CN209233487U - A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement - Google Patents
A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN209233487U CN209233487U CN201822251116.9U CN201822251116U CN209233487U CN 209233487 U CN209233487 U CN 209233487U CN 201822251116 U CN201822251116 U CN 201822251116U CN 209233487 U CN209233487 U CN 209233487U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- power station
- data acquisition
- mqtt
- data
- distributed energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement, comprising: multiple power station data acquisition terminals are arranged in each power station, for acquiring the data information in each power station;Multiple MQTT data acquisitions and protocol converter, the acquisition of MQTT data and protocol converter connect one to one with power station data acquisition terminal;Multiple communication modules, communication module is acquired with MQTT data and protocol converter connects one to one;Server, with communication module communication connection;The data information that power station data acquisition terminal is acquired by MQTT data and protocol converter is acquired carries out the conversion of transport protocol, then sends its data information acquired to server by communication module.Distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement, for the distributed energy power station of dispersed distribution, Centralized Monitoring is then data acquisition, the transmission in all power stations are concentrated and be shown in the form of internet.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to monitoring technology field, in particular to a kind of distributed energy power stations number based on MQTT agreement
According to acquisition system.
Background technique
Currently, the energy is the basic motive of national economy.In severe energy substitution situation and human ecological environment (weather
Warm) pressure under, countries in the world all using developing and using sustainable clean energy resource as the energy development strategy in future, wherein
Solar energy with it is resourceful, one of there is no a particular advantages such as region boundary line, cleaning and become hot spot concerned by people.Solar energy
Volt power generation is a kind of forms of electricity generation that solar radiant energy is converted directly into electric energy using the photovoltaic effect principle of solar cell.
As one of fastest-rising new high-tech industry in the world since the 1980s, solar energy power generating
Industry and market are rapidly developed under the promotion of the strength of lasting technological progress and the law & policy of gradual perfection.By
The fast development in more than ten years, China's photovoltaic industry have entered the large-scale development stage.Cut-off 2013, the accumulative installation of China's photovoltaic
Amount is 17.16GW, and newly-increased photovoltaic installation amount target is 14GW within 2014, and the year two thousand twenty photovoltaic power generation total capacity will reach 180GW.
The operation level of photovoltaic generating system is the key element for influencing system benefit, it will directly affect photovoltaic power generation system
Operation expense, generating efficiency and the generating reliability of system, how the operation of safeguards system high level is each side's common concern
The problem of.
However so huge large-scale photovoltaic generating system, number of devices is huge, when some device fails, to institute
There is equipment all to check that workload is very huge one by one.By taking one 50,000 kilowatts of photovoltaic plant as an example, inverter have more than 100,
More than 800 of header box, battery component are more than 190,000 pieces, also large number of direct current confluence branch, in addition current photovoltaic power generation
System distribution or remote geographic location are had inconvenient traffic or are built in building roof, and equipment routing inspection and management are extremely difficult.
Since photovoltaic industry is many compared with thermoelectricity starting evening, informatization is just carried out, especially with operation power station
Increase, if only by manually report, the mode of artificial collect statistics, operations staff's workload certainly will be increased, and in people
Inevitably there is mistake during work collect statistics, cause data inaccuracy, not in time, the fault of production decision certainly will be caused.
How to realize scientific management, improve generated energy, extend the power generation service life, is asking for power station owner and grid company institute's common concern
Topic.
Also have at present for the problem that the data acquisition of photovoltaic generating system and monitoring system, but it exists and has: 1) monitoring
Data can not adopt, is insincere.It does not organize string monitoring or there was only simple group string data acquisition, monitoring measurement accuracy is not high, measures
Data inaccuracy;2) monitoring data reports difficulty.Monitoring data is uploaded by RS-485 bus, and transmission rate is low, communication failure
It is more, accidentally alert and to fail to report situation serious;3) fault location is difficult.Photovoltaic module and number of nodes are huge, lack effective failure
Positioning means, fault detection are compared mainly by manual inspection, by multimeter hand dipping, and the troubleshooting period is long, influences hair
Electric output, maintenance efficiency is low, investment manpower is big;4) system administration lacks digitlization means.Monitoring information is simply acquired and is presented,
Mass data report is handled by hand by Excel, and aggregation of data analysis ability is poor, and generate electricity performance analysis and improvement shortage quantization hand
Section cannot achieve multisystem unified management.
Therefore, the application technologies such as computer, modern communication means and intelligent mobile handheld terminal how are efficiently used, it is quasi-
The each photovoltaic plant day-to-day operation data of acknowledgement collection, and secondary calculating is carried out as needed, then data are reported into corporate HQ,
For subsequent statistical analysis, foundation is provided for production decision, while mitigating operations staff's workload to become we to be solved one
A project.Information-based photovoltaic plant operation management system can improve power station integrated efficiency and generated energy;Photovoltaic electric can also be saved
The cost of investment stood is conducive to photovoltaic plant standardized operation, maintenance and technical standard, improves production photovoltaic plant operation and management
It is horizontal;And it is able to achieve data mining and analysis, it is the basic data of the specific works plan of decision and department.
If can carry out comprehensive no dead angle to power station by intelligent solution and check and accept, it is ensured that construction quality
And equipment performance is up to standard.Intelligent solution can in time alarm to equipment fault, especially examine a group tandem failure
Disconnected, relative to sampling observation, not only efficiently, and fault detection covers entire power station;It is calculated by the dispersion ratio of inverter and component,
The overall operation that power station inverter and battery pack string can be measured is horizontal, and to the comprehensive monitoring in power station in addition to checking and accepting
Shi Qi is essential after coming into operation.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement, for dispersion point
The distributed energy power station of cloth, Centralized Monitoring are then to concentrate data acquisition, the transmission in all power stations in the form of internet
It is shown.
The utility model provides a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement, comprising:
Multiple power station data acquisition terminals are arranged in each power station, for acquiring the data information in each power station;
Multiple MQTT data acquisitions and protocol converter, the MQTT data acquisition and protocol converter and the power stations number
It connects one to one according to acquisition terminal;
Multiple communication modules, the communication module is acquired with the MQTT data and protocol converter connects one to one;
Server, with the communication module communication connection;
The data information that power station data acquisition terminal is acquired by MQTT data and protocol converter is acquired is passed
Then the conversion of defeated agreement sends its data information acquired to server by communication module.
In one embodiment, the data information in power station includes: power station equipment information, voltage, electricity are one of or more
Kind combines.
In one embodiment, power station equipment include: photovoltaic module, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, header box, DC cabinet, exchange cabinet,
Transformer, switchgear, electric energy meter, one or more combinations in the communication processor of power station.
In one embodiment, further includes: monitor terminal,
The monitor terminal includes:
Touch screen;
Gateway is connect with touch screen and cloud service.
It in one embodiment, further include alarm module, the alarm module and the server communication connection.
It in one embodiment, further include mobile terminal, the mobile terminal and the server communication connection;
The mobile terminal includes mobile phone, one or more combinations in laptop.
Other features and advantages of the utility model will illustrate in the following description, also, partly from specification
In become apparent, or understood and implementing the utility model.The purpose of this utility model and other advantages can pass through
Structure specifically indicated in the written description, claims, and drawings is achieved and obtained.
Below by drawings and examples, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, practical with this
Novel embodiment is used to explain the utility model together, does not constitute limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement in the utility model embodiment
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is illustrated below in conjunction with preferred embodiment of the attached drawing to the utility model, it should be understood that described herein excellent
It selects embodiment to be only used for describing and explaining the present invention, is not used to limit the utility model.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, comprising:
Multiple power station data acquisition terminals 1 are arranged in each power station, for acquiring the data information in each power station;
Multiple MQTT data acquisitions and protocol converter 2, the MQTT data acquisition and protocol converter 2 and the power station
Data collection station 1 connects one to one;
Multiple communication modules 3, the communication module 3 is acquired with the MQTT data and protocol converter 2 corresponds and connects
It connects;
Server 4, with 3 communication connection of communication module;
The data information that power station data acquisition terminal is acquired by MQTT data and protocol converter is acquired is passed
Then the conversion of defeated agreement sends its data information acquired to server by communication module.
The working principle and beneficial effect of the above-mentioned distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement are as follows:
For the distributed energy power station of dispersed distribution, by data acquisition, the transmission in all power stations, then Centralized Monitoring is
Concentration is shown in the form of internet, provides data foundation for post analysis.It is embodied as being mounted on each power station
The data information that power station data acquisition terminal is acquired by MQTT data and protocol converter is acquired carries out transport protocol
Then conversion sends its data information acquired to server by communication module.Facilitate country to concentrate to electric energy, makes electricity
Power resource is maximally utilized.
Wherein, power station data acquisition terminal can be the controller of each equipment in power station, pass through the control of each equipment
Device is acquired the data of the equipment.
MQTT power station data acquisition and protocol converter are one of key equipments of system, realize that power station equipment data are adopted
Collection, storage, are uploaded to server by internet.
The acquisition of MQTT data and protocol converter mainly have converter hardware and software sharing, and converter hardware is according to power station
Scale can be deployed as one or more industrial computer.Converter software includes photovoltaic plant data acquisition software and photovoltaic electric
Data forwarding of standing software.
Wherein, communication module mainly uses MQTT communications protocol.
In one embodiment, the data information in power station includes: power station equipment information, voltage, electricity are one of or more
Kind combines.
In one embodiment, power station equipment include: photovoltaic module, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, header box, DC cabinet, exchange cabinet,
Transformer, switchgear, electric energy meter, one or more combinations in the communication processor of power station.
In one embodiment, further includes: monitor terminal,
The monitor terminal includes:
Touch screen;
Gateway is connect with touch screen and cloud service.
The data information in each power station can be observed by touch screen.
It in one embodiment, further include alarm module, the alarm module and the server communication connection.
Server analyzes the information of acquisition, when discovery abrupt information control alarm module work, the alarm mould
Block dispersion is mounted on each plant location.When data when some power station are abnormal, server control is mounted on the power station
Alarm module work, alarm module includes one of buzzer, warning light and loudspeaker or a variety of.
It in one embodiment, further include mobile terminal, the mobile terminal and the server communication connection;
The mobile terminal includes mobile phone, one or more combinations in laptop.
This system also have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, legacy protocol single channel measuring point sum has the upper limit, and single station suitable for seldom small hydropower station of counting monitors,
Carry out data transmission in local area network.And the power station quantity for needing to access the server of internet is more, capacity is big, power station information and
The data volume of power station equipment information is huge, and legacy protocol can not support such large-scale data transfers.And MQTT is to data
There is no limit more adapt to extensive power station big data forwarding access server to the size of amount.
2. Internet security with super strength: being not easy to encrypt using legacy protocol message, while being difficult to carry out permission control
The safety of system, data transmission not can guarantee.The safety of the power station data information of transmission on the internet proposes huge challenge.
And a variety of cryptographic means encryption datas can be used in MQTT, and possess complete permission control means, guarantee each power station data conscientiously
The safety of information.
3. having more stability in terms of data forwarding:
The power station quantity for needing to access wisdom energy management platform is more, and distribution is extremely wide, and power station scene is network-like
Condition is irregular, is possible to the case where network temporarily interrupts occur at any time, and this requires data transmission centainly to need to have breakpoint
The ability resumed.And other legacy protocols do not have the ability of breakpoint transmission, MQTT can be solved perfectly power station data and access
The breakpoint transmission problem occurred in journey.
4. more convenient and high efficiency:
Legacy protocol is modified require to reconfigure measuring point corresponding relationship every time, the photovoltaic electric numerous in face of dispersed distribution
It stands, project amount is big, and the duration not can guarantee.Data acquisition and protocol conversion apparatus based on MQTT facilitate solution in a manner of object
Analysis, it is convenient efficient, it can largely shorten the power station access duration.
5, using MQTT agreement as lightweight Internet of Things transport protocol.For in low bandwidth and unstable network environment
Equipment provides reliable network service, and MQTT agreement subscribes to massage pattern using publication &, compared with the answer-mode of HTTP,
MQTT only needs the data traffic of HTTP about 1/4, and network flow can be effectively reduced, and saves network cost.
Obviously, it is practical without departing from this can to carry out various modification and variations to the utility model by those skilled in the art
Novel spirit and scope.If in this way, these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the utility model claims and
Within the scope of its equivalent technologies, then the utility model is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement characterized by comprising
Multiple power station data acquisition terminals are arranged in each power station, for acquiring the data information in each power station;
Multiple MQTT data acquisitions and protocol converter, the MQTT data acquisition and protocol converter are adopted with the power station data
Collection terminal connects one to one;
Multiple communication modules, the communication module is acquired with the MQTT data and protocol converter connects one to one;
Server, with the communication module communication connection;
The data information that power station data acquisition terminal is acquired by MQTT data and protocol converter is acquired carries out transmission association
Then the conversion of view sends its data information acquired to server by communication module.
2. the distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The data information for stating power station includes: power station equipment information, voltage, electricity one or more of them combine.
3. the distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
State power station equipment include: photovoltaic module, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, header box, DC cabinet, exchange cabinet, transformer, switchgear, electric energy meter,
One or more combinations in the communication processor of power station.
4. the distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also
It include: monitor terminal,
The monitor terminal includes:
Touch screen;
Gateway is connect with touch screen and cloud service.
5. the distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including alarm module, the alarm module and the server communication connection.
6. the distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including mobile terminal, the mobile terminal and the server communication connection;
The mobile terminal includes mobile phone, one or more combinations in laptop.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201822251116.9U CN209233487U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201822251116.9U CN209233487U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN209233487U true CN209233487U (en) | 2019-08-09 |
Family
ID=67509849
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201822251116.9U Active CN209233487U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN209233487U (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113190583A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 华北电力大学扬中智能电气研究中心 | Data acquisition system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN113991875A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 江苏驷源电力有限公司 | Low-voltage distribution network terminal equipment and message interaction method thereof |
CN114256972A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-29 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter monitoring control system and method based on acquisition terminal |
CN114745364A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Internet of vehicles data distribution system and method based on MQTT protocol |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201822251116.9U patent/CN209233487U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113190583A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 华北电力大学扬中智能电气研究中心 | Data acquisition system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN113190583B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-02-20 | 长春理工大学 | Data acquisition system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN114256972A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-29 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter monitoring control system and method based on acquisition terminal |
CN113991875A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 江苏驷源电力有限公司 | Low-voltage distribution network terminal equipment and message interaction method thereof |
CN114745364A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Internet of vehicles data distribution system and method based on MQTT protocol |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN209233487U (en) | A kind of distributed energy power station data acquisition system based on MQTT agreement | |
CN204517505U (en) | A kind of distributed photovoltaic power station intelligent monitor system | |
CN205901441U (en) | Management and control system is concentrated in new forms of energy power station | |
CN204190699U (en) | A kind of supervisory control system based on Internet of Things solar components | |
CN203366116U (en) | Oil field well site data acquisition system based on Internet of things | |
CN109301859A (en) | Distributed photovoltaic power generation station generating efficiency monitoring method and system | |
CN203858746U (en) | Running data acquisition system based on mobile communication public network for photovoltaic power stations | |
CN203135591U (en) | Micro-grid centralized monitoring system used for photovoltaic building integrated combination | |
CN114448348A (en) | Distributed photovoltaic operation data acquisition system and data processing method | |
CN108736827A (en) | A kind of solar photovoltaic assembly array data aggregating apparatus and its data processing method | |
CN209731296U (en) | A kind of new energy power station network architecture | |
CN203761400U (en) | Central control communication chamber for photovoltaic power station measuring system | |
CN204557562U (en) | Distribution network information management system | |
CN203455377U (en) | Power consumption monitoring device | |
CN103001326A (en) | Wind power communication scheduling private network platform system aiming at ultrashort term power forecasting | |
CN116520722A (en) | Multi-energy intelligent coupling control system based on 5G split base station | |
CN110224440A (en) | A kind of photovoltaic module generated output optimization system with wireless self-networking function | |
CN202353312U (en) | Remote electric energy quality monitoring system | |
CN214407580U (en) | Comprehensive energy system operation risk monitoring system | |
CN204334123U (en) | Intelligent power network power transmission and transforming equipment on-Line Monitor Device | |
CN210955469U (en) | Novel wireless self-organizing meter reading control device for water-gas-electricity three-meter | |
CN208674966U (en) | Grid operating monitoring intelligent management device | |
CN208188646U (en) | The monitoring system and photovoltaic plant of photovoltaic plant | |
CN203166623U (en) | Wind power communication dispatching private network platform system for ultra short term power prediction | |
CN207424698U (en) | A kind of power distribution room humiture cloud monitoring system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |