DE102009048821A1 - Method for determining range of vehicle, particularly electric vehicle, involves considering parameter during determination of range, which is obtained from information relating to scheduled or actually traveled driving route - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves considering a parameter (P1-P11,P50,P60) during the determination of the range (R), which is obtained from the information relating to scheduled or actually traveled driving route from a navigation system. Another parameter is considered during the determination of the range, which is obtained from the information relating to a traffic volume in the current environment of the vehicle from a communication device. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating a vehicle.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for determining the range of a vehicle having an energy store for driving power supply, taking into account at least one parameter that is characteristic of a state variable of the energy store (eg state of charge of an electric traction battery). Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of such a range determination in an operating method for a vehicle.

As used herein, the term "range" is to be understood broadly and shall refer to any quantitative indication or information about a distance that can (still) be traveled without interruption by the vehicle. In this sense, the range z. B. directly indicate this distance (eg, measured in km) or represent. Alternatively, the range z. B. represent a percentage of the remaining available portion of a certain maximum range.

It is clear that in practice an exact determination of the range is usually not possible. In this respect, the term "determination of the range" as used herein means a more or less accurate estimate of the range.

A generic method for determining the range is realized, for example, in conventional motor vehicles, which are driven by an internal combustion engine (eg gasoline engine), by measuring the amount of fuel currently present in a fuel tank (eg gasoline tank). The fuel tank and the amount of fuel therein constitute the "energy storage" or the "state variable of the energy storage" in the sense of the present invention.

The known method for range determination taking into account a state variable of the energy storage works very well, d. H. with relatively high accuracy in vehicles equipped with energy storage which can be refilled by "refueling" in the broadest sense with a given energy supply and consuming continuously from this energy (by supplying a drive means) while traveling, the energy consumption being at least approximately proportional to the amount of energy consumed Route is.

However, the known method is inaccurate if there is no simple relationship between energy consumption from the energy store and traveled distance in a vehicle. This problem may arise, for example, but by no means exclusively, in electric vehicles. In addition, this problem can z. B. in so-called hybrid vehicles, whose energy storage consists of a fuel tank and an electric battery, and whose drive means comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric drive, said drive means (or a special brake system) for regenerative recovery (recuperation) of energy in the electrical energy storage when braking (deceleration) of the vehicle is formed. Often, then, there is a complex relationship between the amount of energy removed from the energy store, the amount of energy added to the energy store by other energy-generating devices (eg recuperation, solar energy) and the distance covered.

It is an object of the present invention to improve a method for range detection of the type mentioned in terms of accuracy and / or to increase the scope of such a method.

This object is achieved according to the invention essentially in that at least one further parameter is taken into account when determining the range.

Particularly suitable range-relevant parameters are explained below.

By taking into account one or more additional parameters, preferably within the scope of a computer-aided (software-based) range determination, the accuracy of the determination can advantageously be increased and the scope extended to vehicle types in which the consideration of only one parameter characteristic of a state variable of the energy store is unsatisfactory Results provided.

In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle is a land vehicle, in particular a road vehicle z. B. for transporting people and / or loads.

The range determination according to the invention can be used in conventional motor vehicles which have a fuel tank for driving power supply and an internal combustion engine for vehicle drive. Also for a hybrid vehicle of the type already mentioned above, as well as a "pure" electric vehicle whose drive device comprises only one or more electric drives, the invention can be advantageously used.

In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle is an electric vehicle.

In an electric vehicle, the relationship between the range and the supply of its electrical consumers is particularly noticeable. Both the energy required for driving the vehicle and that required for the electrical consumers is drawn from the energy store of the vehicle, typically an electrochemical energy store such as a battery. Energy required for the electrical consumers, eg. B. for lighting, steering, air conditioning, etc., is no longer available for the drive of the electric vehicle and reduces its range. This effect can be considered within the scope of the invention in the range determination.

Even with electric vehicles, the range depends primarily on the currently stored in the energy storage energy. This is considered according to the invention by at least one parameter which is characteristic of a state variable of the energy store. In an electric vehicle with an electric battery for traction power supply (traction battery) is a suitable size in particular the actually removable electrical energy, often estimated by the so-called "SOC" (= state of charge, state of charge), the so-called "SOH" (= State of health, degree of aging) and the so-called "SOF" (= state of function, performance) of the battery.

The SOC indicates the currently available electrical charge of the battery and is thus a measure of the energy stored therein.

The SOH takes account of the fact that the capacity of the battery gradually decreases over time, which limits the maximum removable (and storable) electrical charge. This is usually accompanied by an increase in the internal resistance, which limits the maximum power that can be removed and leads to electrical losses when the power is removed.

The SOF is a quantity that characterizes the current ability to provide vehicle functionality.

For the measurement or determination of these state variables of an electric battery can advantageously be used in known per se methods from the prior art, so that they do not require any further explanation here.

In the range determination according to the invention, preferably at least one (more preferably several) of the following additional parameters are taken into account:

"Navigation Parameters":

A parameter obtained from information relating to a planned and / or current driving route from a navigation system.

The navigation system may in particular be a satellite-based system (eg GPS, GALILEO, etc.). The information provided with it may, for. B. include local (along the route resolved) data on the height (eg., Based on the sea level), route features such. As a quantitative road classification, a legal maximum speed and / or a typical driving speed, and the existence of charging stations that are suitable for the vehicle in question for charging the energy storage. A recoverable from the height data parameter is z. B. an existing along the route height difference, which affects the range due to a corresponding Hubenergiebedarfes or Hubenergiegewinnes. Also, a parameter that is characteristic of a degree of height variations along the route can be taken into account in the range determination. A parameter obtained from the road classification can advantageously include a "driving-typical" drive energy overhead or effort in the range determination (eg due to different rolling resistance for different Fahrwegbeschaffenheiten). Similarly, a top speed and / or typical speed may be due to the speed-dependent air resistance represent a valuable quantity for obtaining a corresponding parameter. The existence of charging stations on the travel route within a currently determined range is of importance insofar as it can be accomplished with the inclusion of refueling or loading operations range determination.

"Transport Parameters":

A parameter obtained from information relating to a traffic volume in the current environment of the vehicle from a communication device.

The communication device can, for. B. for communication via a mobile network or the like, be designed to provide an Internet access. Advantageously, recourse may be had to communication technologies known per se (compare, for example, the "Car2X" project, which deals with communication between a motor vehicle and the environment). The information can z. B. via a known communication path (eg., "Traffic Message Channel" TMC), the current traffic reports provides are transmitted to the vehicle. The transmitted messages may include current traffic data and / or predicted traffic data. The information thus provided for the method according to the invention (preferably in relation to the driving route) may be e.g. B. expected driving speeds and / or required route changes. Both can be taken into account to obtain a range-relevant parameter.

"Weather parameters":

A parameter obtained from information concerning the weather in the current environment of the vehicle from a communication device.

In the communication device, it may be z. B. to act the same communication device, which is used to provide data for obtaining the traffic parameter and / or for obtaining another of the following still described parameters, which is based on information transmitted to the vehicle. The information provided thereby may include current weather data and / or forecast weather data. Current weather data is particularly relevant to the immediate environment of the vehicle, whereas forecast data is preferably related to the driving route so that a parameter concerning the current and / or future weather is obtained "from the vehicle's view". Heavy precipitation (rain, snow) influences z. B. the expected driving speed and optionally the rolling resistance (in a road vehicle). Sunlight plays z. B. then a significant role when the vehicle has a solar energy recovery device (eg., Solar cell array), by means of which solar energy can be obtained and used to fill the energy storage and / or drive power supply. Information about solar radiation and / or temperature (which can also be provided at least for the immediate surroundings of the vehicle by an on-board sensor device) can also be used to obtain a parameter that is characteristic of the anticipated air conditioning energy requirement. For this purpose, a classification can first be made according to whether or not there is a need for vehicle interior air conditioning, for example by assessing whether the effect resulting from solar radiation and temperature (without air conditioning) leads one to expect a relatively extreme vehicle interior temperature (too cold or too warm) or not. On the basis of this assessment, a corresponding air conditioning energy requirement (for heating or cooling the vehicle interior) can be determined and taken into account in the range determination as corresponding energy consumption, which is no longer available for the drive energy supply. The information about solar radiation in the broadest sense, including the day / night difference or rhythm (daylight / darkness), also has a special meaning beyond. Namely, in the presence of darkness beyond a predetermined extent, a lighting energy demand can be used to obtain a corresponding parameter to be taken into account. In this aspect, alternatively or additionally, the time information (date and / or time) provided by a clock can represent information that can be used to obtain a range-relevant parameter.

"Environmental parameters":

A parameter obtained from information regarding conditions in the current environment of the vehicle from a sensor device.

The sensor device can, for. B. an on-board precipitation sensor (eg rain sensor), a temperature sensor and / or a light sensor. With regard to the acquisition of a range-relevant parameter from such information, reference should be made to the above statements regarding the "weather parameter". The main difference lies in the way in which such information is provided (in the case of the weather parameter from a communication device and in the case of the environmental parameter from a sensor device).

"Drive parameters":

A parameter obtained from information relating to a state variable of a drive device of the vehicle from the drive direction or from a sensor device (assigned to the drive device).

As state variables of the drive device come in a rotary drive z. B. a rotational speed (eg., Speed), the torque and the rotational power into consideration. Alternatively or additionally, further actual operating variables from a drive control device and / or sensors that detect at the drive device can be used to obtain a range-relevant parameter.

"Braking parameters":

A parameter obtained from information relating to a state quantity of a brake system of the vehicle from the brake system or from a sensor device

In a vehicle without regenerative energy recovery during braking, the energy provided by the braking process is usually uselessly converted into waste heat while reducing the kinetic energy of the vehicle. In this case, the information about the reduction of the kinetic energy can be used to obtain a parameter to be considered. On the other hand, in a vehicle equipped with regenerative energy recovery when braking, the kinetic energy loss is compensated to some extent by the recovered energy. However, the usable portion of the recovered energy depends in particular on the currently available charging capacity of the energy storage device and the maximum generator power of the electric drive device / unit (and possibly also on the currently existing energy requirement of electrical consumers of the vehicle). Taking into account such information, a parameter to be taken into account in determining the range can thus be obtained, which is characteristic of energy which can be profitably recovered during braking.

"Chassis parameters":

A parameter obtained from information regarding a vehicle state from a vehicle state memory and / or a sensor device.

The sensor device used for this purpose can be used in a road vehicle z. B. part of a so-called vehicle dynamics control or a so-called suspension control, as well as for conventional motor vehicles z. As an electronic stability program (ESP), as a "chassis controller" or the like are known. The information used to obtain the parameter to be taken into account can, for. B. include the current vehicle weight and / or the current driving speed. In particular, the vehicle weight (depending on the load) influenced in many cases significantly the drive energy consumption and thus the range. The current vehicle weight (including loading) can be calculated and used, for example, in superimposed chassis controllers with state estimation algorithm (eg in "chassis controllers"). The current vehicle weight determined in this or another manner can then be used advantageously within the scope of the invention to form a range-relevant chassis parameter. Alternatively, or in addition to a sensor device that is part of a suspension control or vehicle dynamics control or is connected to such a device, the provision of such information regarding the vehicle condition by a vehicle state memory comes into consideration, in which z. B. the information about the vehicle weight is stored, or is updated from time to time.

"Drive setting parameters":

A parameter obtained from information regarding drive profile setting from a profile storage device (eg, in an "on-board computer").

This parameter can be taken into account for vehicles which permit different drive profile settings (eg sport mode, comfort mode, economic mode, etc.) to be evaluated with regard to the drive energy consumption. When determining range, the typical difference in consumption can then be taken into account.

"Energy recovery parameters":

A parameter obtained from information regarding a current power generation performance of the vehicle from an energy recovery device.

As an energy recovery device z. B. a device for regenerative energy recovery during braking into consideration, as has already been explained above. In addition, it may in particular z. B. to a solar energy recovery device (eg., Solar cell arrangement), by means of which, depending on the environmental conditions more or less energy recovered and used for storage in the energy storage and / or to power the drive device and / or other energy consumers of the vehicle. To form the parameter, in a device for obtaining electrical energy z. B. the currently generated voltage and / or the current generated be used. If a navigation system and a communication device for receiving weather forecast data are present, it is possible to take into account for the future (along a driving route) predicted solar irradiation data during the formation of the parameter in order to be able to estimate the energy production more accurately.

"Tire parameters":

A parameter obtained from information relating to a tire and / or a tire condition of the vehicle from a tire storage device and / or a sensor device.

In the case of tired road vehicles, the rolling resistance and thus the driving energy consumption and thus the range depends on the type (eg summer tires / winter tires) and the condition of these tires. This information can z. B. from an electronic storage device and / or a sensor provided therefor. In particular, information about the tire condition of air-filled tires may include the tire air pressure. This can z. B. from an often provided anyway tire air pressure monitoring system. Too low a tire inflation pressure affects z. B. negative on the range.

"Driving style parameters":

A parameter obtained from information concerning a driving style of a driver from an operation control device of the vehicle.

Through this parameter, the influences of the personal driving style on the range can be considered. A more aggressive driving style has a negative effect on the range, whereas a more conservative driving style reduces the drive energy consumption and thus leads to a greater range. The information required to obtain the parameter can be z. Example, be provided from an operation control device of the vehicle, which converts driver input data into control outputs for controlling vehicle components (including the drive means). On the basis of such information can z. For example, by means of a suitable algorithm, a driver classification regarding the current driving style can be undertaken in order to take account of a parameter determining the result of this classification in the range determination.

The information provided to obtain the above parameters can be divided into two categories, namely

"Actual information":

Information indicating an actual state, that is, in particular, state quantities of vehicle components, current vehicle operating parameters, and current vehicle environment conditions.

"Perspective Information":

Information describing future events and conditions (ie, in particular, any "actual information forecast for the future").

Actual information is, for example (always present) the driving speed, the altitude (above sea level), the traffic volume, the solar radiation (intensity), the outside temperature, voltages and currents in an electrical system, the drive power, any acceleration or deceleration, the vehicle weight, the driving profile setting, the power harvesting power and the tire air pressure, as far as this information is available for the vehicle in question.

When taking into account parameters derived from actual information, this actual information is preferably projected into the future according to a predetermined algorithm or predetermined rules in order to be able to more accurately take into account their effects on the range, so to speak "extrapolated" in real time , Such a projection can z. B. be updated continuously or from time to time based on the current actual information.

Look-ahead information is for. B. the currently traversed (stored in the navigation system) driving route in conjunction with the information at what time the individual points on the route are likely to be reached, the forecast traffic volume (in particular expressed as traffic in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle in the course of a zurückzulegenden driving route) , the sunshine forecast, the outside temperature forecast, etc. (each preferably linked to driving route information).

In the case of the range determination carried out preferably in a computer-assisted manner according to an algorithm, it is possible to take into account parameters which represent a quantitative measure of such actual information and / or such preview information. Such parameters can be linked together in the context of the processing of the algorithm for forming further parameters, which z. B. represent quantitative measures for the influence of the information or quantities in question on the drive energy consumption and thus are directly useful for quantifying the range.

The term "parameter" is to be understood here very broadly and can in particular also consist of a multiplicity of values (eg weather parameters, consisting of values for solar irradiation intensity, temperature, amount of precipitation, etc.).

In general, the more range-relevant information is available and used, the more accurate the range finding will be. This also depends on the specific vehicle type. In the method according to the invention, at least one look-ahead information and at least one parameter derived therefrom are preferably taken into account.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the algorithm used includes a mathematical model for simulating the vehicle movement. This simulation can be carried out on the basis of the information provided by vehicle components (in particular sensors) and information communicated to the vehicle, preferably together with data stored in an electronic storage device (eg vehicle data such as vehicle type, vehicle weight and rolling resistance, etc.). With such a simulation of the vehicle movement, the range can be determined in a very simple manner, namely as the distance covered in the simulation in which no energy required for driving the vehicle is available any more. The simulation result (and the range determined therefrom) can be continuously updated, for example by repeating the simulation from time to time (eg periodically).

The invention enables a scalable in its complexity method for determining range by means of functional integration of different components and systems in the fields of powertrain, energy management, navigation system and sensors. Reach detection can combine historical, learned knowledge (eg with driver classification) with current vehicle and environmental information (eg speed and ambient temperature) with preview information (eg data from the navigation system, forecast via weather).

According to developments of the invention, a range determination of the type described above is used in a method for operating a vehicle or for configuring an operating control device of a vehicle.

The invention will be further described by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show:

1 a system context diagram for illustrating the usability of a variety of information for a range determination in an electric vehicle,

2 a schematic representation of the scalability of the system complexity of the range determination, and

3 a schematic representation for illustrating the use of a range determination according to 1 by an operation control device of an electric vehicle.

1 FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram for illustrating the consideration of various parameters P1 to P11, P50 and P60 in a method of determining the range R of an electric vehicle. The method is in a computing device 100 (eg microcontroller) by means of software running on it. The computing device is z. B. part of an operating control device of the vehicle.

To determine the range R, the parameters P1 to P11, P50 and P60 (and / or other parameters) of the computing device 100 supplied in which controlled by the software according to a calculation algorithm, the range R (as accurate as possible estimated value) is determined and output as a digital data value. Continuously or from time to time, eg. If, for example, significant changes occur in the database, an update takes place (redetermination of the range R). Whether significant changes in the database have occurred, z. By continuously monitoring parameter values and / or underlying basic information, and assessing any changes based on predetermined criteria.

The output of the range R can z. B. to a display device for informing the driver about the expected still be covered with the vehicle path.

As it is in 1 is symbolized, the range-relevant parameters P1 to P11, P50 and P60 of different vehicle components 1 to 11 . 50 and 60 delivered (or formed on the basis of information provided as respective data values of these components 1 to 11 . 50 and 60 z. Provided via a communication bus).

In the 1 drawn component 50 symbolizes the so-called traction battery of the vehicle, including the associated battery management system, which controls and monitors the electrical charging and discharging during operation of the vehicle. The traction battery is the main energy source for supplying an electric drive device with the energy required in each case. The traction battery (eg lithium-polymer batteries) typically has a rated voltage of several 100 V, z. B. about 400 V.

The parameter P50 is characteristic of a state quantity of the component 50 In particular, the state represented by the parameter P50 may include information about the state of charge (SOC), the degree of aging (SOH) and the efficiency (SOF) of the traction battery.

In a "pure electric vehicle", which consumes substantially only energy from the traction battery during operation, this energy consumption is essentially due to the drive of the vehicle, the SOC is usually the most relevant information for determining the range R dar Increase the accuracy of determination in such a vehicle, or to make a meaningful range determination in other types of vehicles with significantly poorer defined relationship between stored energy and range R in the first place are in the in 1 represented system still considered the multitude of other parameters P1 to P11 and P60 in the range determination.

The component 60 symbolizes a vehicle electrical system battery for the electrical supply of a large number of secondary electrical consumers (eg drive operation control, air conditioning, lighting, etc.). Such a battery typically has a nominal voltage of about 12V in road vehicles.

The battery or the electrical system supplied therewith has a DC / DC converter device 70 in conjunction with the traction battery 50 to enable a demand-based energy transfer between the two batteries.

The battery 60 is equipped with a battery sensor that provides information about battery voltage, battery current, SOC and SOH. In the field of DC / DC converter device 70 In addition, information about current electrical operating data (voltage, current) is provided. From this, the parameter P60 is obtained, on the basis of which the computing device 100 appropriate data on the condition of the battery 60 and Z. B. a possible electrical power supply of the high-voltage electrical system (traction battery 50 ) to the low-voltage electrical system (battery 60 ).

The parameter P60 can thus also contain information about the current utilization of the electrical system. Together with actual information and / or preview information, which may also be contained in other parameters, new information or parameters regarding the electrical demand of the consumers can be derived in the future (examples: illumination requirement depending on time of day and solar radiation , Air conditioning needs depending on solar radiation and temperature in the course of the route). It is also possible to derive suitable statements for the electrical requirements in the future from records of past load profiles. In combination with a so-called intelligent battery sensor, if present, and the DC / DC converter device 70 As part of the range determination model calculations for the power requirements of the electrical components can be secured by measurable signals (voltage, current). The thus predictable vehicle network utilization has an immediate effect on the range R of the vehicle.

The rest in 1 drawn components 1 to 11 and associated parameters P1 to P11 advantageously allow increased accuracy of the range determination. Details are given in the following table: Component: Type of component: Provided information (s): Parameter: 1 navigation system Height, speed, route etc. P1 2 Communication device with TMC receiver Current traffic reports P2 3 Communication device with internet access Weather forecast, z. B. to sunlight etc. P3 4 environmental sensors Outside temperature, light intensity etc. P4 5 Electric drive device Drive power (eg speed and torque) P5 6 Electronic brake system Vehicle speed, vehicle deceleration P6 7 Chassis controller with vehicle condition observer Subject weight including loading etc. P7 8th Driver-vehicle user interface Driving profile setting (eg sport, comfort, economical) P8 9 Electric energy producers (eg solar panels) Power generation power (eg voltage, current) P9 10 Tire pressure monitoring system Tire pressure P10 11 Driver classification system driving style P11

With regard to the possibilities of using these additional parameters P1 to P11 (and / or other parameters), reference is made to the explanations already given generally above.

Advantageously, an increase in the accuracy of the calculation results for the range R.

2 illustrates the ease of scalability of system complexity. With the exception of the use of information from the electrical energy storage system (in particular, for example, traction battery SOC), those of all other components (eg, components 1 to 11 ) provided information optional. In 2 are three degrees of complexity or

variants 100-1 . 100-2 and 100-3 a computing device or the process realized therewith, which differ in a complexity K from each other.

In the basic variant 100-1 results in a comparatively low accuracy G. Already by adding the component 1 and the parameter P1 in the variant 100-2 the accuracy is increased. More specifically, the method works according to 100-3 with additional consideration of further parameters. By including information from other components, on the one hand, the complexity K of the algorithm increases, but on the other hand, the accuracy G of the range calculation can be decisively increased. Overall, the invention thus offers a method which is characterized by high scalability and can each be optimally adapted to the available equipment of the vehicle in question.

3 illustrates a use of the determined range R in a method for operating a vehicle, comprising a conversion of driver operating inputs E1, E2, E3 ... in control outputs A1, A2, A3 ... for controlling vehicle components (including the drive means).

In this implementation, in the illustrated embodiment by a dedicated operation control device 200 is implemented, the range R can be considered as a parameter influencing the manner of implementation.

For example, with only a small range R (eg not reaching to a loading station lying on the travel route), a compulsory reduction of the maximum drive power and / or maximum speed by the operation control device 200 be provided. Alternatively or additionally, other energy-saving measures may be effected (eg forcible deactivation of certain electrical consumers).

• – Ein intelligentes Antriebsstrangmanagement eines Elektrofahrzeuges (Fahrzeugregler) kann die berechnete Reichweite als Basis für seine Betriebsstrategie verwenden und z. B. bei geringer Reichweite Degradationsmaßnahmen (z. B. Reduzierung der Antriebsleistung oder Höchstgeschwindigkeit) einleiten. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann dem Fahrer eine Warnmeldung ausgegeben werden.
• – Das elektrische Energiemanagement eines Elektrofahrzeuges kann die Reichweiteninformation für eine intelligente Steuerung der elektrischen Verbraucher verwenden (z. B. Abschaltung oder Betriebsmodifikation von Verbrauchern bei zu geringer Reichweite).
• – Kombiniert mit dem elektrischen Energiemanagement und dem intelligenten Antriebsstrangmanagement ermöglicht das Verfahren der Reichweitenermittlung den besonders energieeffizienten Betrieb eines Elektrofahrzeuges (Aspekt Energieeffizienz).
• – In Kombination mit einem Navigationssystem können dem Fahrer eines Elektrofahrzeuges alle Service- und Aufladestationen, die er im Umfeld seiner geplanten Fahrroute noch erreichen kann, angezeigt werden (Aspekt Sicherheit und Service).
• – Bei Unterbrechung oder Beendigung einer Fahrt (”post-trip”) liefert das Verfahren eine ungefähre Reichweitenvorhersage für Anschlussfahrten in Abhängigkeit vom aktuellen Ladezustand des Energiespeichersystems und dem ladbarem Solarstrom durch Unterstützung bei der Auswahl des Parkplatzes. Diese Vorhersage basiert auf den Randbedingungen der unterbrochenen oder gerade beendeten Fahrt (Aspekt Energieeffizienz).
• – Hochgenaues, gegebenenfalls in Echtzeit arbeitendes Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Reichweite, insbesondere zum Einsatz bei rein batteriegetriebenen Elektrofahrzeugen, oder zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Reichweite von so genannten ”Range Extender”-Fahrzeugen (z. B. Elektrofahrzeugen mit Verbrennungsmotoren zur Reichweitenverlängerung).

The invention provides a significant gain in safety, especially in electric vehicles, since unexpected stagnation due to dead batteries can be avoided. Further achievable with the invention advantages are z. B .:

• - An intelligent powertrain management of an electric vehicle (vehicle controller) can use the calculated range as the basis for its operating strategy and z. For example, initiate degradation measures (eg reducing drive power or maximum speed) in the case of a short range. Alternatively or additionally, a warning message can be output to the driver.
• The electric energy management of an electric vehicle can use the range information for an intelligent control of the electrical consumers (eg switching off or operating modification of consumers if the range is too short).
• - Combined with the electric energy management and the intelligent powertrain management, the range determination method enables the particularly energy-efficient operation of an electric vehicle (energy efficiency aspect).
• - In combination with a navigation system, the driver of an electric vehicle can be shown all the service and charging stations that he can still reach in the vicinity of his planned route (safety and service aspect).
• - In the event of interruption or termination of a journey ("post-trip"), the method provides an approximate range prediction for connecting journeys depending on the current state of charge of the energy storage system and the chargeable solar power by assisting in the selection of the parking space. This forecast is based on the boundary conditions of the interrupted or just finished journey (aspect energy efficiency).
• - High-precision, possibly real-time method for determining the range, in particular for use in purely battery-powered electric vehicles, or for determining the electrical range of so-called "range extender" vehicles (eg., Electric vehicles with internal combustion engines for range extension).

Claims (14)

Method for determining the range (R) of an energy store ( 50 ) to the drive power supply vehicle taking into account at least one parameter (P50) which is characteristic of a state variable of the energy store ( 50 ), characterized in that at least one further parameter (P60, P1-P11) is taken into account in the determination. The method of claim 1, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P1) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a planned and / or current driving route from a navigation system ("navigation parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P2) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a traffic volume in the current environment of the vehicle from a communication device ("traffic parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P3) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to the weather in the current environment of the vehicle from a communication device ("weather parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P4) is taken into account, which is obtained from information concerning conditions in the current environment of the vehicle from a sensor device ("environmental parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P5) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a state variable of a drive device of the vehicle from the drive direction or from a sensor device ("drive parameter") , Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P6) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a state variable of a brake system of the vehicle from the brake system or from a sensor device ("brake parameter") , Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P7) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a vehicle state from a vehicle state memory and / or a sensor device ("chassis parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P8) is taken into account, which is obtained from information concerning a drive profile setting from a profile storage device ("drive setting parameter"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P9) is taken into account, which is obtained from information regarding a current energy production performance of the vehicle from an energy recovery device ("energy recovery parameter"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P10) is taken into account, which is obtained from information relating to a tire and / or a tire condition of the vehicle from a tire storage device and / or a sensor device ( "tire parameters"). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in determining the range (R) further at least one parameter (P11) is taken into account, which is obtained from information regarding the driving style of a driver from an operating control device of the vehicle ("driving style parameter"). Method for operating an energy store ( 50 ) to the drive power supply having vehicle, comprising a conversion of driver operation inputs (E1, E2, E3 ...) in control outputs (A1, A2, A3 ...) for controlling vehicle components, characterized in that in the implementation of one of claims 1 to 12 determined range (R) is taken into account. Vehicle comprising an operation control device ( 200 ) for converting driver operating inputs (E1, E2, E3 ...) into control outputs (A1, A2, A3 ...) for controlling vehicle components, characterized in that the operating control device ( 200 ) is designed to take into account in the implementation of a determined according to one of claims 1 to 12 range (R).

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