CN1890968B - 双向网络中具有即兴购买能力的广播有条件访问系统 - Google Patents

双向网络中具有即兴购买能力的广播有条件访问系统 Download PDF

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CN1890968B
CN1890968B CN2004800364093A CN200480036409A CN1890968B CN 1890968 B CN1890968 B CN 1890968B CN 2004800364093 A CN2004800364093 A CN 2004800364093A CN 200480036409 A CN200480036409 A CN 200480036409A CN 1890968 B CN1890968 B CN 1890968B
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大卫·杰伊·迪菲尔德
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于保护来自有条件访问网络广播系统的即兴节目购买的装置和方法。本发明包括向位于顾客的节目收听与观看系统处的具有安全性模块的机顶盒提供节目代码。希望进行即兴购买的顾客传输请求到广播系统。在本发明的实施例中，来自顾客的访问设备的消息向广播系统的头端器发送以指示所需的购买。响应于接收到即兴购买信号，头端器创建和发送授权代码，授权代码随后授权机顶盒在接收到即兴购买的节目时对其解码。即兴购买的节目的授权代码只被发送到实际购买节目的机顶盒，这与现有技术系统不同，在现有技术系统中，即兴购买的解密代码在事件被购买之前被预加载到安全性模块中。本发明还生成计费记录所需的数据并将数据发送到计费中心。

Description

双向网络中具有即兴购买能力的广播有条件访问系统
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及用于提供有条件访问多媒体节目的多信道视频节目分发器(MVPD)系统的方法和装置。
背景技术
订户广播系统一部分包括从其广播服务提供者节目的头端器(headend)以及用于接收所选择的节目的机顶盒，其最终目的是收听和观看节目。一般来说，事件是基于按月预订、基于按观看付费(pay-per-view)广播节目以及在某些情况下基于即兴购买(impulse purchase)而被广播并且随后被观看的，在所述即兴购买中，顾客在即将要广播节目之时决定观看节目。当前的即兴购买系统在购买之前将访问密钥存储在位于机顶盒中的安全性模块中，其可以对顾客可能希望购买的所有服务进行解码。如果顾客进行了购买，则安全性模块存储购买记录，并且使用它先前(通常是在按月预订开始时)获取的密钥来允许顾客观看所请求的节目。然后，安全性模块创建与计费中心的双向通信信道，并且将计费信息发送回服务提供者。
图1所示的现有技术示出了利用头端器和机顶盒的典型有条件访问系统。美国专利6,510,519也提供了对典型有条件访问系统的完整描述。机顶盒一般包括调谐器、解调器、解码器、传输多路分解器、微处理器、节目存储器、视频图片存储器、MPEG视频解码器、显示器和智能卡。出于安全目的，大多数数字广播系统数据流都被编码或加扰。订户接收权利控制消息，该消息包括控制字，机顶盒需要对其进行解密，以形成允许经编码的音频和视频信号被组装以便使用的解扰密钥。解密控制字由被编程到顾客的机顶盒中的算法所处理。一般来说，56位的解扰密钥随后被存储在传输寄存器中，以便进行进一步的数据解密和解扰。一旦发生了解扰，系统一般就根据MPEG-2标准在存储器中构建视频合成图片，并且将所需的图片显示在显示器上。除了对节目进行解扰外，一般还提供进一步的授权，以确保已经使特定机顶盒能够接收一个节目或一组节目。
对观看某些节目的授权可以与节目一起被发送或者经由单独的通信信道被发送到机顶盒，所述单独的通信信道例如是带外RF链路。例如，授权信息可以包括服务的密钥以及关于订户被授权收听和观看服务中的什么节目的指示。如果授权信息指示订户被授权观看节目，则控制字生成器利用解密密钥和发送的信息一起来生成控制字。
当发生对节目的预订购买时，服务提供者向属于订户的机顶盒发送授权代码，以便执行所需的后续解密。此数据构成了授权信息，它被存储在安全性模块中。
采用了各种技术来对节目内容和相关联的权利管理消息进行加扰。但是，现有的广播系统并不依赖于从顾客设备(一般是机顶盒)到广播头端器的用于即兴购买授权代码的双向通信信道。双向通信的缺乏提供了弱点，使得黑客有机会窃取节目。当前的即兴购买系统将解密密钥存储在顾客的机顶盒的安全性模块中，这些安全性模块随后对顾客可能购买的服务进行解码。如果顾客进行已被预编程到安全性模块中的购买之一，则安全性模块一般存储购买记录并使用它已经拥有的解密密钥来允许顾客观看所购买的主题。然后，安全性模块可以被配置为创建与计费中心的双向通信信道，从而可以将计费信息发送回服务提供者。如果黑客能够转移来自安全性模块的信号并且对解密密钥进行解码，则黑客就可能在不付费的情况下获得节目和其他服务。此外，如果黑客能够购买节目，并且在购买记录被发送到计费点之前清除它，则用户也可以避免付费。
发明内容
一种受保护的网络，包括位于头端器中的权利管理消息(EMM)生成器，其被用来向位于相关联的顾客音频与观看系统所在位置处的具有安全性模块的机顶盒提供节目代码。当顾客进行即兴购买时，在优选实施例中，顾客传输选择到机顶盒，机顶盒使指示所需购买的消息被发送到头端器。响应于接收到即兴购买信号，头端器创建发送解密代码的消息，例如EMM，所述解密代码随后授权机顶盒在接收到即兴购买的节目时对其进行解码。响应于所下的定单，头端器还生成计费记录，并将计费记录发送到计费中心。给定的即兴购买的节目的授权代码只被发送到实际购买节目的机顶盒，这与现有技术系统不同，在现有技术系统中，即兴购买的授权代码在事件被购买之前被预加载到安全性模块中。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种访问设备，其包括：用于接收即兴节目的装置；用于指示所需的即兴购买的装置；用于传输所需的即兴购买的装置；用于接收响应于指示即兴购买的消息的授权并存储对购买的节目特定的授权代码的装置。本发明还生成计费记录所需的数据并将该数据发送到计费中心。
这里所公开的发明包括一种向即兴购买者提供用于购买节目的安全装置的方法包括以下步骤：利用用于接收节目的装置进行即兴购买；从位于用于接收节目的装置中的安全性装置向头端器装置发送指示所需的购买的消息，所述头端器装置用于通过权利管理消息控制在提供节目时使用的数据的发送和接收；生成计费记录；寻址对所购买的节目特定的解密装置；最后，将所述解密装置发送到安全性模块所在的设备。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种访问设备，其包括：用于向服务提供者传输即兴购买选择的装置；用于接收由所述服务提供者响应于所述即兴购买选择而发送的对所述即兴购买选择特定的授权密钥的装置，所述授权密钥在所述即兴购买选择之前未被预先存储在所述访问设备中；用于接收与所述即兴购买选择相关联的节目的装置；以及利用所述授权密钥处理接收到的节目的装置。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种访问设备，其包括：用于指示所需的即兴购买选择的装置；用于向服务提供者传输所需即兴购买选择的装置；用于接收发送到所述访问设备且对所需即兴购买选择特定的授权密钥的装置，所述授权密钥在所述即兴购买选择之前未被预先存储在所述访问设备中；用于接收与所述即兴购买选择相关联的所需节目的装置；用于利用所述授权密钥处理接收到的节目的装置。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种访问设备，其包括：调谐与通信单元，用于发送即兴购买消息，并且接收由服务提供者响应于所述即兴购买消息的发送而发送的与即兴购买节目相关联的、对即兴购买选择特定的授权密钥，所述授权密钥在所述即兴购买选择之前未被预先存储在所述访问设备中；控制器与解码器单元，其响应于所述授权密钥将数字节目格式化为视频显示。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种提供用于购买即兴购买节目的安全装置的方法，其包括以下步骤：向服务提供者装置传输指示即兴购买选择的消息；接收由所述服务提供者装置响应于所传输的消息而发送的对即兴购买节目特定的授权信息，所述授权密钥在所述即兴购买选择之前未被预先存储在访问设备中；接收所述即兴购买节目；响应于所述授权信息而处理所述即兴购买节目。
这里所公开的发明涉及一种提供用于购买即兴购买节目的安全装置的方法，其包括以下步骤：通过访问设备选择所需的即兴购买节目；所述访问设备将所需即兴购买节目选择传输到服务提供者；所述服务提供者通过发送与所需即兴购买节目唯一关联的授权代码来对所传输的即兴购买节目选择作出响应，所述授权代码在所述即兴购买节目选择之前未被预先存储在所述访问设备中；所述访问设备将与所需即兴购买节目相关联的所述授权代码存储到安全性模块中；所述服务提供者发送具有权利代码的即兴购买节目，所述权利代码与存储在所述安全性模块中的授权代码相关联；所述访问设备对所述权利代码进行解码；以及所述访问设备将所述权利代码与存储在所述安全性模块中的授权代码相比较，以允许观看所述即兴购买节目。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读以下详细描述时，可以最好地理解本发明。附图的各种特征并没有被穷尽性说明。相反，为了清晰，可以任意扩展或简化各种特征。附图中包括下面的图：
图1是有条件访问系统的现有技术的框图。
图2是用于保护即兴购买节目的发明的框图。
图3是保护即兴购买节目的方法。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的现有技术概括了提供多媒体节目的服务提供者105系统。出于安全目的，即为了确保只有经授权的订户才能够观看所发送的节目，大多数数字广播系统数据流都被加密或加扰。
在基于订户的数字广播系统中，顾客接收权利管理消息(EMM)，该消息包含生成控制字所需的信息，其中控制字是允许对数字视频和音频数据进行解扰和组装所需要的。解密控制字由编程在机顶盒115(一般是智能卡)中的算法所处理，所述算法生成N位解扰密钥。当前的系统一般使用56位大小的密钥。56位密钥随后被存储在传输寄存器中，以便进行进一步的节目数据解扰。一旦发生解扰，系统一般就根据MPEG-2标准在存储器中构建视频合成图片，并且将所需的图片显示在显示器上。
数字广播系统编码是通过将权利控制字116作为包含输入数据形式的解密规格的分组进行发送和接收来实现的。当服务提供者广播节目时，它对节目内容111加扰。
机顶盒115确定经加扰的节目111是否应当被解扰。如果基于授权代码确定该节目是顾客已购买的节目，则机顶盒115着手对节目进行解扰并且使其可用于观看。机顶盒115包括解扰器117，该解扰器117用控制字119作为密钥来对经加扰的节目111进行解扰。控制字119是由控制字生成器131从包含在权利控制消息109中的信息以及来自存储在机顶盒115中的授权信息123的信息产生的。
例如，授权信息123可以包括服务密钥以及关于订户被授权观看服务中的什么节目的指示。如果授权信息123指示订户被授权观看经加扰的节目111，则控制字生成器131利用解密密钥以及来自ECM 109的信息一起来生成控制字119。对于每个新的ECM 109，生成一个新的控制字119。
特定机顶盒115中使用的授权信息是从寻址到机顶盒115的一个或多个EMM 113获得的。当发生对节目的购买时，服务提供者根据需要向属于订户的机顶盒115发送关于授权(123)解扰的EMM 113。此外，权利管理消息EMM 113以与节目111交错的形式被发送到机顶盒115，或者它们可以通过单独的信道127被发送到机顶盒115，机顶盒115将来自权利管理消息EMM 113的信息存储在包含授权信息123的安全性模块133中。
参考图2，这里所公开的发明涉及一种访问设备，其包括：用于接收节目的装置215；用于指示所需的即兴购买的装置240；用于传输所需的即兴购买的装置245；用于向机顶盒发送允许所需的即兴购买被观看的代码的装置213。该系统还可以包含用于生成计费记录数据的装置238，并且将这种数据发送到用于生成计费记录的装置260。
更具体而言，当服务提供者广播节目时，它对内容211加扰。机顶盒提供了用于接收即兴购买的发送(包括对它的经加扰形式的接收)、解扰并且提供可以被顾客观看和收听的数字信号的装置。更具体而言，经加扰的节目内容211包含视频和音频数据，以及各种控制消息，例如ECM209。权利控制消息209包含充当解扰代码的控制字216，从而与其相关的节目211的经加扰的部分可以被解扰，然后以顾客在接收到后能够观看的方式被组装。
机顶盒215对如上所述的包括广播节目的受保护的数字数据流229进行解码。机顶盒215确定经加扰的节目211是否应当被解扰。如果基于授权代码确定该节目是顾客已购买的节目，则机顶盒215着手对节目进行解扰并且使其可用于观看。机顶盒215包括解扰器217，该解扰器用控制字219作为密钥来对经加扰的节目211进行解扰。控制字219是由控制字生成器231从权利控制消息209中包含的信息以及来自存储在机顶盒215中的授权信息223的信息产生的。
与控制字216相关联的经加扰的数据和ECM 209随后被接收器215接收，该接收器215具有用于生成代表N位解扰密钥的控制字216以对所发送的数字数据进行解码的装置(一般在插入到接收器中的智能卡上)。
如现有技术描述中指出的，授权信息223可以包括服务密钥和关于订户被授权观看服务内的什么节目的指示。如果授权信息223指示订户被授权观看经加扰的节目211的节目，则控制字生成器231利用解密密钥和来自ECM 209的信息一起生成控制字219。这里的发明与现有技术的不同之处在于授权信息没有被预加载到机顶盒215中，而是取决于对所需的即兴购买的请求和用于传输所需的即兴购买的响应装置245。
在现有技术中，授权信息早在任何被选择的即兴节目之前就被发送(“预加载”)。在这里公开的发明中，在接收到通过发送器装置245和接收器装置250传输的所需的即兴购买240后，头端器通过向安全性模块233发送授权信息227来作出响应，其中授权信息被存储在存储器223中。传输授权信息227的一种方式是通过EMM 213，其可以以与节目211交错的形式被发送到机顶盒215，或者通过单独的信道227(例如利用带外频率或通信网络)被发送到机顶盒215，机顶盒215将来自权利管理消息EMM 213的信息存储在安全性模块233的存储器223中。
这里公开的用于传输和接收节目的装置包括用于生成计费记录260的装置。此外，账单最终通过双向通信信道被发送到计费中心270。
参考图3，向即兴购买者提供用于购买节目的安全装置的方法包括：选择所需的即兴购买节目(301)，将所需即兴购买节目选择传输到服务提供者(310)，通过发送与所需即兴购买节目和给定接收者唯一关联的代码对所需即兴购买节目作出响应(320)，将与所需即兴购买节目相关联的代码存储在安全性模块中(330)；发送具有与存储在安全性模块中的代码相关联的权利代码的节目(340)；对权利代码解码(350)；如果权利代码与存储在安全性模块中的代码相比不利于允许观看节目(360)；则指示观看未被授权(380)；如果权利代码是有利于的，则对要观看的节目视频进行解码和组装(370)；并且显示视频(390)。
要理解，所示出的本发明的形式只是优选实施例。对于部件的功能和布置可以做出各种改变；可以用等同装置来替换所示出和描述的那些装置；并且某些特征可以独立于其他特征使用，而不会脱离权利要求所限定本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种提供用于购买即兴购买节目的安全装置的方法，包括以下步骤：
通过访问设备选择所需的即兴购买节目；
所述访问设备将所需即兴购买节目选择传输到服务提供者；
所述服务提供者通过发送与所需即兴购买节目唯一关联的授权代码来对所传输的即兴购买节目选择作出响应，所述授权代码在所述即兴购买节目选择之前未被预先存储在所述访问设备中；
所述访问设备将与所需即兴购买节目相关联的所述授权代码存储到安全性模块中；
所述服务提供者发送具有权利代码的即兴购买节目，所述权利代码与存储在所述安全性模块中的授权代码相关联；
所述访问设备对所述权利代码进行解码；以及
所述访问设备将所述权利代码与存储在所述安全性模块中的授权代码相比较，以允许观看所述即兴购买节目。
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