EP0065616B1 - Uhf transmitter for a traffic information radio broadcasting system - Google Patents

Uhf transmitter for a traffic information radio broadcasting system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065616B1
EP0065616B1 EP82100827A EP82100827A EP0065616B1 EP 0065616 B1 EP0065616 B1 EP 0065616B1 EP 82100827 A EP82100827 A EP 82100827A EP 82100827 A EP82100827 A EP 82100827A EP 0065616 B1 EP0065616 B1 EP 0065616B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subcarrier
modulation
divider
transmitter according
signal
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EP82100827A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0065616A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Phys. Eilers
Peter Ing. grad. Brägas
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Blaupunkt Werke GmbH
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Blaupunkt Werke GmbH
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Priority to AT82100827T priority Critical patent/ATE14807T1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/094—Hardware aspects; Signal processing or signal properties, e.g. frequency bands

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an FM transmitter for a radio transmission system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the traffic radio stations which broadcast such messages more or less regularly, are characterized by a 57 kHz subcarrier broadcast in addition to the useful modulation, which is broadcast synchronously with stereo transmitters as the third multiple of the 19 kHz stereo pilot tone.
  • the 57 kHz subcarrier is phase-locked to the pilot tone, with the zero crossings taking place in the same direction.
  • This subcarrier also serves for the transmission of additional information - also called identifiers - which are impressed on the subcarrier as amplitude modulation. (DBP 20 51 034).
  • the announcement identifier consists of a very narrow frequency band at 125 Hz, which modulates the subcarrier with 30% of its amplitude.
  • switching devices in the LF stage are controlled in a receiver intended for the system via a 57 kHz detector and an amplitude demodulator; be it z. B. to increase the volume during the announcement or when the receiver is muted to unmute or in the case of combined radio-cassette recorders also to switch from cassette playback to playback of the traffic announcement when it starts and to switch back to cassette playback when the announcement is finished.
  • Another information transmitted by the subcarrier is used to identify traffic radio areas. All VHF traffic radio stations that are located in a certain geographical area are identified by a uniform identifier - in short, area identifier (BK). Your traffic news covers essentially the same geographic area. This area identifier continuously modulates the amplitude of the subcarrier by 60%. The bandwidth of the individual area identifiers and their position in relation to one another are selected such that, with a quality of greater than 20, there is an adjacent channel attenuation of greater than 15 dB. 6 range identifiers have been defined within the available frequency band, ensuring that the harmonics of the identifiers fall between the other identifiers. (DBP 22 40 941)
  • the subcarrier is thus modulated by 2 identifiers, namely with the DK and the BK, outside of the time of the traffic announcements only with one, the BK.
  • the presence of the 7 kHz auxiliary carrier can be used to only let the search stop at traffic information stations. Since the 7 kHz is the third multiple of the 19 kHz pilot tone, there is a risk that, due to non-linearities in the transmitter or receiver, harmonics of the 19 kHz pilot tone and thus 57 kHz will also occur with non-traffic radio stations.
  • An auxiliary branch has therefore been provided in the detector for the 57 kHz subcarrier, which only releases the detector output when another detector indicates the presence of the area identifier. (DBP 25 33 946)
  • the degree of modulation of the subcarrier is also measured by the area identifier and, if the correct degree of modulation is found to be 60%, the search is allowed to remain on the traffic information transmitter.
  • a circuit for detecting the reduction in the degree of modulation of the subcarrier by the 1: identifier during an announcement is in a simultaneously filed European patent application - published under publication no. EP-A-66073.
  • the carrier frequency of the transmitter is generated in the HF generator 1 shown in FIG.
  • this carrier frequency is modulated in frequency with the broadband useful modulation.
  • the frequency-modulated carrier is amplified in a power amplifier 3 and radiated via the antenna 4.
  • the useful modulation of the carrier includes u. a. a 57 kHz subcarrier, on the one hand, with further information, i. H. Identifiers in which the amplitude is modulated, on the other hand, is synchronized with the 19 kHz stereo pilot tone, namely in a phase-locked manner with zero crossings in the same direction.
  • the subcarrier contained in the useful modulation is generated in the 57 kHz generator 5 shown in FIG. 2 and modulated in amplitude in the amplitude modulator 6 with the identifiers.
  • the amplitude-modulated 57 kHz subcarrier is combined with the other useful modulation of the transmitter. This signal is then fed to the frequency modulator 2 of the transmitter.
  • the amplitude modulator 6 has two modulation inputs BK, DK for. two different identifiers. As already mentioned, the first identifier BK is assigned to the transmission area, while the second identifier DK is assigned to the announcement of a traffic announcement.
  • both identifiers are obtained from the subcarrier frequency by integer division, so that the identifiers consist of frequency bands with extremely narrow bandwidth.
  • the division ratios are chosen such that the second identifier lies above the second multiple of the network frequency.
  • switching stage 10 contains only one switch, while switching stage 11 functionally forms a switchable voltage divider with the same resistance values Ro of the two partial resistors 12, 13, which halves the output voltage of divider 9.
  • the output signals of the two dividers 8, 9 are mutually matched to the amplitude of the 57 kHz generator so that each causes the same degree of modulation - namely 60% - of the subcarrier, so that in the first switching state shown here, if only that Output signal of the divider 9 is at the associated input BK of the amplitude modulator 6, the amplitude of the 57 kHz subcarrier is modulated by the BK alone with a modulation degree of 60% and that in the second switching state when the output signals of both dividers 8, 9 the amplitude modulator 6 are supplied, the degree of modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier is halved by the first identifier BK and is now only 30%, while the degree of modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier is 60% due to the second identifier DK, both identifiers together thus the amplitude modulate the subcarrier to 90% and in this respect match the existing traffic radio system.
  • the area identifier BK generated by the divider 9 is different in each traffic area. If there is a sufficient number of available area identifiers BK, each transmitter station can be assigned its own BK. The difference of the BK from area to area or from station to station is indicated in the divider 9 by the arrow.
  • the division ratio in the divider 8 can be varied and z.
  • B. Select different identifiers DK for announcements in different languages in a multilingual country.
  • the second identifiers DK can connect in terms of frequency to the frequency range of the lower limit frequency of the announcements.
  • One of the second identifiers DK can thus be 170 Hz.
  • FIG. 3 shows a somewhat more detailed block diagram of the modulator 6.
  • the 57 kHz generator which is designed as a phase-locked loop (PLL), i. H. a voltage-controlled oscillator 15, a phase detector 16 and a low-pass filter 17, upstream a 57 kHz reference source, which is connected to a 57 kHz crystal 18 in mono transmitters, and a triple multiplier 19 for the 19th in stereo transmitters -kHz stereo pilot tone, which is followed by a phase shifter 20 to bring the zero crossings of both amplitudes in the same direction.
  • PLL phase-locked loop
  • the output signal of the 57 kHz reference source is compared in the phase detector 16 with the output signal of the oscillator 15. With the Any correction signal at the output of the phase detector 16 is readjusted via the low-pass filter 17 of the oscillator 15.
  • the oscillator signal is divided down into two digital dividers 8 and 9 with a variable divider ratio, as already mentioned.
  • the choice between three divider ratios is possible, for the BK divider level 9 'the default setting is provided for one of ten divider ratios, namely for the DK divider stage 8' the divider ratios 21, 23 and 25 can be selected, for the BK divider Divider 9 'the default to one of the divider ratios 150, 126, 102, 90, 78, 66, 56, 47, 36, and 29.
  • Such divider 8', 9 ' can be found, for. B. in the Motorola semiconductor manual, 2nd edition 1974, Fig. 4.64.
  • Both divider stages 8 'and 9' are followed by a modulo 16 divider 21, 22, followed by a stair voltage generator 23, 24 in both branches, the output signal of which is passed via a low pass 25, 26, respectively.
  • the staircase voltage generator 23, together with the low-pass filter 25, generates a sinusoidal oscillation from the digital output frequency of the divider stage 21 in a known manner (DAS 25 15 660), so that at the output of the low-pass filter 25, the DK determined by the selected divider ratio is either 169.7 Hz, 154.9 Hz or 142.5 Hz is removable.
  • While the stair voltage generator 24 together with the low-pass filter 26 provides one of the following frequencies in the same way from the digital output signal of the divider stage 22: 23.75 Hz, 28.27 Hz, 34.93 Hz, 39.58 Hz, 45.67 Hz, 53.98 Hz, 63.61 Hz, 75.8 Hz, 98.96 Hz and 122.85 Hz.
  • the low-pass filter is followed by the switching stages 10 and 11 already mentioned, which are controlled by a switch-on amplifier 27 which is connected downstream of the selector switch 14.
  • the switching stages 10, 11 comprise isolating amplifiers 28, 29 in both branches, so that the output signal of the switching stage is not loaded by the subsequent circuit. These isolation amplifiers are adjusted so that the subcarrier is modulated by the output signal to 60% in amplitude when the full output signal of the previous low pass is present at the input.
  • the modulation degree of the subcarrier is halved by the BK by means of the switching stage 11. This reduction in the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier by the BK from 60% to 30% takes place synchronously with the activation of the DK, which in turn modulates the auxiliary carrier by 60%.
  • the two output signals of the isolation amplifiers are brought together in an adder stage 30 and their output signal is fed to a control input of the modulator 6, while the output signal of the 57 kHz generator 5 is present at the main input of the modulator 6.
  • the 57 kHz subcarrier modulated in this way is superimposed in a mixing amplifier 31 on the useful modulation MPX of the transmitter and from there is fed to the modulator 2 of the VHF carrier.
  • the output signal of the modulator 6 can be observed via an optionally connectable measuring device 32.
  • FIG. 4 shows different degrees of modulation of a higher-frequency carrier with a low-frequency signal. This illustration is taken from the «Great Broadcasting Guide by F. Bergtold, 11th edition.
  • the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier which changes according to the invention, is again indicated schematically as a function of time.
  • a program type that is specially marked, e.g. B. a traffic announcement, the 57 kHz subcarrier alone with the first identifier, the transmission area or station identification frequency, BK, z. B. 54 Hz modulated to 60% in amplitude, ie the amplitude of the subcarrier fluctuates between 40% and 160% of their unmodulated value.
  • the program type or announcement identifier DK is switched on.
  • the degree of modulation of the subcarrier amplitude caused by the BK drops to 30%, i.e. the fluctuation of the subcarrier amplitude caused by this is now only between 70% and 130% of the unmodulated value, while this modulation is subject to a further fluctuation superimposed on the subcarrier amplitude with the announcement or program type identifier DK, which in turn modulates the subcarrier with 60%, so that the subcarrier amplitude oscillates overall between 10% and 190 0/0 of the unmodulated value.
  • both switching stages 10, 11 are switched back, whereby the first described state is restored.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

FM transmission system in which, besides program content, an auxiliary carrier of, for example 57 kHz, is radiated, which auxiliary carrier is modulated by an announcement recognition (AR) signal and by a region or radio-station recognition (RR) signal, the AR and RR signals being low-frequency, AM modulations on the auxiliary carrier. To enhance recognition of an AR signal, e.g. between 142 and 170 Hz, is enhanced, in spite of reception difficulties, for example due to multi-path reception and the like, by decreasing the modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier by the RR signal to 30% or less, while the AR signal is modulating the subcarrier, so that the AR modulation may extend to 60 and even 90% modulation. Multiple AR frequencies can be used, for example to characterize different announcements, e.g. in different languages, or of different characteristics, such as traffic, news, sports, or others, recognition of the AR signal in the receiver permitting switch-over from other reproduced programs, e.g. tape, to the demodulator from the receiver tuned to the station emitting the AR signal, to reproduce the announcement, or the like.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen UKW-Sender für ein Rundfunkübertragungssystem gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an FM transmitter for a radio transmission system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Seit einigen Jahren werden innerhalb des deutschen UKW-Rundfunknetzes und auch in benachbarten Ländern von Zeit zu Zeit Verkehrsnachrichten ausgesendet. Die Verkehrsfunksender, die solche Nachrichten mehr oder weniger regelmäßig ausstrahlen, sind durch einen zusätzlich zur Nutzmodulation ausgestrahlten 57- kHz-Hilfsträger gekennzeichnet, der bei Stereo-Sendern als dritte Viefache des 19-kHz-Stereo-Pilottons synchron mit diesem ausgestrahlt wird. Dabei ist der 57-kHz-Hilfsträger mit dem Pilotton phasenstarr verkoppelt wobei die Nulldurchgänge in der gleichen Richtung erfolgen. Dieser Hilfsträger dient zugleich auch zur Übertragung zusätzlicher Informationen - auch Kennungen genannt -- die als Amplituden-Modulation dem Hilfsträger aufgeprägt sind. (DBP 20 51 034).For some years now, traffic news has been broadcast within the German VHF radio network and also in neighboring countries. The traffic radio stations, which broadcast such messages more or less regularly, are characterized by a 57 kHz subcarrier broadcast in addition to the useful modulation, which is broadcast synchronously with stereo transmitters as the third multiple of the 19 kHz stereo pilot tone. The 57 kHz subcarrier is phase-locked to the pilot tone, with the zero crossings taking place in the same direction. This subcarrier also serves for the transmission of additional information - also called identifiers - which are impressed on the subcarrier as amplitude modulation. (DBP 20 51 034).

Eine dieser Kennungen wird zusammen mit der Durchsage der Verkehrsnachricht ausgestrahlt. Sie zeigt also an, daß während ihrer Ausstrahlung über den UKW-Sender eine Nachricht zur Verkehrslage verbreitet wird, und wird daher auch kurz Durchsagekennung (DK) genannt. Die Durchsagekennung besteht aus einem sehr schmalen Frequenzband bei 125 hz, welches den Hilfsträger mit 30 % seiner Amplitude moduliert.One of these identifiers is broadcast together with the announcement of the traffic message. It therefore indicates that a message about the traffic situation is being broadcast via the VHF transmitter and is therefore also called an announcement identifier (DK). The announcement identifier consists of a very narrow frequency band at 125 Hz, which modulates the subcarrier with 30% of its amplitude.

Mit dieser Durchsagekennung werden in einem für das System bestimmten Empfänger über einen 57-kHz-Detektor und einen Amplituden-Demodulator Umschalteinrichtungen in der NF-Stufe gesteuert ; sei es z. B. zur Anhebung der Lautstärke während der Durchsage oder wenn der Empfänger stummgeschaltet ist zur Aufhebung der Stummschaltung oder bei kombinierten Radio-Cassetten-Recordern auch zur Umschaltung von der Cassettenwiedergabe auf Wiedergabe der Verkehrsnachricht, wenn diese beginnt und zur Zurückschaltung auf Cassettenwiedergabe, wenn die Durchsage beendet ist.With this announcement identifier, switching devices in the LF stage are controlled in a receiver intended for the system via a 57 kHz detector and an amplitude demodulator; be it z. B. to increase the volume during the announcement or when the receiver is muted to unmute or in the case of combined radio-cassette recorders also to switch from cassette playback to playback of the traffic announcement when it starts and to switch back to cassette playback when the announcement is finished.

Eine weitere vom Hilfsträger übertragene Information dient der Kennzeichnung von Verkehrsfunkbereichen. Alle UKW-Verkehrsfunksender, die in einem bestimmten geographischen Gebiet liegen, sind durch eine einheitliche Kennung - kurz Bereichskennung (BK) - gekennzeichnet. Ihre Verkehrsnachrichten betreffen im wesentlichen dasselbe geographische Gebiet. Diese Bereichskennung moduliert die Amplitude des Hilfsträgers kontinuierlich zu 60 %. Die Bandbreite der einzelnen Bereichskennungen und deren Lage zueinander sind so gewählt, daß sich bei einer Güte von größer 20 eine Nachbarkanaldämpfung von größer 15 dB ergibt. Innerhalb des verfügbaren Frequenzbandes hat man 6 Bereichskennungen festgelegt, wobei sichergestellt ist, daß die Harmonischen der Kennungen zwischen die anderen Kennungen fallen. (DBP 22 40 941)Another information transmitted by the subcarrier is used to identify traffic radio areas. All VHF traffic radio stations that are located in a certain geographical area are identified by a uniform identifier - in short, area identifier (BK). Your traffic news covers essentially the same geographic area. This area identifier continuously modulates the amplitude of the subcarrier by 60%. The bandwidth of the individual area identifiers and their position in relation to one another are selected such that, with a quality of greater than 20, there is an adjacent channel attenuation of greater than 15 dB. 6 range identifiers have been defined within the available frequency band, ensuring that the harmonics of the identifiers fall between the other identifiers. (DBP 22 40 941)

Während einer Verkehrsdurchsage ist der Hilfsträger somit von 2 Kennungen moduliert, nämlich mit der DK und der BK, außerhalb der Zeit der Verkehrsdurchsagen nur mit einer, der BK.During a traffic announcement, the subcarrier is thus modulated by 2 identifiers, namely with the DK and the BK, outside of the time of the traffic announcements only with one, the BK.

In Suchlaufempfängern kann man das Vorhandensein des 7-kHz-Hilfsträgers (SK) dazu ausnutzen, den Suchlauf nur bei verkehrsfunksendern anhalten zu lassen. Da die 7 kHz die dritte Vieltache des 19-kHz-Pilottons sind, besteht die Gefahr, daß infolge von Nicht-Linearitäten im Sender oder Empfänger Oberwellen des 19-kHz-Pilottons und damit 57 kHz auch bei Nicht-Verkehrsfunksendern entstehen. Daher hat man in dem Detektor für den 57-kHz-Hilfsträger einen Hilfszweig vorgesehen, der den Detektorausgang erst freigibt, wenn ein weiterer Detektor das Vorhandensein der Bereichskennung anzeigt. (DBP 25 33 946)In search receivers, the presence of the 7 kHz auxiliary carrier (SK) can be used to only let the search stop at traffic information stations. Since the 7 kHz is the third multiple of the 19 kHz pilot tone, there is a risk that, due to non-linearities in the transmitter or receiver, harmonics of the 19 kHz pilot tone and thus 57 kHz will also occur with non-traffic radio stations. An auxiliary branch has therefore been provided in the detector for the 57 kHz subcarrier, which only releases the detector output when another detector indicates the presence of the area identifier. (DBP 25 33 946)

In einer neueren Schaltung wird auch der Modulationsgrad des Hilfsträgers durch die Bereichskennung' gemessen und bei Feststellung des richtigen Modulationsgrades von 60% das Verweilen des Suchlaufs auf dem Verkehrsfunksender freigegeben wird.In a newer circuit, the degree of modulation of the subcarrier is also measured by the area identifier and, if the correct degree of modulation is found to be 60%, the search is allowed to remain on the traffic information transmitter.

Dieses Verkehrsfunkssystem arbeitet in weiten Empfangsbereichen zur vollen Zufriedenheit. Doch zeigten sich unter erschwerten Empfangsbedingungen häufiger Fehlschaltungen bei der Auswertung der Durchsagekennung. So tritt z. B. durch Mehrwegeempfang öfter eine Modulation des 57-kHz-Hilfsträgers auf, die eine Durchsagekennung vortäuschen kann und damit falsche Umschaltungen in der NF-Stufe bewirkt.This traffic radio system works in wide reception areas to full satisfaction. However, under difficult reception conditions, incorrect switching was more common when evaluating the announcement identifier. So z. B. by multipath reception more often a modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier, which can pretend an announcement identifier and thus causes incorrect switching in the NF stage.

Aufgabe und LösungTask and solution

Es stellt sich von daher die Aufgabe, die Erkennbarkeit der Durchsagekennung DK zu verbessern.It is therefore the task of improving the recognizability of the announcement identifier DK.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 genannten Mitteln gelöst.This object is achieved with the means mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Diese Mittel schaffen eine zweite Kenngröße zur Erkennung einer Durchsage, die im Empfänger entweder selbständig oder zusammen mit dem bisher als Durchsagekennung verwendeten Frequenzband ausgewertet werden kann.These means create a second parameter for recognizing an announcement, which can be evaluated in the receiver either independently or together with the frequency band previously used as an announcement identifier.

Die Absenkung des durch die erste, die Bereichskennung BK hervorgerufenen Modulationsgrades des Hilfsträgers von mehr auf weniger als 50 %, z. B. von 60 % auf 30 %, ergibt überdies die Möglichkeit, den Modulationsgrad des Hilfsträgers durch die zweite, die Durchsagekennung DK von 30 %aufmehrals40 %, z. B. 60 %, zu erhöhen. Dadurch wird auch die Erkennbarkeit dieser Durchsagekennfrequenz erhöht.The reduction in the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier caused by the first area identifier BK from more to less than 50%, e.g. B. from 60% to 30%, moreover gives the possibility to change the degree of modulation of the subcarrier by the second, the announcement identifier DK from 30% to more than 40%, e.g. B. 60% to increase. This also increases the recognizability of this announcement characteristic frequency.

Eine Schaltung zur Erkennung der Verringerung des Modulationsgrades des Hilfsträgers durch die 1: Kennung während einer Durchsage ist in einer gleichzeitig eingereichten Europäischen, Patentanmeldung - veröffentlicht unter der Veröffentlichungs-Nr. EP-A-66073 - beschrieben.A circuit for detecting the reduction in the degree of modulation of the subcarrier by the 1: identifier during an announcement is in a simultaneously filed European patent application - published under publication no. EP-A-66073.

Beschreibungdescription

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 das Prinzip eines UKW-Senders in einem Blockschaltbild
  • Figur 2 das Prinzip eines Modulators für den 57-kHz-Hilfsträger im Blockschaltbild
  • Figur 3 ein detailliertes Blockschaltbild eines Modulators
  • Figur 4 verschiedene Modulationsgrade eines höherfrequenten Trägers mit einem niederfrequenten Signal
  • Figur 5 den erfindungsgemäßen Modulationsgrad des höherfrequenten Trägers als Funktion der Zeit.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it :
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of an FM transmitter in a block diagram
  • Figure 2 shows the principle of a modulator for the 57 kHz subcarrier in the block diagram
  • Figure 3 is a detailed block diagram of a modulator
  • Figure 4 different degrees of modulation of a higher frequency carrier with a low frequency signal
  • Figure 5 shows the degree of modulation of the higher frequency carrier according to the invention as a function of time.

In dem in Figur 1 dargestellten HF-Generator 1 wird die Trägerfrequenz des Senders erzeugt. In einem Frequenzmodulator 2 wird diese Trägerfrequenz mit der breitbandigen Nutzmodulation in der Frequenz moduliert. In einem Leistungsverstärker 3 wird der frequenzmodulierte Träger verstärkt und über die Antenne 4 abgestrahlt.The carrier frequency of the transmitter is generated in the HF generator 1 shown in FIG. In a frequency modulator 2, this carrier frequency is modulated in frequency with the broadband useful modulation. The frequency-modulated carrier is amplified in a power amplifier 3 and radiated via the antenna 4.

Bei einem sog. Verkehrsfunksender enthält die Nutzmodulation des Trägers u. a. einem 57-kHz-Hilfsträger, der einerseits mit weiteren Informationen, d. h. Kennungen, in der Amplitude moduliert ist, andererseits mit dem 19-kHz-Stereopilotton synchronisiert ist, und zwar phasenstarr mit Nulldurchgängen in gleicher Richtung.In a so-called traffic radio transmitter, the useful modulation of the carrier includes u. a. a 57 kHz subcarrier, on the one hand, with further information, i. H. Identifiers in which the amplitude is modulated, on the other hand, is synchronized with the 19 kHz stereo pilot tone, namely in a phase-locked manner with zero crossings in the same direction.

Der in der Nutzmodulation enthaltene Hilfsträger wird in dem in Figur 2 dargestellten 57-kHz-Generator 5 erzeugt und in dem Amplitudenmodulator 6 mit den Kennungen in der Amplitude moduliert. In einer Addierstufe 7 wird der amplitudenmodulierte 57-kHz-Hilfsträger mit der übrigen Nutzmodulation des Senders vereinigt. Dieses Signal wird dann dem Frequenzmodulator 2 des Senders zugeführt.The subcarrier contained in the useful modulation is generated in the 57 kHz generator 5 shown in FIG. 2 and modulated in amplitude in the amplitude modulator 6 with the identifiers. In an adding stage 7, the amplitude-modulated 57 kHz subcarrier is combined with the other useful modulation of the transmitter. This signal is then fed to the frequency modulator 2 of the transmitter.

Der Amplitudenmodulator 6 hat zwei Modulationseingänge BK, DK für. zwei verschiedene Kennungen. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die erste Kennung BK dem Sendebereich zugeordnet, während dei zweite Kennung DK der Durchsage einer Verkehrsmeldung, zugeordnet ist.The amplitude modulator 6 has two modulation inputs BK, DK for. two different identifiers. As already mentioned, the first identifier BK is assigned to the transmission area, while the second identifier DK is assigned to the announcement of a traffic announcement.

Nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel derErfindung werden beide Kennungen durch ganzzahlige Teilung aus der Hilfsträgerfrequenz gewonnen, so daß die Kennungen aus Frequenzbändern mit extrem geringer Bandbreite bestehen. Die Teilungsverhältnisse sind derart gewählt, daß die zweite Kennung oberhalb der zweiten Vielfachen der Netzfrequenz liegt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, both identifiers are obtained from the subcarrier frequency by integer division, so that the identifiers consist of frequency bands with extremely narrow bandwidth. The division ratios are chosen such that the second identifier lies above the second multiple of the network frequency.

Die beiden erforderlichen Teiler 8, 9 sind über Schaltstufen 10, 11 mit den jeweiligen Eingängen des Modulators 6 verbunden. Beide Schaltstufen werden synchron geschaltet und sind willkürlich bedienbar. Die Schaltstufe 10 enthält funktionsmäßig nur einen Einschalter, während die Schaltstufe 11 funktionsmäßig einen schaltbaren Spannungsteiler mit gleichen Widerstandswerte Ro der beiden Teilwiderstände 12, 13 bildet, der die Ausgangsspannung des Teilers 9 halbiert. Die Ausgangssignale der beiden Teiler 8, 9 sind untereinander so auf die Amplitude des 57-kHz-Generators abgestimmt, daß jeder für sich den gleichen Modulationsgrad - nämlich 60 % - des Hilfsträgers bewirkt, so daß in dem hier dargestellten ersten Schaltzustand, wenn nur das Ausgangssignal des Teilers 9 am zugehörigen Eingang BK des Amplitudenmodulators 6 liegt, die Amplitude des 57-kHz-Hilfsträgers allein durch die BK mit einem Modulations grad von 60 % moduliert wird und daß im zweiten Schaltzustand, wenn die Ausgangssignale beider Teiler 8, 9 dem Amplitudenmodulator 6 zugeführt werden, der Modulationsgrad des 57-kHz-Hilfsträgers durch die erste Kennung BK halbiert wird und nur noch 30 % beträgt, während der Modulationsgrad des 57-kHz-Hilfsträgers durch die zweite Kennung DK 60 % beträgt, beide Kennungen zusammen also die Amplitude des Hilfsträgers zu 90 % modulieren und in dieser Hinsicht mit dem bereits bestehenden Verkehrsfunksystem übereinstimmen. Die durch den Teiler 9 erzeugte Bereichskennung BK ist in jedem Verkehrsbereich eine andere. Bei einer ausreichenden Anzahl von verfügbaren Bereichskennungen BK kann man jeder Sendestation eine eigene BK zuordnen. Die Verschiedenheit der BK von Bereich zu Bereich bzw. von Station zu Station ist im Teiler 9 durch den Pfeil angedeutet.The two required dividers 8, 9 are connected to the respective inputs of the modulator 6 via switching stages 10, 11. Both switching stages are switched synchronously and can be operated arbitrarily. Functionally, switching stage 10 contains only one switch, while switching stage 11 functionally forms a switchable voltage divider with the same resistance values Ro of the two partial resistors 12, 13, which halves the output voltage of divider 9. The output signals of the two dividers 8, 9 are mutually matched to the amplitude of the 57 kHz generator so that each causes the same degree of modulation - namely 60% - of the subcarrier, so that in the first switching state shown here, if only that Output signal of the divider 9 is at the associated input BK of the amplitude modulator 6, the amplitude of the 57 kHz subcarrier is modulated by the BK alone with a modulation degree of 60% and that in the second switching state when the output signals of both dividers 8, 9 the amplitude modulator 6 are supplied, the degree of modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier is halved by the first identifier BK and is now only 30%, while the degree of modulation of the 57 kHz subcarrier is 60% due to the second identifier DK, both identifiers together thus the amplitude modulate the subcarrier to 90% and in this respect match the existing traffic radio system. The area identifier BK generated by the divider 9 is different in each traffic area. If there is a sufficient number of available area identifiers BK, each transmitter station can be assigned its own BK. The difference of the BK from area to area or from station to station is indicated in the divider 9 by the arrow.

Durch einen Wahlschalter 14 kann man das Teilungsverhältnis im Teiler 8 variieren und z. B. für Durchsagen in verschiedenen Sprachen in einem mehrsprachigen Land verschiedene Kennungen DK wählen. Nach den vorliegenden Untersuchungen können die zweiten Kennungen DK frequenzmäßig an den Frequenzbereich der unteren Grenzfrequenz der Durchsagen anschließen. Eine der zweiten Kennungen DK kann so durchaus bei 170 Hz liegen.By a selector switch 14, the division ratio in the divider 8 can be varied and z. B. Select different identifiers DK for announcements in different languages in a multilingual country. According to the present investigations, the second identifiers DK can connect in terms of frequency to the frequency range of the lower limit frequency of the announcements. One of the second identifiers DK can thus be 170 Hz.

Man kann aber auch Programmarten verschiedenen Inhalts, z. B. Verkehrsnachrichten, allgemeine Nachriten und Sportnachrichten jeweils eine eigene DK zuordnen, die mit dem Wahlschalter entsprechend der laufenden Programmart einzuschalten ist.But you can also program types of different content, for. B. Traffic news, general rites and sports news each assign their own DK, which is to be switched on with the selector switch according to the current program type.

In Figur 3 ist ein etwas detaillierteres Blockschaltbild des Modulators 6 wiedergegeben. Danach ist dem 57-kHz-Generator, der als Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL) ausgebildet ist, d. h. aus einem spannungsgesteuerten Oszillator 15, einem Phasendetektor 16 und einem Tiefpaß 17 besteht, eine 57-kHz-Referenzquelle vorgeschaltet, welche bei Mono-Sendern an einen 57- kHz-Quarz 18, bei Stereo-Sendern aus einem Dreifach-Multiplikator 19 für den 19-kHz-Stereopilotton besteht, welch letzterem ein Phasenschieber 20 nachgeschaltet ist, um die Nulldurchgänge beider Amplituden in gleiche Richtung zu bringen.FIG. 3 shows a somewhat more detailed block diagram of the modulator 6. Then the 57 kHz generator, which is designed as a phase-locked loop (PLL), i. H. a voltage-controlled oscillator 15, a phase detector 16 and a low-pass filter 17, upstream a 57 kHz reference source, which is connected to a 57 kHz crystal 18 in mono transmitters, and a triple multiplier 19 for the 19th in stereo transmitters -kHz stereo pilot tone, which is followed by a phase shifter 20 to bring the zero crossings of both amplitudes in the same direction.

Das Ausgangssignal der 57-kHz-Referenzquelle wird im Phasendetektor 16 mit dem Ausgangssignal des Oszillators 15 verglichen. Mit dem eventuellen Korrektursignal am Ausgang des Phasendetektors 16 wird über den Tiefpaß 17 der Oszillator 15 nachgeregelt.The output signal of the 57 kHz reference source is compared in the phase detector 16 with the output signal of the oscillator 15. With the Any correction signal at the output of the phase detector 16 is readjusted via the low-pass filter 17 of the oscillator 15.

Das Oszillatorsignal wird in zwei digital arbeitenden Teilern 8 und 9 mit variablem Teilerverhältnis wie bereits erwähnt, heruntergeteilt. Für die DK-Teilerstufe 8' z. B. ist die Wahl zwischen drei Teilerverhältnissen möglich, für die BK-Teilerstufe 9' ist die Voreinstellung auf eines von zehn Teilerverhältnissen vorgesehen, und zwar sind für die DK-Teilerstufe 8' die Teilerverhältnisse 21, 23 und 25 wählbar, für die BK-Teilerstufe 9' die Voreinstellung auf eines der Teilerverhältnisse 150, 126, 102, 90, 78, 66, 56, 47, 36, und 29. Solche Teilerstufen 8', 9' finden sich z. B. im Motorola-Halbleiter-Handbuch, 2. Ausgabe 1974, Fig. 4.64.The oscillator signal is divided down into two digital dividers 8 and 9 with a variable divider ratio, as already mentioned. For the DK sub-level 8 'z. B. the choice between three divider ratios is possible, for the BK divider level 9 'the default setting is provided for one of ten divider ratios, namely for the DK divider stage 8' the divider ratios 21, 23 and 25 can be selected, for the BK divider Divider 9 'the default to one of the divider ratios 150, 126, 102, 90, 78, 66, 56, 47, 36, and 29. Such divider 8', 9 'can be found, for. B. in the Motorola semiconductor manual, 2nd edition 1974, Fig. 4.64.

Beiden Teilerstufen 8' und 9' ist je ein Modulo-16-Teiler 21, 22 nachgeschaltet, auf den in beiden Zweigen ein Treppenspannungsgenerator 23, 24 folgt, dessen Ausgangssignal jeweils über einen Tiefpaß 25, 26 geleitet wird. Der Treppenspannungsgenerator 23 erzeugt zusammen mit dem Tiefpaß 25 aus der digitalen Ausgangsfrequenz der Teilerstufe 21 in bekannter Weise (DAS 25 15 660) wieder eine Sinusschwingung, so daß am Ausgang des Tiefpasses 25 dann die durch das gewählte Teilerverhältnis bestimmte DK entweder 169,7 Hz, 154,9 Hz oder 142,5 Hz abnehmbar ist. Während der Treppenspannungsgenerator 24 zusammen mit dem Tiefpaß 26 aus dem digitalen Ausgangssignal der Teilerstufe 22 in gleicher Weise eine der folgenden Frequenzen zur Verfügung stellt : 23,75 Hz, 28,27 Hz, 34,93 Hz, 39,58 Hz, 45,67 Hz, 53,98 Hz, 63,61 Hz, 75,8 Hz, 98,96 Hz und 122,85 Hz.Both divider stages 8 'and 9' are followed by a modulo 16 divider 21, 22, followed by a stair voltage generator 23, 24 in both branches, the output signal of which is passed via a low pass 25, 26, respectively. The staircase voltage generator 23, together with the low-pass filter 25, generates a sinusoidal oscillation from the digital output frequency of the divider stage 21 in a known manner (DAS 25 15 660), so that at the output of the low-pass filter 25, the DK determined by the selected divider ratio is either 169.7 Hz, 154.9 Hz or 142.5 Hz is removable. While the stair voltage generator 24 together with the low-pass filter 26 provides one of the following frequencies in the same way from the digital output signal of the divider stage 22: 23.75 Hz, 28.27 Hz, 34.93 Hz, 39.58 Hz, 45.67 Hz, 53.98 Hz, 63.61 Hz, 75.8 Hz, 98.96 Hz and 122.85 Hz.

Auf die Tiefpäße folgen die bereits erwähnten Schaltstufen 10 und 11, die von einem Einschaltverstärker 27 gesteuert werden, der dem Wahlschalter 14 nachgeschaltet ist. Bei Betätigung des Wahlschalters 14 unmittelbar vor einer Durchsage wird somit gleichzeitig das Teilerverhältnis bestimmt und die beiden Schaltstufe 10, 11 geschaltet. Die Schaltstufen 10, 11 umfassen in beiden Zweigen Trennverstärker 28, 29, damit das Ausgangssignal der Schaltstufe durch die nachfolgende Schaltung nicht belastet wird. Diese Trennverstärker werden so eingeregelt, daß der Hilfsträger durch deren Ausgangssignal jeweils zu 60 % in der Amplitude moduliert wird, wenn das volle Ausgangssignal des vorausgehenden Tiefpasses am Eingang anliegt.The low-pass filter is followed by the switching stages 10 and 11 already mentioned, which are controlled by a switch-on amplifier 27 which is connected downstream of the selector switch 14. When the selector switch 14 is actuated immediately before an announcement, the division ratio is determined at the same time and the two switching stages 10, 11 are switched. The switching stages 10, 11 comprise isolating amplifiers 28, 29 in both branches, so that the output signal of the switching stage is not loaded by the subsequent circuit. These isolation amplifiers are adjusted so that the subcarrier is modulated by the output signal to 60% in amplitude when the full output signal of the previous low pass is present at the input.

Wie bereits erwähnt, wird mittels der Schaltstufe 11 der Modulationsgrad des Hilfsträgers durch die BK halbiert. Diese Absenkung des Modulationsgrades des Hilfsträgers durch die BK von 60 % auf 30 % erfolgt synchron mit der Einschaltung der DK, die ihrerseits den Hilfsträger zu 60 % moduliert.As already mentioned, the modulation degree of the subcarrier is halved by the BK by means of the switching stage 11. This reduction in the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier by the BK from 60% to 30% takes place synchronously with the activation of the DK, which in turn modulates the auxiliary carrier by 60%.

Die beiden Ausgangssignale der Trennverstärker werden in einer Addierstufe 30 zusammengeführt und deren Ausgangssignal wird auf einen Steuereingang des Modulators 6 gegeben, während an dem Haupteingang des Modulators 6 das Ausgangssignal des 57-kHz-Generators 5 anliegt. Der so modulierte 57-kHz-Hilfsträger wird in einem Einmischverstärker 31 der Nutzmodulation MPX des Senders überlagert und von dort auf den Modulator 2 des UKW-Trägers gegeben.The two output signals of the isolation amplifiers are brought together in an adder stage 30 and their output signal is fed to a control input of the modulator 6, while the output signal of the 57 kHz generator 5 is present at the main input of the modulator 6. The 57 kHz subcarrier modulated in this way is superimposed in a mixing amplifier 31 on the useful modulation MPX of the transmitter and from there is fed to the modulator 2 of the VHF carrier.

Das Ausgangssignal des Modulators 6 kann über ein wahlweise anschließbares Meßgerät 32 beobachtet werden, bei der Fertigung der Schaltung läßt sich mit diesem Meßgerät die Einregelung des Modulationsgrad des Hilfsträgers durch BK und DK, d. h. die Einstellung des Verstärkungsgrades der Trennverstärker 28, 29 überwachen.The output signal of the modulator 6 can be observed via an optionally connectable measuring device 32. During the manufacture of the circuit, the regulation of the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier by BK and DK, ie. H. monitor the setting of the gain of the isolation amplifiers 28, 29.

In Figur 4 sind verschiedene Modulationsgrade eines höherfrequenten Trägers mit einem niederfrequenten Signal dargestellt. Diese Darstellung ist der « Großen Rundfunkfibel von F. Bergtold, 11. Auflage, entnommen.FIG. 4 shows different degrees of modulation of a higher-frequency carrier with a low-frequency signal. This illustration is taken from the «Great Broadcasting Guide by F. Bergtold, 11th edition.

Es steht im Rahmen der Erfindung natürlich auch die Wahl dieser oder anderer Modulationsgrade frei, wie auch anderer Verhältnisse der Modulationsgrade untereinander und der Modulationsgradabsenkung.Within the scope of the invention, of course, the choice of these or other degrees of modulation is also free, as are other ratios of the degrees of modulation to one another and the reduction in the degree of modulation.

In Figur 5 ist der erfindungsgemäß wechselnde Modulationsgrad des hilfsträgers 'als Funktion der Zeit nochmals schematisch angedeutet. Vor dem Zeitpunkt to, dem Beginn einer Programmart, die besonders gekennzeichnet ist, z. B. einer Verkehrsdurchsage, wird der 57-kHz-Hilfsträger allein mit der ersten Kennung, der Sende-Bereichs- oder -stations-Kennfrequenz, BK, von z. B. 54 Hz zu 60 % in der Amplitude moduliert, d. h. die Amplitude des Hilfsträgers schwankt swischen 40% und 160% ihres unmodulierten Wertes. Zum Zeitpunkt to wird die Programmart-oder Durchsagekennung DK eingeschaltet. Durch die Synchronschaltung der Schaltstufen 10 und 11 sinkt der durch die BK hervorgerufene Modulationsgrad der Hilfsträgeramplitude auf 30 %, d. h. die hierdurch hervorgerufene Schwankung der Hilfsträgeramplitude liegt nunmehr nur noch zwischen 70 % und 130 % des unmodulierten Wertes, während sich dieser Modulation noch eine weitere Schwankung der Hilfsträgeramplitude mit der Durchsage- oder Programmartkennung DK überlagert, die ihrerseits den Hilfsträger mit 60 % moduliert, so daß die Hilfsträgeramplitude insgesamt zwischen 10 % und 190 0/0 des unmodulierten Wertes oszilliert.In FIG. 5, the degree of modulation of the auxiliary carrier, which changes according to the invention, is again indicated schematically as a function of time. Before the time t o , the beginning of a program type that is specially marked, e.g. B. a traffic announcement, the 57 kHz subcarrier alone with the first identifier, the transmission area or station identification frequency, BK, z. B. 54 Hz modulated to 60% in amplitude, ie the amplitude of the subcarrier fluctuates between 40% and 160% of their unmodulated value. At time t o , the program type or announcement identifier DK is switched on. Due to the synchronous switching of switching stages 10 and 11, the degree of modulation of the subcarrier amplitude caused by the BK drops to 30%, i.e. the fluctuation of the subcarrier amplitude caused by this is now only between 70% and 130% of the unmodulated value, while this modulation is subject to a further fluctuation superimposed on the subcarrier amplitude with the announcement or program type identifier DK, which in turn modulates the subcarrier with 60%, so that the subcarrier amplitude oscillates overall between 10% and 190 0/0 of the unmodulated value.

Zum Zeitpunkt t1 sei die Durchsage beendet, cann werden beide Schaltstufen 10, 11 zurückgeschaltet, wodurch sich der erstbeschriebene Zustand wieder einstellt.At the point in time t 1 , the announcement is ended, both switching stages 10, 11 are switched back, whereby the first described state is restored.

Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung auch möglich, während der Aussendung einer bestimmten Programmart die Modulation des Hilfsträgers durch die Bereichs- oder Stationskennung (BK) vollständig auszuschalten und den Hilfsträger nur durch die dieser Programmart zugeordnete DK zu modulieren und dann für die DK sogar einen Modulationsgrad von 90 % zu wählen.It is also possible within the scope of the invention to completely switch off the modulation of the subcarrier by the area or station identifier (BK) during the transmission of a certain program type and to modulate the subcarrier only by the DK assigned to this program type and then even a degree of modulation for the DK to choose from 90%.

Claims (13)

1. FM transmitter (1, 2, 3, 4) which is intended for a broadcast-transmission system and which is frequency modulated with a base band comprising a 57-kHz subcarrier and which during and/or between the programmes additionally radiates identification signals as amplitude modulation of the 57-kHz subcarrier, including an amplitude modulator (6) for the 57-kHz subcarrier which amplitude modulates this subcarrier, at least between the programmes, at more than 50 % with a first area identification signal (BK), which is associated with the transmitting area or the station, and amplitude modulates this subcarrier, during certain types of programmes, with a second identification signal (DK), which is associated with the type of programme, the total percentage of subcarrier modulation essentially not exceeding 90 % during the duration of the certain types of programme, characterised in that for the duration of the modulation with the second identification signal (DK), the percentage of subcarrier modulation by the first identification signal (BK) is reduced.
2. FM transmitter according to Claim 1, characterised in that the reduced percentage of subcarrier modulation by the first identification signal (BK) is < 50 %.
3. FM transmitter according to Claim 1* or 2, characterised in that the reduced percentage of subcarrier modulation by the first identification signal (BK) is 50 % of the unreduced modulation percentage.
4. FM transmitter according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the modulator (6) modulates the subcarrier, during the duration of the certain programmes, with a modulation percentage of > 40 % with the second identification signal (DK).
5. FM transmitter according to Claim 4, characterised in that the modulator (6) modulates the subcarrier, during the duration of the certain programmes, at 30 % with the first identification signal (BK) and at 60-% with the second identification signal (DK).
6. FM transmitter according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised by two dividers (8, 9) which are associated with the two identification signals (BK, DK) and which divide the identification signals allocated to them by integral division from the frequency of the subcarrier.
7. FM transmitter according to Claim 6, characterised in that the dividers (8, 9) consist of divider stages (8', 9') provided with selectable dividing ratios and of modulo-16 dividers (21, 22) which follow these divider stages in each case and that each modulo-16 divider is followed by a step- voltage generator (23, 24) and a low-pass filter (25, 26) connected in series.
8. FM transmitter according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the dividing ratios of the DK divider (8) are predetermined in such a manner that the second identification signals (DK) are in the frequency range above the second multiple of the mains frequency.
9. FM transmitter according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the dividing ratios of the DK divider (8) are predetermined in such a manner that the second identification signals (DK) adjoin the frequency range of the lower cut-off frequency of the programme types.
10. FM transmitter according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterised in that the dividing ratios for the two dividers (8, 9) are predetermined in such a manner that higher harmonic frequencies of the first identification signals (BK) fall between the second identification signals (DK).
11. FM transmitter according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the dividing ratios of the DK divider (8) are predetermined in such a manner that one of the second identification signals (DK) is at 142 Hz.
12. FM transmitter according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the dividing ratios of the DK divider (8) are predetermined in such a manner that one of the second identification signals (DK) is at 170 Hz.
13. FM transmitter according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that each divider (8, 9) is connected via a switching stage (10, 11) to an associated input (DK, BK) of an adding stage (30), that each switching stage (10, 11) contains a buffer amplifier (28, 29), the output signal of which modulates the amplitude of the subcarrier at 60 %, that the switching stage (10) following the divider for the first identification signal (BK) comprises a voltage divider which precedes the input of the buffer amplifier and is built up of two identical resistors (12, 13) whilst the other switching stage (11) comprises a closing switch and that both switching stages (10. 11) can be synchronously controlled.
EP82100827A 1981-05-27 1982-02-05 Uhf transmitter for a traffic information radio broadcasting system Expired EP0065616B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82100827T ATE14807T1 (en) 1981-05-27 1982-02-05 VHF TRANSMITTER FOR A TRAFFIC BROADCASTING SYSTEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3121087 1981-05-27
DE3121087A DE3121087C2 (en) 1981-05-27 1981-05-27 FM transmitter

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JP (1) JPS57199348A (en)
AT (1) ATE14807T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8202129A (en)
CA (1) CA1173507A (en)
DE (1) DE3121087C2 (en)
ES (1) ES512550A0 (en)
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US4584708A (en) 1986-04-22
ZA822253B (en) 1983-02-23
ES8304388A1 (en) 1983-02-16
CA1173507A (en) 1984-08-28
DE3121087C2 (en) 1983-12-01
EP0065616A1 (en) 1982-12-01
ES512550A0 (en) 1983-02-16
MX150247A (en) 1984-04-04
BR8202129A (en) 1983-03-22
DE3121087A1 (en) 1982-12-30
JPS57199348A (en) 1982-12-07
ATE14807T1 (en) 1985-08-15

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