CN101718996A - All-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system and control method thereof - Google Patents
All-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101718996A CN101718996A CN200910234346A CN200910234346A CN101718996A CN 101718996 A CN101718996 A CN 101718996A CN 200910234346 A CN200910234346 A CN 200910234346A CN 200910234346 A CN200910234346 A CN 200910234346A CN 101718996 A CN101718996 A CN 101718996A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system and a control method thereof. The solar tracking system comprises an image recognition module, a control circuit module, a mechanical transmission tracking control module, a sensor and a photovoltaic array, wherein the image recognition module is formed by connecting a video camera with a computer in series; the control circuit module consists of a microprocessor; and the mechanism transmission tracking control module comprises a wind velocity indicator, a first frequency converter, a second frequency converter, a first motor, a second motor, a first speed regulating mechanism and a second speed regulating mechanism. In the method, the video camera is used for collecting images for analysis, and is combined with the microprocessor to exactly control postures of a solar panel. At the same time of exactly tracking all-weather solar azimuths and altitude angles and improving the solar utilization rate, the self-adopting capacity of the photovoltaic array under an all-weather condition particularly a severe weather condition can be improved, and the automatic recognition efficiency of faults and obstructions of a photovoltaic power station is enhanced. The solar tracking system also has the effect of theft prevention and enhances the safety and the reliability of the photovoltaic power station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar photovoltaic technology, be particularly related to a kind of solar panel all-weather self-adapting double-shaft tracker and method thereof that is used to follow the tracks of sun operation and angle of radiation, can be widely used in independent photovoltaic power station, ground and large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power station.
Background technology
At global warming, under the urgent situation of Ecological environment worsening and conventional energy resources shortage of resources of being brought along with social economy's high speed development and environmental pollution, the development and use of accelerating regenerative resource become important channel and the measure that solves the energy and environmental problem.Sun power is the abundantest regenerative resource of resource, has special advantages and huge development and use potentiality, and solar energy power generating has been subjected to the attention and the support of national governments in recent years as a kind of continuable energy substitution mode, has obtained developing rapidly.
But because sun power density is low, have characteristics intermittent and that space distribution constantly changes, fixed solar panel can't be followed the variation of position of sun, can't guarantee the vertical all the time solar panel of sunshine, photoelectric transformation efficiency is low, so solar tracking system arises at the historic moment.Because uniaxiality tracking is just followed the tracks of the sun at the position angle, elevation angle is done seasonal adjustment, and double-axis tracking is to follow the tracks of track of sun at position angle and 2 directions of elevation angle, so the effect of double-axis tracking system is better than single-shaft tracking system.According to measuring and calculating, in the solar energy generating, under the same terms, the double-shaft auto-tracking generating set improves about 40～50% than the generated energy of stationary power generation equipment.Therefore in sun power utilizes, carry out round-the-clock, adaptive tracing and be very important.Solar energy tracking control method commonly used mainly contains at the uniform velocity control method, light intensity control method and space-time control method etc., and the mode that adopts electronic control system and mechanical system to combine is carried out the track and localization of the sun.But this class tracker cost is higher, energy consumption is bigger, and has certain limitation, anti-accumulated snow covers and utilizes function such as rainwater cleaning assembly especially to descend at inclement weather (as strong wind, rain, snow etc.) and environmental baseline, can not effectively carry out tracking Control automatically, under severe weather conditions because tracker reaction is untimely even can cause the damage of solar battery array; Chang Gui tracker can not in time be monitored solar array tracking Control effect and be discerned solar battery fault and shelter automatically in addition, has influenced the utilization ratio of sun power to a certain extent, has limited the promotion and application of solar tracking system.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system and control method thereof, this system and method energy consumption is low, can under severe weather conditions, carry out the tracking of high-efficiency high-accuracy, and have real-time monitoring, fault and the shelter analysis of tracking Control effect, anti-accumulated snow covers and utilize function such as rainwater cleaning assembly.
A kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor and photovoltaic array, wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera serial connection computing machine, the control circuit module microprocessor constitutes, mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope, first, second frequency converter, first, second motor and first, second speed adjusting gear, the image information of camera acquisition photovoltaic array, connect the input end of the output termination microprocessor of computing machine, first output terminal of microprocessor is connected in series first frequency converter successively, link to each other with solar cell array Z-axis in the photovoltaic array behind first motor and first speed adjusting gear, second output terminal of microprocessor is connected in series second frequency converter successively, link to each other with solar cell array transverse axis in the photovoltaic array behind second motor and second speed adjusting gear, anemoscope and sensor are arranged in the photovoltaic array, the output termination input end and computer of anemoscope, the input end of the output termination microprocessor of sensor.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system is characterized in that described sensor is a light sensor etc.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that the video camera in the described picture recognition module is also shared with the power station safety-protection system, described power station safety-protection system also comprises Surveillance center, the output terminal of described video camera connects Surveillance center and input end and computer respectively, the input end of the output termination Surveillance center of computing machine.
Described a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system is characterized in that being connected in series first frequency converter between described microprocessor and first motor, is connected in series second frequency converter between described microprocessor and second motor.
The control method of described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that video camera gathers the image information of photovoltaic array in real time, and described image information is sent to carries out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine and obtain Weather information, carry out analyzing and processing in conjunction with the wind speed information that anemoscope obtains: under severe weather conditions, adopt microprocessor successively by control first frequency converter, solar cell array Z-axis in adjusting and the photovoltaic array behind first motor and first speed adjusting gear, adopt microprocessor successively by control second frequency converter simultaneously, regulate solar cell array transverse axis in the photovoltaic array behind second motor and second speed adjusting gear, take safeguard measure; Can be according to the Weather information adjustment, by microprocessor successively by control first frequency converter, first motor, first speed adjusting gear and second frequency converter, second motor, second speed adjusting gear is regulated solar cell array Z-axis and transverse axis in the photovoltaic array respectively, thereby adjust the attitude of photovoltaic array, realize that anti-accumulated snow covers, the cleaning shelter, the rainwater cleaning assembly.
The control method of described a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system, it is characterized in that shelter or pursuit movement fault above the computer control video camera identification photovoltaic array in the described picture recognition module, and report to the police by control motor action or enforcement, notify the field staff to dispose.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is that image acquisition, image recognition are combined with mechanical system with image processing system, microprocessor electronic control system, by the built-in position of sun calculation procedure control of microprocessor motor action, the position angle and the elevation angle of accurately following the tracks of the sun; The image information identification rain of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition, snow weather, in conjunction with anemoscope monitoring wind speed information, the real-time analysis weather conditions, according to weather conditions, automatically analyze information such as wind speed, snowfall, rainwater speed and angle, when wind speed has influence on solar panel safe than conference, in time control the tracker action by microprocessor system and take safeguard measure; When accumulated snow covers solar module, in time control topple accumulated snow on the assembly of tracker action; Action is adjusted best angle to be beneficial to most rainwater washing away and clean solar components according to rainwater speed and angle Based Intelligent Control tracker.The attitude of the image information identification solar panel of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition is with real-time monitoring tracker control effect and in time find the photovoltaic array fault; The situation of blocking of the image information identification photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic array field by camera acquisition is in time found the foreign matter that blocks on the solar panel, gives the alarm and notifies the related personnel; The image monitoring of video camera combined with the safety-protection system of photovoltaic plant even substitute picture pick-up device in the safety-protection system, play antitheft effect, reduce cost simultaneously.
Useful achievement of the present invention is to improve photovoltaic array in the round-the-clock particularly adaptive ability under severe weather conditions in accurate tracking sun operation position angle and elevation angle, strengthen the automatic recognition efficiency of fault and shelter, and can play antitheft effect, improve the sun power utilization ratio of photovoltaic plant greatly, strengthened the security and the reliability of photovoltaic plant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system principle diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making inner characteristic of the present invention and beneficial effect be easier to understand, it is elaborated below in conjunction with example and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the principle flow chart of double-shaft solar tracking system of the present invention.As shown in the figure, a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system of the present invention, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor 5, photovoltaic array 14 and power station safety-protection system 16, wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera 1 serial connection computing machine 2, control circuit module microprocessor 3 constitutes, mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope 4, first, second frequency converter 6,9, first, second motor 7,10 and first, second speed adjusting gear 8,11, power station safety-protection system 16 is made of the serial connection supervisory system 15 of video camera 1, the image information that video camera 1 is gathered photovoltaic array 14, connect the input end of the output termination microprocessor 3 of computing machine 2, first output terminal of microprocessor 3 is connected in series first frequency converter 6 successively, first motor 7 links to each other with solar cell array Z-axis 12 in the photovoltaic array 14 with first speed adjusting gear, 8 backs, second output terminal of microprocessor 3 is connected in series second frequency converter 9 successively, second motor 10 links to each other with solar cell array transverse axis 13 in the photovoltaic array 14 with second speed adjusting gear, 11 backs, anemoscope 4 and sensor 5 are arranged in the photovoltaic array 14, the input end of the output termination computing machine 2 of anemoscope 4, the input end of the output termination microprocessor 3 of sensor 5.
Double-axis tracking can be divided into dual mode: polar mounts comprehensive trace and horizontal system of coordinates comprehensive trace (being elevation angle-orientation angie type comprehensive trace), what the present invention adopted is latter's elevation angle-orientation angie type comprehensive trace mode.The physical construction of double-axis tracking of the present invention system is by motor-driven, adopt the motor gear gear train to drive photovoltaic array and rotate realization position angle tracking (on the horizontal direction), adopt the motor transfer bar mechanism to promote the photovoltaic array upset simultaneously and realize that elevation angle follows the tracks of (on the vertical direction), can make between 0～90 ° on cell panel in the horizontal direction 360 ° and the vertical direction to rotate freely.
Because the running orbit of the sun is and the time, season, many complicated factors such as local longitude and latitude are relevant, therefore at microprocessor (3) onboard clock chip and position of sun calculation procedure, above-mentioned relevant data in advance is input to tables look-up by program in the microprocessor and carry out the calculating of solar azimuth and elevation angle, draw the position of sun preset time, calculate then tracking means the position that should locate, deliver to processor by serial ports and send 7 rotations of instruction control first motor, because first motor, 7 rotating speeds are higher, at first by first frequency converter, 6 frequency conversion reductions of speed, increase by first speed adjusting gear, 8, the first speed adjusting gears 8 then follows the tracks of by gear drive drive solar cell array Z-axis 12 rotation realization position angles in first motor, 7 backs; Microprocessor 3 is delivered to processor by serial ports and is sent 10 rotations of instruction control second motor simultaneously, second motor 10 is at first by second frequency converter, 9 frequency conversion reductions of speed, then by second speed adjusting gear, 11 further reductions of speed, promote 12 actions of solar cell array transverse axis by transfer bar mechanism and realize the elevation angle tracking, thus the position angle and the elevation angle of accurately following the tracks of the sun.Sensor 5 is used to detect photovoltaic array and whether aims at the sun, when sunshine departs from the vertical irradiation sensor, sensor can detect the orientation that the current sun departs from sensor, while is at the output terminal of sensor corresponding orientation, have signal output, signal feedback is given microprocessor, carries out the orientation and corrects to realize accurate control.Microprocessor 3 onboard clock chips send instruction control first motor 7 and 10 actions of second motor by processor when night, make solar panel return initial position.
Video camera 1 can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and be sent to and carry out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine 2, obtain Weather informations such as rain, snow, the wind speed information that obtains in conjunction with anemoscope 4, these Weather informations are carried out analytical calculation, according to real-time weather condition, judge wind speed, take safeguard measure by microprocessor 3 control tracker action in time; Judge that accumulated snow covers the degree of solar module, by topple accumulated snow on the assembly of microprocessor 3 control trackers action in time; Adjust best angles to be beneficial to most rainwater according to rainwater speed and angle by microprocessor 3 control trackers actions, move with the safety and the high-efficiency reliable of protection photovoltaic array to the washing away and cleans of solar components; Computing machine 2 also can input to the accordingly result of Flame Image Process Surveillance center 15, and supply station safety-protection system 16 uses.
Further, video camera 1 can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and be sent to and carry out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine 2, obtain failure message (it is undesired etc. to fail action or attitude as some solar panel) in the photovoltaic array 14 and shelter information (as foreign matter covering solar panel etc.), take measures to eliminate fault or give a warning by microprocessor 3 control motor action and notify the field staff to dispose, improve the safe reliability of photovoltaic array.
Further, video camera 1 also can be gathered the image information of photovoltaic array 14 in real time, and combine with power station safety-protection system 16 or alternative safety-protection system 16 in image capture device, play effect antitheft and that reduce cost.
Claims (5)
1. all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system, it is characterized in that comprising picture recognition module, control circuit module, mechanical drive tracking Control module, sensor (5) and photovoltaic array (14), wherein picture recognition module is made of video camera (1) serial connection computing machine (2), control circuit module microprocessor (3) constitutes, mechanical drive tracking Control module comprises anemoscope (4), first, second motor (7,10) and first, second speed adjusting gear (8,11), video camera (1) is gathered the image information of photovoltaic array (14), insert computing machine (2), the input end of the output termination microprocessor (3) of computing machine (2), first output terminal of microprocessor (3) is connected in series first motor (7) successively and links to each other with solar cell array Z-axis (12) in the photovoltaic array (14) with first speed adjusting gear (8) back, second output terminal of microprocessor (3) is connected in series second motor (10) successively and links to each other with solar cell array transverse axis (13) in the photovoltaic array (14) with second speed adjusting gear (11) back, anemoscope (4) and sensor (5) are arranged in the photovoltaic array (14), the input end of the output termination computing machine (2) of anemoscope (4), the input end of the output termination microprocessor (3) of sensor (5).
2. based on the described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the video camera (1) in the described picture recognition module is also shared with power station safety-protection system (16), described power station safety-protection system (16) also comprises draws together Surveillance center (15), the output terminal of described video camera (1) connects the input end of Surveillance center (15) and computing machine (2) respectively, the input end of the output termination Surveillance center (15) of computing machine (2).
3. a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being connected in series first frequency converter (6) between described microprocessor (3) and first motor (7), be connected in series second frequency converter (9) between described microprocessor (3) and second motor (10).
4. control method based on the described a kind of all-weather self-adapting double-shaft solar tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that video camera (1) gathers the image information of photovoltaic array (14) in real time, and described image information is sent to carries out graphical analysis and image recognition in the computing machine (2) and obtain Weather information, carry out analyzing and processing in conjunction with the wind speed information that anemoscope (4) obtains: under severe weather conditions, adopt microprocessor (3) successively by control first frequency converter (6), first motor (7) and first speed adjusting gear (8) back are regulated and the middle solar cell array Z-axis (12) of photovoltaic array (14), adopt microprocessor (3) successively by control second frequency converter (9) simultaneously, solar cell array transverse axis (13) in the photovoltaic array (14) is regulated in second motor (10) and second speed adjusting gear (11) back, takes safeguard measure; Can be according to the Weather information adjustment, regulate solar cell array Z-axis (12) and transverse axis (13) in the photovoltaic array (14) respectively by control first frequency converter (6), first motor (7), first speed adjusting gear (8) and second frequency converter (9), second motor (10), second speed adjusting gear (11) successively by microprocessor (3), thereby adjust the attitude of photovoltaic array (14), realize that anti-accumulated snow covers, the cleaning shelter, the rainwater cleaning assembly.
5. the control method of a kind of all-weather self-adaptive single-axis solar tracking system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that shelter or pursuit movement fault above computing machine in the described picture recognition module (2) control video camera (1) the identification photovoltaic array (10), and report to the police by control motor (7) action or enforcement, notify the field staff to dispose.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102064615A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-05-18 | 重庆大学 | System and method for controlling magnetic field tracking servo mechanism |
| CN102269990A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-12-07 | 无锡新策科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent control network system of photovoltaic power generation array |
| CN102541071A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-04 | 西安大昱光电科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional sun tracking control system |
| CN102570904A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 西安大昱光电科技有限公司 | Sun tracking control system |
| CN102841611A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-12-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Solar module automatic tracking method based on photovoltaic power station monitoring system and system therein |
| CN103268122A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-28 | 上海聚恒太阳能有限公司 | Transmission control mechanism for photovoltaic tracker, photovoltaic tracker and transmission control method |
| CN105381990A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-09 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Photovoltaic system and panel cleaning method |
| CN107991918A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 国网山东省电力公司临朐县供电公司 | A kind of multi-functional photo-voltaic power generation station real-time monitoring system |
| CN112290881A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 衡阳晟达信息技术有限公司 | Solar energy collecting system and method for tracking sun |
| CN113282111A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-20 | 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 | Celestial body or solar energy tracking system and tracking control method thereof |
| CN113992127A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-01-28 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic tracking support rotating system and controller |
| CN114442678A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江朝泰科技有限公司 | Sun tracking device and method for photovoltaic module |
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- 2009-11-24 CN CN200910234346A patent/CN101718996A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102064615A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-05-18 | 重庆大学 | System and method for controlling magnetic field tracking servo mechanism |
| CN102064615B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-12-05 | 重庆大学 | System and method for controlling magnetic field tracking servo mechanism |
| CN102541071A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-04 | 西安大昱光电科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional sun tracking control system |
| CN102570904A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 西安大昱光电科技有限公司 | Sun tracking control system |
| CN102269990A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-12-07 | 无锡新策科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent control network system of photovoltaic power generation array |
| CN102841611A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-12-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Solar module automatic tracking method based on photovoltaic power station monitoring system and system therein |
| CN103268122A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-28 | 上海聚恒太阳能有限公司 | Transmission control mechanism for photovoltaic tracker, photovoltaic tracker and transmission control method |
| CN105381990A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-09 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Photovoltaic system and panel cleaning method |
| CN107991918A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 国网山东省电力公司临朐县供电公司 | A kind of multi-functional photo-voltaic power generation station real-time monitoring system |
| CN113992127A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-01-28 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic tracking support rotating system and controller |
| WO2022022007A1 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-03 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Photovoltaic tracking support rotation system and controller |
| CN112290881A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 衡阳晟达信息技术有限公司 | Solar energy collecting system and method for tracking sun |
| CN113282111A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-20 | 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 | Celestial body or solar energy tracking system and tracking control method thereof |
| CN114442678A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江朝泰科技有限公司 | Sun tracking device and method for photovoltaic module |
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