DE102016006099A1 - Portable sensor module for a portable training monitoring system and portable training monitoring system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable sensor module (100) for a portable training monitoring system and to a portable system (200) and training monitoring method (300). The portable sensor module (100) comprises a number of sensors (110) necessary at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee (T), a power supply (120), a communication unit (130) and a housing (140). The power supply (120) includes a local power generation system (121). The portable training monitoring system (200) comprises a plurality of sensors (210) necessary at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a person exercising (T), wherein a respective number of sensors (210) are applied to at least two body parts or also to a sports device (SG). of the exerciser (T) is attachable. The system (200) comprises at least one computing unit (220) communicatively connected to the sensors (210), wherein the arithmetic unit (220) is designed to correlate the actual measured values of the sensors (210) to an actual movement pattern and the actual Movement pattern of the exerciser (T) with a target movement pattern to compare. The system (200) comprises at least one output unit (230) communicatively connected to the arithmetic unit (220). The arithmetic unit (220) has at least one data interface (221) which is designed to read in at least body characteristics and sport of the exerciser (T) and to retrieve matching desired movement patterns from a database. In addition, the output unit (230) of the system for outputting an optical and / or acoustic signal is designed in real time for deviations between the actual movement pattern and the target movement pattern.

Description

The invention relates to a portable sensor module for a portable system for training monitoring. The invention further relates to a portable training monitoring system. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for training monitoring.

About 19 million Germans regularly run. Of these, 73% are self-organized sports, d. H. As a rule, they do not train in a club, a running group or under the guidance of a trainer. 17% of male athletes run with the aim of participating in competitions and thus also complete corresponding performance-oriented training scopes. For 72% of the runners, however, the aspect of health and fitness is in the foreground.

Especially in endurance runners high levels of training and sports-specific stress on the musculoskeletal system lead to injuries that often manifest chronically. In the literature various injuries are described, such. Patellofemoral ligament syndrome ("front knee pain"), ilio-tibial band syndrome ("Runner's Knee") or mediotibial stress syndrome ("tibial nerve syndrome"). It was possible to identify relationships between biomechanical parameters and the occurrence of walking injuries.

The kinematic chain of leg movement while running has the consequence that movements of the different joints are coupled together. Thus, by detecting certain parameters (eg internal tibial rotation), statements about further joint movements can be made (eg pronation / eversion of the foot) without directly detecting them.

Under professional guidance unfavorable positions of the musculoskeletal system can be detected and corrected. As described above, however, 73% of athletes practice running without a trainer, with the result that long-term stress exposures result in a high risk of injury. An important problem of sports movement analysis is the difficulty to derive from exercise or individual movement data a guide for the athlete to improve the performance and protection of the joints. In most cases the athlete can analyze his movement based on the measured values and draw possible conclusions. Again, the success of the measures can only be verified in further later analyzes. An automatic continuous evaluation during the measurement would allow a direct feedback and thus a much faster and safer success to improve the movement behavior.

From the film and games industry technical systems are known with which the movement of a person can be detected. However, these systems are usually not fully portable, so athletes can not analyze their normal movement, for example over a longer distance in real time. In addition, these systems give the athlete no correction suggestions for his movement like a coach and are prohibitively expensive for recreational athletes.

The US-American publication US 2010/0173276 A1 discloses a training method which consists in digitizing a movement as it is being learned and comparing it with the digital pattern of a reference movement, whereby the trainee receives direct tactile feedback to correct his movement if he deviates from the reference movement. The method may be designed so that the reference motion is performed by an expert or is generated by computer simulation. In addition, a device for implementing the described training method is disclosed. The publication US 2010/0173276 A1 discloses an exclusively tactile feedback to the trainee. It has the disadvantages of having to mount a plurality of tactile feedback actuators on all relevant parts of the body and still giving the exerciser only instructions limited to immediate directional corrections of the body parts and no correction instructions for the overall motion sequence. In addition, the publication looks US 2010/0173276 A1 There is no possibility of receiving referential movements other than by trainers or trainers or by computer simulation. This results in the disadvantage that the trainee is dependent on a trainer or an unspecified computer simulation system at least at the beginning of his training and can not perform his training completely independently.

The US-American publication US 8,165,844 B2 describes a method of tracking motion of a segmented object, wherein a plurality of sensor modules are mounted on multiple segments of the object and collect 3D position data and 3D alignment data, from which 3D position and 3D orientation of each segment taking into account constraints on the connection of the Segments are calculated. The method can be designed so that additional auxiliary sensors are included in the calculation. Furthermore, a System and a sensor module for carrying out the method disclosed. The publication US 8,165,844 B2 There is no indication that the overall system is designed to be portable and does not hinder an athlete's movement. In addition, no comparison of a movement with a reference movement is disclosed, with the help of which an athlete could correct his own movement.

The European publication EP 1 970 005 B1 describes a system and method for tracking movement via a calibration unit. This document differs from the document US 8,165,844 B2 essentially only by introducing a calibration unit for the calculation of calibration values to determine at least common proportions of the object parts and at least alignment parameters of the alignment measuring units. The aforementioned limitations and disadvantages therefore also apply to the document EP 1 970 005 B1 ,

The publication US 2013/0002682 A1 describes an electronic device for transmitting human motion to a digital model displayed as an animated image. Furthermore, an automatic comparison of the animated image with animated standard images and an indication of corrections for deviations are provided. Disadvantageous to the device US 2013/0002682 A1 is that only gyroscopes are provided for motion detection, so that the results can be falsified, for example, by sensor drift. Furthermore, no real-time evaluation is mentioned, and the generated motion pictures are compared only with standard pictures that do not take into account a person's individual movement restrictions.

The publication EP 0 793 445 B1 discloses a method and apparatus for the simultaneous evaluation of ambulatory-registered motion signals of various body parts of a subject that have been previously recorded with acceleration sensors attached to all the monitored body parts. A disadvantage of this method for training monitoring is that only the amount of movement is analyzed, whereas the form of movements essential for the detection of possible incorrect loads is not detected.

From the illustrated prior art, the object is to provide a sensor module with which the characteristic movement pattern of a trainee in normal training can be recorded in real time. This object is achieved by a sensor module according to claim 1.

Another object is to provide a system for monitoring training, with which deviations of a trainee from his target movement pattern can be detected during normal training and the trainees in real time can be taught. This object is achieved by a training monitoring system according to claim 10.

In addition, the task arises to provide a method for training monitoring, with a trainee, especially a recreational athlete, independently monitor his movement in normal training and can correct to prevent incorrect workload and resulting injuries or chronic discomfort. This object is achieved by a method for training monitoring according to claim 16. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

Training within the meaning of the invention comprises exercising and executing any physical movement sequences by a trainee, for example in competitive sports or recreational sports, or also in the context of physiotherapy or rehabilitation. A trainer within the meaning of the invention may be a human or even an animal, for example a dressage horse, jumping horse, racehorse, racing camel or racing dog.

A portable sensor module for a portable training monitoring system according to the invention comprises a number of sensors necessary for detecting movement of body parts of a trainee, a power supply, at least one communication unit for communicating with the training monitoring system and a housing for receiving the sensors, the power supply and the at least one communication unit.

A sensor may be a motion sensor such as an acceleration sensor or a yaw rate sensor. Which sensors and measured values are required depends on both the movement and the sport to be monitored, as well as on the part of the body to which the sensor module is to be attached. from. For example, the legs of a cyclist move through the fixation on the bike in one plane, so that their movement can be monitored with 2D motion sensors. In contrast, a dancer's leg movements are anatomically limited, requiring 3D motion sensors to monitor them.

The power supply may be, for example, a battery or a rechargeable battery with a charging option. The housing may for example be designed as a molded part, whereby the sensor module with arbitrary shape and optionally elastic materials in a cost effective manner, in particular tight, can be enclosed.

The sensor module can be attached to a body part of the exerciser via Velcro straps or integrated in the clothing, for example, and is so small and light and / or designed in an ergonomic form that it does not hinder the trainee in his movement. A sensor module in the format of a wristwatch, that is, with a thickness of a few millimeters, a footprint of a few square centimeters and a mass of about one hundred grams, would for example not be obstructive in most cases. In the case of a flexible sensor module, this would also apply to larger base areas. The specific embodiment depends on the body part carrying the sensor module and the sport being practiced.

The power supply of the sensor module comprises a system for local energy production, for example a photovoltaic module. A system for local energy production has the advantage that no external connection to the power supply or replaceable energy storage is necessary. Both are weaknesses for the mechanical stability and tightness of the housing and limitations in the design of the sensor modules, which are avoided by the local energy production. In addition, the user does not have to worry about the state of charge of an energy storage device or regularly recharge or replace the energy storage device or incur obstructions due to energy supply lines.

At least one sensor of a sensor module may be a microprocessor, which is designed to calculate derived measurements from the sensor readings, for example for data filtering and / or elimination of artifacts from relative movements between a body part or sports equipment of the exerciser and the sensor module mounted thereon, and / or Data storage, for example, a non-volatile data storage, in particular a flash memory include.

The advantage of the microprocessor is that filtering can reduce the amount of data and improve its quality. As a result, smaller amounts of data must be stored and / or transmitted, so that the data memory and the communication unit can be dimensioned smaller and thus smaller, lighter and cheaper. In addition, less energy is needed for storage and transmission, which also makes the power supply smaller, lighter, and less expensive, and makes it easier to ensure power supply through local power generation alone.

The data memory makes it possible to collect measured data or derived measured values and transmit them packet by packet to the training monitoring system. In this way, for example, transmission errors can be avoided by repeatedly transmitting and comparing the same data in the case of connection problems. A flash memory is a particularly energy-efficient and cost-effective embodiment of such a non-volatile data memory.

At least one sensor of a sensor module can be a motion sensor, for example an acceleration sensor and / or rotation rate sensor, in particular a gyroscope, and furthermore at least one sensor can be an auxiliary sensor, in particular a receiver for satellite-based position determination, magnetic field sensor, pressure sensor, force sensor, moisture sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate monitor and / or altimeter. The orientation and position of a body part can be determined, for example, by the temporal integration of the rate of rotation and twice the temporal integration of the acceleration of a sensor module fixed to the body part. The necessary boundary conditions can be determined from anatomical or sport-related restrictions of the movement sequence or from the measured values of auxiliary sensors such as magnetic field sensors for orientation determination in geomagnetic field or pressure sensors for controlling a contact, for example between runners foot and ground and regularly checked. Other auxiliary sensors can record useful metadata about the training history for the training analysis. Thus, for example, the height profile of the training track can be determined with a heart rate monitor of the course of exercise of the exerciser or with an altimeter.

The system for local energy production of a sensor module can be designed, for example, for converting mechanical energy, thermal energy, the effect of magnetic induction and / or electromagnetic radiation into electrical energy. Mechanical energy can be used for example by piezo elements, electromagnetic radiation by photovoltaic cells. In order to compensate for imbalances between energy production and energy consumption, the energy supply can contain an energy store, for example an accumulator and / or a capacitor.

The power supply of a sensor module may be a control element for the movement-dependent automatic switching on and / or off, for activating and / or deactivating a power saving mode and / or for automatically adjusting the sampling rate and / or the transmission rate of the sensor module and / or include a manual on / off switch. These embodiments have the advantage that they can increase the energy efficiency of the sensor module, so that the power supply can be small, lightweight and inexpensive dimensioned. With regard to the sampling rate, for example, a high sampling rate for one-off movements is necessary, whereas the sampling rate for cyclic movements can be reduced.

The communication unit of a sensor module can be designed for wireless communication standards, for example Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy and / or WLAN. It may further comprise an antenna. The sensor module may advantageously comprise means for shielding the antenna and sensors from each other. The shielding means may for example be a metal foil between the antenna and sensors. The advantage of wireless communication is the avoidance of complex and error-prone wiring between the sensor module and the training monitoring system, which could also restrict the exerciser's freedom of movement. By using known communication standards, inexpensive and well-characterized standard components can be used to implement the communication unit. The means for shielding may prevent interfering interference between antenna and sensors and resulting errors in data acquisition and / or measurement transmission.

The housing of a sensor module can be splash-proof, waterproof, washable and / or machine-washable. This ensures on the one hand that the sensor module is not damaged in outdoor or water sports by contact with water and / or other liquids. Washability also makes it possible to integrate sensor modules into garments that can be washed together with the sensor modules.

The housing of a sensor module can comprise at least one connection designed for data communication and / or for supplying the power supply, for example a USB connection, in particular a micro USB connection.

The housing of the sensor module may include a mounting system for attaching the sensor module to a body part and / or sports equipment of the exerciser. Preferably, the fastening system is designed in the form of at least one suction connection, adhesive connection, a rubber band, Velcro tape, Neoprene band, Ösensystems and / or push button system. Such a fastening system has the advantage that relative movements between a body part or sports equipment of the exerciser and the sensor module attached thereto and resulting artefacts in the measured values are avoided, which simplifies the evaluation of the measured values. The sensor module could also be integrated in the clothing of the exerciser, for example by sewing, by a push button system, by a Velcro connection and / or in pockets. A push-button system should have at least two juxtaposed ports on the sensor module against rotation. A push-button system could also be a releasable connection to an external power supply in addition to an attachment.

The housing of the sensor module can have at least one display unit, in particular an LED display, which is designed to display the operating state of the sensor module. Such a display has the advantage that the exerciser can recognize at a glance possible malfunction of the sensor module.

In addition, the housing can be designed as a molded part and / or at least partially flexible. The design as a molded part allows a simple and inexpensive encapsulation of the sensor module. An at least partially flexible housing has the advantage that it is less prone to breakage and less hindering the movement of the trainee as a rigid housing.

The sensor module can be constructed in particular fully integrated. Fully integrated in the sense of the invention means that all electronic components are firmly installed on a circuit board. Alternatively, the sensor module is also constructed so that individual components are modular, in particular releasably connected to each other. The fully integrated structure has the advantage of a very high reproducibility and miniaturization during production. The modular design, on the other hand, has the advantage that, depending on the type of sport and the body part, precisely the necessary components can be installed in a sensor module in a simple manner. In this way, from a limited number of standardized and thus inexpensive components for each application, the optimal sensor module can be constructed.

A portable monitoring system according to the invention comprises at least a plurality of sensors necessary at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee, wherein a number of sensors can be attached to at least two body parts or to at least two body parts and at least one sports device of a trainee. The system includes at least one communicatively with the sensors connected computing unit, wherein the arithmetic unit is adapted to correlate the actual measured values of the sensors to an actual movement pattern and to compare the actual movement pattern of the trainee with a target movement pattern. The system comprises at least one output unit communicatively connected to the arithmetic unit.

The arithmetic unit has at least one data interface which is designed to read in at least body characteristics and sport of the exerciser and to retrieve suitable target movement patterns from a database into the memory of the arithmetic unit. In addition, the output unit of the system for outputting an at least optical and / or acoustic signal is designed in real time for deviations between actual movement pattern and target movement pattern to the trainees for correcting his movement. The advantage of the data interface is that it allows the trainee to independently obtain a target movement pattern suitable for the trainee and his sport without a trainer. The advantage of an output unit according to the invention is that the trainee receives comprehensive information in real time, that is to say in a shorter time than a typical movement cycle, in order to correct his movement sequence.

At least one sensor of the system may be a motion sensor, in particular an acceleration sensor and / or yaw rate sensor, for example a gyroscope, and in particular at least one sensor may be an auxiliary sensor, for example a satellite-based position sensor, magnetic field sensor, pressure sensor, force sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate monitor and / or altimeter. The orientation and position of a body part can be determined, for example, by the temporal integration of the rate of rotation and twice the temporal integration of the acceleration on the body part of fixed sensors. The necessary boundary conditions can be determined from anatomical or sport-related restrictions of the movement sequence or from the measured values of auxiliary sensors such as magnetic field sensors for orientation determination in geomagnetic field or pressure sensors for controlling a contact, for example between runners foot and ground and regularly checked. Other auxiliary sensors can record useful metadata about the training history for the training analysis. Thus, for example, the height profile of the training track can be determined with a heart rate monitor of the course of exercise of the exerciser or with an altimeter.

At least one sensor of the system may include a microprocessor configured to calculate derived measurements from the sensor readings, for example, for data filtering and / or elimination of artifacts from relative movement between a body part or sports equipment of the exerciser and the sensor module mounted thereon Data storage, for example, a non-volatile data storage, in particular a flash memory include.

The advantage of the microprocessor is that filtering can reduce the amount of data and improve its quality. As a result, smaller amounts of data must be stored and / or transmitted, so that the data memory and the communicative connection to the arithmetic unit can be dimensioned smaller and thus smaller, lighter and less expensive. In addition, less energy is needed for storage and transmission, so that the power supply is smaller, lighter and cheaper. The data memory makes it possible to collect measured values or derived measured values and transmit them packet by packet to the arithmetic unit. In this way, for example, transmission errors can be avoided by repeatedly transmitting and comparing the same data in the case of connection problems. A flash memory is a particularly energy-efficient and cost-effective embodiment of such a non-volatile data memory.

At least one sensor of the system can be wirelessly communicatively connected to the computing unit, the connection corresponding, for example, to known communication standards, in particular Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy and / or WLAN. The use of wireless communication avoids complex and error-prone wiring between the sensor and the computing unit, which could also restrict the freedom of movement of the exerciser. By using known communication standards, inexpensive and well-characterized standard components can be used to implement the connection.

At least one sensor of the system may comprise a power supply, in particular a control element designed for movement-dependent automatic switching on and / or off, for activating and / or deactivating a power-saving mode and / or for automatically adapting the sampling rate and / or the transmission rate of the sensor may include a manual on / off switch. These embodiments have the advantage that they can increase the energy efficiency of the sensor, so that its power supply can be small, lightweight and inexpensive dimensions. With regard to the sampling rate, for example, a high sampling rate for one-off movements is necessary, whereas the sampling rate for cyclic movements can be reduced. In addition, the power supply may comprise an energy store, for example an accumulator and / or capacitor.

At least one sensor of the system can be designed in the form of a sensor module according to the invention, whereby the advantages mentioned in the description of the sensor module are realized.

The system may comprise a synchronization module, in particular a radio synchronization module, designed to synchronize the sensors and the processing unit to a deviation of less than 10 ms. The integration of such a synchronization module has the advantage that the measured values of several sensors can be combined into a single movement pattern without artifacts due to time shifts.

The computing unit and / or the output unit of the system can be contained in at least one portable computing device, for example a smartphone, a tablet, an activity tracker, a sports watch and / or a smartwatch. This embodiment provides by the use of standard equipment, especially if the trainee anyway has these devices, for a significant cost reduction in the manufacture and / or purchase of the system. In addition, the sensors present in the computer device, for example receivers for satellite-based position determination and / or position sensors, could thus be integrated into the system for monitoring training.

The system may be communicatively connected to a web application or desktop application, such as through the internet connection of a smartphone. In this embodiment, the system configuration, the loading of measurement data, motion patterns and / or metadata and / or evaluations can be carried out in a more comfortable manner than on a portable device. In addition, results of the evaluations and / or training suggestions can be presented more comprehensively.

Several sensors of the system may be connected to a common power supply, a common microprocessor, a common data memory and / or a common communication unit for communication with the computing unit and / or a synchronization module. In this case, the communication unit can support wireless communication, in particular known communication standards, for example Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy and / or WLAN. The fact that several sensors use a common power supply, a common microprocessor, a common data memory and / or a common communication unit, on the one hand saves costs in the production of the system and on the other hand, the power consumption during operation can be reduced.

• • Erfassen von Ist-Messwerten durch eine Mehrzahl von zumindest zur Detektion einer Bewegung von Körperteilen eines Trainierenden notwendigen Bewegungssensoren und/oder Hilfssensoren, wobei je eine Anzahl von Bewegungssensoren und/oder Hilfssensoren an mindestens zwei Körperteilen oder an mindestens zwei Körperteilen und mindestens einem Sportgerät eines Trainierenden angebracht ist,
• • Übermitteln der Ist-Messwerte und/oder aus den Ist-Messwerten abgeleiteter Messwerte von den Sensoren an eine tragbare Recheneinheit,
• • Ermitteln eines Ist-Bewegungsmusters des Trainierenden aus den Ist-Messwerten und/oder den abgeleiteten Messwerten durch die Recheneinheit,
• • Abrufen aus einer Datenbank und/oder Eingabe eines Soll-Bewegungsmusters durch die Recheneinheit,
• • Vergleich von Soll-Bewegungsmuster und Ist-Bewegungsmuster durch die Recheneinheit und
• • Ausgabe eines zumindest optischen und/oder akustischen Korrektursignals bei einer Abweichung zwischen Soll-Bewegungsmuster und Ist-Bewegungsmuster in Echtzeit durch die Recheneinheit über eine mit der Recheneinheit kommunikativ verbundenen tragbaren Ausgabeeinheit an den Trainierenden zur Korrektur seines Bewegungsablaufs.

A training monitoring method according to the invention comprises the following steps:

• • Detecting actual measured values by a plurality of at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee necessary motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors, wherein each a number of motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors on at least two body parts or at least two body parts and at least one sports device Appropriate for exercisers,
• Transmitting the actual measured values and / or measured values derived from the actual measured values from the sensors to a portable computing unit,
• Determining an actual movement pattern of the trainee from the actual measured values and / or the derived measured values by the arithmetic unit,
• Retrieving from a database and / or inputting a desired movement pattern by the arithmetic unit,
• Comparison of target movement pattern and actual movement pattern by the arithmetic unit and
• • Output of an at least optical and / or acoustic correction signal in case of a deviation between target movement pattern and actual movement pattern in real time by the arithmetic unit via a communicatively connected to the computing unit portable output unit to the trainees to correct his movement.

The advantage of retrieving a target movement pattern from a database is that it allows the trainee to independently obtain a target movement pattern suitable for the trainee and his sport without a trainer. The advantage of an output of a correction signal according to the invention lies in the fact that the trainee receives comprehensive information in real time, that is to say in a shorter time than a typical movement cycle, in order to correct his movement sequence.

In addition to the movements of body parts of the exerciser, movement of sports equipment of the exerciser can also be incorporated into the determination of an actual movement pattern. In many sports, the correct movement of sports equipment, such as a kite, paraglider, high jump bar, tennis racket or golf club; of skis, ski poles, paddles, skulls or belts, essential for sporting success. Therefore, it is advantageous if together with the Body movement of the exerciser and the movement of his sports equipment is detected.

By way of example, the method can be configured such that the minimum number of sensors necessary for determining a characteristic actual movement pattern is used. The selection and positioning of the sensors can take place by utilizing symmetry properties of the body, anatomical boundary conditions and / or sport-related boundary conditions of the movement sequence. In a runner, for example, sensors could be attached to only one arm and one leg and to the trunk and / or pelvis, and the movement of the respective other arm and leg could be developed for reasons of symmetry. This refinement has the advantage that the use of the smallest possible number of sensors minimizes the costs of the method and the amount of measured values to be transmitted and processed. Fewer readings, in turn, require less transmission power, processing power, and energy to implement the method.

The amount of data to be transferred and processed can also be reduced by measuring sensors mounted on different parts of the body at different sampling rates. By measuring at a high sampling rate at locations of high dynamics, for example at the foot of a runner, than at locations of lesser dynamics, for example on the body of a runner, a movement pattern that is as comprehensive as possible can be determined with the smallest possible data volume.

At least one motion sensor and / or auxiliary sensor can determine measured values derived from the actual measured values by data filtering, in particular methods of PID control, sensor fusion using Kalman filtering, Madgwick filtering, fuzzy logic and / or self-learning algorithms, for example neural networks, be used. The use of derived measurements has the advantage of reducing the amount of data to be transmitted and treated so that transmission and further treatment can be more energy efficient and / or faster. Furthermore, the quality of the measured values can be improved by filtering artifacts from relative movements between a body part or sports equipment and the sensor attached thereto.

The motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors and the arithmetic unit can be synchronized to a deviation of less than 10 ms. The advantage of synchronizing is that the readings of multiple sensors can be combined into a single motion pattern without the need for time-shifting artifacts.

For the method, a training monitoring system according to the invention can be used, whereby the advantages mentioned in its description become possible.

For determining the actual movement pattern, the arithmetic unit may also include actual measured values and / or derived measured values of auxiliary sensors, symmetry properties of the body of the exercising person, anatomical boundary conditions and / or sport-related boundary conditions of the movement sequence in addition to the actual measured values and / or derived measured values of the motion sensors. The anatomical boundary conditions can be stored in the form of a biomechanical model of humans.

The orientation and position of a body part can be determined, for example, by the temporal integration of the rate of rotation and twice the temporal integration of the acceleration of a sensor fixed to the body part. The necessary boundary conditions can be determined from anatomical or sport-related restrictions of the movement sequence or from the measured values of auxiliary sensors such as magnetic field sensors for orientation determination in geomagnetic field or pressure sensors for controlling a contact, for example between runners foot and ground and regularly checked. This embodiment makes it possible to determine a characteristic movement pattern with a minimum number of motion sensors and thus to keep the costs of the method low. At the same time, the measured values of the motion sensors can be checked and corrected using the additional data.

The determination of a characteristic movement pattern consists of angle measurement and determination of posture. The purpose of the angle measurement is to determine the three-dimensional angles of body segments continuously with respect to the solder. On the other hand, an important measurement parameter is the angle information between the body segments. The angle data provides information about the posture and is an integral part of the sports movement analysis.

In the detection of movement patterns, conclusions about the movement behavior are made from specific patterns in the sensor data. It is important that the algorithms are developed in such a way that adaptation or extension to the special circumstances of the test series is relatively easy. This can be achieved by recognizing the movement behavior to be detected in a separate text file via a Scripting language can be defined with simple syntax. The movement behavior is described by a combination of previously determined basic characteristics. The goal is the detection of special, especially adverse effects of force on the joints; cyclic motion patterns; Deformations in terms of joint angles, which adversely affect the movement, and / or asymmetries, which can be understood as indications of possible orthopedic problems.

By means of angle data and movement behavior, a sports movement analysis should be carried out. The temporal course of the collected data serves as the basis for an assessment of the movements carried out. The characteristic movement phases can only be recorded for individual body segments or for the entire body, depending on the number and location of the sensor.

The arithmetic unit can record the actual movement pattern and / or together with the actual movement pattern via the auxiliary sensors training-relevant metadata, such as pulse and / or sweat production of the exerciser and / or a height profile of the training track record. The advantage of the recording is that the training process can be analyzed afterwards and, for example, several training sessions can be compared with each other. Additional metadata further enhances the informative value of the records.

The trainer or a trainer can enter the target movement pattern by executing reference movements in the arithmetic unit. The advantage of this embodiment is that the trainee with a trainer can create a target or target movement, which he saves after successful completion. Thus, the individuality of the movement is satisfied. A healthy and effective exercise can be different in different people. Similarly, athletes with injuries or handicaps may possibly only be led to a suboptimal pattern of movement, which, in their view, nevertheless represents the maximum healthy and effective pattern.

The trainee can enter his physical characteristics, sport and / or training preferences via an input device communicatively connected to the arithmetic unit to the arithmetic unit, so that the arithmetic unit retrieves a target movement pattern suitable for the input from a database, for example an online database. In addition, the database may be continually supplemented by body features, sports and / or exercise preferences associated with actual movement patterns and / or metadata of exercisers. Such a database connection allows the trainee to independently find the optimal individualized target movement pattern for his training. By defining suitable selection tables, for example body measurements, age, gender, weight, training parameters such as speed and / or slope, and / or kinematic parameters, database usage can be optimized. The basis of the database can be, for example, specific body measurements from textbooks and / or standard tables. The optimization for a more social and timely database can be done using the entered user data.

The arithmetic unit can retrieve appropriate training suggestions from a database, in particular an online database, for target movement patterns and associated actual movement patterns and in particular metadata in real time and / or after training, and display this to the exerciser via the output unit. The advantage of this embodiment is that the trainer receives important information even without a trainer, as his further training can be designed so that he gradually comes closer to his optimal movement.

The motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors can be calibrated statically, for example by zero point correction, determination of the start orientation and / or query of the local declination and geomagnetic field strength at a declination server. The motion sensors can be calibrated dynamically, for example by rotation about an isolated axis and / or rotation in 90 ° steps and / or a cube movement and / or a temperature gradient correction. The relative position of the motion sensors can be calibrated in the form of an anatomical calibration, for example by performing a defined movement of the exerciser and / or measuring the body of the exerciser. For calibrating the relative positions, for example, a jumping jack movement for automatically determining the sensor position within a body segment by utilizing the angular momentum conservation and / or trigonometry, the measurement of the body by attaching sensors to the outermost articulation points of the system, the measurement of the sensor Position within a defined interval based on the body measurements, the establishment of angular momentum tables independent of the mass of the corresponding body segment, the measurement of the body via photogrammetry and / or the Received Signal Strength Indicator and / or the determination of the sensor position Conclusions from the calculation of the radian measure or distance traveled in the implementation of various oscillations, for example, arms and / or legs conceivable. The calibration of the sensors and / or the system increases the Accuracy of the sensor measured values and thus improves the validity of the resulting determined actual movement pattern and possible deviations from the target movement pattern.

The arithmetic unit can transmit target movement patterns and actual movement patterns to the display unit in real time or after training for the purpose of graphic representation, the representation taking place, for example, in the form of a superimposed pattern of the body of the trainee for target movement patterns and actual movement patterns. In this case, deviations between the desired movement pattern and the actual movement pattern can be highlighted, for example, in color, in particular in the form of a traffic light system. The advantage of this embodiment is that the trainee receives an easy-to-capture feedback on his entire actual movement pattern and its deviations from the target movement pattern.

The invention includes, among other things, an automated body-worn measurement system and its use for analysis of body movement during, for example, running. The system is capable of mobile detection of the body posture and over a longer period of time. As a result, a significant improvement in the movement of the trainee is made possible with regard to the medical boundary conditions specified for him.

An entry-level set of 3 to 5 sensors can analyze the movement of individual parts of the body such as the arm, leg and shoulder-back. The exerciser can then focus on these areas during training. A whole body analysis is also possible with a corresponding number of sensors. The data can be recorded, for example, using a smartphone or separately available data logger. In addition, important information can be given to the trainee in real time.

In addition to the already mentioned running sports, the invention can be applied to additional sports. Other possible areas of application include swimming, cycling, walking and inline skating; in athletics sprint, cross country, long jump, high jump, high bar jump, hurdles, javelin, hammer throw, discus throw and shot put; speed skating, figure skating, slalom, parallel slalom, downhill skiing, cross-country skiing, ski jumping and biathlon; in aviation paragliding and hang gliding; basketball, volleyball, handball, tennis, badminton, hockey and golf; in martial arts karate, taekwondo and judo; Rowing, canoeing and kayaking in water sports; In the animal sport dressage, show jumping, horse racing, camel racing and dog racing as well as other Olympic sports such as floor gymnastics, gymnastics, weightlifting and fencing.

Also in the therapeutic and rehabilitation area, for example after the setting of hip or knee joint prostheses, the invention can bring great benefits. In this area, the recording of the movement and a timely feedback to the trainees or patients of immense importance for the recovery process, for example by the risk of injury in sensitive and / or previously injured trainees without continuous care by a therapist or coach is lowered. In particular, the symmetrical execution of movements can be monitored in order to prevent imbalances.

In the context of rehabilitation, for example, in semi-sided paralysis, for example, after a stroke, often the problem arises that patients in everyday life, as opposed to therapy sessions predominantly use their non-paralyzed body side, causing injuries by overexertion on the healthy and a further weakening on the paralyzed body side may occur. In contrast, the invention can be used to continuously compare the partial movement patterns of the right and left body halves. By alerting the patient or exerciser in case of deviations in real time, it is possible, in particular in everyday life, to achieve as even as possible a load on both sides of the body.

Exemplary embodiments will be explained with reference to the figures. Features that are presented in the context of an example can also be combined differently according to the invention.

Show it:

1 a schematic embodiment of a portable sensor module according to the invention for a portable system for training monitoring;

2 a schematic embodiment of a portable system according to the invention for training monitoring;

3 a further schematic embodiment of a portable system according to the invention for training monitoring

4 a further schematic embodiment of a portable training system according to the invention

5 a schematic embodiment of the communicative connections of the sensors of a portable system according to the invention for training monitoring and

6 a schematic embodiment of the method according to the invention for training monitoring.

1 schematically shows an exemplary inventive portable sensor module 100 with two sensors 110 of which a sensor 110 a microprocessor 111 and a data store 112 for example, in the form of a flash memory. Furthermore contains the sensor module 100 a communication unit 130 for wireless communication with a training monitoring system. To the communication unit is an antenna 131 connected, for example, by a metal foil as a means of shielding 132 from the sensors 110 is disconnected. It also contains the sensor module 100 an energy supply 120 , for example, from a photovoltaic cell as a system for local energy production 121 , an energy storage 124 for example in the form of a rechargeable battery, a manual on / off switch 123 and a rule element 122 for automatically switching on the sensor module when moving and switching off at rest. The sensor module 100 is from a housing 140 enclosed, which has a micro-USB port 141 and a fastening system 142 For example, in the form of two snaps, which can be fixed on a suitable counter-plate, for example, on a garment of the exerciser has. It is also located on the housing 140 a traffic light-like arrangement of three LED, the trainees as an exemplary display unit 143 Information about the operating status of the sensor module 100 can give. For the sake of clarity, the connections of the components of the sensor module to each other for communication and power supply are not shown.

2 schematically shows a portable monitoring system according to the invention 200 , The illustrated exemplary embodiment comprises five sensor modules 100 of which one each is attached to the thigh and lower leg of a leg, to the opposite upper and lower arm and to the torso of a trainee T. By this arrangement, for example, the characteristic movement pattern of a runner can be completely detected with the aid of a biomechanical model of the human body. The sensor modules 100 for example, communicate wirelessly with a portable computing device 250 for example in the form of a smartphone, which is the arithmetic unit 220 and the output unit 230 united.

3 schematically shows another inventive portable system for training monitoring 200 , In the example shown is a sensor module 100 fixed to a sports equipment SG, such as a tennis racket. In each case a further sensor module is attached to the upper and lower arm, with which a trainee T holds the sports equipment SG, as well as in the upper and lower torso area of the exercising T. By this distribution of the sensor modules, for example, the flapping motion of a tennis player, which also includes a torsion of the trunk in addition to an arm movement, can be completely detected together with the movement of the racket. The sensor modules 100 for example, communicate wirelessly with a portable computing device 250 that is the arithmetic unit 220 and the output unit 230 united. The computer device 250 may advantageously be attached in the form of a smartwatch to the arm which does not hold sports equipment of the exerciser T. As a result, the exerciser T can monitor his training in real time and at the same time keeps his second hand free, for example, to pick up a ball.

4 schematically shows another inventive portable system for training monitoring 200 , In the example shown, the exerciser T is not a human but a quadruped, for example a horse. In equitation, the movement pattern of a horse can be monitored, for example, to recognize the correct execution of dressage poses or the lame of a leg early. For this purpose, as in the example shown, in each case a sensor module 100 on the upper and lower leg of the front legs; on lower leg and foot of hind legs; be attached to the head, neck and trunk. The sensor module 100 on the hull, for example, be fixed to the saddle or girth, the other sensor modules 100 for example, on Velcro strips. The sensor modules 100 communicate wirelessly with a portable computing device 250 that is the arithmetic unit 220 and the output unit 230 united. The computer device 250 For example, it can be in the form of a laptop on the edge of the training area, allowing a trainer to monitor the movement of the quadruped in real time. Particularly advantageous for equestrian sport is the attachment of a sensor module 100 on the horse's head, as the orientation of the horse's head defines the direction of vision and movement. In show jumping, for example, head alignment is important in estimating whether the horse is aiming for an obstacle properly and / or whether the rider gives the horse enough reins, ie clearance. In dressage, for example, the posture and orientation of the head is crucial to ensuring that the horse walks the reins, thus maintaining proper head posture and associated spinal curvature, providing the rider with optimal control of the horse and / or the dressage requirements. Dodges the actual viewing direction of one of the task of the horse corresponding target viewing direction of the horse, so this is in particular an indication of an improvement Beritt or dressage of the horse. In particular, a sensor module 100 in a bridle (not shown) of the horse or in a preferably detachable attachment to be arranged. It is also conceivable, the line of sight even more precise, because regardless of the orientation of the head, to capture by the viewing direction of the horse's eyes, for example, optically determined and then evaluated computer-assisted in metadata.

5 shows possible communicative connections of the sensors 210 the trabgaren training monitoring system 200 , The sensors 210 can be directly or through a common communication unit 130 with the arithmetic unit 220 and the synchronization module 240 be connected.

6 shows an exemplary schematic embodiment of the method according to the invention for training monitoring 300 which includes the following steps. First, the detection takes place 310 of actual measured values by a plurality of sensors necessary at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee 210 , Then the determination takes place 311 derived measured values from the actual measured values by the sensors 210 , The advantage of this is that the amount of data is reduced by filtering and the data quality is improved. Next, the transmission takes place 320 the derived measurements to a portable computing unit 220 for example, by a wireless connection, which eliminates error-prone and hindering wired connections. Then the determination takes place 330 an actual movement pattern of the trainee from the derived measured values as well as biomechanical and sport-related boundary conditions by the arithmetic unit 220 , The inclusion of the boundary conditions makes it possible to reduce the number of measured values required for a characteristic movement pattern. In addition, the retrieval takes place 340 a target movement pattern from a database through the data interface 221 the arithmetic unit 220 , In this way, the trainee can independently obtain a suitable movement pattern for the trainee and his sport without a trainer. Next is the arithmetic unit 220 the comparison 350 of target movement pattern and actual movement pattern performed.

Finally, it is done by the arithmetic unit 220 in the case of a deviation between the desired movement pattern and the actual movement pattern, the output 360 an example, optical correction signal in real time via an output unit 230 , As a result, the trainee can immediately correct his movement during training and prevent possible incorrect stress.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

portable sensor module

110

sensor

111

microprocessor

112

data storage

120

power supply

121

System for local energy production

122

Control element of the power supply

123

manual on / off switch

124

energy storage

130

communication unit

131

antenna

132

Means for shielding

140

casing

141

Communication and / or power supply connection

142

fastening system

143

display unit

200

portable system for training monitoring

210

sensor

211

microprocessor

212

data storage

220

computer unit

221

Data Interface

222

Database

230

output unit

240

synchronization engine

250

portable computer device

300

Training monitoring procedure

310

Acquisition of actual measured values

311

Determine derived measurements

320

Transmission of measured values to a computing unit

330

Determining an actual movement pattern from the measured values

340

Retrieve a desired movement pattern

350

Comparison of target movement pattern and actual movement pattern

360

Output of a correction signal

SG

Sports equipment

T

exerciser

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2010/0173276 A1 [0007, 0007, 0007]
• US 8165844 B2 [0008, 0008, 0009]
• EP 1970005 B1 [0009, 0009]
• US 2013/0002682 A1 [0010, 0010]
• EP 0793445 B1 [0011]

Claims (23)

Portable sensor module ( 100 ) for a portable training monitoring system comprising: • a number of sensors necessary at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee (T) ( 110 ), • an energy supply ( 120 ), At least one communication unit ( 130 ) for communication with the training monitoring system and • a housing ( 140 ) for receiving the sensors ( 110 ), the energy supply ( 120 ) and the at least one communication unit ( 130 ), wherein the sensor module ( 100 ) is attachable to a body part of the exerciser (T) and is so small and light that it does not hinder the exerciser (T) in his movement, characterized in that the energy supply ( 120 ) a system for local energy production ( 121 ). Sensor module ( 100 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one sensor ( 110 ) • a microprocessor ( 111 ) which is used to calculate derived measured values from the sensor measured values, preferably for data filtering and / or elimination of artifacts from relative movements between a body part or sports device (SG) of the exerciser (T) and the sensor module attached thereto ( 100 ), and / or • a data memory ( 112 ), preferably a non-volatile data memory, particularly preferably a flash memory. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that • at least one sensor ( 110 ) is a motion sensor, preferably an acceleration sensor and / or yaw rate sensor, and preferably at least one sensor ( 110 ) is an auxiliary sensor, particularly preferably a receiver for satellite-based position determination, magnetic field sensor, pressure sensor, force sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate monitor and / or altimeter. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system for local energy production ( 121 ) is designed to convert mechanical energy, thermal energy, the effect of magnetic induction and / or electromagnetic radiation into electrical energy. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power supply ( 120 ) For a motion-dependent automatic switching on and / or off, for activating and / or deactivating a power-saving mode and / or for automatically adapting the sampling rate and / or the transmission rate of the sensor module ( 100 ) regulating element ( 122 ), • an energy store ( 124 ), preferably an accumulator and / or capacitor, and / or • a manual on / off switch ( 123 ). Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication unit ( 130 ) wireless communication, preferably known communication standards, more preferably Bluetooth and / or WLAN, most preferably Bluetooth Low Energy, supports and an antenna ( 131 ), wherein the communication unit preferably comprises a means for shielding ( 132 ) of antenna and sensors against each other. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 140 ) • splash-proof, preferably water-tight, particularly preferably washable, most preferably machine-washable, • at least one connection designed for data communication and / or for supplying the power supply ( 141 ), preferably a USB port, particularly preferably has a micro-USB port, • a fastening system ( 142 ) for mounting the sensor module ( 100 ) on a body part and / or sports equipment (SG) of the trainee, wherein the fastening system is preferably in the form of at least one suction connection, adhesive bond, a rubber band, Velcro tape, neoprene tape, Ösensystems and / or push button system is executed, • at least one display device ( 143 ), preferably an LED display, which is used to display the operating state of the sensor module ( 100 ) is designed, • is designed as a molded part and / or • is at least partially flexible. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor module ( 100 ) is fully integrated. Sensor module ( 100 ) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the sensor module ( 100 ) is constructed so that individual components are modular, preferably detachable, connectable to each other. Portable training monitoring system ( 200 ) With a plurality of sensors (at least for the detection of a movement of body parts of a trainee) 210 ), wherein in each case a number of sensors can be attached to at least two body parts or at least two body parts and at least one sports device (SG) of a trainee (T), with a computing unit communicatively connected to the sensors ( 220 ), wherein the arithmetic unit is adapted to correlate the actual measured values of the sensors to an actual movement pattern and to compare the actual movement pattern of the exerciser (T) with a desired movement pattern, and with one with the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) communicatively connected output unit ( 230 ), characterized in that • the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) via at least one data interface ( 221 ), which is designed to read in at least body characteristics and sport of the exerciser (T) and to match suitable target movement patterns from a database ( 222 ) in the memory of the arithmetic unit and • that the output unit ( 230 ) is designed for the output of an at least optical and / or acoustic signal in real time in case of deviations between the actual movement pattern and target movement pattern to the trainee (T) to correct his movement. System ( 200 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that • at least one sensor ( 210 ) is a motion sensor, preferably an acceleration sensor and / or yaw rate sensor, particularly preferably a gyroscope, and preferably at least one sensor ( 210 ) is an auxiliary sensor, particularly preferably a receiver for satellite-based position determination, magnetic field sensor, pressure sensor, force sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate monitor and / or altimeter. System ( 200 ) according to any one of claims 10-11, characterized in that at least one sensor ( 210 ) • a microprocessor ( 111 ), which is designed to calculate derived measured values from the sensor measured values, preferably for data filtering and / or elimination of artifacts from relative movements between a body part or sports equipment (SG) of the exerciser (T) and the sensor attached thereto; 112 ), preferably a non-volatile data memory, particularly preferably a flash memory, comprises, • communicatively communicating wirelessly with the arithmetic unit ( 220 ), wherein the connection preferably corresponds to known communication standards, particularly preferably Bluetooth and / or WLAN, most preferably Bluetooth low energy, 120 ), which preferably has a control element which is designed for movement-dependent automatic switching on and / or off, for activating and / or deactivating a power-saving mode and / or for automatically adapting the sampling rate and / or the transmission rate of the sensor ( 122 ), an energy store ( 124 ) and / or a manual on / off switch ( 123 ) and / or • in the form of a sensor module ( 100 ) is configured according to one of claims 1-9. System ( 200 ) according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that the system ( 200 ) a synchronizing module designed to synchronize the sensors and the processing unit to a deviation of less than 10 ms ( 240 ), preferably a radio synchronization module. System ( 200 ) according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) and / or the output unit ( 230 ) in at least one portable computing device ( 250 ), preferably a smartphone, a tablet, an activity tracker, a sports watch and / or a smartwatch. System ( 200 ) according to any one of claims 10-14, characterized in that a plurality of sensors ( 210 ) with a common energy supply ( 120 ), a common microprocessor ( 111 ), a common data memory ( 112 ) and / or a common communication unit ( 130 ) for communication with the computing unit ( 220 ) and / or the synchronization module ( 240 ), the communication unit ( 130 ) preferably wireless communication, particularly preferably known communication standards, more preferably Bluetooth and / or WLAN, most preferably Bluetooth low energy supported. Training monitoring method ( 300 ), which includes the following steps: • Capture ( 310 ) of actual measured values by a plurality of at least for detecting a movement of body parts of a trainee (T) necessary motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors, each having a number of motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors on at least two body parts or at least two body parts and at least one Sports equipment (SG) of a trainee (T) is attached, • transmitting ( 320 ) of the actual measured values and / or measured values derived from the actual measured values from the sensors to a portable computing unit ( 220 ), • Determine ( 330 ) of an actual movement pattern of the exerciser (T) from the actual measured values and / or the derived measured values by the arithmetic unit ( 220 ), • Recall ( 340 ) from a database and / or input of a desired movement pattern by the computing unit ( 220 ), • Comparison ( 350 ) of target movement patterns and actual movement patterns by the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) and • Output ( 360 ) of an at least optical and / or acoustic correction signal in the case of a deviation between desired movement pattern and actual movement pattern in real time by the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) via a portable output unit communicatively connected to the arithmetic unit ( 230 ) to the trainee (T) to correct his movement. Procedure ( 300 ) according to claim 16, characterized in that the minimum for determining ( 330 ) of a characteristic actual movement pattern, preferably by utilizing symmetry properties of the body, anatomical boundary conditions and / or sport-related boundary conditions of the movement sequence, necessary number of motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors is used. Procedure ( 300 ) according to any one of claims 16-17, characterized in that at least one motion sensor and / or auxiliary sensor for reducing the amount of data and / or elimination of artifacts from relative movements between a body part or sports equipment of the exerciser (T) and the motion sensor attached thereto the determination ( 311 ) derived measured values from the actual measured values, preferably methods of PID control, Kalman filtering, Madgwick filtering, fuzzy logic and / or self-learning algorithms are used. Procedure ( 300 ) according to one of claims 16-18, characterized in that • the motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors and the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) are synchronized to a deviation of less than 10 ms and / or • a system ( 200 ) is used for training monitoring according to one of claims 10-15. Procedure ( 300 ) according to one of claims 16-19, characterized in that the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) • to determine ( 330 ) of the actual movement pattern in addition to the actual measured values and / or derived measured values of the motion sensors also includes actual measured values and / or derived measured values of auxiliary sensors, symmetry properties of the body of the exercising person (T), anatomical boundary conditions and / or sport-related boundary conditions of the movement sequence, records the actual movement pattern and / or records together with the actual movement pattern training-relevant metadata about the auxiliary sensors, preferably the pulse and / or sweat flow of the exerciser (T) and / or the height profile of the training course. Procedure ( 300 ) according to one of claims 16-20, characterized in that • the trainee (T) and / or a trainer the desired movement pattern by the execution of reference movements in the arithmetic unit ( 220 ), • the trainee (T) transmits his or her physical characteristics, sports and / or training preferences to the arithmetic unit via an input device communicatively connected to the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) and the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) retrieves a target movement pattern suitable for entry from a database, preferably an online database, • the database is constantly supplemented by the body features, sports and / or training preferences in connection with actual movement patterns and / or metadata of exercisers (T) and / or the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) in real time and / or after training to target movement patterns and associated actual movement patterns and preferably also metadata matching training proposals from a database, preferably an online database, retrieves and the trainee (T) via the output unit ( 230 ). Procedure ( 300 ) according to one of claims 16-21, characterized in that • the motion sensors and / or auxiliary sensors are calibrated statically, preferably by zero point correction, determination of the start orientation and / or query of the local declination and geomagnetic field strength at a declination server, the motion sensors are calibrated dynamically, preferably by rotation about an isolated axis and / or rotation in 90 ° steps and / or a cube movement and / or a temperature gradient correction and / or the relative position of the motion sensors, preferably by the execution of a defined movement of the exerciser (T) and / or measurement of the body of the exerciser, is calibrated. Procedure ( 300 ) according to one of claims 16-22, characterized in that the arithmetic unit ( 220 ) Target movement pattern and actual movement pattern in real time and / or after training for graphical presentation to the display unit ( 230 ), wherein the representation preferably in the form of a respective superimposed scheme of the body of the trainee (T) for Soll- Movement pattern and actual movement pattern is carried out, with particular preference deviations between desired movement pattern and actual movement pattern highlighted, usually preferred highlighted in color, are.

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