CN1918934B - Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming - Google Patents
Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1918934B CN1918934B CN2004800408759A CN200480040875A CN1918934B CN 1918934 B CN1918934 B CN 1918934B CN 2004800408759 A CN2004800408759 A CN 2004800408759A CN 200480040875 A CN200480040875 A CN 200480040875A CN 1918934 B CN1918934 B CN 1918934B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- emulation module
- interface
- module
- travelling carriage
- network
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Abstract
IIF architectures and corresponding call flows are provided for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming scenarios such as GPRS foreign mode with Mobile IPv4, GPRS foreign mode with Simple IPv4 or IPv6, CDMA2000 packet data foreign mode with Mobile IPv4, and CDMA2000 packet data foreign mode with Simple IPv4 or IPv6.
Description
Priority request according to 35U.S.C § 119
The exercise question that present patent application requires on December 3rd, 2003 to submit to is the provisional application No.60/526 of " CDMA/GPRSPacket Data Roaming (roaming of CDMA/GPRS grouped data) ", 557 priority, this provisional application has transferred the application's assignee, thereby clearly it is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The disclosed embodiment of the application is usually directed to radio communication, and more specifically, relates to the roaming in the context of CDMA2000 and gprs system.
Background technology
The wireless user may expect that the wireless system of combination except that their local system uses their wireless terminal, comes access service with the existing order of using them.By the wireless system except that their local system, be linked into these services and can not rely on their standard wireless terminal.For example, this can occur in when the user roams outside the service area of their local system.Therefore, manufacturer and system operator expectation allow the user to use their terminal and order by system and receive service, as long as terminal and service system are compatible, this system can not be user's a local system.
Even when service system adopted identical technology with local system, it also may be difficult that the user who is roaming is served.When service system is used in the local system be different from the user employed air interface, because the basic difference of messaging protocol, call model etc. is carried out the interworking between these systems usually.Can realize this interworking by interworking and interoperability function (IIF:Interworking and Interoperability Function).
Exercise question people such as Bright is an example having described IIF among the US patent application 2002/094811A1 of " Interworking and Interoperability of GPRSSystems With Systems of Other Technology Families (interworking of the system of gprs system and other technology family and interoperability) ".US patent application 2002/094811A1 provides GPRS interworking and the interoperability function (IIF) between second wireless system of service GSM/GPRS wireless system and different technologies family.IIF allows to be belonged to the operating mobile station of second wireless system in the GSM/GPRS system.According to US patent application 2002/094811A1, telecommunications system components is provided, it allows the interworking and the interoperability of service GSM and/or gprs system and some " domestic wireless " system.For example, but quilt is belonged to this domestic wireless system can be served from this service system reception with the travelling carriage that the service system that is in the single GPRS pattern is registered.US patent application 2002/094811A1 has mentioned term " domestic wireless (DW:domestic wireless) " and has meant with ANSI or be used for TDMA, CDMA and compatible mutually or compatible mutually with other similar system non-gsm system of equivalence margin of the analog cellular system that uses in the North America usually.
Though US patent application 2002/094811A1 admits the demand to IIF, the operating mobile station that this IIF allows to be belonged to the cdma wireless system is in the GSM/GPRS system, but US patent application 2002/094811A1 does not discuss to the IIF that is suitable for the CDMA 2000/GPRS roaming sight when terminal is used mobile IP or simple IP.US patent application 2002/094811A1 fails to provide enough information, guidance or guides, when using mobile IP or simple IP when terminal, can how to construct IIF, the travelling carriage that allows to be belonged to CDMA 2000 wireless systems can be operated in the GSM/GPRS system.For example, US patent application 2002/094811A1 fail to provide about realize this IIF need which kind of module, how to these modules interconnect, regularly and control with any details of the specific operation that obtains to realize that this IIF is required.
Therefore, there is demand in this area for universal architecture, this universal architecture goes for CDMA 2000/GPRS roaming sight, the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas that this CDMA 2000/GPRS roams the outer ground mode of sight such as the GPRS with mobile IPv 4, has the outer ground mode of GPRS of simple IP v4 or IPv6, has the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of mobile IPv 4 and have simple IP, mobile IPv 4 or mobile IP v 6.Expectation connects by supporting the carrier between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems, and when CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber of using simple IP, mobile IPv 4 or mobile IP v 6 roamed into gprs system, can unify in CDMA 2000 packet data system communicated between the gprs system.Similarly, also expectation connects by supporting the carrier between GPRS and the CDMA2000 block data system, and when the GPRS local user when gprs system roams into CDMA 2000 block data systems that use simple IP, mobile IPv 4 or mobile IP v 6, can between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems, communicate.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide between unify interface entities between the gprs system of CDMA 2000 packet data system, this interface entities supports the carrier between GPRS and CDMA 2000 block data systems to connect by packet routing function is provided, make that CDMA 2000 packet data system are unified and can be communicated between the gprs system when CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber roam into gprs system.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of interface entities is provided, when CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber of using mobile IPv 4 roamed into accessed gprs system, this interface entities was unified local CDMA 2000 packet data system and can be communicated between the accessed gprs system that comprises SGSN.
For example, roam among the embodiment of accessed system and use mobile IPv 4 in CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber, interface entities can be provided, and this interface entities is connected to accessed system with local system, so that can communicate between local system and the accessed system.In this case, local system is CDMA 2000 block data systems, and this CDMA2000 block data system can comprise ANSI-41 Home Location Register, AAA entity and local agent, and accessed system can be the gprs system that comprises SGSN.
According to the aspect of this embodiment, this interface comprises GSM home location register emulation module and ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor emulation module.Can the GSM home location register emulation module be connected to SGSN by Gr interface, this allows the user to register by Gr interface, and can ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor emulation module be connected to the ANSI-41 Home Location Register by D interface, this allows the user to register by D interface.According to the aspect of this embodiment, this interface also comprises foreign agent emulation module and GGSN emulation module.Can foreign agent emulation module be connected to local agent by the X1 interface, and foreign agent emulation module supports the carrier between accessed system and the local system to connect, and makes by the X1 interface Foreign Agent interface and AAA interface to be offered the CDMA2000 block data system.Can the GGSN emulation module be connected to SGSN by gp interface, and the GGSN emulation module can support the carrier between accessed system and the local system to connect, make the GGSN interface to be offered accessed system by gp interface.This interface can be used as the end points of GTP tunnel and mobile IP tunnel.In this embodiment, this interface provides the packet routing function between GGSN interface and the Foreign Agent interface.According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface can also comprise the AAA emulation module, can the AAA emulation module be connected to the AAA entity by the X3 interface.In this embodiment, the AAA emulation module provides billing function, carries out alternately with the AAA that is used for mobile IP Foreign Agent challenge authentication and the charging of 3GPP2 grouped data with local network.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of interface entities is provided, when CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber of using simple IP roamed into accessed gprs system, this interface entities was unified local CDMA 2000 packet data system and can be communicated between the accessed gprs system that comprises SGSN.
Roam among the embodiment of accessed system and use simple IP in CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber, a kind of interface entities can be provided, this interface entities is connected to accessed system with local system, so that can communicate between local system and the accessed system.In this case, local system is CDMA 2000 block data systems, and these CDMA 2000 packet data system can comprise ANSI-41 Home Location Register, AAA entity and LNS, and accessed system can be the gprs system that comprises SGSN.
According to the aspect of this embodiment, this interface comprises ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor and GSM Home Location Register.Can the ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor be connected to the ANSI-41 Home Location Register by D interface, and this ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor allows the user to register by D interface.Can the GSM Home Location Register be connected to SGSN by Gr interface, and this GSM Home Location Register allows the user to register by Gr interface.According to another aspect of this embodiment, this interface can comprise LAC emulation module and GGSN emulation module.Can the LAC emulation module be connected to LNS by X2 interface, and the LAC emulation module supports that the carrier by X2 interface connects between visited network and the local network.Can the GGSN emulation module be connected to SGSN by gp interface, and the GGSN emulation module supports that the carrier by gp interface connects between visited network and the local network, thereby this provides the packet routing function between GGSN interface and the local system to realize by the GGSN interface being offered accessed system and normal routing interface being offered CDMA 2000 block data systems.In this case, this interface is as the end points of GTP tunnel and ipsec tunnel.According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface can comprise the AAA emulation module, can this AAA emulation module be connected to the AAA entity by the X3 interface.The AAA emulation module is undertaken providing billing function alternately by the AAA that is used for L2TP authentication and the charging of 3GPP2 grouped data of X3 interface and local network.
According to another aspect of the present invention, interface entities between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems is provided, this interface entities supports the carrier between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems to connect by packet routing function is provided, make and to use one of mobile IPv 4 and simple IP when gprs system roams into CDMA 2000 block data systems as the GPRS local user, can communicate between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of interface entities is provided, when the GPRS local user who uses mobile IPv 4 roams into accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems, this interface entities makes between local gprs system and accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems and can communicate, wherein, local gprs system comprises GSM Home Location Register, GGSN and AAA entity, and accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor, AAA entity and packet data serving node/Foreign Agent.
Roam among the embodiment of accessed system and use mobile IPv 4 the GPRS local user, a kind of interface entities can be provided, this interface entities is connected to accessed system with local system, so that can communicate between local system and the accessed system.In this case, local system is the gprs system that comprises GSM Home Location Register, GGSN and AAA entity, and accessed system can be made up of CDMA 2000 block data systems that comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor, AAA entity and packet data serving node/Foreign Agent.
According to the aspect of this embodiment, this interface comprises home agent emulation module and SGSN emulation module.Can home agent emulation module be connected to packet data serving node/Foreign Agent by the X1 interface, and this home agent emulation module provides the local agent interface to accessed system.Can the SGSN emulation module be connected to GGSN by gp interface, and this SGSN emulation module provides the SGSN interface to local system, with by providing packet routing function between SGSN interface and the local agent interface to support the carrier between visited network and the local network to connect.At this, this interface is as the end points of GTP tunnel and mobile IP tunnel.According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface can also comprise ANSI-41 home location register emulation module and GSM Visited Location Registor emulation module.Can the ANSI-41 home location register emulation module be connected to the ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor by D interface, and can GSM Visited Location Registor emulation module be connected to the GSM Home Location Register, register to allow the user by D interface.According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface can also comprise the AAA emulation module, can this AAA emulation module is connected to the AAA entity and can this AAA emulation module be connected to the AAA entity by the X3 interface by the Gi interface.The AAA emulation module can be undertaken alternately by the AAA that is used for mobile IP authentication and the charging of 3GPP2 grouped data of X3 interface and visited network, and can be undertaken alternately by the AAA that is used for the charging of 3GPP grouped data of Gi interface and local network.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of interface entities is provided, when the GPRS local user who uses simple IP roams into accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems, this interface entities makes between local gprs system and accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems and can communicate, wherein, local gprs system comprises GSM Home Location Register, GGSN and AAA entity, and accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor, AAA entity and packet data serving node/LAC entity.
Roam among the embodiment of accessed system and use simple IP the GPRS local user, a kind of interface entities can be provided, this interface entities is connected to accessed system with local system, so that can communicate between local system and the accessed system.In this case, local system is the gprs system that comprises GSM Home Location Register, GGSN and AAA entity, and accessed system can be made up of CDMA 2000 block data systems that comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor, AAA entity and packet data serving node/LAC entity.According to an aspect of the present invention, this interface supports the carrier between visited network and the local network to connect by packet routing function is provided.For example, this interface can comprise SGSN emulation module and LNS emulation module.Can the SGSN emulation module be connected to GGSN by gp interface, and this SGSN emulation module provides the SGSN interface to local system, and can the LNS emulation module be connected to packet data serving node/LAC entity by X2 interface, and this LNS emulation module provides L2TP Network Server (LNS:L2TP Network Server) interface to give accessed system.So, this interface provides the packet routing function between SGSN emulation module and LNS emulation module.At this, this interface is as the end points of GTP tunnel and mobile L2TP Tunnel.
According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface comprises ANSI-41 home location register emulation module and GSM Visited Location Registor emulation module.Can the ANSI-41 home location register emulation module be connected to the ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor by D interface, and can GSM Visited Location Registor emulation module be connected to the GSM Home Location Register by another D interface.This allows the user to register.According to this embodiment on the other hand, this interface can also comprise the AAA emulation module, can this AAA emulation module be connected to the AAA entity by the Y3 interface, and can this AAA emulation module be connected to the AAA entity by the X3 interface.The AAA emulation module can be undertaken by the AAA entity of X3 interface and visited network alternately, carries out L2TP authentication and 3GPP2 grouped data and charges, and can be undertaken by the AAA entity of Gi interface and local network alternately, carries out the 3GPP grouped data and charges.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that comprises the system of local system, accessed system and interface entities, and this interface entities makes between local system and the accessed system and can communicate;
Fig. 2 A is the block diagram with outer ground mode of GPRS of mobile IPv 4;
Fig. 2 B is a call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the mobile IPv 4 in the ground mode outside GPRS;
Fig. 3 A is the block diagram with outer ground mode of GPRS of simple IP;
Fig. 3 B is a call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the simple IP in the ground mode outside GPRS;
Fig. 4 A is the block diagram with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of mobile IPv 4;
Fig. 4 B is a call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the mobile IPv 4 in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas;
Fig. 5 A is the block diagram with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of simple IP; And
Fig. 5 B is a call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the simple IP in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas.
Embodiment
Word " exemplary " can be used in reference to " as example, example or example " here.Here the embodiment that is described as " exemplary " not necessarily is interpreted as more preferred or favourable than other embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that comprises the system of local system 10, accessed system 20 and interface entities 30 or " IIF ", wherein, local system 10 such as CDMA 2000 block data systems or gprs system, accessed system 20 such as gprs system or CDMA 2000 block data systems, interface entities 30 or " IIF " local system 10 is connected to accessed system 20 and make local system 10 and accessed system 20 between can communicate.
Chapters and sections have subsequently been described the structure that goes for CDMA 2000/GPRS roaming sight, the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas that described CDMA 2000/GPRS roams the outer ground mode of sight such as the GPRS with mobile IPv 4, has the outer ground mode of GPRS of simple IP v4 or IPv6, has the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of mobile IPv 4 and have simple IP v4 or IPv6.
The outer ground mode of GPRS with mobile IPv 4
Fig. 2 A is the example block diagram with outer ground mode of GPRS of mobile IPv 4, and the function and the control interface that are provided by the IIF among this embodiment have been provided.When CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber were moved mobile IPv 4 [IS-835-C] in the ground mode outside GPRS, this roaming sight appearred.In this embodiment, local system 10 can be CDMA 2000 block data systems, and wherein CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber roam into gprs system and use mobile IPv 4.Local system 10 comprises ANSI-41 Home Location Register (ANSI-41 HLR) 131, AAA entity 116 and local agent (HA) 135.Accessed system 20 can be the gprs system that comprises SGSN 137.
If do not need the carrier between gprs system and CDMA 2000 block data systems to connect, so just do not need the reverse tunnel on the X1 interface.Or rather, end at the business of MS through X1 and gp interface.Under the situation that does not need reverse tunnel, IIF carries out route to the business that comes from MS that receives on gp interface, it is routed directly to the internet by the Gi interface.
Therefore, for being belonged to the user who still roams into gsm system in the CDMA mobile IP system, IIF can be provided to the GGSN interface of GSM and FA and the AAA interface that arrives cdma system.IIF can be used as the end points of GTP tunnel and mobile IP tunnel, and it has the packet routing function between GGSN and FA.IIF can also provide billing function, makes that operator can be based on charging such as the configurable tolerance in classified counting, bandwidth, time etc.
Fig. 2 B is an exemplary call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the mobile IPv 4 in the ground mode outside GPRS.Fig. 2 B has described the call flow example that is used to roam sight, and CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber are moved mobile IPv 4 [IS-835-C] in the ground mode outside GPRS in this roaming sight.In this example, MS and local CDMA 2000 systems have shared secret, are used for mobile IP authentication.MS can ask local CDMA 2000 system assignment HA and/or IP address.Can enable reverse tunnel, make all data services (come from MS or end at MS) through IIF and local CDMA 2000 systems.IIF generates 3GPP2 grouped data charging record and sends it to local CDMA 2000 systems by RADIUS.
It is additional that MS utilizes SGSN to finish GPRS.Can be based on authentication SIM, that need the Ki key with the authentication of GPRS additional correlation.IIF is as the GSM HLR that has disposed the Ki key.Under any circumstance, for this authentication, can not need the HLR in IIF and local CDMA 2000 systems to communicate.(step 1) MS will " activate the PDP Context request " and send to SGSN.This message comprises Access Point Name (APN:Access Point Name).APN has form＜network ID 〉.＜MNC 〉.＜MCC〉.gprs.Network ID (for example CDMA2000carrier.com) instruct MS is wanted which external network to set up logic with and is connected.Can in this message, omit and be requested pdp address.MS has static mobile IP home address or obtains new mobile IP home address.(step 2) SGSN selects GGSN based on APN.SGSN uses APN as searching name to inquire about the dns server (not shown) and to obtain an available GGSN tabulation, and this available GGSN can be used to support requested APN.Network ID indication CDMA 2000 operators of APN, therefore, dns server returns the IP address of IIF.(step 3) SGSN will " activate the PDP Context request " and send to selected IIF, for MS sets up PDP Context.This message comprises APN, is requested pdp address but can omit.(step 4) IIF sends to SGSN as GGSN and with " creating PDP Context replys ", and this SGSN sends to MS with " activating PDP Context accepts " then.Pdp address in two message all can be set to 0.0.0.0, will after the mobile IP registration of success, distribute pdp address with indication.(step 5) can be represented the mobile IP of MS expectation use owing to omission in " activating the PDP Context request " is requested pdp address, sends to MS so IIF announces as FA and with one or more mobile IP agents.Can send agent advertisement by the PDP Context of having set up.Agent advertisement comprises FA Care-of Address (FA COA:FA Care-of Address) and FA challenge (FAC:FA Challenge).(step 6)
MS sends to IIF by PDP Context with " mobile IP login request ".Information subsequently can be included in this register requirement: the NAI[RFC 2794 of MS] have form＜user name〉@＜domain name 〉, wherein domain name has been discerned local CDMA 2000 systems of MS.Can calculate MS-HA authentication code [RFC 2002] based on the content of register requirement and the secret of between MS and HA, sharing.Can calculate MS-AAA authentication code [RFC 3012] based on FAC and the secret of between MS and local aaa server, sharing.If MS uses permanent HA, just can the HA address field be set to given value; If perhaps MS wants to distribute new HA by local network, just can the HA address field be set to 0.0.0.0.If MS uses permanent address, just can local address field be set to given value; If perhaps MS wants to distribute new address by HA, just can local address field be set to 0.0.0.0.Can be set to 1 by the T-bit, to enable the reverse tunnel of the HA from IIF to MS.(step 7) IIF sends to local aaa server as RADIUS client and with " RAIDUS inserts request "." RAIDUS inserts request " transmitted [IS-835] such as the NAI, FAC authentication code, FAC, HA address of MS.If (step 8) authentication is successful, and local aaa server is replied with " RADIUS inserts acceptance " of the HA address that comprises MS.(step 9) IIF is forwarded to the HA address that is contained in " RADIUS inserts acceptance " as FA and with " mobile IP login request ".(the MS-HA authentication code in the step 10) HA check " mobile IP login request ".As under the situation of dynamic assignment HA, if HA does not have this shared secret, it and local aaa server communicate and obtain this shared secret.HA replys " mobile IP login request " with " the mobile IP registration answer " that comprise registering result (for example success or error code).If the local address that the MS expectation is new can return new address in this registration is answered; Otherwise, can return the permanent address of MS.(step 11) IIF is forwarded to MS as FA and by suitable PDP Context with " mobile IP registration answer ".IIF FA function write down the MS IP address distributed and with this address of IIF GGSN function sharing.(step 12)
IIF as GGSN and the local address by pdp address being arranged to MS (as indicated in registration is answered and by the FA function sharing) upgrade its PDP Context.Pdp address (also being the local address of MS therefore) can be associated with GTP tunnel, discerns GTP tunnel by endpoint of a tunnel ID (TEID:Tunnel Endpoint ID).(step 13) IIF is as GGSN and trigger the PDP context modification process that GGSN initiates, to upgrade the pdp address [3GPP TS 29.061] among SGSN and the MS.IIF will " upgrade the PDP Context request " and send to SGSN, and SGSN is forwarded to MS with it.(step 14) MS makes SGSN and replying with " upgrading PDP Context replys ", and SGSN is forwarded to IIF with it.(step 15) IIF sends to local aaa server [IS-835] as RADIUS client and with " RADIUS account request (beginning) ".Use 3GPP2 seller's defined attribute to transmit the station message recording, but some airlink record attributes (for example: service option, multichannel option etc.) are disabled.(step 16) local aaa server is made and being replied with " RADIUS account is replied (beginning) ".(step 17) if enable reverse tunnel from IIF to HA, so bearer services on both direction through IIF.For route is carried out in the grouping that comes from MS, IIF carries out route to the grouping of the GTP tunnel (discerning with TEID) that is received from MS, by mobile IP reverse tunnel it is routed to the HA of MS.For route is carried out in the grouping that ends at MS, IIF will be received from HA-and be routed to the GTP tunnel of MS to the grouping in-FA tunnel.Can use IPsec to protect mobile IP tunnel between HA and the IIF and the GTP tunnel between IIF and the SGSN.(step 18)
The outer ground mode of GPRS with simple IP
Fig. 3 A is the example block diagram with outer ground mode of GPRS of simple IP, and this block diagram shows CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber are moved IPv4 or IPv6 in the ground mode outside GPRS roaming sight.Fig. 3 A also has been provided by function and the control interface that is provided by interface under this situation or IIF.In this embodiment, local system 10 can be CDMA 2000 block data systems, and wherein CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber roam into gprs system and use simple IP v4.Local system 10 comprises ANSI-41 Home Location Register (ANSI-41 HLR) 131, AAA entity 116 and LNS 139.Accessed system 20 can be the gprs system that comprises SGSN 137.
If the carrier that does not need CDMA 2000 packet data system to unify between the gprs system connects, so just do not need X2 interface.IIF still supports the gp interface of SGSN, and provides the internet to insert by Gi interface (not shown).
Therefore, for being belonged to the user who still roams into gsm system in the CDMA simple IP system, IIF can be provided to the GGSN interface of GSM and arrives the normal routing interface of cdma system.IIF can be used as the end points in GTP tunnel and IPsec tunnel, and it has the packet routing function between GGSN and cdma system.IIF can also provide billing function, makes that operator can be based on charging such as the configurable tolerance in classified counting, bandwidth, time etc.
Fig. 3 B is an exemplary call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates outside GPRS the operation of the simple IP in the ground mode, and has explained that CDMA 2000 packet data native subscriber move the roaming sight of simple IP in the ground mode GPRS outside.In this example, MS and local CDMA 2000 systems have the shared secret (being CHAP) that is used for the simple IP authentication.MS is established to the PPP session of local CDMA 2000 systems by L2TP.During PPP set up, MS distributing IP address was given on local CDMA 2000 system dynamics ground.The data service of all MS (come from MS and end at MS) is through IIF and local CDMA 2000 systems.IIF generates 3GPP2 grouped data charging record and sends it to local CDMA 2000 systems by RADIUS.
It is additional that MS utilizes SGSN to finish GPRS.Can be based on authentication SIM, that need the Ki key with the authentication of GPRS additional correlation.IIF is as GSMHLR that has disposed the Ki key or GSM VLR.Under any circumstance, IIF can not need with local CDMA 2000 systems in HLR communicate, carry out this authentication.(step 1) MS will " activate the PDP Context request " and send to SGSN.This message comprises Access Point Name (APN:AccessPoint Name).APN has form＜network ID 〉.＜MNC 〉.＜MCC〉.gprs.Network ID (for example CDMA 2000 carrier.com) has indicated MS to want which external network to set up logic with to be connected.Can in this message, omit and be requested pdp address, make it is not to give MS with IP address assignment subsequently, but distribute the address by LNS by IIF (as GGSN).(step 2) SGSN selects GGSN based on APN.SGSN inquires about the dns server (not shown) and obtains an available GGSN tabulation, and these available GGSN can be used to support this to be requested APN.In this case, the network ID of APN has been indicated the CDMA2000 operator, and therefore, dns server returns the IP address of IIF.(step 3)
SGSN will " activate the PDP Context request " and send to selected IIF, for MS sets up PDP Context.This message comprises APN, is requested pdp address but can omit.(step 4) IIF sends to SGSN as GGSN and with " creating PDP Context replys ", and SGSN sends to MS with " activating PDP Context accepts " then.Pdp address in two message all can be set to 0.0.0.0, will reset to pdp address subsequently with indication.(step 5)
After can setting up PDP Context, MS and IIF carry out PPP LCP to be consulted.IIFLAC function and LNS set up L2TP Tunnel.IIF determines a LNS based on being requested APN.With (for example: the IP address of LNS) IIF is configured corresponding to the LNS information of APN.After L2TP Tunnel was set up, the IIF function was transmitted LCP information between LNS and MS.Between the LCP period of negotiation, LNS and MS will hold consultation PAP or CHAP as the agreement that is used for the PPP authentication.(step 6) is carried out PPP authentication (PAP or CHAP).By the local AAA in CDMA 2000 systems certificate of MS is authenticated.RADIUS between not shown LNS and the local AAA carries out alternately.(step 7) LNS and MS carry out the PPP ipcp negotiation.IIF LAC function continues biography to the IPCP message between L2TP Tunnel and the PDP Context.Between period of negotiation, LNS gives MS with IP address assignment.IIF monitors this address and uses the pdp address of this address as MS.(step 8)
IIF also needs the pdp address for SGSN and the renewal of MS circular.Recall and pdp address can be initially set to 0.0.0.0.Therefore, IIF will " upgrade the PDP Context request " and send to SGSN, and SGSN is forwarded to MS with it.(step 9) MS makes SGSN and replying with " upgrading PDP Context replys ", and SGSN is forwarded to IIF with it.(step 10)
IIF sends to local aaa server [IS-835] as RADIUS client and with " RADIUS account request (beginning) ".Use 3GPP2 seller's defined attribute to transmit the station message recording, but some airlink record attributes (for example: service option, multichannel option etc.) are disabled.(the local aaa server of step 11) is made and being replied with " RADIUS account is replied (beginning) ".(the step 12) bearer services is process IIF on both direction.For route is carried out in the grouping that comes from MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from the GTP tunnel (discerning with TEID) of MS is routed to L2TP Tunnel/session of MS.For route is carried out in the grouping that ends at MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from L2TP Tunnel/session of MS is routed to the GTP tunnel of MS.Can use IPsec to protect L2TP Tunnel/session between LNS and the IIF and the GTP tunnel between IIF and the SGSN.(step 13)
The outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas with mobile IPv 4
Fig. 4 A is the example block diagram with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of mobile IPv 4.This joint has been described the GPRS local user moves mobile IPv 4 [IS-835-C] in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas roaming sight.Fig. 4 A also has been provided by the function and the control interface that are provided by IIF in this case.In this embodiment, local system 10 can be a gprs system.The GPRS local user roams into CDMA 2000 block data systems and uses simple IP.Local system 10 comprises GSM Home Location Register 124, GGSN126 and AAA entity 128.Accessed system 20 can be CDMA 2000 block data systems, and these CDMA 2000 block data systems comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor (ANSI-41 VLR) 111, AAA entity 116 and packet data serving node/Foreign Agent (PDSN/FA) 118.
If the carrier that does not need accessed CDMA 2000 packet data system to unify between the local gprs system connects, so just do not need gp interface.In this case, can be routed directly to the internet by the data service that the PDSN/FA in the accessed system will come from MS, if perhaps enabled reverse tunnel, just the data service that will come from MS by IIF/HA is routed directly to the internet.The data service that will end at MS by IIF/HA is routed to PDSN/FA.IIF needs interface X3 and X4 to come the AAA message between CDMA 2000 aaa servers and the GPRS aaa server is carried out interworking.
Therefore, for being belonged to the user who still roams into the CDMA mobile IP system in the gsm system, IIF can be provided to the HA interface of cdma system and arrives the SGSN interface of gsm system.The subclass that need comprise the SGSN function that APN resolves.IIF can be used as the end points of mobile IP tunnel and GTP tunnel, and it has the packet routing function between HA and SGSN function.
Fig. 4 B is an exemplary call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the mobile IPv 4 in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas.This call flow example shows the GPRS local user moves mobile IPv 4 [IS-835-C] in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas roaming sight.In this example, local gprs system is not supported HA, and therefore, MS and IIF have the shared secret that is used for mobile IP authentication.Local gprs system is dynamically given MS with IP address assignment.IIF and local gprs system are all passed through in the data service of all MS (come from MS and end at MS).IIF was mapped to the 3GPP station message recording with these records, and by RADIUS these records is forwarded to local gprs system from the accessed CDMA 2000 systems reception 3GPP2 station message recording.
MS sends SO 33 and sets up the PPP session with PDSN/FA.(step 1) has indicated the MS expectation to use mobile IP owing to ignore IP address configuration option during the PPP ipcp negotiation, so PDSN/FA sends to MS with one or more mobile IP agent bulletins.This agent advertisement comprises FA Care-of Address (FA COA:FA Care-of Address) and FA challenge (FAC:FA Challenge).(step 2)
MS sends to PDSN/FA with " mobile IP login request ".Information subsequently can be included in this register requirement: the NAI[RFC 2794 of MS] have form＜user name〉@＜domain name 〉, wherein domain name has been discerned the local gprs system of MS.Can calculate MS-HA authentication code [RFC2002] based on the secret of sharing between the content of register requirement and MS and the HA.Can calculate MS-AAA authentication code [RFC 3012] based on the secret of sharing between FAC and MS and the local aaa server.If MS uses permanent HA, just can the HA address field be set to given value; If perhaps MS wants to distribute new HA by local network, just can the HA address field be set to 0.0.0.0.Can the HA field be set to 0.0.0.0, with the new address of request by the HA distribution.Can be set to 1 by the T-bit, be established to the reverse tunnel of the HA of MS with request PDSN/FA.(step 3)
PDSN/FA generates " RADIUS inserts request ", and this access request has transmitted [IS-835] such as the NAI, FAC authentication code, FAC, HA address of MS.Because the domain name of the NAI of MS has been indicated gprs system, so PDSN/FA sends to IIF by the AAA in CDMA 2000 systems with " RADIUS inserts request ".IIF can make amendment to this message according to [3GPP TS 29.061].If (the step 4) authentication is successful, and local aaa server is made and being replied with " RADIUS inserts acceptance ".By IIF and accessed AAA this message route is returned PDSN.IIF can make amendment to this message according to [P.S0001-A V3.0].(step 5) PDSN/FA is forwarded to HA function among the IIF with " mobile IP login request ".MS-HA authentication code in the IIF check " mobile IP login request ".(step 6)
If authentication is successful, the GGSN in IIF SGSN function and the local gprs system sets up GTP tunnel, and can ask the IP address from GGSN.IIF SGSN function obtains an APN, and this APN has form:＜network ID〉.mnc＜MNC〉.mcc＜MCC〉.gprs[TS 23.003].＜network ID〉be the NAI range section of MS, indicate MS to want to insert which GGSN and obtained institute's requested service.Obtain＜MNC from the IMSI of MS and＜MCC 〉.Obtain NAI and the IMSI of MS in can " RADIUS inserts request " from step 4.The SGSN function uses the APN conduct that obtains to search name with inquiry GPRS dns server (not shown), and from wherein obtaining available GGSN tabulation, this available GGSN can be used to support requested service.IIF SGSN function will " be created the PDP Context request " and send to selected GGSN.The pdp address that is requested in this message is set to 0.0.0.0, with the IP address that please look for novelty.(step 7) GGSN makes and replying with " creating PDP Context replys " that comprise the new IP address of distributing to MS.(step 8) IIF sends to MS as HA and by PDSN/FA with " mobile IP registration answer ".Local address field in can " mobile IP registration answer " is set to the IP address allocated by GGSN.(step 9) PDSN sends and comprises 3GPP2 grouped data charge information [P.S0001-A V3.0] in interior " RADIUS account request (beginning) ".Because the domain name of the NAI of MS has been indicated gprs system, so by accessed AAA and IIF " RADIUS account request (beginning) " is routed to the local AAA in the gprs system.IIF can make amendment to this message according to [3GPP TS 29.061].(step 10) IIF makes answer as radius server and with " RADIUS account is replied (beginning) ".(step 11)
Bearer services is process IIF on both direction.For route is carried out in the grouping that comes from MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from mobile IP reverse tunnel is routed to the GTP tunnel (discerning by TEID) of MS.For route is carried out in the grouping that ends at MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from GTP tunnel is routed to HA-to-FA tunnel.Can use IPsec to protect mobile IP tunnel between PDSN/FA and the IIF and the GTP tunnel between IIF and the GGSN.(step 12)
IIF/AAA demand with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of mobile IP
Describe now and be used for IIF demand that " RADIUS inserts request " that be received from accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems handled.
Except calling-station-ID attribute, the ID of called station attribute and framework agreement (framedprotocol) attribute, IIF does not have all IETF radius attributes of modification ground agency.Hereinafter the processing to above-mentioned three kinds of attributes is described.If the calling-station-ID attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " that receive comprises IMSI, IIF copies to IMSI in the 3GPP-IMSI attribute [3GPP TS 29.061] so, and it is included in " RADIUS inserts request " of the local gprs system that mails to MS.IIF is not included in the calling-station-ID attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " that sends to local AAA in the gprs system.If the calling-station-ID attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " that receive comprises MIN or IRM, IIF is mapped to the IMSI that MS uses with it in local gprs system so, and it is included in the 3GPP-IMSI attribute of " RADIUS inserts request " of mailing to local gprs system.IIF is not included in the calling-station-ID attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " that sends to local AAA in the gprs system.
IIF is included in called station ID attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " of the local gprs system that sends to MS.The value field of the ID of called station attribute is set to APN (seeing the 8.3.4 joint).If comprise the framework agreement attribute in " RADIUS inserts request " that receives, IIF replaces with 7[3GPP TS 29.061 with value so].IIF removes all 3GPP2 VSA from " RADIUS inserts request " that receive.Except the 3GPP-IMSI attribute, IIF does not need any 3GPP2 VSA is included in being sent out in " RADIUS inserts request " of the local gprs system that mails to MS.
Describe now and be used for IIF demand that " RADIUS inserts acceptance " of the local gprs system that is received from MS handled.
IIF does not have all IETF radius attributes of modification ground agency.Before " RADIUS inserts acceptance " sent to accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems, IIF removed all 3GPP VSA from " RADIUS inserts acceptance " that receive.
If the strategy of local gprs system needs the data service of this roaming MS by the local gprs system of IIF process, and comprise HA-address VSA in being received from corresponding " RADIUS inserts request " of accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems before, IIF is included in reverse-tunnel-specification VSA in " RADIUS inserts acceptance " that be sent out of mailing to accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems so.The value field of this VSA is set to 1, and indication needs reverse tunnel.
The IIF demand that is used for processing " the RADIUS account request begins " and " during the request of chargeing (INTERIM) " is identical with the demand that is used for processing " RADIUS inserts request ".
It is identical with the demand that is used for processing " RADIUS inserts request " and have following additional demand to be used for handling the IIF demand of " the RADIUS account request stops ": if be set to " vacation " at " the RADIUS account request stops " session-continuation VSA that receives, if and do not receive " request () of chargeing " (for situation about switching between PDSN) before the IIF with mobile IP from another PDSN with identical ip addresses, IIF insertion 3GPP session stops indicator V SA so, stops with indication PDP session.
The outer ground mode of 2000 groups of data of CDMA with simple IP
Fig. 5 A is the example block diagram with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of simple IP.This joint has been described GPRS local user roaming sight of operation IPv4 or IPv6 in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas.Fig. 5 A also has been provided by the function and the control interface that are provided by interface 30 or " IIF " in this case.In this embodiment, local system 10 can be a gprs system, and wherein, the GPRS local user roams into CDMA 2000 block data systems and uses mobile IPv 4.Local system 10 comprises GSM Home Location Register 124, GGSN 126 and AAA entity 128.Accessed system 20 can be the CDMA2000 block data system, and these CDMA 2000 block data systems comprise ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor (ANSI-41 VLR) 111, AAA entity 116 and local system 109.
Interface 30 or " IIF " comprise ANSI-41 Home Location Register (ANSI-41 HLR) 131, GSM Visited Location Registor (GSM VLR) 133, SGSN 137, AAA entity 140 and LCS entity 139, wherein, by D interface 113 ANSI-41 Home Location Register 131 is connected to ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor 111, by D interface 121 GSM Visited Location Registor 133 is connected to GSM Home Location Register 124, by gp interface 127 SGSN 137 is connected to GGSN 126, by X4 interface 129 AAA entity 140 is connected to AAA entity 128 and by X3 interface 117 AAA entity 140 is connected to AAA entity 116, LCS entity 139 is connected to packet data serving node/LAC entity 109 by X2 interface 119.IIF provides GSM VLR and ANSI-41 HLR emulation, registers to allow the user.Can provide this interworking by the interface of reference number " D ".IIF provides LNS and SGSN emulation, connects to support the carrier between visited network and the local network by IIF.Can provide this interworking by the interface of reference number " X2 " and " Gn ".IIF provides AAA emulation, carries out alternately with the AAA that is used for L2TP authentication and the charging of 3GPP2 grouped data with visited network.IIF can also carry out with the AAA that is used for the charging of 3GPP grouped data of local network alternately.Can provide this interworking by the interface of reference number " X3 " and " X4 ".The IIF/AAA demand of the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas that is used to have simple IP hereinafter will be described in more detail.
If the carrier that does not need accessed CDMA 2000 packet data system to unify between the local gprs system connects, so just do not need X2 and gp interface.In this case, can will come from MS by the PDSN in the accessed system to be routed to the data service that ends at MS/from the internet.IIF needs interface X3 and X4 to come the AAA message between CDMA 2000 aaa servers and the GPRS aaa server is carried out interworking.
Therefore, for being belonged to the user who still roams into CDMA simple IP system in the gsm system, IIF can be provided to L2TP Network Server (the LNS:L2TP Network Server) interface of cdma system and arrives the SGSN interface of gsm system.The subclass that need comprise the SGSN function that APN resolves.IIF can be used as the end points of mobile L2TP Tunnel and GTP tunnel, and it has the packet routing function between LNS function and SGSN function.
Fig. 5 B is an exemplary call flow diagram, and this call flow illustrates the operation of the simple IP in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas.This call flow example has illustrated that the GPRS local user moves the roaming sight of simple IP in the ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas.In this example, the local AAA in MS and the gprs system has the shared secret that is used for chap authentication.Local gprs system is dynamically given MS with IP address assignment.The data service of all MS (come from MS and end at MS) is through IIF and local gprs system.IIF receives the 3GPP2 station message recording from accessed CDMA 2000 systems, these records is mapped to the 3GPP station message recording, and by RADIUS these records is forwarded to local gprs system.
The PPP LCP that MS sends SO 33 and startup and PDSN/LAC consults.CHAP can be held consultation as the agreement that is used for the PPP authentication.(step 1) PDSN/LAC sends to MS with the CHAP challenge.(step 2) MS answers with its NAI and challenge response, and this challenge response is based on this challenge and calculates with secret that local AAA in the gprs system shares.PDSN/LAC sends " RADIUS inserts request ".Because the domain name of the NAI of MS has been indicated gprs system, so the IIF of AAA that can " RADIUS inserts request " process is accessed and proxy message is routed to the local AAA in the gprs system.IIF can make amendment to this message according to [3GPP TS 29.061].If (the step 3) authentication is successful, and so local aaa server is made and being replied with " RADIUS inserts acceptance ".By IIF and accessed AAA this message route is returned PDSN/LAC.IIF inserts tunnel-server-endpoint attribute in " RADIUS inserts acceptance ".This attribute notice PDSN/LAC and IIF as LNS set up L2TP Tunnel.PDSN/LAC sends " CHAP success ", and MS has carried out successful authentication with notice.(step 4)
PDSN/LAC with set up L2TP Tunnel/session as the IIF of LNS.During L2TP Tunnel/session was set up, PDSN/LAC was forwarded to IIF with LCP information (exchanging) between MS and PDSN/LAC.IIF LNS function can be initiated CHAP challenge (not shown), before ipcp negotiation MS is authenticated.(GGSN in step 5) IIF SGSN function and the local gprs system sets up GTP tunnel, and can ask the IP address from GGSN.IIF obtains APN, and this APN has form:＜network ID〉.mnc＜MNC〉.mcc＜MCC〉.gprs.＜network ID〉be the NAI range section of MS and be used for instruct MS and want to insert which GGSN and obtain institute's requested service.Obtain＜MNC from the IMSI of MS and＜MCC 〉.Obtain NAI and the IMSI of MS in can " RADIUS inserts request " from step 3.IIF SGSN function uses resulting APN to inquire about GPRS dns server (not shown) as searching name, and obtains an available GGSN tabulation, and this available GGSN can be used to support requested service.The IIFSGSN function will " be created the PDP Context request " and send to selected GGSN.The pdp address that is requested in this message is set to 0.0.0.0, with the IP address that please look for novelty.(step 6) GGSN makes and replying with " creating PDP Context replys " that comprise the new IP address of distributing to MS.(step 7)
Can during the PPP ipcp negotiation between IIF and the MS, give MS with this new IP address assignment.(step 8) PDSN/FA sends " RADIUS account request (beginning) " that comprises 3GPP2 grouped data charge information [IS-835].PDSN sends " RADIUS account request (beginning) " that comprises 3GPP2 grouped data charge information [P.S0001-AV3.0].Because the domain name of the NAI of MS has been indicated gprs system, so by accessed AAA and IIF " RADIUS account request (beginning) " is routed to the local AAA in the gprs system.IIF can make amendment to this message according to [3GPP TS 29.061].(the local AAA of step 9) makes answer with " RADIUS account is replied (beginning) ", by IIF and accessed AAA " RADIUS account is replied (beginning) " route is returned PDSN.(step 10)
Bearer services is process IIF on both direction.For route is carried out in the grouping that comes from MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from L2TP Tunnel/session of MS is routed to the GTP tunnel (discerning by TEID) of MS.For route is carried out in the grouping that ends at MS, the grouping that IIF will be received from the GTP tunnel of MS is routed to L2TP Tunnel/session of MS.Can use IPsec to protect L2TP Tunnel/session between PDSN/LAC and the IIF and the GTP tunnel between IIF and the GGSN.(step 11)
IIF/AAA demand with outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas of simple IP
The IIF demand that is used for processing " RADIUS inserts request " is identical with the demand that is used to handle " RADIUS inserts request " of the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas with mobile IP as described above.
The IIF demand that is used for processing " RADIUS inserts acceptance " is similar with the demand that is used to handle " RADIUS inserts acceptance " of ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas with mobile IP, yet, if the strategy of local gprs system need be roamed the data service of MS by the local gprs system of IIF process, and do not comprise HA-address VSA in being received from corresponding " RADIUS inserts request " of accessed CDMA2000 block data system before, IIF is with tunnel-server-end points so, tunnel-type and tunnel-medium-type attribute inserts and mails in " RADIUS inserts acceptance " that be sent out of accessed CDMA 2000 block data systems.Tunnel-server-endpoint attribute has been indicated the IIF/LNS address.Tunnel-type attribute has been indicated L2TP.Tunnel-medium-type attribute has been indicated IPv4.
The demand of the IIF demand that is used for handling " the RADIUS account request begins " and " during the request of chargeing " and " the RADIUS account request begins " that is used to handle the outer ground mode of CDMA 2000 grouped datas with mobile IP as described above and " charging ask during " is identical.
The IIF demand that is used for processing " the RADIUS account request stops " is essentially identical with the demand that is used to handle " the RADIUS account request stops " of ground mode outside CDMA 2000 grouped datas with mobile IP, yet, if session-continuation VSA is set to " vacation " in " the RADIUS account request stops " that receives, and IP-technology VSA has indicated simple IP, IIF just inserts 3GPP session-stop-indicator V SA so, stops with indication PDP session.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, can use various technology and skill to come expression information and signal.For example, can represent data, instruction, order, information, signal, bit, symbol and the chip that relates in may the description on whole with voltage, electric current, electromagnetic wave, magnetic field or magnetic grain, light field or light grain or above combination in any.
Those skilled in the art be also to be understood that various illustrative logical block, module, circuit and the algorithm steps described in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two.For this interchangeability of hardware and software clearly is described, above mainly according to they functional descriptions various illustrative parts, piece, module, circuit and step.Functional to be embodied as hardware still be that software depends on concrete application and to the design constraint on the whole system with such.For each concrete application, those skilled in the art can realize described function by variety of way, but such implementation should be interpreted as broken away from scope of the present invention.
Can or be designed to carry out any combination with upper-part of function described herein with general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete door or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, realize or carry out in conjunction with the described various illustrative logical blocks of embodiment disclosed herein, module and circuit.General purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but alternatively, this processor can be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Also processor can be embodied as the combination of following calculating device, for example combination of DSP and microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessor, one or more microprocessors or any other such configuration of combining with DSP nuclear.
In the software model that the method for describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can be embodied directly in the hardware, carried out by processor or in the combination of the two.Software module can be resided in the storage medium of RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, removable dish, CD-ROM or any other form as known in the art.Exemplary storage medium is connected to processor, makes this processor and to write information to this storage medium from read information.Perhaps, storage medium can be integral to the processor together.This processor and storage medium may reside among the ASIC.This ASIC may reside in the user terminal.Perhaps, processor and storage medium can be used as discrete parts and are present in the user terminal.
Provide the previous description of disclosed embodiment, so that make any technical staff of this area can both realize or use the present invention.The various modifications of these embodiment will be obvious easily to one skilled in the art, and under the situation that does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, the General Principle that defines can be applied to other embodiment here.Therefore, the present invention is not the embodiment shown in wanting to be subject to here, but will meet the wide region consistent with principle disclosed herein and new feature.
Claims (38)
1. interface entities, when travelling carriage was just roaming into the GPRS visited network, this interface entities makes can carry out mobile IP communication between CDMA2000 local network and the described GPRS visited network, and this interface entities comprises:
The access control emulation module, it is definite user's who is associated with described travelling carriage identity and privilege safely;
Be coupled to the mobile agent emulation module of described access control emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, make described mobile agent emulation module and described access control emulation module to be offered described local network by first external interface, and
The gateway that is coupled to described mobile agent emulation module and described access control emulation module is supported emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, and makes and by second external interface described gateway is supported that emulation module offers described visited network.
2. interface entities as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Global system for mobile communications (GSM) home location register emulation module, it is coupled to described visited network by the 3rd external interface; And
ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor emulation module, its by all round portion's interface be coupled to ANSI-41 Home Location Register in the described local network.
3. interface entities as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described gateway supports that emulation module is Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) emulation module, it is coupled to Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) in the described visited network by described second external interface.
4. interface entities as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described GGSN emulation module is coupled to the Internet by the 5th external interface.
5. interface entities as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described GSM Home Location Register is coupled to described SGSN by described the 3rd external interface.
6. interface entities as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described access control emulation module is (AAA) emulation module that inserts, authorizes, charges, it is coupled to AAA entity in the described local network by the 6th external interface, wherein, described AAA emulation module is undertaken alternately chargeing billing function being provided to carry out mobile IP Foreign Agent challenge authentication and 3GPP2 grouped data by the AAA entity with described local network.
7. interface entities as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described mobile agent emulation module is the foreign agent emulation module by the coupling of the local agent in described first external interface and the described local network.
8. interface entities, when travelling carriage was just roaming into the GPRS visited network, this interface entities makes between CDMA2000 local network and the described GPRS visited network can carry out simple IP communication, and this interface entities comprises:
The access control emulation module, it is definite user's who is associated with described travelling carriage identity and privilege safely;
Be coupled to the link access control emulation module of described access control emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, make described link access control emulation module and described access control emulation module to be offered described local network by first external interface, and
The gateway that is coupled to described link access control emulation module and described access control emulation module is supported emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, and makes and by second external interface described gateway is supported that emulation module offers described visited network.
9. interface entities as claimed in claim 8 also comprises:
Global system for mobile communications (GSM) home location register emulation module, it is coupled to described visited network by the 3rd external interface, and wherein, described GSM Home Location Register allows the user to register by described the 3rd external interface; And
ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor emulation module, its by all round portion's interface be coupled to ANSI-41 Home Location Register in the described local network, wherein, described Visited Location Registor allow the user by described all round portion's interface register.
10. interface entities as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described gateway supports that emulation module is Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) emulation module, it is coupled to Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) in the described visited network by described second external interface.
11. interface entities as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described GGSN emulation module is coupled to the Internet by the 5th external interface.
12. interface entities as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described GSM Home Location Register by described all round portion's interface be coupled to described SGSN.
13. interface entities as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described access control emulation module is (AAA) emulation module that inserts, authorizes, charges, it is coupled to AAA entity in the described local network by the 6th external interface, wherein, described AAA emulation module is undertaken alternately chargeing billing function being provided to carry out L2TP authentication and 3GPP2 grouped data by the AAA entity with described local network.
14. interface entities as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described link access control emulation module is by be coupled down L2TP Network Server in the described local network of described first external interface, and wherein, described Link Access Control Sublayer is layer 2 a last sublayer, and is provided for correct transmission and transmits mechanism at the signaling message of layer 3 generation.
15. an interface entities, when travelling carriage was just roaming into the CDMA visited network, this interface entities makes can carry out mobile IP communication between GPRS local network and the described CDMA visited network, and this interface entities comprises:
The access control emulation module, it is definite user's who is associated with described travelling carriage identity and privilege safely;
Be coupled to the home agent emulation module of described access control emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, make described home agent emulation module and described access control emulation module to be offered described visited network by first external interface, and
Be coupled to the service support emulation module of described home agent emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, and makes by second external interface described service support emulation module to be offered described local network.
16. interface entities as claimed in claim 15 also comprises:
Global system for mobile communications (GSM) Visited Location Registor emulation module, it is coupled to described local network by the 3rd external interface; And
The ANSI-41 home location register emulation module, its by all round portion's interface be coupled to ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor in the described visited network.
17. interface entities as claimed in claim 16, wherein, described service support emulation module is Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) emulation module, and it is coupled to Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) in the described local network by described second external interface.
18. interface entities as claimed in claim 16, wherein, described GSM Visited Location Registor is coupled to GSM Home Location Register in the described local network by described the 3rd external interface.
19. interface entities as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described access control emulation module is (AAA) emulation module that inserts, authorizes, charges, and it is coupled to the AAA entity in the described local network and is coupled to AAA entity in the described visited network by the 6th external interface by the 5th external interface.
20. interface entities as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described home agent emulation module is coupled to packet data serving node (PSDN)/Foreign Agent in the described visited network by described first external interface.
21. an interface entities, when travelling carriage was just roaming into the CDMA visited network, this interface entities makes between GPRS local network and the described CDMA visited network can carry out simple IP communication, and this interface entities comprises:
The access control emulation module, it is definite user's who is associated with described travelling carriage identity and privilege safely;
Be coupled to L2TP Network Server (LNS) emulation module of described access control emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, make described LNS emulation module and described access control emulation module to be offered described visited network by first external interface, and
Be coupled to the service support emulation module of described LNS emulation module, it supports the carrier between described visited network and the described local network to connect, and makes by second external interface described service support emulation module to be offered described local network.
22. interface entities as claimed in claim 21 also comprises:
Global system for mobile communications (GSM) Visited Location Registor emulation module, it is coupled to described local network by the 3rd external interface; And
The ANSI-41 home location register emulation module, its by all round portion's interface be coupled to ANSI-41 Visited Location Registor in the described visited network.
23. interface entities as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described service support emulation module is Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) emulation module, and it is coupled to Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) in the described local network by described second external interface.
24. interface entities as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described GSM Visited Location Registor is coupled to GSM Home Location Register in the described local network by described the 3rd external interface.
25. interface entities as claimed in claim 21, wherein, described access control emulation module is (AAA) emulation module that inserts, authorizes, charges, and it is coupled to the AAA entity in the described local network and is coupled to AAA entity in the described visited network by the 6th external interface by the 5th external interface.
26. interface entities as claimed in claim 21, wherein, described LNS emulation module is coupled to packet data serving node (PSDN)/link access control in the described visited network by described first external interface.
27. one kind is used for initiating mobile IP method for communicating when travelling carriage is just roaming into the GPRS visited network between CDMA2000 local network and described GPRS visited network, comprises:
Initiate and the communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network;
Send one or more mobile IP agent bulletins to described travelling carriage;
Receive mobile IP login request from described travelling carriage;
Authenticate with described local network;
Sending mobile IP registration to described travelling carriage answers; And
Upgrade the PDP Context request with described travelling carriage and reply.
28. method as claimed in claim 27 wherein, is initiated to comprise with communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network:
Be used for the request that GPRS is additional and authenticate from the travelling carriage reception;
Receive the request of activation PDP Context from Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN), be used for the PDP Context of described travelling carriage with foundation; And
Sending the establishment PDP Context to described SGSN replys.
29. method as claimed in claim 27 wherein, authenticates with described local network and to comprise:
Send RADIUS to (AAA) entity that inserts, authorizes, charges and insert request;
Receive RADIUS from described AAA entity and insert acceptance;
Send mobile IP login request to local agent;
Receiving mobile IP registration from described local agent answers; And
Described AAA entity on described local network is initiated RADIUS account.
30. one kind is used for initiating mobile IP communicating devices when travelling carriage is just roaming into the GPRS visited network between CDMA2000 local network and described GPRS visited network, comprises:
By the module of communicating by letter of described visited network initiation with described travelling carriage;
Send the module of one or more mobile IP agent bulletins to described travelling carriage;
Receive the module of mobile IP login request from described travelling carriage;
The module that authenticates with described local network;
Send the module that mobile IP registration is answered to described travelling carriage; And
The module of upgrading the PDP Context request and replying with described travelling carriage.
31. device as claimed in claim 30 wherein, initiates to comprise with the module of communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network:
Receive the module of the request be used for the additional and authentication of GPRS from travelling carriage;
Receive the request of activation PDP Context from Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN), be used for the module of the PDP Context of described travelling carriage with foundation; And
Send the module that the establishment PDP Context is replied to described SGSN.
32. device as claimed in claim 30, wherein, the module that authenticates with described local network comprises:
(AAA) entity sends the module that RADIUS inserts request to inserting, authorize, chargeing;
Receive RADIUS from described AAA entity and insert the module of accepting;
Send the module of mobile IP login request to local agent;
Receive the module that mobile IP registration is answered from described local agent; And
Described AAA entity on described local network is initiated the module of RADIUS account.
33. one kind is used for initiating the simple IP method for communicating when travelling carriage is just roaming into the GPRS visited network between CDMA2000 local network and described GPRS visited network, comprises:
Initiate and the communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network;
Carrying out PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol)/LCP (LCP) with described travelling carriage consults;
Set up L2TP Tunnel with the LNS in the described local network;
Upgrade the PDP Context request with described travelling carriage and reply; And
Initiate RADIUS account to described local network.
34. method as claimed in claim 33 wherein, is initiated to comprise with communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network:
Be used for the request that GPRS is additional and authenticate from the travelling carriage reception;
Receive the request of activation PDP Context from Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN), be used for the PDP Context of described travelling carriage with foundation; And
Sending the establishment PDP Context to described SGSN replys.
35. method as claimed in claim 33 wherein, is initiated RADIUS account and is comprised:
(AAA) entity sends the RADIUS account request to inserting, authorize, chargeing; And
Receiving RADIUS account from described AAA entity accepts.
36. one kind is used for initiating the simple IP communicating devices when travelling carriage is just roaming into the GPRS visited network between CDMA2000 local network and described GPRS visited network, comprises:
By the module of communicating by letter of described visited network initiation with described travelling carriage;
Carry out the module that PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol)/LCP (LCP) is consulted with described travelling carriage;
Set up the module of L2TP Tunnel with the LNS in the described local network;
The module of upgrading the PDP Context request and replying with described travelling carriage; And
Initiate the module of RADIUS account to described local network.
37. device as claimed in claim 36 wherein, initiates to comprise with the module of communicating by letter of described travelling carriage by described visited network:
Receive the module of the request be used for the additional and authentication of GPRS from travelling carriage;
Receive the request of activation PDP Context from Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN), be used for the module of the PDP Context of described travelling carriage with foundation; And
Send the module that the establishment PDP Context is replied to described SGSN.
38. device as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the module of initiating RADIUS account comprises:
Send the module of RADIUS account request to (AAA) entity that inserts, authorizes, charges; And
Receive the module that RADIUS account is accepted from described AAA entity.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52655703P | 2003-12-03 | 2003-12-03 | |
| US60/526,557 | 2003-12-03 | ||
| US10/996,425 US7675885B2 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-23 | Methods and apparatus for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming |
| US10/996,425 | 2004-11-23 | ||
| PCT/US2004/040430 WO2005057980A1 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Methods and apparatuses for cdma2000/gprs roaming |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1918934A CN1918934A (en) | 2007-02-21 |
| CN1918934B true CN1918934B (en) | 2011-01-19 |
Family
ID=37579220
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800408759A Expired - Fee Related CN1918934B (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming |
| CN2004800362261A Expired - Fee Related CN1890994B (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800362261A Expired - Fee Related CN1890994B (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN1918934B (en) |
| TW (2) | TWI366998B (en) |
| UA (2) | UA86046C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101222319B (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2010-05-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cryptographic key distribution method and system in mobile communication system |
| CN101312591B (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2011-08-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for authentication device to acquire security parameter related to home proxy |
| CN101431753B (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-11-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protection method and apparatus for mobile IPv6 fast switching |
| US9432211B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2016-08-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Content delivery session accounting for access/network service provider |
| CN103179544B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Mobile data international roaming user access method and the network equipment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143441A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1997-02-19 | Ntt移动通信网株式会社 | Roaming mobile communication system and its method |
| US5862481A (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1999-01-19 | Northern Telecom Limited | Inter-technology roaming proxy |
| US20030114155A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-19 | Nikhil Jain | Method and system for GSM mobile station roaming to IS-41 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000079827A1 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2000-12-28 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Method and system for providing telecommunication services across networks that use different protocols |
| EP1137300A1 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-26 | Alcatel | Transmission of location information of a mobile station in a gprs/internet environment |
-
2004
- 2004-12-03 UA UAA200607293A patent/UA86046C2/en unknown
- 2004-12-03 CN CN2004800408759A patent/CN1918934B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-03 TW TW093137568A patent/TWI366998B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-03 UA UAA200607296A patent/UA85399C2/en unknown
- 2004-12-03 CN CN2004800362261A patent/CN1890994B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-03 TW TW93137557A patent/TWI390876B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143441A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1997-02-19 | Ntt移动通信网株式会社 | Roaming mobile communication system and its method |
| US5862481A (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1999-01-19 | Northern Telecom Limited | Inter-technology roaming proxy |
| US20030114155A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-19 | Nikhil Jain | Method and system for GSM mobile station roaming to IS-41 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1890994A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| TW200541360A (en) | 2005-12-16 |
| CN1918934A (en) | 2007-02-21 |
| TWI390876B (en) | 2013-03-21 |
| UA86046C2 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
| CN1890994B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
| UA85399C2 (en) | 2009-01-26 |
| TW200541245A (en) | 2005-12-16 |
| TWI366998B (en) | 2012-06-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8249021B2 (en) | Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming | |
| US7773554B2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming | |
| EP1752012B1 (en) | Method for roaming between networks | |
| CN1918934B (en) | Methods and apparatuses for CDMA2000/GPRS roaming | |
| EP2161897A1 (en) | A method for IP address assignment for access to IP services via WiMAX or 3GPP access network |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1097388 Country of ref document: HK |
|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1097388 Country of ref document: HK |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110119 Termination date: 20161203 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |