EP0444256B1 - Fuel injection device for injection-type internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Fuel injection device for injection-type internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0444256B1 EP0444256B1 EP90122917A EP90122917A EP0444256B1 EP 0444256 B1 EP0444256 B1 EP 0444256B1 EP 90122917 A EP90122917 A EP 90122917A EP 90122917 A EP90122917 A EP 90122917A EP 0444256 B1 EP0444256 B1 EP 0444256B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump piston
- recess
- suction
- piston
- control edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/001—Pumps with means for preventing erosion on fuel discharge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/06—Pumps peculiar thereto
- F02M45/066—Having specially arranged spill port and spill contour on the piston
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection device for injection internal combustion engines, in which the pump piston liner has at least one suction and overflow bore, which is smoothed by control edges of the pump piston, and the delivery end is determined by controlling the suction and overflow bore, at least one in the area of the piston face Arranged control edge determines the start of delivery and at least one, in particular inclined, control edge arranged on the piston skirt determines the end of delivery, the delivery of the fuel being interrupted in order to achieve a pre-injection and main injection, and the pump piston sleeve on its surface forming the piston guide in front of the working area of the pump piston and when the pre-injection has ended, there is a connection-related recess which, when the pre-injection ends, is opened by a control edge of the pump piston and with the suction and overflow bore is connected.
- Such a device is known from GB-PS 893 621.
- the working chamber of the pump piston is connected to the suction and overflow bore via a recess in the running surface of the pump piston bushing at the end of the pre-injection and the pressure in the working chamber is thereby reduced.
- the connection is made via an annular groove in the pump piston and the fuel that is shut off is therefore tangential to the suction and overflow bore.
- purging only takes place between the pre-injection and the main injection, and only the relatively lower pressure that occurs during the pre-injection can be used for the purging.
- a flush is not provided before the end of the main injection and just at the end of the main injection very high pressures occur, for example over 800 bar, which cause cavitation during relaxation.
- the invention aims to achieve an intensive flushing of the suction and overflow bore. This flushing should take place during the pre-injection and during the delivery break during the shutdown after the main injection.
- the invention essentially consists in that the pump piston has recesses in the areas overlapping the suction and overflow bore and the recess of the pump piston bushing, into which at least one transverse bore of the pump piston opens and which are delimited at the top by control edges.
- the fuel that is turned off at the end of the pre-injection reaches the suction and overflow bore in a directed jet, thereby intensively flushing the suction and overflow bore.
- the recesses of the pump piston are expediently arranged on opposite sides of the same, preferably centrally symmetrically.
- the recess of the pump piston sleeve is formed by an externally closed bore arranged in the axis of the suction and overflow bore and preferably having the same diameter as this bore, the upper control edge of the piston cooperating with the externally closed bore of the piston being lower lies as the control edge of the same interacting with the suction and overflow bore.
- the arrangement is such that the distance between the control edge delimiting the recess of the pump piston sleeve cooperating with the recess on the top of the pump piston and the upper associated control edge of the pump piston is less than the dimension of the pump piston extending in the axial direction Recess of the pump piston liner or as the diameter of the closed bore.
- control edges delimiting the recesses of the piston at the top simultaneously overlap the lower limits of the suction and overflow bore and the recess or the externally closed bore of the pump piston liner.
- the design can also be such that first the upper control edge assigned to the suction and overflow bore grinds over the lower edge of the suction and overflow bore and a little later the upper control edge assigned to the recess of the pump piston bushing overlaps the lower edge of the recess or the externally closed bore blended.
- the design is preferably such that the control edges delimiting the recesses of the piston below run parallel to the oblique control edges which determine the end of the main injection at a distance from them which is smaller than the diameter of the suction and overflow bore and as the dimension of the recess extending in the axial direction of the pump piston the pump piston liner. It is thereby achieved that after the main injection has ended, the deactivated fuel flows into the suction and overflow bore in a main flow via the oblique control edges and in a secondary flow via the recesses and transverse bore of the pump piston, and the main flow is thereby deflected, as a result of which cavitations in the suction and overflow drilling can be avoided.
- the arrangement can also be such that on the recess of the pump piston liner, the control edge delimiting the recesses of the piston at the bottom runs parallel to the oblique control edge that determines the end of the main injection at a distance from it that is smaller than that in the axial direction of the pump piston extending dimension of the recess of the pump piston liner, and that the control edge assigned to the recess grinds the lower edge of the recess slightly earlier before the control edge assigned to the suction and overflow opening grinds over the suction and overflow bore.
- two intersecting transverse bores are provided in the pump piston, opening into the upper corners of the recesses of the pump piston. It is thereby achieved that, when the pump piston is rotated, at least one transverse bore opens near the suction and overflow bore, so that the direction of the jet to the axis of the suction and overflow bore is improved. Characterized in that these transverse bores open into the upper corners of the recesses of the pump piston, the advantage is achieved that in the first phase of the overflow the fuel jet is better directed towards the suction and overflow bore. But it can also be according to the invention, an additional, in the lower corners of the recesses Pump bore opening transverse bore can be provided in the pump piston, which causes an improved direction of the fuel jet to the suction and overflow bore during the further stroke of the piston.
- 1 shows a side view of the upper part of the pump piston.
- 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of FIG. 1 through the pump piston and through the pump piston sleeve.
- 3 to 7 show a development of the outer surface of the pump piston, the interaction of the control edges of the pump piston with the suction and overflow opening being shown on the left side and the interaction of the control edges of the pump piston with the externally closed bore of the pump piston sleeve being shown on the right , in the different stroke phases of the pump piston.
- the pump piston 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has oblique control edges 2 and 3.
- the recess 5 is connected to the working space of the pump piston 1 via vertical grooves 4.
- recesses 6 and 7 are provided, which are delimited at the top by control edges 8 and 9 and at the bottom by control edges 10 and 11. In these recesses 6 and 7 intersecting cross bores 12 and 13.
- the recess 6 is after grinding the control edge 8 with the externally closed bore 14 of the pump piston sleeve 15 in connection and the recess 7 is after grinding the control edge 9 with the suction and overflow bore 16 in connection.
- the piston end face 17 has a control edge 18 on the left, which cooperates with the suction and overflow bore 16.
- the piston end face is stepped and has a lower-lying control edge 19 which interacts with the bore 14 of the pump piston sleeve 15, which bore is sealed off from the outside.
- the intersecting transverse bores 12 and 13 open into the upper corners of the recesses 6 and 7. It can still an additional transverse bore 20 may be provided, which opens into the lower corners of the recesses 6 and 7.
- FIG 3 shows the piston position at the start of the pre-injection.
- the control edge 18 has closed the suction and overflow bore 16
- the externally closed bore 14 of the pump piston bushing 15 is open through the control edge 19 to the working space 21 of the pump piston 1 and the pressure can build up in this bore 14.
- the control edge 8 grinds the externally closed bore 14 and the working space 21 is connected to the recess 6 via the externally closed bore 14.
- the recess 6 is connected to the recess 7 via the transverse bores 12 and 13, and the control edge 9 opens the suction and overflow bore 16, as a result of which the pre-injection is ended.
- FIG. 6 shows the piston position at the start of the main injection.
- the control edge 19 has closed the externally closed bore 14, and the pressure in the working space 21 is built up.
- the cross-rinsing shown in Fig. 5 has ended.
- FIG. 7 shows the piston position when the main injection is complete.
- the oblique control edge 3 has opened the suction and overflow bore and the fuel occurs in one indicated by the arrow 22 Main jet into the suction and overflow bore 16.
- the control edge 2 has opened the externally closed bore 14 and the fuel can pass from the recess 5 into the recess 6 and via the transverse bores 12, 13 into the recess 7.
- the fuel enters the suction and overflow bore 16 in a secondary jet indicated by the arrow 23.
- This secondary jet deflects the main jet, so that the wall of the suction and overflow bore 16 is protected against cavitation.
- air and gas bubbles are also flushed out of the suction and overflow bore 16.
- a second rinse takes place, while the cross-rinse shown in FIG.
- the recess 24 only serves to achieve an equilibrium with the step formed by the control edge 19 so that the piston does not rub on one side.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen, bei welcher die Pumpenkolbenbüchse wenigstens eine Saug- und Überströmbohrung aufweist, die durch Steuerkanten des Pumpenkolbens überschliffen wird, und das Förderende durch Aufsteuerung der Saug- und Überströmbohrung bestimmt wird, wobei wenigstens eine im Bereich der Kolbenstirnfläche angeordnete Steuerkante den Förderbeginn und wenigstens eine am Kolbenmantel angeordnete, insbesondere schräge, Steuerkante das Förderende bestimmt, wobei die Förderung des Kraftstoffes zur Erreichung einer Vor- und Haupteinspritzung unterbrochen wird und wobei die Pumpenkolbenbüchse an ihrer die Kolbenführung bildenden Fläche eine mit dem Arbeitsraum des Pumpenkolbens vor und bei Beendigung der Voreinspritzung in Verbindung stehende Ausnehmung aufweist, welche bei Beendigung der Voreinspritzung durch eine Steuerkante des Pumpenkolbens aufgesteuert und mit der Saug- und Überströmbohrung verbunden wird. Eine solche Einrichtung ist aus der GB-PS 893 621 bekannt geworden. Bei dieser bekannten Ausbildung wird am Ende der Voreinspritzung der Arbeitsraum des Pumpenkolbens über eine Ausnehmung in der Lauffläche der Pumpenkolbenbüchse mit der Saug- und Überströmbohrung verbunden und dadurch der Druck im Arbeitsraum abgebaut. Die Verbindung erfolgt hiebei über eine Ringnut des Pumpenkolbens und der abgesteuerte Brennstoff gelangt daher tangential zur Saug- und Überströmbohrung. Überdies findet hier eine Spülung nur zwischen Vor- und Haupteinspritzung statt, wobei nur der verhältnismäßig geringere Druck, welcher bei der Voreinspritzung auftritt, zur Spülung ausgenützt werden kann. Vor dem Ende der Haupteinspritzung ist eine Spülung nicht vorgesehen und gerade am Ende der Haupteinspritzung treten sehr hohe Drücke, beispielsweise über 800 bar auf, welche bei der Entspannung Kavitationen hervorrufen.The invention relates to a fuel injection device for injection internal combustion engines, in which the pump piston liner has at least one suction and overflow bore, which is smoothed by control edges of the pump piston, and the delivery end is determined by controlling the suction and overflow bore, at least one in the area of the piston face Arranged control edge determines the start of delivery and at least one, in particular inclined, control edge arranged on the piston skirt determines the end of delivery, the delivery of the fuel being interrupted in order to achieve a pre-injection and main injection, and the pump piston sleeve on its surface forming the piston guide in front of the working area of the pump piston and when the pre-injection has ended, there is a connection-related recess which, when the pre-injection ends, is opened by a control edge of the pump piston and with the suction and overflow bore is connected. Such a device is known from GB-PS 893 621. In this known design, the working chamber of the pump piston is connected to the suction and overflow bore via a recess in the running surface of the pump piston bushing at the end of the pre-injection and the pressure in the working chamber is thereby reduced. The connection is made via an annular groove in the pump piston and the fuel that is shut off is therefore tangential to the suction and overflow bore. Moreover, purging only takes place between the pre-injection and the main injection, and only the relatively lower pressure that occurs during the pre-injection can be used for the purging. A flush is not provided before the end of the main injection and just at the end of the main injection very high pressures occur, for example over 800 bar, which cause cavitation during relaxation.
Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, eine intensive Spülung der Saug- und Überströmbohrung zu erreichen. Diese Spülung soll während der Voreinspritzung und in der Förderpause während des Absteuerns nach der Haupteinspritzung stattfinden. Zur Erfüllung dieser Aufgabe besteht die Erfindung im wesentlichen darin, daß der Pumpenkolben in den die Saug- und Überströmbohrung und die Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse überschleifenden Bereichen Ausnehmungen aufweist, in welche wenigstens eine Querbohrung des Pumpenkolbens mündet und welche oben durch Steuerkanten begrenzt sind. Auf diese Art gelangt der am Ende der Voreinspritzung abgesteuerte Brennstoff in einem gerichteten Strahl zur Saug- und Überströmbohrung und es wird dadurch eine intensive Spülung der Saug- und Überströmbohrung erreicht. Die Ausnehmungen des Pumpenkolbens sind gemäß der Erfindung zweckmäßig an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten desselben, vorzugsweise zentralsymmetrisch, angeordnet.The invention aims to achieve an intensive flushing of the suction and overflow bore. This flushing should take place during the pre-injection and during the delivery break during the shutdown after the main injection. To achieve this object, the invention essentially consists in that the pump piston has recesses in the areas overlapping the suction and overflow bore and the recess of the pump piston bushing, into which at least one transverse bore of the pump piston opens and which are delimited at the top by control edges. In this way, the fuel that is turned off at the end of the pre-injection reaches the suction and overflow bore in a directed jet, thereby intensively flushing the suction and overflow bore. According to the invention, the recesses of the pump piston are expediently arranged on opposite sides of the same, preferably centrally symmetrically.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse von einer außen abgeschlossenen in der Achse der Saug- und Überströmbohrung angeordneten und vorzugsweise den gleichen Durchmesser wie diese aufweisenden Bohrung gebildet, wobei die mit der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse zusammenwirkende obere Steuerkante des Kolbens tiefer liegt als die mit der Saug- und Überströmbohrung zusammenwirkende Steuerkante desselben. Dadurch wird die Herstellung der Ausnehmung in der Pumpenkolbenbüchse vereinfacht, da die Saug- und Überströmbohrung bis in die gegenüberliegende Seite der Pumpenkolbenbüchse durchgeführt werden kann, um diese Ausnehmung zu schaffen. Da aber bei dieser Ausführungsform die die Ausnehmung bildende Bohrung in der Pumpenkolbenbüchse in gleicher Höhe wie die Saug- und Überströmbohrung liegen muß, wird dies dadurch ausgeglichen, daß die Stirnfläche des Kolbens abgestuft wird, so daß die obere Steuerkante des Kolbens auf der Seite der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse tiefer liegt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the recess of the pump piston sleeve is formed by an externally closed bore arranged in the axis of the suction and overflow bore and preferably having the same diameter as this bore, the upper control edge of the piston cooperating with the externally closed bore of the piston being lower lies as the control edge of the same interacting with the suction and overflow bore. This simplifies the production of the recess in the pump piston liner, since the suction and overflow bore can be carried out into the opposite side of the pump piston liner in order to create this recess. But since in this embodiment the hole forming the recess in the pump piston liner must be at the same height as the suction and overflow hole, this is compensated for by the fact that the end face of the Piston is stepped so that the upper control edge of the piston is lower on the side of the recess of the pump piston liner.
Gemäß einer weiteren, bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Anordnung so getroffen, daß der Abstand der die mit der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse zusammenwirkende Ausnehmung des Pumpenkolbens oben begrenzende Steuerkante von der oberen zugehörigen Steuerkante des Pumpenkolbens geringer ist als die sich in Achsrichtung des Pumpenkolbens erstreckende Abmessung der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse bzw. als der Durchmesser der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung. Auf diese Weise wird nach Beendigung der Voreinspritzung die Überströmung des Kraftstoffes aus dem Arbeitsraum des Pumpenkolbens zu der Ausnehmung desselben ermöglicht, da die Ausnehmung bzw. die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung in der Pumpenkolbenbüchse infolge des geringen Abstandes der Steuerkanten nicht völlig abgedeckt wird. Es erfolgt daher die Abströmung des Kraftstoffes über die Ausnehmung im Pumpenkolben über die Saug- und Überströmbohrung. Hiebei überschleifen gemäß der Erfindung die die Ausnehmungen des Kolbens oben begrenzende Steuerkanten die unteren Begrenzungen der Saug- und Überströmbohrung und der Ausnehmung bzw. der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse gleichzeitig. Es kann aber die Ausbildung auch so getroffen sein, daß zuerst die der Saug- und Überströmbohrung zugeordnete obere Steuerkante die Unterkante der Saug- und Überströmbohrung überschleift und wenig später die der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse zugeordnete obere Steuerkante die Unterkante der Ausnehmung bzw. der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung überschleift.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the arrangement is such that the distance between the control edge delimiting the recess of the pump piston sleeve cooperating with the recess on the top of the pump piston and the upper associated control edge of the pump piston is less than the dimension of the pump piston extending in the axial direction Recess of the pump piston liner or as the diameter of the closed bore. In this way, the overflow of the fuel from the working space of the pump piston to the recess is made possible after the end of the pre-injection, since the recess or the externally closed bore in the pump piston bushing is not completely covered due to the small distance between the control edges. The fuel therefore flows out via the recess in the pump piston via the suction and overflow bore. Here, according to the invention, the control edges delimiting the recesses of the piston at the top simultaneously overlap the lower limits of the suction and overflow bore and the recess or the externally closed bore of the pump piston liner. However, the design can also be such that first the upper control edge assigned to the suction and overflow bore grinds over the lower edge of the suction and overflow bore and a little later the upper control edge assigned to the recess of the pump piston bushing overlaps the lower edge of the recess or the externally closed bore blended.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Ausbildung vorzugsweise so getroffen, daß die die Ausnehmungen des Kolbens unten begrenzenden Steuerkanten parallel zu den schrägen, das Ende der Haupteinspritzung bestimmenden Steuerkanten in einem Abstand von diesen verlaufen, welcher kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der Saug- und Überströmbohrung und als die sich in Achsrichtung des Pumpenkolbens erstreckende Abmessung der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß nach Beendigung der Haupteinspritzung der abgesteuerte Kraftstoff in einem Hauptstrom über die schrägen Steuerkanten und in einem Nebenstrom über die Ausnehmungen und Querbohrung des Pumpenkolbens in die Saug- und Überströmbohrung gelangt und dadurch der Hauptstrom abgelenkt wird, wodurch Kavitationen in der Saug- und Überströmbohrung vermieden werden.According to the invention, the design is preferably such that the control edges delimiting the recesses of the piston below run parallel to the oblique control edges which determine the end of the main injection at a distance from them which is smaller than the diameter of the suction and overflow bore and as the dimension of the recess extending in the axial direction of the pump piston the pump piston liner. It is thereby achieved that after the main injection has ended, the deactivated fuel flows into the suction and overflow bore in a main flow via the oblique control edges and in a secondary flow via the recesses and transverse bore of the pump piston, and the main flow is thereby deflected, as a result of which cavitations in the suction and overflow drilling can be avoided.
Die Anordnung kann auch so getroffen sein, daß auf der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse die die Ausnehmungen des Kolbens unten begrenzende Steuerkante parallel zu der schrägen, das Ende der Haupteinspritzung bestimmende Steuerkante in einem Abstand von dieser verläuft, welcher kleiner ist als die sich in Achsrichtung des Pumpenkolbens erstreckende Abmessung der Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse, und daß die der Ausnehmung zugeordnete Steuerkante den unteren Rand der Ausnehmung geringfügig früher überschleift, bevor die der Saug- und Überströmöffnung zugeordnete Steuerkante die Saug- und Überströmbohrung überschleift. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß eine Spülung über die Ausnehmung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse die dieser Ausnehmung zugeordnete Ausnehmung des Kolbens und die Querbohrungen bereits knapp vor der Aufsteuerung der Saug- und Überströmbohrung beginnt und die Saug- und Überströmbohrung gespült wird, bevor der Druckabfall in seiner vollen Größe erfolgt.The arrangement can also be such that on the recess of the pump piston liner, the control edge delimiting the recesses of the piston at the bottom runs parallel to the oblique control edge that determines the end of the main injection at a distance from it that is smaller than that in the axial direction of the pump piston extending dimension of the recess of the pump piston liner, and that the control edge assigned to the recess grinds the lower edge of the recess slightly earlier before the control edge assigned to the suction and overflow opening grinds over the suction and overflow bore. It is thereby achieved that a flushing over the recess of the pump piston liner, the recess of the piston assigned to this recess and the transverse bores begins just before the suction and overflow bore are opened and the suction and overflow bore is flushed before the pressure drop occurs in its full size .
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung sind zwei einander kreuzende, in den oberen Ecken der Ausnehmungen des Pumpenkolbens mündende Querbohrungen im Pumpenkolben vorgesehen. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß bei der Verdrehung des Pumpenkolbens wenigstens eine Querbohrung nahe der Saug- und Überströmbohrung mündet, so daß die Richtung des Strahles zur Achse der Saug- und Überströmbohrung verbessert wird. Dadurch, daß diese Querbohrungen in den oberen Ecken der Ausnehmungen des Pumpenkolbens münden, wird der Vorteil erreicht, daß in der ersten Phase der Überströmung der Kraftstoffstrahl besser zur Saug- und Überströmbohrung gerichtet wird. Es kann aber auch gemäß der Erfindung eine zusätzliche, in den unteren Ecken der Ausnehmungen des Pumpenkolbens mündende Querbohrung im Pumpenkolben vorgesehen sein, welche bei dem weiteren Hub des Kolbens eine verbesserte Richtung des Kraftstoffstrahles zur Saug- und Überströmbohrung bewirkt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, two intersecting transverse bores are provided in the pump piston, opening into the upper corners of the recesses of the pump piston. It is thereby achieved that, when the pump piston is rotated, at least one transverse bore opens near the suction and overflow bore, so that the direction of the jet to the axis of the suction and overflow bore is improved. Characterized in that these transverse bores open into the upper corners of the recesses of the pump piston, the advantage is achieved that in the first phase of the overflow the fuel jet is better directed towards the suction and overflow bore. But it can also be according to the invention, an additional, in the lower corners of the recesses Pump bore opening transverse bore can be provided in the pump piston, which causes an improved direction of the fuel jet to the suction and overflow bore during the further stroke of the piston.
In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles erläutert. Fig.1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des oberen Teiles des Pumpenkolbens. Fig.2 zeigt einen Querschnitt nach Linie II-II der Fig.1 durch den Pumpenkolben und durch die Pumpenkolbenbüchse. Die Fig.3 - 7 zeigen eine Abwicklung der Mantelfläche des Pumpenkolbens, wobei zur linken Seite jeweils das Zusammenwirken der Steuerkanten des Pumpenkolbens mit der Saug- und Überströmöffnung und zur rechten Seite das Zusammenwirken der Steuerkanten des Pumpenkolbens mit der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung der Pumpenkolbenbüchse dargestellt ist, in den verschiedenen Hubphasen des Pumpenkolbens.In the drawing, the invention is explained using an exemplary embodiment. 1 shows a side view of the upper part of the pump piston. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of FIG. 1 through the pump piston and through the pump piston sleeve. 3 to 7 show a development of the outer surface of the pump piston, the interaction of the control edges of the pump piston with the suction and overflow opening being shown on the left side and the interaction of the control edges of the pump piston with the externally closed bore of the pump piston sleeve being shown on the right , in the different stroke phases of the pump piston.
Der in Fig.1 und 2 dargestellte Pumpenkolben 1 weist schräge Steuerkanten 2 und 3 auf. Über senkrechte Nuten 4 ist die Ausnehmung 5 mit dem Arbeitsraum des Pumpenkolbens 1 verbunden. Zu beiden Seiten des Pumpenkolbens 1 sind Ausnehmungen 6 und 7 vorgesehen, die oben durch Steuerkanten 8 und 9 und unten durch Steuerkanten 10 und 11 begrenzt sind. In diese Ausnehmungen 6 und 7 münden einander kreuzende Querbohrungen 12 und 13. Die Ausnehmung 6 steht nach Überschleifen der Steuerkante 8 mit der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung 14 der Pumpenkolbenbüchse 15 in Verbindung und die Ausnehmung 7 steht nach Überschleifen der Steuerkante 9 mit der Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 in Verbindung. Die Kolbenstirnfläche 17 weist links eine Steuerkante 18 auf, welche mit der Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 zusammenwirkt. Rechts ist die Kolbenstirnfläche abgestuft und weist eine tieferliegende Steuerkante 19 auf, welche mit der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung 14 der Pumpenkolbenbüchse 15 zusammenwirkt.The
Die einander kreuzenden Querbohrungen 12 und 13 münden in den oberen Ecken der Ausnehmungen 6 und 7. Es kann noch eine zusätzliche Querbohrung 20 vorgesehen sein, welche in den unteren Ecken der Ausnehmungen 6 und 7 mündet.The intersecting
In Fig.3 ist die Kolbenstellung bei Beginn der Voreinspritzung dargestellt. Die Steuerkante 18 hat die Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 abgeschlossen, die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14 der Pumpenkolbenbüchse 15 ist durch die Steuerkante 19 zum Arbeitsraum 21 des Pumpenkolbens 1 offen und es kann sich in dieser Bohrung 14 der Druck aufbauen.3 shows the piston position at the start of the pre-injection. The
In Fig.4 ist die Kolbenstellung bei Ende der Voreinspritzung dargestellt. Die Steuerkante 8 überschleift die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14 und der Arbeitsraum 21 wird über die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14 mit der Ausnehmung 6 verbunden. Über die Querbohrungen 12 und 13 ist die Ausnehmung 6 mit der Ausnehmung 7 verbunden, und die Steuerkante 9 öffnet die Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16, wodurch die Voreinspritzung beendet ist. Es erfolgt nun über die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14, die Ausnehmung 6, die Bohrungen 12, 13 und die Steuerkante eine Querspülung, durch welche die Gasblasen aus der Saug- und Überströmbohrung gespült werden.4 shows the piston position at the end of the pre-injection. The
Bei der Kolbenstellung nach Fig.5 geht die Spülung während der Spritzpause zwischen Voreinspritzung und Haupteinspritzung weiter, und die Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 wird gründlich gespült. Dies wird dadurch ermöglicht, daß der Abstand a zwischen der Steuerkante 19 und der Steuerkante 8 kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der außen abgeschlossenen Bohrung 14, so daß der Arbeitsraum 21 mit der Ausnehmung 6 in offener Verbindung steht. Der Spülstrom ist durch Pfeile angedeutet.In the piston position according to FIG. 5, the purging continues during the pause between the pre-injection and the main injection, and the suction and
In Fig.6 ist die Kolbenstellung bei Beginn der Haupteinspritzung dargestellt. Die Steuerkante 19 hat die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14 abgeschlossen, und der Druck im Arbeitsraum 21 wird aufgebaut. Die in Fig.5 dargestellte Querspülung ist beendet.6 shows the piston position at the start of the main injection. The
In Fig.7 ist die Kolbenstellung bei Beendigung der Haupteinspritzung dargestellt. Die schräge Steuerkante 3 hat die Saug- und Überströmbohrung aufgesteuert und der Kraftstoff tritt in einem durch den Pfeil 22 angedeuteten Hauptstrahl in die Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 ein. Gleichzeitig hat aber die Steuerkante 2 die außen abgeschlossene Bohrung 14 aufgesteuert und der Kraftstoff kann aus der Ausnehmung 5 in die Ausnehmung 6 und über die Querbohrungen 12, 13 in die Ausnehmung 7 gelangen. Von hier aus tritt der Kraftstoff in einem durch den Pfeil 23 angedeuteten Nebenstrahl in die Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 ein. Dieser Nebenstrahl (Pfeil 23) bewirkt eine Ablenkung des Hauptstrahles, so daß die Wandung der Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 gegen Kavitationen geschützt wird. Bei der Kolbenstellung nach Fig.7 werden auch Luft- und Gasblasen aus der Saug- und Überströmbohrung 16 gespült. In der Stellung nach Fig.7 erfolgt somit eine zweite Spülung während man die in Fig.5 dargestellte Querspülung als erste Spülung bezeichnen kann.7 shows the piston position when the main injection is complete. The
Die Ausnehmung 24 dient lediglich dazu, um ein Gleichgewicht gegenüber der durch die Steuerkante 19 gebildeten Stufe zu erzielen, damit der Kolben nicht einseitig reibt.The
- 11
- PumpenkolbenPump piston
- 2,32.3
- SteuerkantenControl edges
- 44th
- NutenGrooves
- 55
- AusnehmungRecess
- 6,76.7
- AusnehmungenRecesses
- 8,98.9
- obere Steuerkantenupper control edges
- 10,1110.11
- untere Steuerkantenlower control edges
- 12,1312.13
- QuerbohrungenCross holes
- 1414
- Ausnehmung der PumpenkolbenbüchseRecess of the pump piston liner
- 1515
- PumpenkolbenbüchsePump piston liner
- 1616
- Saug- und ÜberströmbohrungSuction and overflow drilling
- 1717th
- KolbenstirnflächePiston face
- 1818th
- SteuerkanteControl edge
- 1919th
- SteuerkanteControl edge
- 2020th
- QuerbohrungCross hole
- 2121
- Arbeitsraumworking space
- 22,2322.23
- KraftstoffströmungsrichtungDirection of fuel flow
- 2424th
- AusnehmungRecess
Claims (6)
- Fuel injection device for injection internal combustion engines, in which the pump piston liner (15) has at least one suction and relief hole (16) which is passed over by control edges (2, 3) of the pump piston (1), and the end of delivery is determined by the opening of the suction and relief hole (16), at least one control edge (18) arranged in the region of the piston end surface (17) determining the beginning of delivery and at least one control edge (2, 3), in particular an oblique control edge, arranged on the outside of the piston determining the end of delivery, the delivery of the fuel being interrupted in order to achieve a pre-injection and main injection and the surface of the pump piston liner (15) forming the piston guide having a recess (14) which is in connection with the working space (21) of the pump piston (1) before and at the termination of the pre-injection and which is opened by a control edge (8) of the pump piston (1) and is connected to the suction and relief hole (16) on termination of the pre-injection, characterized in that the pump piston (1) has additional recesses (6, 7) in the regions passing over the suction and relief hole (16) and the pump piston liner (15) recess (14), at least one pump piston (1) transverse hole (12, 13, 20) connecting the recesses (6, 7) together opening into these recesses (6, 7), which are bounded at the top by control edges (8, 9) and are arranged on mutually opposite sides of the pump piston (1), preferably symmetrically about the centre; in that the pump piston liner recess (14) is formed by a hole (14) closed at the outside, arranged on the axis of the suction and relief hole (16) and preferably having the same diameter as the latter and in that the upper control edge of the piston (1) interacting with the pump piston liner (15) hole closed at the outside is lower than the upper control edge of the piston interacting with the suction and relief hole (16) [sic], the distance between the control edge (8) bounding the top of the pump piston (1) recess (6), interacting with the pump piston liner (15) recess (14), and the associated upper control edge (19) of the pump piston (1) being smaller than the dimension pump piston liner (15) recess extending in the axial direction of the pump piston or smaller than the diameter of the hole (14) closed at the outside.
- Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control edges (8, 9) bounding the piston (1) recesses (6, 7) at the top pass over the lower boundaries of the suction and relief hole (16) and the pump piston liner (15) recess, or hole (14) closed at the outside, simultaneously, or in that the upper control edge (9) associated with the suction and relief hole (16) passes over the lower edge of the suction and relief hole (16) first and the upper control edge (8) associated with the pump piston liner (15) recess (14) passes over the lower edge of the recess, or of the hole (14) closed at the outside a little later.
- Fuel injection device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control edges (10, 11) bounding the piston (1) recesses (6, 7) at the bottom extend parallel to the oblique control edges (2, 3) determining the end of the main injection and at a distance from the said control edges (2, 3), which distance is smaller than the diameter of the suction and relief hole (16) and is smaller than the dimension of the pump piston liner (15) recess (14) extending in the axial direction of the pump piston (1).
- Fuel injection device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the pump piston liner (15) recess (14), the control edge (10) bounding the piston (1) recesses (6) at the bottom extends parallel to the oblique control edge (2) determining the end of the main injection and at a distance from the said control edge (2), which distance is smaller than the dimension of the pump piston liner (15) recess (14) extending in the axial direction of the pump piston (1), and in that the control edge (2) associated with the recess (14) passes over the lower edge of the recess (14) slightly earlier, before the control edge (3) associated with the suction and relief opening (16) passes over the suction and relief hole (16).
- Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two mutually crossing transverse holes (12, 13) opening into the upper corners of the pump piston recesses are provided in the pump piston (1).
- Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an additional transverse hole (20) opening into the lower corners of the pump piston (1) recesses (6, 7) is provided in the pump piston.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4006409 | 1990-03-01 | ||
| DE4006409A DE4006409A1 (en) | 1990-03-01 | 1990-03-01 | FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0444256A1 EP0444256A1 (en) | 1991-09-04 |
| EP0444256B1 true EP0444256B1 (en) | 1994-03-02 |
Family
ID=6401190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90122917A Expired - Lifetime EP0444256B1 (en) | 1990-03-01 | 1990-11-30 | Fuel injection device for injection-type internal combustion engines |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0444256B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04219459A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4006409A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2522821Y2 (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1997-01-16 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Fuel injection device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB893621A (en) * | 1959-06-30 | 1962-04-11 | Ceskoslovenske Zd Y Naftovych | Improvements in and relating to fuel injection pumps |
| GB1594124A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1981-07-30 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Liquid fuel injection pumps |
| AT404058B (en) * | 1986-09-10 | 1998-08-25 | Bosch Robert Ag | PUMP ELEMENT OF A FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| AT399921B (en) * | 1986-09-10 | 1995-08-25 | Bosch Robert Ag | PUMP ELEMENT OF A FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| EP0270519B1 (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-07-18 | Robert Bosch Ag | Pump element of a fuel injection pump for an injection combustion engine |
| GB8725029D0 (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1987-12-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Inclined-edge controlled fuel injection pump |
| DE3731817A1 (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1989-03-30 | Hatz Motoren | FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
-
1990
- 1990-03-01 DE DE4006409A patent/DE4006409A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-11-30 EP EP90122917A patent/EP0444256B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-30 DE DE90122917T patent/DE59004806D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-02-26 JP JP3030610A patent/JPH04219459A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04219459A (en) | 1992-08-10 |
| DE59004806D1 (en) | 1994-04-07 |
| DE4006409A1 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
| EP0444256A1 (en) | 1991-09-04 |
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