EP0225532A1 - Jacketed projectile containing a two-part core - Google Patents

Abstract

The projectile has in succession in an outer jacket (11) a front core (19) and a rear core (14). The rear core is surrounded partially by a cap-shaped inner jacket (16) which is hooked on the outer jacket (11) by means of a lateral indentation (21). When a soft target is hit, the front end of the outer jacket (11) widens radially and then swings back rearwards. The rear core (14) remains in place in the inner jacket (16) on the inside of the outer jacket (11). The front end of the rear core (14) is deformed according to the impact energy of the projectile. A more uniform projectile effect at different target ranges and a specific shape of the flattened residual body of the projectile are obtained. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a double-chamber projectile for handguns and handguns, in particular hunting rifles, with two cores arranged one behind the other in an outer jacket and a cap-shaped inner jacket surrounding the rear core on its front side and laterally.

Hunting rifle bullets are known which contain two lead cores arranged one behind the other with different hardnesses. The front, softer core should disassemble in the game body and the rear, harder core should remain compact and give a great depth effect with rejects in the body. These known projectiles have the disadvantage that they act differently at different shooting distances. Too much venison devaluation occurs over shorter distances, and too little shock effect and energy release over longer distances. It can also happen that the rear lead core comes loose from the shell.

In a known double-chamber projectile of the type mentioned at the beginning (magazine "Handloader" January / February 1984, 32 to 35, 63, 64), the outer jacket contains a cap-shaped inner jacket which covers the front flat end face of the rear core and with its side wall on the Inner wall of the outer jacket is in contact. When the bullet strikes, the front end of the outer casing mushrooms, which allows the front core to escape from the outer casing. However, these projectiles have the disadvantage that they disassemble in the soft target even at low target speeds (from 500 m / s).

The invention has for its object to provide a double-chamber projectile of the type mentioned, which has a good projectile effect on different shooting distances, a good shock effect by rapid energy release and in which the projectile body mushrooms in a defined manner to a good depth effect in To achieve goal.

The solution to this problem in a first variant of the invention is that the outer jacket and the inner jacket are hooked together by at least one lateral indentation.

In such a double-chamber projectile, the rear core is held together with the inner shell by the lateral indentation of the outer shell, so that it is ensured that the rear core remains in place in the outer shell, while only its front area is deformed in a defined manner becomes. Due to the lateral indentation, the rear area of the Reinforced outer jacket. This area receives an increased section modulus so that it does not deform. The outer casing is mushroomed before the (at least one) indentation.

In a second variant of the invention, the rear core has a trough on its front side, and a rear extension of the front core fills the trough together with the bottom of the inner jacket.

In this double-chamber projectile, the compression of the front region of the rear core results in a particularly strong radial expansion of this core and the inner shell, as a result of which the rear core and the inner shell are pressed radially against the outer shell. This creates the desired non-positive connection of the rear core, inner jacket and outer jacket through the deformation at the target impact. During the expansion of the rear core and thereafter, this core cannot move in the weft direction relative to the outer jacket, so that it cannot follow the front core. The trough is preferably funnel-shaped, i.e. its front diameter is larger than the diameter at the trough bottom, so that there is a rotationally symmetrical sloping side wall of the trough. The trough can be, for example, conical, frustoconical or dome-shaped.

Although a projectile with a funnel-shaped trough of the rear core creates a non-positive connection between the rear core, inner jacket and outer jacket during penetration into the target, such a projectile can also have a lateral indentation be provided, which serves as an additional safeguard to hold the rear core and to limit the deformation zone of the outer shell. The features of the two variants of the invention described above can thus be combined with one another.

In the double-chamber projectile according to the invention, the front end of the rear core widens when it strikes the target, while the wall of the outer jacket folds outwards and is pushed back. In order to allow a defined expansion of the front area of the rear core, the second variant of the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of small-caliber projectiles which have only a small cross section and are difficult to deform. The trough-shaped or funnel-shaped shape of the front end of the rear core ensures that this core expands radially in the desired manner. In the case of large-caliber projectiles, the front end face of the rear core can be designed to be less trough-shaped or funnel-shaped or, under certain circumstances, even flat, in which case use is made of the first variant of the invention.

In the first variant of the invention, the lateral indentation is preferably a circumferential groove. Alternatively, a plurality of discrete lateral indentations can also be arranged around the circumference of the outer casing, or there can be a plurality of grooves arranged one behind the other.

The double-chamber projectile according to the invention on the one hand has a quick response behavior in the target and on the other hand a clearly defined projectile is created residual body with large mass to achieve a reject in the game body.

It is possible to replace the front core of the bullet from a lead-free material such as zinc, tin or copper. This prevents the game body from being contaminated by lead. The outer jacket and the inner jacket prevent lead from escaping from the rear core through the formation of a defined projectile residual body.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

• Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt eines Doppelkammer-­Geschosses von relativ kleinem Kaliber,
• Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt des Geschoßrestkörpers des Geschosses nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch ein Geschoß von mitt­lerem Kaliber,
• Fig. 4 den Geschoßrestkörper des Geschosses von Fig. 3,
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt eines Geschosses von großem Kaliber,
• Fig. 6 den Geschoßrestkörper des Geschosses von Fig. 5,
• Fig. 7 ein Doppelkammer-Geschoß ohne seitliche Ein­drückung und
• Fig. 8 den Geschoßrestkörper des Geschosses von Fig. 7.

Show it:

• 1 shows a longitudinal section of a double-chamber projectile of a relatively small caliber,
• 2 shows a longitudinal section of the projectile residual body of the projectile according to FIG. 1,
• 3 shows a section through a projectile of medium caliber,
• 4 shows the projectile residual body of the projectile from FIG. 3,
• 5 shows a section of a projectile of large caliber,
• 6 shows the projectile residual body of the projectile from FIG. 5,
• Fig. 7 is a double-chamber floor without lateral indentation and
• 8 shows the projectile residual body of the projectile from FIG. 7.

The double-chamber floor is suitable for handguns (rifles) and handguns (pistols, revolvers, etc.), but is particularly intended for hunting rifles.

1, the outer jacket 10 consists of a tubular cylindrical section 11 which is closed at one end by a bottom wall 12 and at the other end has a frustoconical tip 13 which is open at the front. The rear core 14, which consists of lead, is located in the rear area of the projectile. This core 14 has a frustoconical trough 15 at its front end. The cap-shaped inner jacket 16 laterally surrounds the core 14. In addition, the inner jacket 16 with its forward-facing floor 17 covers the wall of the trough 15. The floor 17 has a central opening 18.

The inner jacket 16 is made of a deformable, non-tearing material, the thickness of which is substantially less than that of the outer jacket 11. The side wall of the inner jacket 16 lies over the entire surface of the inside of the outer jacket and the core 14 is in turn over the entire surface of the inside of the inner jacket 16 and to the bottom 12 of the outer casing 11.

The front core 19, which has the cross section of the outer jacket 11, is arranged in front of the rear core 14 completely filled out. The rear end of the core 19 lies in the area of the central opening 18 directly against the material of the core 14. The rear surface of the core 19 is designed so that it follows the outer contour of the bottom wall 17, so that the cores 14 and 19 together with the inner jacket 16 fill the volume of the outer jacket 11 completely and without voids. Only at the front end of the tip 13 is a cavity 20 which is not filled by the material of the core 19.

At the rear end of the inner jacket 16, the outer jacket 11 is deformed by an indentation 21 in the form of a groove running continuously and with a constant cross section. The indentation 21 is so deep that it extends into the core 14 so that the inner jacket 16 receives an indentation 22 which is pressed into the core 14. The end 23 of the inner jacket 16 is located at the point at which the rear end of the indentation 21 forms a crease line on the inside of the outer jacket 11 with the rear cylindrical part of the outer jacket. The central plane of the indentation 21 is below the average height of the core 14.

When the projectile penetrates into a soft target, the outer casing 11, starting from the central opening in its tip 13, expands radially and folds down towards the rear. The rear core 14, which has a positive connection with the outer shell 11 due to the indentation 21 via the inner shell 16, deforms in the region of the funnel-shaped depression 15, which is flattened according to FIG. 2 and widens radially outward. The full-surface contact between the Obtained outer surface of the core 14 and the cap-shaped inner jacket 16 in the region of the bottom wall 17. The edge region of the core 14 surrounding the funnel-shaped trough 15 therefore forms a deformation zone which absorbs part of the projectile energy and on the other hand holds the expanded core 14 by radial expansion. The radial expansion of the front end of the core 14 and the inner casing 16 forms a projectile residual body which is clearly delimited by the rear part of the outer casing 11 and the inner casing 16. The deformation zone causes a deformation stop, which is effective regardless of the shooting distance, so that the rear core 14 cannot emerge from the outer jacket even at a short shooting distance. In addition, the indentation 21 represents a limitation for the mushrooming of the outer casing 11. In any case, the positive and non-positive connection between the outer casing and the inner casing is maintained or a non-positive connection is established, regardless of the presence of the indentation 21.

Instead of the indentation 21, it is also possible, for example, to provide a bead protruding from the inside of the outer casing 11, while the outside of the outer casing is smooth. However, this requires an increased manufacturing effort for the projectile. Other types of connection between the rear end of the inner jacket 16 and the outer jacket 11 are possible.

The exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 or 5 and 6 differ only slightly from that of FIGS. 1 and 2. Therefore, the description below of these further exemplary embodiments is limited to the explanation of the differences from the first exemplary embodiment.

The floor of the fign. 3 and 4 has a medium caliber in which the cores 14 and 19 have a larger diameter. The conical trough 15 is therefore flatter than in the first embodiment and is not provided with a central opening. As shown in FIG. 4, the front end of the rear core 14 also forms a deformation zone in which the material of the core 14 escapes radially outwards and presses against the outer jacket 11 in order to hold the core 14 together with the inner jacket 16 in a clamping manner in the outer jacket .

The figures 5 and 6 show a large-caliber projectile in which the core 14 has a better readiness for deformation due to its larger cross section. The front end face of the core 14 is flat and runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The inner jacket 16 accordingly has a flat bottom wall 17.

7 there is no indentation 21 as in the previous exemplary embodiments. The trough 15 of the rear core 14 has the shape of a spherical cap and the bottom 17 of the inner casing 16 is adapted to the trough shape, so that it nestles into the trough over the entire surface. The rear wall of the front core 19 nestles against the bottom 17 from the outside.

As shown in FIG. 8, the outer jacket 11 is turned inside out when it hits the target, during the rear area of the outer casing essentially retains its shape. By pushing the rear end of the front core 19 into the trough 15, the rear core 14 is radially expanded in its front region, so that it presses against the outer jacket 11 to an increased extent and is thereby held in a force-fitting manner in the latter. Therefore, if the front core 19 has penetrated the target, the rear core 14 cannot escape from the outer jacket and cannot follow the front core without taking the deformed outer jacket with it.

In all of the embodiments, it is important that the core 14 have a deformation zone. The deformation behavior of this zone depends on
- the execution of the outer shell 11,
the floor cross section of the rear core 14,
- the execution of the inner jacket 16,
- the execution of the deformation zone.

These criteria must be coordinated with one another when developing the storey.

Claims (6)

1. double-chamber projectile for handguns and handguns, in particular hunting rifles, with two cores arranged one behind the other in an outer casing and a cap-shaped inner casing surrounding the rear core on its front and laterally,
characterized by
that the outer casing (11) and the inner casing (16) are hooked together by at least one lateral indentation (21). 2. double-chamber projectile for handguns and handguns, in particular hunting rifles, with two cores arranged one behind the other in an outer casing and a cap-shaped inner casing surrounding the rear core on its front and laterally,
characterized by
that the rear core (14) has a trough (15) on its front side and that a rear extension of the front core together with the bottom (17) of the inner shell (16) fills the trough (15). 3. Double chamber projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral indentation (21) is a circumferential groove. 4. Double-chamber projectile according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the indentation (21) is arranged at the level of the rear end of the inner casing (16). 5. Double-chamber projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom (17) of the inner casing (16) has a central opening (18). 6. Double-chamber projectile according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the front core (19) consists essentially of non-leaded material.

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