CN201540489U - All-weather adaptive double-shaft solar tracking system - Google Patents

All-weather adaptive double-shaft solar tracking system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201540489U
CN201540489U CN200920255651XU CN200920255651U CN201540489U CN 201540489 U CN201540489 U CN 201540489U CN 200920255651X U CN200920255651X U CN 200920255651XU CN 200920255651 U CN200920255651 U CN 200920255651U CN 201540489 U CN201540489 U CN 201540489U
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China
Prior art keywords
microprocessor
photovoltaic array
weather
motor
video camera
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN200920255651XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐永邦
刘爱国
史君海
邓霞
刘小宝
王芳
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Nanjing CNI23 Energy Engineering Co., Ltd.
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GCL SOLAR SYSTEM Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses an all-weather adaptive double-shaft solar tracking system. The system comprises an image recognition module, a control circuit module, a mechanical drive tracking control circuit, a sensor and a photovoltaic array, wherein the image recognition module is made by connecting a video camera with a computer in series, the control circuit module consists of a microprocessor, and the mechanical drive tracking control circuit comprises an anemometer, a first and a second frequency converters, a first and a second motors and a first and a second speed governing mechanisms. In the utility model, the posture of a solar cell panel is accurately controlled by the microprocessor through analyzing images gathered by the video camera. The adaptability of the photovoltaic array under all weather, particularly severe weather conditions can be improved on the condition of realizing precise tracking for all-weather sun azimuthal angles and altitude angles and improving solar utilization efficiency. The automatic recognition efficiency of photovoltaic station failure and shelters is increased. The tracking system also performs an anti-theft function. The safety and the reliability of photovoltaic stations are enhanced.

Description

A kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system
Technical field
The utility model relates to solar photovoltaic technology, be particularly related to a kind of solar panel all-weather self-adapting double-shaft tracker that is used to follow the tracks of sun operation and angle of radiation, can be widely used in independent photovoltaic power station, ground and large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power station.
Background technology
At global warming, under the urgent situation of Ecological environment worsening and conventional energy resources shortage of resources of being brought along with social economy's high speed development and environmental pollution, the development and use of accelerating regenerative resource become important channel and the measure that solves the energy and environmental problem.Sun power is the abundantest regenerative resource of resource, has special advantages and huge development and use potentiality, and solar energy power generating has been subjected to the attention and the support of national governments in recent years as a kind of continuable energy substitution mode, has obtained developing rapidly.
But because sun power density is low, have characteristics intermittent and that space distribution constantly changes, fixed solar panel can't be followed the variation of position of sun, can't guarantee the vertical all the time solar panel of sunshine, photoelectric transformation efficiency is low, so solar tracking system arises at the historic moment.Because uniaxiality tracking is just followed the tracks of the sun at the position angle, elevation angle is done seasonal adjustment, and double-axis tracking is to follow the tracks of track of sun at position angle and 2 directions of elevation angle, so the effect of double-axis tracking system is better than single-shaft tracking system.According to measuring and calculating, in the solar energy generating, under the same terms, the double-shaft auto-tracking generating set improves about 40~50% than the generated energy of stationary power generation equipment.Therefore in sun power utilizes, carry out round-the-clock, adaptive tracing and be very important.Solar energy tracking control method commonly used mainly contains at the uniform velocity control method, light intensity control method and space-time control method etc., and the mode that adopts electronic control system and mechanical system to combine is carried out the track and localization of the sun.But this class tracker cost is higher, energy consumption is bigger, and has certain limitation, anti-accumulated snow covers and utilizes function such as rainwater cleaning assembly especially to descend at inclement weather (as strong wind, rain, snow etc.) and environmental baseline, can not effectively carry out tracking Control automatically, under severe weather conditions because tracker reaction is untimely even can cause the damage of solar battery array; Chang Gui tracker can not in time be monitored solar array tracking Control effect and be discerned solar battery fault and shelter automatically in addition, has influenced the utilization ratio of sun power to a certain extent, has limited the promotion and application of solar tracking system.
The utility model content
At the problems referred to above, the utility model provides a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, this system and method energy consumption is low, can under severe weather conditions, carry out the tracking of high-efficiency high-accuracy, and have real-time monitoring, fault and the shelter analysis of tracking Control effect, anti-accumulated snow covers and utilize function such as rainwater cleaning assembly.
A kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor and photovoltaic array, wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera serial connection computing machine, control circuit module is made of microprocessor, mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope, first, second frequency converter, first, second motor and first, second speed adjusting gear, the image information of camera acquisition photovoltaic array, connect the input end of the output termination microprocessor of computing machine, first output terminal of microprocessor is connected in series first frequency converter successively, link to each other with solar cell array Z-axis in the photovoltaic array behind first motor and first speed adjusting gear, second output terminal of microprocessor is connected in series second frequency converter successively, link to each other with solar cell array transverse axis in the photovoltaic array behind second motor and second speed adjusting gear, anemoscope and sensor are arranged in the photovoltaic array, the output termination input end and computer of anemoscope, the input end of the output termination microprocessor of sensor.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system is characterized in that described sensor is a light sensor etc.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that the video camera in the described picture recognition module is also shared with the power station safety-protection system, described power station safety-protection system also comprises Surveillance center, the output terminal of described video camera connects Surveillance center and input end and computer respectively, the input end of the output termination Surveillance center of computing machine.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system is characterized in that being connected in series first frequency converter between described microprocessor and first motor, is connected in series second frequency converter between described microprocessor and second motor.
The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is that image acquisition, image recognition are combined with mechanical system with image processing system, microprocessor electronic control system, by the built-in position of sun calculation procedure control of microprocessor motor action, the position angle and the elevation angle of accurately following the tracks of the sun; The image information identification rain of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition, snow weather, in conjunction with anemoscope monitoring wind speed information, the real-time analysis weather conditions, according to weather conditions, automatically analyze information such as wind speed, snowfall, rainwater speed and angle, when wind speed has influence on solar panel safe than conference, in time control the tracker action by microprocessor system and take safeguard measure; When accumulated snow covers solar module, in time control topple accumulated snow on the assembly of tracker action; Action is adjusted best angle to be beneficial to most rainwater washing away and clean solar components according to rainwater speed and angle Based Intelligent Control tracker.The attitude of the image information identification solar panel of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition is with real-time monitoring tracker control effect and in time find the photovoltaic array fault; The situation of blocking of the image information identification photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition is in time found the foreign matter that blocks on the solar panel, gives the alarm and notifies the related personnel; The image monitoring of video camera combined with the safety-protection system of photovoltaic plant even substitute picture pick-up device in the safety-protection system, play antitheft effect, reduce cost simultaneously.
Useful achievement of the present utility model is to improve photovoltaic array in the round-the-clock particularly adaptive ability under severe weather conditions in accurate tracking sun operation position angle and elevation angle, strengthen the automatic recognition efficiency of fault and shelter, and can play antitheft effect, improve the sun power utilization ratio of photovoltaic plant greatly, strengthened the security and the reliability of photovoltaic plant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system principle diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
For making inner characteristic of the present utility model and beneficial effect be easier to understand, it is elaborated below in conjunction with example and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the principle flow chart of double-shaft solar tracking system of the present utility model.As shown in the figure, a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system of the utility model, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor 5, photovoltaic array 14 and power station safety-protection system 16, wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera 1 serial connection computing machine 2, control circuit module microprocessor 3 constitutes, mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope 4, first, second frequency converter 6,9, first, second motor 7,10 and first, second speed adjusting gear 8,11, power station safety-protection system 16 is made of the serial connection supervisory system 15 of video camera 1, the image information that video camera 1 is gathered photovoltaic array 14, connect the input end of the output termination microprocessor 3 of computing machine 2, first output terminal of microprocessor 3 is connected in series first frequency converter 6 successively, first motor 7 links to each other with solar cell array Z-axis 12 in the photovoltaic array 14 with first speed adjusting gear, 8 backs, second output terminal of microprocessor 3 is connected in series second frequency converter 9 successively, second motor 10 links to each other with solar cell array transverse axis 13 in the photovoltaic array 14 with second speed adjusting gear, 11 backs, anemoscope 4 and sensor 5 are arranged in the photovoltaic array 14, the input end of the output termination computing machine 2 of anemoscope 4, the input end of the output termination microprocessor 3 of sensor 5.
Double-axis tracking can be divided into dual mode: polar mounts comprehensive trace and horizontal system of coordinates comprehensive trace (being elevation angle-orientation angie type comprehensive trace), what the utility model adopted is latter's elevation angle-orientation angie type comprehensive trace mode.The physical construction of double-axis tracking of the present utility model system is by motor-driven, adopt the motor gear gear train to drive photovoltaic array and rotate realization position angle tracking (on the horizontal direction), adopt the motor transfer bar mechanism to promote the photovoltaic array upset simultaneously and realize that elevation angle follows the tracks of (on the vertical direction), can make between 0~90 ° on cell panel in the horizontal direction 360 ° and the vertical direction to rotate freely.
Because the running orbit of the sun is and the time, season, many complicated factors such as local longitude and latitude are relevant, therefore at microprocessor (3) onboard clock chip and position of sun calculation procedure, above-mentioned relevant data in advance is input to tables look-up by program in the microprocessor and carry out the calculating of solar azimuth and elevation angle, draw the position of sun preset time, calculate then tracking means the position that should locate, deliver to processor by serial ports and send 7 rotations of instruction control first motor, because first motor, 7 rotating speeds are higher, at first by first frequency converter, 6 frequency conversion reductions of speed, increase by first speed adjusting gear, 8, the first speed adjusting gears 8 then follows the tracks of by gear drive drive solar cell array Z-axis 12 rotation realization position angles in first motor, 7 backs; Microprocessor 3 is delivered to processor by serial ports and is sent 10 rotations of instruction control second motor simultaneously, second motor 10 is at first by second frequency converter, 9 frequency conversion reductions of speed, then by second speed adjusting gear, 11 further reductions of speed, promote 12 actions of solar cell array transverse axis by transfer bar mechanism and realize the elevation angle tracking, thus the position angle and the elevation angle of accurately following the tracks of the sun.Sensor 5 is used to detect photovoltaic array and whether aims at the sun, when sunshine departs from the vertical irradiation sensor, sensor can detect the orientation that the current sun departs from sensor, while is at the output terminal of sensor corresponding orientation, have signal output, signal feedback is given microprocessor, carries out the orientation and corrects to realize accurate control.Microprocessor 3 onboard clock chips send instruction control first motor 7 and 10 actions of second motor by processor when night, make solar panel return initial position.
Video camera 1 can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and be sent to and carry out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine 2, obtain Weather informations such as rain, snow, the wind speed information that obtains in conjunction with anemoscope 4, these Weather informations are carried out analytical calculation, according to real-time weather condition, judge wind speed, take safeguard measure by microprocessor 3 control tracker action in time; Judge that accumulated snow covers the degree of solar module, by topple accumulated snow on the assembly of microprocessor 3 control trackers action in time; Adjust best angles to be beneficial to most rainwater according to rainwater speed and angle by microprocessor 3 control trackers actions, move with the safety and the high-efficiency reliable of protection photovoltaic array to the washing away and cleans of solar components; Computing machine 2 also can input to the accordingly result of Flame Image Process Surveillance center 15, and supply station safety-protection system 16 uses.
Further, video camera 1 can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and be sent to and carry out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine 2, obtain failure message (it is undesired etc. to fail action or attitude as some solar panel) in the photovoltaic array 14 and shelter information (as foreign matter covering solar panel etc.), take measures to eliminate fault or give a warning by microprocessor 3 control motor action and notify the field staff to dispose, improve the safe reliability of photovoltaic array.
Further, video camera 1 also can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and combine with power station safety-protection system 16 or alternative safety-protection system 16 in image capture device, play effect antitheft and that reduce cost.

Claims (3)

1. all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor (5) and photovoltaic array (14), wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera (1) serial connection computing machine (2), control circuit module is made of microprocessor (3), mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope (4), first, second motor (7,10) and first, second speed adjusting gear (8,11), video camera (1) is gathered the image information of photovoltaic array (14), insert computing machine (2), the input end of the output termination microprocessor (3) of computing machine (2), first output terminal of microprocessor (3) is connected in series first motor (7) successively and links to each other with solar cell array Z-axis (12) in the photovoltaic array (14) with first speed adjusting gear (8) back, second output terminal of microprocessor (3) is connected in series second motor (10) successively and links to each other with solar cell array transverse axis (13) in the photovoltaic array (14) with second speed adjusting gear (11) back, anemoscope (4) and sensor (5) are arranged in the photovoltaic array (14), the input end of the output termination computing machine (2) of anemoscope (4), the input end of the output termination microprocessor (3) of sensor (5).
2. based on the described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the video camera (1) in the described picture recognition module is also shared with power station safety-protection system (16), described power station safety-protection system (16) also comprises Surveillance center (15), the output terminal of described video camera (1) connects the input end of Surveillance center (15) and computing machine (2) respectively, the input end of the output termination Surveillance center (15) of computing machine (2).
3. a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being connected in series first frequency converter (6) between described microprocessor (3) and first motor (7), be connected in series second frequency converter (9) between described microprocessor (3) and second motor (10).
CN200920255651XU 2009-11-24 2009-11-24 All-weather adaptive double-shaft solar tracking system Expired - Lifetime CN201540489U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103197613A (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-07-10 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Photovoltaic power station monitoring system based on industrial wireless network
CN117031933A (en) * 2023-06-13 2023-11-10 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 Zero carbon is energy system controlling means for building

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103197613A (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-07-10 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Photovoltaic power station monitoring system based on industrial wireless network
CN103197613B (en) * 2012-01-09 2016-03-30 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 A kind of photovoltaic power station monitoring system based on industry wireless network
CN117031933A (en) * 2023-06-13 2023-11-10 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 Zero carbon is energy system controlling means for building
CN117031933B (en) * 2023-06-13 2024-02-13 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 Zero carbon is energy system controlling means for building

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Owner name: NANJING CNI23 ENERGY ENGINEERING CO., LTD.

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Effective date: 20130621

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Address after: 43 building, building 1, building 210000, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Zhujianglu Road

Patentee after: Nanjing CNI23 Energy Engineering Co., Ltd.

Address before: 210096 No. 68 Sheng Sheng Road, Jiangning economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Patentee before: GCL Solar System Limited

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Granted publication date: 20100804