DE102016114967A1 - System and method for displaying at least one performance characteristic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention describes a system for displaying at least one performance characteristic comprising a vehicle (1) having a plurality of vehicle components, e.g. an electric motor (68) or a Tretwellensensor (67), each adapted to detect sensor data and these, for example via a bus (61) to provide and a vehicle module (40) having a memory means (44) for Storing sensor data and inner module communication means (42) adapted to capture and store the sensor data of at least some of the plurality of vehicle components in the memory means (44). Furthermore, a computing unit (45) is provided, which is configured to calculate at least one performance characteristic of the vehicle using at least some of the stored sensor data (44) and an external vehicle communication device (41), the vehicle module (40) thereto is configured to transmit at least the performance characteristic using the external vehicle communication device to a mobile terminal (10).

Description

The invention relates to a system and a method for displaying at least one power value.

Battery-powered vehicles, especially electric bicycles (so-called e-bikes), enjoy great popularity. Other electric vehicles have also gained a high profile in road traffic (e.g., small electric vehicles or off-road vehicles). There are several manufacturers that produce battery-powered vehicles. The components or vehicle components used are sometimes very different. Some manufacturers allow communication with individual vehicle components and / or component groups. However, a uniform solution for communication with the vehicle components is not known. This complicates the development of applications based on information provided by the vehicle components.

Furthermore, various vehicles are known in which some performance characteristics, e.g. Range of the vehicle or user power, and other information, e.g. current speed, average speed, kilometers driven, on proprietary displays that are mostly part of the vehicle. These solutions are expensive and no longer up-to-date, as they are usually not developed further or there is no software update. There is a trend for such information to be displayed on mobile devices, such as smartphones and / or tablets, since in this case it is possible to take the collected data, share it with friends, and further evaluate it on other devices. In this context, however, it should be noted that the evaluation of possibly obtained data of the vehicle by the mobile terminals is relatively difficult, since many data are very vehicle-specific. For example, the range of a vehicle depends not only on the level of the battery, but also on the efficiency of the drive system and the operating range and efficiency of the electric motor used. The power delivered by a user on an e-bike depends only to a small extent on the average speed or cadence that has been driven.

Starting from this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved system and method for displaying at least one performance characteristic. In particular, corresponding performance characteristics should be determined relatively accurately.

The object is achieved by a system according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 7.

• – ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere Fahrrad, Folgendes aufweisend: – eine Vielzahl von Fahrzeugkomponenten, z.B. einen Elektromotor oder einen Tretwellensensor, die jeweils dazu ausgebildet sind, Sensordaten zu erfassen und diese, beispielsweise über einen Bus, bereitzustellen; – ein Fahrzeug-Modul, Folgendes aufweisend: – eine Speichereinrichtung zum Speichern von Sensordaten; – eine innere Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, die Sensordaten zumindest einiger der Vielzahl von Fahrzeugkomponenten, insbesondere über den Bus, zu erfassen und in der Speichereinrichtung zu speichern; – eine Recheneinheit, die dazu ausgebildet ist, unter Verwendung zumindest einiger der gespeicherten Sensordaten mindestens einen Leistungskennwert des Fahrzeugs zu berechnen; – eine, insbesondere zur drahtlosen Kommunikation ausgebildete, äußere Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung;

wobei das Fahrzeug-Modul dazu ausgebildet ist, zumindest den Leistungskennwert unter Verwendung der äußeren Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung an ein mobiles Endgerät zu übertragen.In particular, the object is achieved by a system comprising:

• A vehicle, in particular a bicycle, comprising: a plurality of vehicle components, eg an electric motor or a trough sensor, which are each designed to detect sensor data and to provide it, for example via a bus; A vehicle module, comprising: a memory device for storing sensor data; An in-vehicle communication device configured to acquire and store in the memory device the sensor data of at least some of the plurality of vehicle components, in particular via the bus; A computing unit configured to calculate at least one performance characteristic of the vehicle using at least some of the stored sensor data; A vehicle external communication device, especially for wireless communication;

wherein the vehicle module is adapted to transmit at least the performance characteristic using the exterior vehicle communication device to a mobile terminal.

The terms "inner" and "outer" are not intended to be limiting in relation to the vehicle communication devices. They merely serve to delimit the two vehicle communication devices from one another and could be replaced, for example, by the terms "first" and "second".

A particular advantage of the system according to the invention is that the vehicle module of a direct communication of the mobile terminal with the components of the vehicle is interposed. The vehicle module thus has several functions. On the one hand, the vehicle module can serve as a standardized, standardized interface between the mobile terminal and the vehicle, in particular individual or all components of the vehicle. On the other hand, it allows the vehicle module, filter existing data through filters and correct offsets (eg, an offset error of the pedal torque sensor can be detected over an angle of 360 ° and corrected by an angle-dependent compensation curve). Preferably, the data is stored and / or evaluated over a longer time so as to determine performance characteristics. The calculated performance characteristics can refer to sensor data that has been evaluated over a longer period of time. Furthermore, vehicle-specific parameters can be taken into account in the evaluation. Thus, much more accurate evaluations can be made than would be possible by a mobile terminal that is directly connected to the vehicle components. The performance characteristics are thus more precise and, if necessary, more meaningful.

In one embodiment, a wireless communication, for example via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, with the mobile terminal. The establishment and maintenance of a corresponding communication are relatively complex on the part of the mobile terminal. The running time of the mobile terminal can therefore be severely limited by maintaining a corresponding wireless communication. The vehicle module according to the invention makes it possible to buffer data, so that there is no need for continuous communication between the mobile terminal and the vehicle module. A query of the data can be done by the terminal at longer intervals, for example in the 20-second or 30-second intervals. At least some of the information obtained, for example an average speed or a level of a battery, can be transmitted less frequently. Furthermore, already evaluated performance characteristics can be transmitted. That is, the data to be transmitted or sensor data can be significantly reduced due to the evaluation by the vehicle module. Through this data reduction, the batteries and the storage capacity of the mobile terminal can be spared or relieved.

Furthermore, corresponding radio links are limited in terms of their bandwidth and interference, so that a (pre) evaluation and (pre-) interference by the vehicle module has the further advantage that very precise performance characteristics are determined in real time and ultimately displayed on the mobile device can.

In one embodiment, the system according to the invention is used to display performance characteristics relating to the sportiness or fitness level of the user of the vehicle. For example, the service provided by the user can be determined and displayed on the mobile terminal.

In one embodiment, at least some of the plurality of components communicate with a controller of the vehicle via a bus. This control may be an electronic control unit (ECU). In many battery-powered vehicles corresponding controls are provided. Preferably, the vehicle interior communication device is connected to the bus. The internal vehicle communication device can be an active or a passive (CAN bus) interface which simply evaluates the available data.

As such, it is not necessary to connect the vehicle module to each individual component of the plurality of vehicle components.

In one embodiment, the computing unit of the vehicle module is configured to actively request data from the controller and / or individual vehicle components. In this respect, the vehicle module can collect data as needed. In a preferred embodiment, however, there is an ongoing collection of data, for example at predetermined time intervals and / or whenever new data is available on the bus.

In one embodiment, the bus is a CAN bus. Corresponding CAN buses are known in this field of technology and are particularly reliable.

As already explained, the vehicle module comprises at least one storage device. This memory device serves to store the (raw) sensor data. Furthermore, the calculated performance characteristics can be stored. In one embodiment, a plurality of sensor data and / or performance characteristics are stored over time. For example, pairs of data may be stored, each including the value and a timestamp.

On the vehicle module, all data of the sensor and / or the CAN bus data (data of an electric motor and / or a battery) can be collected. Preferably, an evaluation and storage of these data takes place. The storage can serve a continuous timing of the data to save and to gain further data from this. A (gapless) data recording is particularly useful if there is no connection to the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the arithmetic unit is configured such that it stores or does not store sensor data depending on the existence or non-existence of a communication connection to the mobile terminal.

In a further embodiment, the period of time for which certain sensor data are stored may depend on whether the respective data has already been received by the mobile terminal.

• • Umwandlung der Daten des CAN-Protokolls in eine neue Datenstruktur (z.B. für eine Datentypnormierung);
• • Zeitliche Synchronisierung der Daten, die mit einer unterschiedlichen Abtastfrequenz vorliegen (z.B. CAN-Daten, analoge Signale);
• • Intelligente Auswertealgorithmen zur Verfeinerung der Signale (z.B. Pedalmessgeber mit unzureichender Datenqualität);
• • Auswertealgorithmus zur Bestimmung der wichtigsten Fahrzeugparameter (Rollwiderstand, Luftwiderstandsbeiwert);
• • Auswertealgorithmus zur Bestimmung der Effizienz des elektrischen Antriebes (Batterie + Motor + Getriebe) in bestimmten Betriebszuständen als Kennfeld in Funktion der Last, Drehzahl, Übersetzung), insbesondere zur Gewinnung eines Leistungskennwerts;

The vehicle module may be configured to evaluate sensor data. An evaluation of the data may include:

• • conversion of the data of the CAN protocol into a new data structure (eg for a data type normalization);
• • synchronizing the data synchronized with a different sampling frequency (eg CAN data, analogue signals);
• • Intelligent evaluation algorithms to refine the signals (eg pedal encoders with insufficient data quality);
• • Evaluation algorithm for determining the most important vehicle parameters (rolling resistance, drag coefficient);
• • Evaluation algorithm for determining the efficiency of the electric drive (battery + motor + gearbox) in certain operating states as a map as a function of the load, speed, ratio), in particular for obtaining a performance characteristic value;

• • Zeitliche Aufzeichnung aller oder einiger ausgewählter Sensordaten (menschliche Leistung, Motorleistung, Fahrgeschwindigkeit, etc.) für einen Zeitraum der max. Fahrzeit, (maximal eine Stunde), vorzugsweise für weniger als 10 Minuten;
• • Löschen der Log-Daten auf dem Speicher zu Sicherstellung nach erfolgreicher Übertragung der Daten auf ein mobiles Endgerät über eine vorzugsweise drahtlose Kommunikation.

Evaluation algorithm for determining the efficiency of human propulsion power to obtain a performance characteristic. Storing the data may include in one embodiment:

• • Time recording of all or some selected sensor data (human power, engine power, driving speed, etc.) for a period of max. Driving time, (maximum one hour), preferably for less than 10 minutes;
• • Deletion of the log data on the memory to ensure after successful transfer of the data to a mobile terminal via a preferably wireless communication.

The mobile terminal may be a tablet, a smartphone or a fitness watch.

In an embodiment, the vehicle includes a frame having a cavity, wherein the vehicle module is at least partially disposed in the cavity. In one embodiment, the vehicle module is disposed within a watertight housing.

The arithmetic unit can process instructions that cause the arithmetic unit to calculate average values from the stored sensor data and store them in a memory device.

In one embodiment, at least some of the sensor data is stored over a given time period in association with time information.

The vehicle may include sensors for detecting a power consumption of the electric motor and / or a speed and / or a state of charge of a battery. Accordingly, the sensor data may indicate a power consumption of the electric motor, a speed, and / or a state of charge of the battery.

The arithmetic unit may be designed or caused by appropriate instructions to calculate one or more performance characteristics based on some or more of these data. In one embodiment, the computing unit is configured to determine a range of the vehicle based on a calculated average speed, the state of charge of the battery, and a calculated average power consumption. The claim performance characteristic value can therefore not only indicate performance data of the user, but also performance data that relate to the vehicle and / or individual vehicle components. By the described evaluation of the average speed, the state of charge and the power consumption, a much more precise range prediction can be made than was possible with conventional devices.

In one embodiment, the vehicle module includes an analog-to-digital converter for determining sensor data. In this respect, in addition to the data that is provided on the bus, sensor data can be obtained directly.

In one embodiment, the vehicle module comprises a position determination device for determining a position of the vehicle. A corresponding position determining device may be a GPS or GNSS module. The arithmetic unit may be designed to determine a driving route based on a specific position of the vehicle and a destination position and to carry out the determination of the range of the vehicle using topographical information of the driving route.

In this respect, the predicted range of the vehicle can be further improved by the inclusion of (accurate) information about the route.

A corresponding improvement of the range prediction can be made on the side of the vehicle module and / or on the side of the mobile terminal. Thus, a corresponding improvement of the range prediction is also possible with a vehicle module that does not include a corresponding position-determining device. In this case, the position determination device can be made on the side of the mobile terminal. Alternatively, the positions detected by the mobile terminal and possibly obtained route information can also be transmitted from the mobile terminal to the vehicle module.

As already explained, the object mentioned at the outset is also achieved by a method for calculating at least one performance characteristic of a vehicle.

• – Erfassen von Sensordaten durch eine Vielzahl von Komponenten des Fahrzeugs;
• – Speichern der Sensordaten in einer Speichereinrichtung;
• – Berechnen, durch ein Fahrzeug-Modul, zumindest eines Leistungskennwertes unter Verwendung der gespeicherten Sensordaten;
• – Senden der Sensordaten durch das Fahrzeug-Modul und Empfangen des Leistungskennwertes auf einem mobilen Endgerät;
• – Anzeigen des Leistungskennwertes auf dem mobilen Endgerät.

The method may include the following steps:

• Detecting sensor data by a plurality of components of the vehicle;
• - storing the sensor data in a memory device;
• Calculating, by a vehicle module, at least one performance characteristic using the stored sensor data;
• Sending the sensor data by the vehicle module and receiving the performance characteristic on a mobile terminal;
• - Display of the performance index on the mobile device.

The method can be implemented by the arithmetic unit already described. There are similar advantages, as these device side have already been explained.

Also on the method side, the calculation of a performance characteristic may include calculating a range of the vehicle. This range can also take place taking into account a calculated average speed, a state of charge of a battery and / or a calculated average power consumption. The performance score may be determined on the side of the mobile terminal or within the vehicle module. In one embodiment, the vehicle module according to the invention calculates at least the average speed and the average power consumption.

• – unter Verwendung des Geschwindigkeitsverlaufs des Fahrzeugs – den Rollwiderstand und – den Strömungswiderstandskoeffizient zu berechnen und
• – auf Grundlage des berechneten Rollwiderstands und des Strömungswiderstandskoeffizienten den Gesamtfahrzeugwiderstand zu berechnen.

In one embodiment, the method includes storing a velocity profile of the vehicle, preferably over time. The calculation of at least one performance characteristic may include:

• - calculate the rolling resistance and - the drag coefficient using the vehicle speed curve; and
• Calculate the total vehicle resistance on the basis of the calculated rolling resistance and the drag coefficient.

The aforementioned object is further achieved by a computer-readable storage medium containing instructions which cause at least one processor to implement the already described method when the instructions are executed on the processor.

Also for the method, the advantages already mentioned arise.

The object mentioned above is further achieved by a vehicle module. Preferably, this vehicle module is in a vehicle, such as a vehicle, as already described was used. Further, the corresponding vehicle module may include some or all of the features described with respect to the vehicle module in the system.

• – eine Speichereinrichtung zum Speichern von Sensordaten;
• – eine innere Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, Sensordaten, insbesondere über einen BUS, zu empfangen und in der Speichereinrichtung zu speichern;
• – eine Recheneinheit, die dazu ausgebildet ist, unter Verwendung der gespeicherten Sensordaten mindestens einen Leistungskennwert des Fahrzeugs zu berechnen;
• – eine, insbesondere zur drahtlosen Kommunikation ausgebildete, äußere Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung;

wobei das Fahrzeug-Modul dazu ausgebildet ist, die gespeicherten Sensordaten und den Leistungskennwert unter Verwendung der äußeren Fahrzeug-Kommunikationseinrichtung an ein mobiles Endgerät zu kommunizieren.In one embodiment, the vehicle module includes the following features:

• A memory device for storing sensor data;
• An in-vehicle communication device configured to receive sensor data, in particular via a bus, and to store it in the memory device;
• A computing unit configured to calculate at least one performance characteristic of the vehicle using the stored sensor data;
• A vehicle external communication device, especially for wireless communication;

wherein the vehicle module is configured to communicate the stored sensor data and the performance score to a mobile terminal using the exterior vehicle communication device.

Also, the advantages already mentioned arise.

• • Universelles standardisiertes Modul für alle Hersteller von batteriegetrieben Fahrrädern, einsetzbar für alle E-Bike-Antriebssysteme zur Auswertung der CAN-Daten und der spezifischen im E-Bike verbauten Sensoren;
• • Verfeinerung der Datenqualität, insbesondere der Pedalsensorik durch Offseterfassung, insbesondere winkelabhängige Offsetkorrektur, und durch intelligente Auswertealgorithmen, z.B. durch Auswertung der gemessenen Fahrwiderstandgleichung und der Leistungsdaten oder der Winkelbeschleunigung und Pedaldrehzahl;
• • Mehr Freiheit und bessere Portabilität bei der Entwicklung von mobilen APPs für Fahrzeuge (z.B. genauere Fitnessberechnung, Effizienz des Fahrrades bzw. E-Bikes sowie wichtigste Parameter Rollwiderstandsbeiwert und Luftwiderstandsbeiwert cwA, Reichweitenvorhersage, Routenplanung)
• • Möglichkeit der statistischen Auswertung von Daten, die für Drittanbieter (Krankenversicherungen, Fitnessstudiobetreiber, Routenplaner, Fitnesssoftware, Entwickler von mobilen APPs) zur Verfügung gestellt werden und durch die Menge der Daten und verlässlichen Statistik einen hohen Wert haben.

Some of these benefits are summarized below:

• • Universal standardized module for all manufacturers of battery-powered bicycles, suitable for all e-bike drive systems for evaluating the CAN data and the specific sensors installed in the e-bike;
• Refinement of the data quality, in particular of the pedal sensors by offset detection, in particular angle-dependent offset correction, and by intelligent evaluation algorithms, eg by evaluation of the measured road resistance equation and the performance data or the angular acceleration and pedal speed;
• • More freedom and better portability in the development of mobile APPs for vehicles (eg more accurate fitness calculation, efficiency of the bicycle or e-bike and most important parameters rolling resistance coefficient and drag coefficient cwA, range prediction, route planning)
• • Possibility of statistical evaluation of data provided to third party providers (health insurers, fitness studio operators, route planners, fitness software, mobile app developers), which are highly valued by the amount of data and reliable statistics.

• • Vollständige Daten zur korrekten Auswertung der Fitnessergebnisse von mobilen APPs für den Fitnessbetrieb;
• • Verhinderung der Verfälschung von Daten durch Nutzung von E-Bikes durch unzureichende Datenerfassung;
• • Statistische Auswertung des Nutzerverhaltens und der Gesundheitsdaten von E-Bike-Fahrern, insbesondere Erfassung der Verbesserung des Gesundheitszustandes durch häufige Nutzung;
• • Nutzung der Informationen zur genauen Vorhersage der Reichweite bzw. Restreichweite einer Routenplanung bzw. Erarbeitung von Routenvorschlägen mit höherer Reichweite;
• • Nutzung der Daten zur Entwicklung eines nutzerspezifischen Lernalgorithmus auf Basis des genutzten E-Bike-Typs, des Fitnesszustandes des Betreibers;
• • Einbindung von Vorschlägen der Reichweitenerhöhung durch Anzeige von E-Bike-Lademöglichkeiten auf der Route, bzw. Vorschlag von Routen auf Basis der E-Bike-Lademöglichkeiten;
• • Auswertung der Effizienz unterschiedlicher E-Bikes im realen Fahrbetrieb (Effizienz des Antriebs bei unterschiedlichen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten und Steigungen, Rollwiderstandsbeiwert, Luftwiderstandsbeiwert) und Nutzung für Produktvergleiche und Feststellung von maßgeblichen Veränderungen, Effizienzparameter und Mitteilung an Benutzer (z.B. erhöhter Rollwiderstand durch niedrigen Luftdruck im Rad, Ermittlung optimaler Luftdruck für optimalen niedrigen Rollwiderstand).

The collected sensor data and / or performance characteristics obtained can be used very differently. Some examples are listed below:

• • Complete data for the correct evaluation of the fitness results of mobile APPs for fitness operation;
• • Preventing the falsification of data by using e-bikes due to inadequate data collection;
• • Statistical evaluation of user behavior and health data of e-bike drivers, in particular recording of improvement of health status through frequent use;
• • Use of the information for the exact prediction of the range or remaining range of a route planning or development of route suggestions with a longer range;
• • use of the data to develop a user-specific learning algorithm based on the type of e-bike used, the fitness status of the operator;
• • Incorporation of suggestions for increasing range by displaying e-bike charging options on the route, or suggesting routes based on e-bike charging options;
• • Evaluation of the efficiency of different e-bikes in real driving (efficiency of the drive at different vehicle speeds and gradients, rolling resistance coefficient, drag coefficient) and use for product comparisons and determination of significant changes, efficiency parameters and notification to users (eg increased rolling resistance due to low air pressure in the wheel, Determining optimum air pressure for optimum low rolling resistance).

The invention will be described by means of several embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to figures. Hereby show:

1 a battery-powered bicycle (e-bike) with a vehicle module according to the invention;

2 the communication between the vehicle module and a drive of the vehicle according to 1 and the integration of the vehicle module in a data network;

3 a schematic representation of the drive of the vehicle according to 1 ;

4 a schematic representation of individual components of the vehicle module according to 2 ;

5 the use of the data obtained by the vehicle module by a mobile terminal;

6 an exemplary map for speed-dependent resistance characteristic curve with different switching states and human power entries.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for identical and equivalent parts.

1 shows a bike 1 with an electric drive 60 , The bike 1 has wheels, especially a rear wheel 2 as well as a detachable on the bike 1 attached mobile device 10 , At the mobile terminal 10 For example, it could be a smartphone. The bike 1 is battery-powered and thus has a drive 60 ,

In one embodiment, as in 2 shown, engages a vehicle module 40 Sensor data from a vehicle bus 61 of the drive 60 from. According to the invention, the vehicle module 40 store and / or further process this sensor data for performance characteristics of the user and / or the bicycle 1 to win. These sensor data and / or performance characteristics may be communicated to the mobile terminal via a wireless communication link 10 be transmitted. The mobile device 10 can make a further evaluation of the sensor data and / or the performance characteristics. The mobile device 10 has an ad 16 to display some or all performance characteristics and / or sensor data.

In one embodiment, some or all of this data is sent to a server 100 transferred there to make a permanent storage and / or further evaluation. The data thus obtained can be used privately or commercially. To communicate with the server 100 For example, the mobile terminal may use a cellular network, such as a cellular network.

The mobile device 10 can be configured to sensor data from third-party devices, such as a pulse sensor 20 to recieve. The reception of these sensor data can also be wireless, for example via Bluetooth. In a preferred embodiment, the communication between the mobile terminal takes place 10 and the vehicle module 40 wireless via Bluetooth.

This includes the vehicle module 40 , as in 4 shown a bluetooth device 41 , For a wired communication with the drive 60 can, as well as in 4 shown a CAN bus interface 42 be provided.

3 schematically shows some essential components of the drive 60 as well as the obtained sensor data. The bike 1 has a schematically represented Tretwelle 65 with pedals that have a gearbox with translation eg via a gear pair, or a chain or a belt and two pinions with a gear shaft 66 connected is. The pinion and the belt form a first gear 67 that the rotary motion of the Tretwelle 65 translated into fast. One or two Tretwellen sensors 69 (preferably combined in an assembly) detect speeds N _TW and torque n _TW . Speed N _TW and torque n _TW are preferably contactless by evaluating the magnetic field of a magnetic portion of the Tretwelle 65 certainly. The Tretwelle 65 Can in the field of Tretwellensensoren 69 be magnetized. An electric motor 68 with control 62 is about a second gearbox 67 ' also with the gear shaft 66 connected. The transmission shaft 66 is about a third gear 67 '' with the rear wheel 2 connected. The speed of the wheel nRad is determined by a wheel speed sensor which is in communication with a controller 62 (= ECU).

The electric motor 68 is from a battery 63 fed. The control 62 detects battery current i _bat and their state of charge SOC. Appropriate sensor technology is provided by the controller 62 the engine speed n _M and the phase current i _{Ph of} the electric motor 68 detected.

In one embodiment, all of this sensor data is via a vehicle bus 61 communicated. At this vehicle bus 61 is, as already shown, the vehicle module 40 connected. Not shown is the possibility of analog sensor signals (in particular the speed sensor) directly to the vehicle module to connect. In this case, a conversion of analog signals into digital takes place in the vehicle module. Also can be dispensed with the connection of a bus signal. This is used in particular for a pedal pedal sensor signal (pedal torque, cadence) only to be refined (eg by offset correction or evaluation algorithms). This is sufficient for the fitness APP because human performance is sufficient for evaluation. The complexity and cost of the vehicle module can be reduced for the specific fitness application by eliminating the need for a CAN transceiver in the vehicle module.

This vehicle module 40 includes in addition to the Bluetooth device 41 and the CAN bus interface 42 an arithmetic unit 45 as well as a memory 44 , Furthermore, an analog-to-digital converter 43 be provided, which provides further sensor data. Corresponding sensor data, for example, an acceleration of the bike 1 specify.

• – Fahrzeugleistung (P_FZG) bei unterschiedlichen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten (v_FZG),
• – Effizienz des Antriebes bei unterschiedlichen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten (v_FZG) und Steigungen,
• – Rollwiderstandsbeiwert (f(Fahrwegtyp)),
• – Luftwiderstandsbeiwert cWA.

In one embodiment, the vehicle module 40 used to power parameters, such as a user (P _human ), the battery 32 (P _Bat ), the drive 60 (P _drive) to calculate and to the terminal 10 to convey. In one exemplary embodiment, a further evaluation takes place, for example taking into account the vehicle _speed (v _FZG ), so that further performance characteristics can be determined:

• Vehicle power (P _FZG ) at different vehicle _speeds (v _FZG ),
• - Efficiency of the drive at different vehicle _speeds (v _FZG ) and inclines,
• - rolling resistance coefficient (f (type of travel)),
• - drag coefficient cWA.

The server 100 can use a learning algorithm, by means of which the efficiency of the vehicle in real operation based on the data of the vehicle module 40 be determined. On the server 100 In addition, data from map material, eg Open Street Maps, are evaluated, by means of which in particular the type of travel route, but also the route height profile can be determined. These data are used to determine the rolling resistance coefficient (f (travel type)) and the drag coefficient cWA empirically. This determination can be made either by the server 100 or through the vehicle module 40 respectively.

In one embodiment, the vehicle module collects 40 in real driving data to determine the driving resistance. This data collection is preferably determined at an incline of approximately zero, eg when unrolling on the plane with the motor stopped and no human intervention on the pedal pedals. Preferably, the vehicle module receives 40 this sensor data from a gradient sensor, either directly to the analog-to-digital converter 43 or to the vehicle bus 61 is connected or detected by the mobile device and to the vehicle module 40 via the Bluetooth device 41 is transmitted.

The measurement can also be performed on gradients in one embodiment, if a gradient sensor is present. In the evaluation, a driving resistance equation is used, which is particularly easy to solve on a level road (ie slope = 0) and no acceleration by man or electric motor. Particularly preferably, the evaluation is carried out in a period in which no acceleration of the bicycle 1 he follows. Here is the road resistance equation

lösbar ist. Fahrzeuggewicht und Zuladung (d.h. Fahrergewicht) müssen vorgegeben oder ebenfalls empirisch bestimmt werden. Zur Lösung der Gleichung wird der Ist-Geschwindigkeitsverlauf v mit dem berechneten Geschwindigkeitsverlauf, z.B. numerisch gelöst, in dem cr und cw auf Basis der geringsten Abweichung des berechneten Geschwindigkeitsverlaufes vom Ist-Geschwindigkeitsverlauf ermittelt werden.Application using the well-known gelichungen

is solvable. Vehicle weight and payload (ie rider weight) must be specified or also determined empirically. To solve the equation, the actual speed curve v is solved numerically with the calculated speed curve, in which cr and cw are determined on the basis of the smallest deviation of the calculated speed curve from the actual speed curve.

Preferably, various tests are performed in different situations by the vehicle module 40 performed. A first test may first be performed on asphalt at different launch speeds up to a final speed, preferably not zero, but ending at about 5-10 km / h. After the asphalt test, the measurements on other floor coverings can be extended (eg gravel road, grass, forest road). In this test, road surface specific friction coefficients cr is determined and the cwA value from the asphalt measurement is used. This is advantageous because the measurement accuracy of the cW value is highest at higher speeds on asphalt and therefore can be determined most accurately there.

Vehicle module 40 Can determine with the existing sensors and by resorting to a position detection device when which test should be performed.

Building on the knowledge gained, the vehicle module can 40 determine the efficiency of the drive system as a function of the switching state of a switchable transmission.

When evaluating the efficiency, the results of the determined driving resistance performance of the vehicle P _FZG = f (v _FZG ) are used. The driving resistance performance is, as previously stated, preferably determined on a level road and at a constant speed, the input parameter of the mass (vehicle and driver) being used as the basis. Efficiency determination, the power draw of the battery P _bat = i _asked · U _bat used. The overall efficiency is thus the quotient between the drive power of the vehicle P _FZG and the battery power P _bat . This quotient depends on the switching state of the transmission SH ₁ or SH ₂ . In the evaluation, the human driving power P _human flows, so that a correction of the electric drive power can be made (see. 6 ).

In addition, it makes sense to record different switching states so that the efficiency is recorded for different translations. Since the efficiency is highly dependent on the switching state, in particular in continuously variable transmissions, and the electric motor is also different in efficiency at different speeds and torques, the integration of the switching state is of great importance for determining an exact real efficiency map. The switching state can be determined by calculation from the ratio of the vehicle speed and the engine speed when driven by the electric motor and / or from the ratio of the vehicle speed and the cadence when driven by humans in operation. This can be dispensed with a sensor with which the gear position is determined. This is particularly useful in continuously variable transmissions, since there can spread the spread spread due to manufacturing tolerances and a sensor is very complex. For this purpose, it must only be plausible whether the intervention by the human / motor is safe. This can be safely checked by a minimum torque threshold for the motor or pedal torque. This can ensure that an operating condition without resistance of the vehicle does not lead to a false statement.

This efficiency map may be used for training purposes (e.g., setting engine assistance at a desired speed for a desired horsepower) and accurately predicting range in accordance with the determined average human horsepower experienced to change in operation.

In addition, the data can be used for benchmarking various e-bikes and used by the manufacturer of e-bikes for optimization purposes. This data has a significant value because it can be used to optimize the battery size and thus the relevant cost driver of the vehicle and the weight of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, the vehicle module according to the invention 40 a torque or power calculation of the person through, in the running only the specification of the cadence is required. This method makes it possible to increase the accuracy and simplify the pedal sensor or only use the torque measurement on a pedal side.

The accuracy can be increased by filtering out disturbances from the sensor signal by filtering and a mean offset of the torque sensor is corrected by 360 ° or the angle-dependent offset is determined and corrected by means of a compensation curve of the offset angle. With this method, a very accurate torque sensor from an inaccurate measuring principle such as e.g. Use of a magnetized measuring wave can be effectively compensated.

Unless an angular position of the pedal is detected, a learning algorithm is required for the angular offset to be assigned to the correct position. For this, a step into the void without counter-torque (for example, drive only by the electric motor) or reverse rotation of the pedal is required. This can be learned in operation, e.g. in the case of journeys without participation or participation without counter-torque of the vehicle (for example by gently pedaling through 360 ° when the vehicle is rolling out). The compensation curve can be adjusted to the cadence.

To simplify the pedal sensor, the pedal force is calculated from the inertial mass of the vehicle Θ, the angular acceleration α '' and the square of the ratio i ² between the pedal and the drive wheel in a first method. It makes sense to use an observer (Kalman filter) to improve the measurement accuracy. This information can be essentially used to simplify the control in a pedal sensor with one-sided or no torque measurement. The information is used to regulate the engine assistance depending on the input force of the driver on the pedals or to refine a regulation. Thus, the pedal sensor can be made significantly cheaper.

In a second method, the human driving power P _{human is determined} from the vehicle speed v _FZG at a constant cadence, using the above-described and determined driving resistance characteristic in conjunction with the knowledge about the electric driving force P _Mot and the transmission efficiency η _G. The driving power of humans (without consideration of the efficiency) results from the subtraction of the vehicle power P _FZG and the motor drive power P _mot · η _G. The drive power must then be divided by the transmission efficiency η _G2 , so that the losses of driving pedals to the rear wheel are taken into account.

This method is possible by appropriate accurate measurement of the efficiencies of the drive, in particular the switching losses at different ratios and a precise method for calculating the electromotive drive power from the sensor data of the electric motor (phase current, engine speed). Since the motor torque M _mot can be determined precisely from the phase current i _phase and the torque constant k _t (M _mot = k _t * i _phase ), an exact measurement of the torque constant kt is useful since manufacturing tolerances lead to an inaccuracy of up to 10%. This can be measured during the production of the electric motors in a typical end-of-line test or an evaluation of the idle speed via Back EMF evaluation.

In one embodiment of the invention, the terminal performs 10 an adaptive fitness level calculation by means of the over the vehicle module 40 provided performance characteristics is possible. The data include current operating data of the user (cadence, torque, power) and also vehicle data (battery power, engine power, etc.). In addition, already recorded health data (age, weight, height, already recorded fitness data on mobile devices) as well as the current pulse rate are evaluated. By means of the data, a calculation of the fitness level can be carried out and on the mobile terminal 10 (see. 5 ) by means of a display 16 be visualized. On the server 100 the data can be saved and possibly also evaluated.

The data evaluation detects e.g. the time-varying fitness level, as well as data on calorie consumption, human performance, pulse rate and cadence. Here, average values as well as the temporal change (see Fitness level) can be indicated. The operator can then analyze his physical load well on different sections with different incline, route surface and speed. This evaluation is very well evaluated especially for operation without electric drive and strongly characterizes the load capacity of humans. This information can also be used well for the fitness level and health status.

• – eine GPS-Position des Fahrzeugs,
• – Fahrzeugdaten vom Fahrzeug-Modul 40 (menschliche Leitung bzw. Antriebsleistung P_Mensch und Batterieleistung P_Bat = i_Bat·U_Bat und Ladezustand SOC, Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit v_FZG),
• – wesentliche Fahrzeugdaten (Fahrradtyp, Radprofil, aerodynamischer Widerstand)
• – Oberflächenbeschaffenheit und das Streckenprofil (Höhenunterschiede) des benutzten Weges.

Furthermore, the information obtained can be used for adaptive route prediction. The route prediction may be from the terminal 10 be carried out, which receives a variety of information:

• A GPS position of the vehicle,
• - Vehicle data from the vehicle module 40 (human line or drive power P _human and battery power P _Bat = i _Bat · U _Bat and charge state SOC, vehicle _speed v _FZG ),
• - essential vehicle data (type of bike, wheel profile, aerodynamic resistance)
• - Surface texture and the route profile (height differences) of the path used.

With this data in the terminal 10 For example, a very accurate range prediction can be calculated on the mobile APP.

In addition to the exact range calculation can be done by the terminal 10 a route proposal is made, which takes into account the remaining range and possibly existing charging stations on the route. In particular, for longer tours in the mountains is an accurate range prediction of great importance, since an e-bike in operation, especially in large climbs to operate much heavier than a normal bike and therefore an accurate forecast of the range has a high importance.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 bicycle

2

 rear wheel

10

 terminal

14

 Application (App)

16

 display

20

 pulse sensor

40

 Vehicle module

41

 Bluetooth device

42

 CAN bus interface

43

 Analog to digital converter

44

 Storage

45

 computer unit

60

 drive

61

 vehicle bus

62

 Control (ECU)

63

 battery

64

 manual transmission

65

 Tretwelle (TW)

66

 gear shaft

67, 67 ', 67' '

 transmission

68

 electric motor

69

 Tretwellensensor

100

 server

Claims (15)

System for displaying at least one performance characteristic, comprising: - a vehicle ( 1 ), in particular a bicycle, comprising: - a plurality of vehicle components, eg an electric motor ( 68 ) or a Tretwellensensor ( 67 ), each of which is adapted to capture sensor data and this, for example via a bus ( 61 ); A vehicle module ( 40 ), Comprising: - a memory device ( 44 ) for storing sensor data; An inner module communication device ( 42 ), which is adapted to capture the sensor data of at least some of the plurality of vehicle components, in particular via the bus, and in the memory device ( 44 ) save; A computing unit ( 45 ) configured to use at least some of the stored sensor data ( 44 ) to calculate at least one performance characteristic of the vehicle; An external vehicle communication device, especially for wireless communication ( 41 ); characterized in that - the vehicle module ( 40 ) is adapted to at least the performance characteristic using the external vehicle communication device to a mobile terminal ( 10 ) transferred to. System according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the plurality of components are connected via a bus (s) (1). 61 ), in particular a CAN-BUS, with a controller ( 62 ), wherein the internal communication device ( 42 ) communicatively with the bus ( 61 ) connected is. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle ( 1 ) comprises a frame with a cavity and the vehicle module ( 40 ) is at least partially disposed in the cavity; and / or the vehicle module ( 40 ) is arranged in a watertight housing. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arithmetic unit ( 45 ) is designed to a) calculate average values from the stored sensor data and store them in the memory device ( 44 ) and / or b) store at least some of the sensor data over a given period of time in conjunction with time information. System according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 4, characterized in that the sensor data - a (current) provided via pedals driving power P _human , - a (current) speed v _FZG and / or - a (current) battery power P _bat or State of charge of the battery ( 63 ), and wherein the arithmetic unit ( 45 ) is adapted, on the basis of a calculated average speed, the battery power, the state of charge of the battery ( 63 ) and / or a calculated average propulsion power P _human a range of the vehicle ( 1 ) to investigate. System according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 5, characterized in that the sensor data comprise: - an engine speed and / or - a cadence with which the pedal is actuated, and / or - a vehicle speed, wherein the arithmetic unit ( 45 ) is adapted to calculate a switching state of a transmission on the basis of a) the vehicle speed and the engine speed, in particular a ratio of the vehicle speed to the engine speed, and / or b) the vehicle speed and the cadence, in particular a ratio of the vehicle speed to the cadence. System according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 4, characterized by: - a cadence sensor for detecting a cadence or a pedaling speed, are operated with pedals, - a pedaling torque sensor for detecting a pedaling torque, are operated with the pedals, wherein the arithmetic unit ( 45 ) is adapted to calculate based on the starting torque and the pedal torque, a performance characteristic, namely a human power, preferably by a signal filtering and an offset error correction, in particular angle-dependent offset correction, a torque curve is calculated. System according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the vehicle module ( 40 ) a position determining device for determining a position of the vehicle ( 1 ), wherein the vehicle computing unit ( 45 ) is designed to - determine a driving route based on a specific position of the vehicle and a target position; and - determining the range of the vehicle ( 1 ) using topographic information of the route. Method for calculating at least one performance characteristic of a vehicle, comprising the following steps: - acquiring sensor data by a plurality of components of the vehicle ( 1 ); Storing the sensor data in a memory device ( 44 ); Calculate, by a vehicle module ( 40 ), at least one performance characteristic using the stored sensor data; Sending the sensor data by the vehicle module ( 40 ) and receiving the performance index on a mobile terminal ( 10 ); - displaying the performance index on the mobile device ( 10 ). A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the sensor data A drive power P _human provided via pedals, a speed v _{FZG of} the vehicle ( 1 ) and / or a battery power P _bat or a state of charge of the battery ( 63 ), and wherein calculating at least one performance parameter comprises calculating a range of the vehicle ( 1 ) based on a calculated average speed, the battery power P _bat and / or the state of charge of the battery ( 63 ) and a calculated average power output. Method according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the method comprises storing a speed profile of the vehicle, and the calculation of the performance characteristic comprises: - using the speed profile of the vehicle - the rolling resistance and - to calculate the drag coefficient and - based on of the calculated rolling resistance and the drag coefficient to calculate the total vehicle resistance. Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, in particular according to claim 11, characterized in that for the efficiency calculation of the vehicle, the sensor data are stored in real operation, in particular the battery power Pbat, the vehicle speed vFZG, total vehicle resistance and / or a calculated switching state, preferably additionally Data stored will indicate the condition of a traveled surface and / or a grade. A computer-readable storage medium containing instructions that cause at least one processor to implement a method as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12 when the instructions are executed by the processor. Vehicle module for use in a vehicle ( 1 ), in particular in a system according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: - a memory device ( 44 ) for storing sensor data; An in-vehicle communication device ( 42 ), which is adapted to receive sensor data, in particular via a bus, and in the memory device ( 44 ) save; A computing unit ( 45 ), which is designed to use the stored sensor data at least one performance characteristic of the vehicle ( 1 ) to calculate; An external vehicle communication device, especially for wireless communication ( 41 ); characterized in that the vehicle module ( 40 ) is configured to store the stored sensor data and the performance characteristic using the exterior vehicle communication device ( 41 ) to a mobile terminal ( 10 ) to communicate. Vehicle module according to claim 14, characterized in that the vehicle module ( 40 ) comprises an analog-to-digital converter for determining sensor data.

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