (14) Ist schematisch dargestellt. Die Ringzone (12) muß zur Versteifung im Ankoppelungsbereich zweckmäßigerweise eine Umformung erfahren. Figur 3a zeigt eine Ausschnittsvergrößerug dieses Bereichs.FIG. 3 shows the dome membrane divided into ring zone (12) and center zone (13) (10). The zones are fastened together by means of an elastic connection (14) shown schematically. The ring zone (12) must be stiffened in The coupling area expediently undergoes a reshaping. Figure 3a shows an enlarged detail of this area.

    Figur 4 zeigt eine Anordnung mit separat angetriebener Zentrumszone (13,19). Die innere Membranaufhängung (17) verbindet die Ringzone (12) mit dem zweiten Antrieb (19) bzw. mit dem Spulenträger (18). Die Zentrumszone (13) ist dabei mit eigener Membranaufhängung versehen und kann einen vollständig eigenen Schallwandler darstellen.FIG. 4 shows an arrangement with a separately driven center zone (13, 19). The inner membrane suspension (17) connects the ring zone (12) to the second drive (19) or with the coil carrier (18). The center zone (13) has its own Membrane suspension provided and can have its own sound transducer represent.

    Figur 5 zeigt ein dreidimensional dargestelltes Gehäuse (1) ohne Lautsprecher. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Außenquerschnitt vollständig rund, während der innenraum vieleckig ausgeführt ist, wie der Einblick ins Gehäuse und die eingelassene Rückwand (9) zeigen. Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional housing (1) without loudspeaker. In In this embodiment, the outer cross section is completely round, during the the interior is polygonal, like the view into the housing and the recessed Show rear wall (9).

    Figur 6 zeigt eine dreidimensionale Abbildung von Figur 3. Die Ansicht kann zugleich die Figuren 2 und 4 illustrieren. Den Absatz im Zentrum ignorierend sehen wir die Ausführung nach Figur 2, ihn als Membranaufhängung interpretierend Figur 4. Zugleich ist durch die polygonale Außenkontur der kuppelförmigen Lautsprecherfront (6) eine praktikable Kombination der Lösungswege gezeigt.Figure 6 shows a three-dimensional image of Figure 3. The view can at the same time Figures 2 and 4 illustrate. Ignoring the paragraph in the center, we see that Version according to FIG. 2, interpreting it as a membrane suspension, FIG. 4. At the same time, the polygonal outer contour of the dome-shaped loudspeaker front (6) demonstrated a workable combination of solutions.

    Claims (17)

    1. A loudspeaker,
      with an enclosure (1) provided with a dome-shaped loudspeaker front (6), which flares rearwardly to an enclosure shell (8) disposed coaxially around the central axis (7) of the loudspeaker, and
      with a sound transducer (2), which is provided with a driver unit (3), a diaphragm (4) and a diaphragm suspension (5),
      wherein the sound transducer (2) is fastened to the dome-shaped loudspeaker front (6),
      characterized in that
      a diagonal deflection plane (9) for deflecting the sound waves is disposed facing the back side of the diaphragm (4) on the inside of the enclosure, and
      the inside cross section of the enclosure shell (8) describes a polygon, which has an odd number of sides.
    2. A loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the diagonal deflection plane (9) is formed by the back wall of the enclosure (1).
    3. A loudspeaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle between the deflection plane (9) and the central axis of the loudspeaker is preferably 45°.
    4. A loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deflection plane (9) is positioned such that an open angle of the polygon face it.
    5. A loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inside contour of the dome-shaped loudspeaker front (6) is provided with a rearwardly conical shape from the outer fastening flange of the diaphragm (4) to the enclosure shell (8).
    6. A loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the enclosure shell (8) has conical shape.
    7. A loudspeaker,
      with an enclosure (1),
      with a sound transducer (2), which is provided with a driver unit (3) fixed with the enclosure (1), a diaphragm (4) and a diaphragm suspension (5) connecting the diaphragm (4) with the enclosure (1),
      wherein the diaphragm (4) is formed as a cup (10),
      characterized in that
      the cup (10) is provided with a polygonal base.
    8. A loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the polygonal base of the cup (4) [sic: 10] has an odd number of sides.
    9. A loudspeaker according to claim 8, characterized in that the cup (10) is bent inwardly in the rim region to obtain a circular flange (11).
    10. A loudspeaker according to claim 9, characterized in that the diaphragm suspension (5) is fastened to the flange (11).
    11. A loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the cup (10) is joined to a centering axis (15), which is supported (16) in the enclosure (1).
    12. A loudspeaker according to claim 10, characterized in that the cup (10) is divided into an annular zone (12) and a center zone (13).
    13. A loudspeaker according to claim 12, characterized in that the annular zone (12) is joined to the center zone (13) in permanently elastic manner by a joint element (14).
    14. A loudspeaker according to claim 13, characterized in that the driver unit (3) acts on the center zone (13).
    15. A loudspeaker according to claims 12, characterized in that the center zone (13) is an independent sound transducer with separate driver (19).
    16. A loudspeaker according to claim 15, characterized in that the driver (19) for the center zone (13) is disposed in front of the driver unit (3) for the annular zone (12).
    17. A loudspeaker according to claim 16, characterized in that the annular zone (12) is fastened with a second, inner diaphragm suspension (17) to the coil former (18) of the driver unit (3) and to the second driver (19).
    EP98919104A 1997-03-17 1998-03-17 Broadband loudspeaker Expired - Lifetime EP1016317B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19710967 1997-03-17
    DE19710967A DE19710967C1 (en) 1997-03-17 1997-03-17 Full range speakers
    PCT/EP1998/001526 WO1998042160A2 (en) 1997-03-17 1998-03-17 Broadband loudspeaker

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1016317A2 EP1016317A2 (en) 2000-07-05
    EP1016317B1 true EP1016317B1 (en) 2002-05-29

    Family

    ID=7823608

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98919104A Expired - Lifetime EP1016317B1 (en) 1997-03-17 1998-03-17 Broadband loudspeaker

    Country Status (14)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6385324B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP1016317B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2002509666A (en)
    AT (1) ATE218266T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU7207398A (en)
    CA (1) CA2284678A1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19710967C1 (en)
    IL (1) IL131879A0 (en)
    IS (1) IS5179A (en)
    NO (1) NO994467L (en)
    NZ (1) NZ337842A (en)
    PL (1) PL335614A1 (en)
    TR (1) TR199902284T2 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998042160A2 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    JP2002509666A (en) 2002-03-26
    DE19710967C1 (en) 1998-10-22
    US6385324B1 (en) 2002-05-07
    EP1016317A2 (en) 2000-07-05
    IL131879A0 (en) 2001-03-19
    WO1998042160A2 (en) 1998-09-24
    NZ337842A (en) 2001-01-26
    DE59804255D1 (en) 2002-07-04
    PL335614A1 (en) 2000-05-08
    NO994467D0 (en) 1999-09-15
    TR199902284T2 (en) 1999-12-21
    NO994467L (en) 1999-11-09
    ATE218266T1 (en) 2002-06-15
    IS5179A (en) 1999-09-14
    CA2284678A1 (en) 1998-09-24
    AU7207398A (en) 1998-10-12
    WO1998042160A3 (en) 1998-12-17

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