CN1723475A - Managing system for working machine and working machine - Google Patents
Managing system for working machine and working machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1723475A CN1723475A CN 200480001983 CN200480001983A CN1723475A CN 1723475 A CN1723475 A CN 1723475A CN 200480001983 CN200480001983 CN 200480001983 CN 200480001983 A CN200480001983 A CN 200480001983A CN 1723475 A CN1723475 A CN 1723475A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/08—Insurance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
Abstract
A managing system for a working machine, wherein when the user (3) of the working machine (1) obtain a loan from a bank (2) on the security of the working machine (1), a server (10) functions for the bank (2) to predict the risk of debt and easily attach the working machine (1). The server (10) collects information on the operation of the working machine from the working machine (1) through a satellite communication network, and transmits the information to a bank terminal (20). Based on the information on operation, the bank terminal (20) determines the risk of the debt, and when the risk is high, sends a warning emitting instruction to the server (10). The server (10) emits warning to the working machine (1) and the user (3) to prompt them to improve management. When the determined risk is very high, the bank terminal (20) sends a lock instruction to the server (10). The server (10) sends the lock instruction to the working machine (1). In response to the lock instruction, the working machine (1) locks itself not to be operated even if operated by an operator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the management system of the Work machine of building machinery, haulage vehicle etc.
Background technology
The management system of the known operational situation that Work machines such as a plurality of building machineries that concentrated area management is in various places or haulage vehicle are arranged (for example: patent documentation 1).In this management system, each Work machine is equipped with various sensors, generates the service data (as: data of the coolant water temperature of the duration of runs, engine revolution, battery tension, engine, the surplus of fuel etc.) of this Work machine according to the detecting signal from these sensors.The service data of these Work machines is collected in the server by the computer network that comprises wireless communication networks.The service data of server stores Work machine, and automatically offer the user terminal of service data by described computer network.
Patent documentation 1: the Jap.P. spy opens the 2002-91547 communique
In the past, when buying the Work machine of building machinery or haulage vehicle etc., the user raised the purchase funds by the financing that bank etc. locates.Bought the user of Work machine,, for example must give back the amount of money of regulation in every month for bank loan.But, use the industry of such Work machine, owing to be subjected to the considerable influence of social situations, so according to the difference of the economic situation of society, the situation that exists user side's operation itself to be beset with a crisis sometimes.Therefore, as the bank aspect, be preferably in Work machine as guarantee time, the refund situation of leading subscriber when the user is absorbed in the state that can't refund because of failure in operation, can be detained Work machine effectively.But not when the financing of giving the user has become bad debt, the obligee can detain the technical solution as the Work machine of guarantee effectively in the past.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the management system and the Work machine of the Work machine that is easy to suitably dispose for Work machine obligee as guarantee.
According to one aspect of the present invention, but and the system that is used for the operational situation of management operations machinery have Work machine and management devices by the wireless communication networks mutual communication.Work machine has: receive from the signal of the sensor of the regulation in the Work machine and generate the operation information generation unit of operation information; Can send the operation information that the operation information generation unit generates with the management devices mutual communication and to management devices by wireless communication networks, and, from the communicator of management devices reception steering order; In response to by the steering order that communicator received, and the control action unit of the control action of stipulating.Management devices has: can receive operation information with the Work machine mutual communication and from Work machine by wireless communication networks, and, to the communication control unit of Work machine sending controling instruction; Store the database of the operation information that communication control unit received; Be stored in the operation information of database by analysis, whether the operational situation of judging Work machine in-problem operational situation identifying unit; Send the steering order generating unit of steering order in response to the operational situation identifying unit.
In suitable embodiment, in operation information, comprise the information duration of runs of the duration of runs of representing Work machine.In addition, the operational situation identifying unit of management devices is analyzed the information duration of runs by the operating condition that adopts regulation, the numerical value of the volume of traffic of interior expression Work machine during the computational rules, by whether judging this numerical value, judge whether operational situation has problems less than defined threshold.
In suitable embodiment, the operational situation identifying unit of management devices calculates a plurality of indexs that are weighted from the duration of runs the information, calculates described numerical value according to these a plurality of indexs that are weighted.
In suitable embodiment, the steering order generating unit of management devices has the alarm issue unit, and this alarm issue unit gives the alarm as described steering order when having problems in the operational situation having judged by the operational situation identifying unit.In addition, the control action unit of Work machine has the display unit that shows this alarm in response to described alarm.
In suitable embodiment, the steering order generating unit of management devices has the lock instruction unit, and this lock instruction unit sends lock instruction as described steering order when having judged the operational situation existing problems by the operational situation identifying unit.In addition, the control action unit of Work machine has the operated from a distance lock cell, this operated from a distance lock cell is set the operated from a distance locking that can not carry out or limit the action that can carry out as the action that makes Work machine in response to described lock instruction in Work machine.
In suitable embodiment, the lock instruction unit of management devices, when having judged the operational situation existing problems by the operational situation identifying unit, whether the electricity consumption submode locks the judgement of Work machine to the person's of having the right request of regulation, in response to the electronic information of expression, and send lock instruction from the person's of having the right judgement.
In suitable embodiment, Work machine also has lock controller, and this lock controller is removed the operated from a distance locking in response to the input of the administrator's password of regulation.This lock controller in response to the input of the user cipher of stipulating, is set the manual locking that can not carry out or limit the action that can carry out as the action that makes Work machine in Work machine (1).And then this lock controller is not only removed the operated from a distance locking in response to the input of administrator's password, also removes manual locking.
In suitable embodiment, management devices can send the latch-release instruction to operating machine, and the operated from a distance lock cell of Work machine is removed the operated from a distance locking in response to the latch-release instruction.
In suitable embodiment, Work machine also has the current location that detects Work machine, and sends the positional information unit of the positional information of this current location of expression to management devices.Management devices also has the operating area monitor unit, and this operating area monitor unit according to the positional information from Work machine, judges whether Work machine has gone out the operating area of regulation in response to the operational situation identifying unit.In addition, the steering order generating unit of management devices determining Work machine by the operating area monitor unit when having gone out the operating area of regulation, sends lock instruction as described steering order, and the locking Work machine.
According to another aspect of the present invention, and have by the Work machine of long-range management devices management operational situation: receive from the signal of the sensor of the regulation in the Work machine and generate the operation information generation unit of operation information; By wireless communication networks can with the management devices mutual communication, send operation information that generates by the operation information generation unit and the communicator that receives steering order from management devices to management devices; The control action unit of the control action of stipulating in response to the steering order that receives by communicator.
According to the present invention, management devices can be grasped the operational situation of long-range Work machine, judges whether the operational situation of Work machine has problems, and sends and the indication of judged result control corresponding to Work machine, makes the control action of stipulating at Work machine.The obligee who Work machine is born security right can infer the degree of bad debt risk by utilizing management devices, can correspondingly carry out suitable control action at Work machine with the size of risk.As control action, for example demonstration by Work machine is warned can supervise the user of Work machine to make great efforts to reduce risks.In addition, as control action, for example, make and detain Work machine and become easy by the locking Work machine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the mode chart of simple structure of the management system of the expression Work machine relevant with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a calcspar of typically representing Work machine.
Fig. 3 is the calcspar of the functional structure of expression server 10.
Fig. 4 is the calcspar that explanation is used to lock the structure example of Work machine 1.
Fig. 5 is the calcspar of the functional structure of expression banking terminal 20.
Fig. 6 is the figure that expression is shown in the example of this running figure historical record in the display device.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the example of expression alarm index table.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the example of expression weighting table.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the example of expression user information table.
Figure 10 is the figure of the example of expression Work machine control table.
Figure 11 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression management system.
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram of expression processing variation shown in Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the calcspar of structure of the Work machine 1 of the expression locking that is used for removing at the scene Work machine 1.
Symbol description
1 ... Work machine 2 ... bank 3 ... the user
4 ... sale agent shop 7 ... communication network 10 ... server
11 ... counter 20 ... banking terminal 30 ... user terminal
48 ... alarm is sent and is handled 54 ... display device 60 ... the operational situation determination processing
63 ... the Work machine limit decision is handled X ... days of operation
Y ... stop fate Z continuously ... running rate
Embodiment
Below, an embodiment of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the mode chart of simple formation of the management system of the expression Work machine relevant with present embodiment.
The management system of present embodiment is can make to provide the operational situation of 2 pairs of user's 3 employed Work machines 1 of bank (keeper) of financing automatically to manage to the client, and can make bank 2 infer the system of user 3 cause situation thus.User 3 for this bank 2, fulfils the refund obligation of for example every moon dial deposit volume 4 when buying Work machines 1, serve as to assure the financing of accepting bank 2 with Work machine 1 from the sale agent shop.According to this management system, bank 2 is by the operation information of management operations machinery 1, whether the cause that can check the user 3 who uses Work machine 1 is prosperous, its result, when the loan repayment capacity of judging user 3 significantly descends, can send request to user 3 and improve the alarm of managing, if need, for ease of detaining of Work machine 1, can adopt operated from a distance to lock Work machine 1 (that is: making it can not move or limit and to move) forcibly.
As shown in Figure 1, this management system comprise Work machine 1, be arranged on the network management office 5 of Work machine producer server 10, be arranged on the banking terminal 20 of bank 2, the communication network 7 that is arranged on the terminal 30 of user side and connects these.At this, communication network 7 comprises the computer network etc. that connects the satellite communication circuit of Work machines 1 and satellite earth station 6, the in-house network of exclusively going up communication line, Connection Service device 10 and banking terminal 20 and user terminal 30 of server 10 that is connected satellite earth station 6 and network management office 5 or the Internet etc. by telstar 8.In addition, in described computer network, also be connected with the terminal in the sale agent shop 4 of selling Work machine 1 etc.Server 10 is worked in coordination with the operational situation that monitors Work machines 1 and is played a part this function of control with banking terminal 20, sometimes these is referred to as management devices in this manual.Satellite communication circuit with no matter Work machine 1 where Fang Junke to carry out communicating by letter between Work machine 1 and the management devices be that purpose is used.If can reach identical purpose, also can use other mobile radio communication or wireless communication networks to replace satellite communication circuit.
Though Work machine 1, banking terminal 20 and user terminal 3 only illustrate 1 respectively, in fact exist a plurality of.Numerous Work machines 1 can comprise haulage vehicle and industrial machines such as various disintegrating machine or generator such as building machineries such as hydraulic excavator, wheel loader, dozer, road planer and crane, tipper.But 10 1 of servers, but also many.By centralized management or Decentralization, carry out the supervision of numerous Work machine 1 and provide information to numerous banking terminal 20 and user terminal 30 by 1 or many s' server 10.
For banking terminal 20 and user terminal 20, can use the general purpose personal computer that to go up the various application software of operation at operating system OS (OperatingSystems).Application software has the web browser of the WWW text that display server 10 provides and the mail software of sending and receiving e-mail etc.
Fig. 2 represents to manage with the operational situation of Work machine the structure of relevant portion.
As shown in Figure 2, Work machine 1 has network 18 in the car body.Network 18 comprises electronic controller 12, the communication controler 13 that links to each other with electronic controller 12, GPS (the Global Positioning System/ satnav) sensor 14 that links to each other with communication controler 13 and the satellite communication terminal 15 that links to each other with controller 13 of the action that each the position state that monitors Work machine 1 and electricity consumption submode are controlled each position in the car body.GPS sensor 14 has the gps antenna 16 that is used for receiving from gps satellite 9 (Fig. 1) electric wave, and measures the current location of Work machine 1, and this information is notified to communication controler 13.Satellite communication terminal 15 has and is used for the satellite communication antena 17 that communicates with telstar 8 (Fig. 1), can realize communicating by letter by the satellite communication link between controller 13 and the server 10.
Also can on communication controler 13, connect display 13B again.Display 13B can be used in the vehicle navigator map that for example shows position-based information.
Fig. 3 represents the functional structure of server 10.
It is to receive operation information and positional information from Work machine 1 that operation information receive to handle 46, and this is stored in function among the database 43B.
Operation information passes on that to handle 47 be to read operation information from database 43B, passes on the function of operation information by computer network to banking terminal 20.At this, the operation information that passes on to banking terminal 20 need not comprise all described various status informations, as long as comprise the duration of runs of judging material as the bad debt risk at least.
Alarm is sent and handled 48 is according to the indication from banking terminal 20, to the function of Work machine 1 and user terminal 30 transmission alarms.This alarm communication network via satellite is sent to Work machine 1, and Work machine 1 shows this alarm at display 13B.In addition, the mode that this alarm for example can Email is sent to user terminal 30.
It is the functions that the notice that the described alarm of demonstration is disengaged sent to Work machine 1 and user terminal 30 that all clear handles 49.To removing notice, the described alarm of Work machine 1 cancellation display 13B shows.In addition, the mode that this releasing notice for example can Email is sent to user terminal 30.
It is according to the indication from banking terminal 20 that the Work machine restriction handles 50, to the function of Work machine 1 output lock instruction.Lock instruction communication network is via satellite received by the satellite communication terminal 15 of Work machine 1, is sent to electronic controller 12 by the communication controler 13 in the Work machine 1.Electronic controller 12 corresponding lock instructions, locking Work machine 1 makes the operator can't initiating task machinery 1.
The method of locking Work machine 1 can have multiple.Fig. 4 illustrates a locking means.Method shown in Figure 4 is to cut off the enabling signal of tail-off.That is: as shown in Figure 4, the operator is after the key switch 71 of the driver's seat of Work machine 1 inserts key and key forwarded to the position of startup, and key switch 71 is issued engine primer 73, engine start thus with enabling signal.The enabling signal between key switch 71 and the engine primer 73 with circuit on, be provided with the relay 72 that switching circuit is used.Relay 72 is generally on-state, and operates by electronic controller 12.Electronic controller 12 becomes off-state with relay 72 after receiving above-mentioned lock instruction.After this, even the operator is inserted and rotated key to key switch 71, because enabling signal is cut off, engine primer 73 also is failure to actuate.
As other locking means, open in addition the accumulator relay between accumulator and the electric component method, cut off control fluid pressure type working rig operation valve pilot signal method, cut off the input and output instruction signal of engine fuel injection valve method, the control signal of fuel injection device is remained on minimum, the method that can dally etc. only.Any method all can make Work machine 1 stop fully, or limits its possible action.
Fig. 5 represents the functional structure of banking terminal 20.
Banking terminal 20 is, as mentioned above, can go up various application software of operation (for example web browser, E-mail software etc.), for example personal computer at operating system OS (Operating System).Banking terminal 20 links to each other with computer network, can communicate with server 10.As shown in Figure 5, banking terminal 20 also has display device 54, keyboard 55 and mouse 56 etc. except communication control unit 51, calculation handling part 52, storage part 53.
Operation information in the database 53B (particularly, the duration of runs data) can be presented on the display device 54 with the form of running figure historical record as required.Fig. 6 represents an example of this running figure historical record.As shown in Figure 6, in running figure historical record, according to the operation information that generates at Work machine 1 (particularly, the duration of runs data), show time period (running figure), one day the total duration of runs and one day the running rate etc. of Work machine 1 running in date, 24 hours of every day.
A plurality of indexs of the judgement material that the operation information of the with good grounds Work machine 1 of alarm index table record in the database 53B is calculated, that whether conduct gives the alarm.Fig. 7 represents an example of alarm index table.As shown in Figure 7, in alarm index table, record and show specified time limit, the various indexs of the operational situation of the Work machine 1 in for example nearest 30 days, for example: the total days of operation in nearest 30 days (X days), the longlyest stop fate (Y days) continuously, and add up to running rate (Z%) etc.In addition, these indexs X, Y, Z are calculated every day, and append and register in the alarm index table.At days of operation and stopping in the calculation of fate, when do not reach the stipulated time (for example one hour) one day the duration of runs, this sky can be handled as the closing day (running day).In addition, about during, also can not be made as nearest 30 days, and be that unit calculates X days, Y days and Z% with 1 month of calendar.
Weighting table definition in the database 53B is applicable to weighting coefficient Wx, Wy and the Wz of described index X, Y and Z.Fig. 8 represents an example of weighting table.In the example of Fig. 8, the weighting coefficient Wx of index X is " 5 ", the weighting coefficient Wy of index Y is " 3 ", is " 2 " to the weighting coefficient Wz of index Z.These weighting coefficients Wx, Wy and Wz are used for carrying out the weighting of index X, Y, Z when Work machine 1 or user 3 sides are given the alarm whether judging according to operation information.A following example of the expression computing formula that is used to judge.
{Wx·X/30+Wy·Ym/Y+Wz·Z/100}/(Wx+Wy+Wz)＝N
Here, Ym is that the longest permission of predesignating stops fate continuously.
From above formula, can obtain the evaluation of estimate N[% of the volume of traffic of representing the Work machine 1 in nearest 30 days], and can judge whether to give the alarm according to this evaluation of estimate.For example: when evaluation of estimate N was lower than the Evaluation threshold Nth of regulation, it meaned that Work machine 1 does not satisfy the operating condition of regulation, and is judged as and gives the alarm.Described weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz, Evaluation threshold Nth and the longest permission stop fate Ym etc. continuously and can be decided by bank 2 and user's 3 agreements in advance.
As the condition that gives the alarm, can replace evaluation of estimate N to be lower than described threshold value Nth or therewith and use following condition: days of operation (X days) is lower than the fate of regulation, stops that fate (Y days) is higher than alloted days, running rate (Z%) is lower than setting or other condition that tallies with the actual situation continuously.
In user's information table in database 53B, record and to be used in the information of judging the financing bad debt risk of giving the user.Fig. 9 represents an example of user's information table.As shown in Figure 9, in user's information table, by each user 3, record its year in alarm send number of times, Work machine title, payment of balance (in illustrated embodiment, though only represented 1 Work machine title for a user, for the title of its many Work machines of user record that have many Work machines).Because to send duration of runs of the high more expression Work machine of number of times few more in alarm in year, so thereby can infer and the not prosperous bad debt risk of business height.Fig. 9 has exemplified the state that shows user's information table content in display device 54.The described information by each user 3 in user's information table is that order is often sent in middle per year alarm, promptly presses the high series classification of bad debt risk and shows.In addition, alarm is sent number of times at setting in year, and the user's 3 of (that is: bad debt risk extra-high-speed) information more than ten times is for example used with lower user's 3 different colours of other risk and represented.For the current user 3 who just is being issued alarm, show the identification marking 57 of its state of expression in addition.
In the Work machine control table in database 53B, login has the relevant information of control of the locking carried out for Work machine 1 with bank 2 or alarm demonstration etc.Figure 10 represents an example of Work machine control table.As shown in figure 10, in the Work machine control table, by each Work machine 1, (that is: this Work machine 1 is set as the guarantee of financing in the setting of recording user title, guarantee, or in other words, whether can be used as lock object), the information of lock-out state (that is: current whether locked) and alarm show state (that is: current whether show alarm) etc.At this, about the setting of guarantee, user 3 is prescribed as the contract item from bank's 2 acceptance financings the time.According to the Work machine control table, when bank 2 has many Work machines 1 each user 3, these many Work machines 1 can be managed as one group.According to the Work machine control table, bank 2 is very high or when wishing to detain user 3 guarantee in the bad debt risk, can judge which platform of detaining in many Work machines 1 that (locking) this user 3 had.For example, when wanting to detain user's " AAAA " as shown in figure 10 guarantee, bank 2 is according to Work machine control table shown in Figure 10, can be with user " AAAA " that had, that be set at guarantee and do not have blockedly, for example " wheel loader #2 " and " hydraulic excavator #5 " be chosen to be the object of locking.
In attention person in the database 53B table, though do not have special diagram, from user's information table, extract out and login year in alarm send number of times and surpass stipulated number, for example user more than ten times 3 information.The information that is logged the user 3 in this attention person table as attention person's catalogue, is presented on the display device 54 as required.
Calcspar referring again to banking terminal shown in Figure 5 20.The calculation handling part 52 of banking terminal 20 passes through computer program, set to handle 58 except carrying out operating condition, operation information receive handle 59, operational situation determination processing 60, alarm send that decision handles 61, all clear indication handle 62 and the Work machine limit decision handle 63, the alarm number of times that also carries out when the transmitting messages of decision alarm, being started upgrade handle 64, alarm give notice handle 65, the operating area monitor handle 66, the display mode change handles 67, attention person's catalogue is upgraded and handled 68.
Have to be accompanied by and upgrade display mode change processing 67, attention person's catalogue updating device of transmitting messages number of times and starting.Below, each is handled 58～68 describe.
Operating condition set to be handled 58 and is to use keyboard 55 to wait to set described operating area, weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz, Evaluation threshold Nth and the longest permission to stop the function of fate Ym etc. continuously.
Operation information receives and handles 59 is the operation informations that receive Work machine 1 from server 10, for example receives once every day, and the operation information that receives is deposited into the function of storage part 53.
Operational situation determination processing 60 is to judge whether the operational situation of Work machine 1 satisfies the function of desirable operating condition.That is: in operational situation determination processing 60, employing is stored in the operation information of Work machine 1 of storage part 53 and weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz, by described computing formula, calculate the evaluation of estimate N of Work machine 1, evaluation of estimate N and the Evaluation threshold Nth that calculates compared.Its result, if N＜Nth, the operating condition that then is judged as Work machine 1 does not satisfy desirable operating condition (possibility that means the service condition danger that has user 3).
It is corresponding to the such judged result of the N＜Nth of operational situation determination processing 60 that decision processing 61 is sent in alarm, send alarms to server 10 and send the function of indication, indication that to be request give the alarm to Work machine 1 and user terminal 30 that indication is sent in this alarm.
It is after the judged result based on operational situation determination processing 60 becomes N＜Nth that all clear indication handles 62, changes back to again when not being N＜Nth, sends the function of the indication of sounding all clear of the alarm that request just is being issued before removing to server 10.
It is the functions that send the locking indication of request locking Work machine 1 to server 10 that the Work machine limit decision handles 63.
It is to handle 61 indications when user 3 gives the alarm sending decision by alarm that the number of times of transmitting messages upgrade to handle 64, upgrades in the described user's of being recorded in information table year in alarm send the function of number of times.
Alarm is given notice and handled 65 is to send decision processing 61 indications by alarm when user 3 gives the alarm, the report that will give the alarm with the mode of Email is notified to the regulation person of having the right of bank 2, whether lock the decision of Work machine 1 simultaneously by this e-mail request, and receive function from the person's of having the right replied mail.
The operating area monitors that processing 66 receives the positional information of the Work machine 1 that is issued alarm from server 10, by the operating area of this positional information and predefined Work machine 1 relatively, monitor that Work machine 1 is whether in the operating area or shift out outside function.
Display mode change handle 67 be in mode shown in Figure 9 when display device 54 shows user's information tables, in the current user's 3 who is issued alarm hurdle, add identification marking 57, in addition, when giving the alarm the releasing indication by all clear indication processing 62, cancellation shows the function of this identification marking 57.
It is that the information of number of times the user more than ten times 3 is sent in alarm in extracting out from user's information table year that attention person's catalogue upgrade to handle 68, and with the function of its login in attention person's table.
Figure 11 represents to have the treatment scheme of the management system of described structure.Following with reference to Figure 11, the treatment scheme of management system is described.
In the following description, add following reference marks: the step that the step that the step of carrying out at Work machine 1 is MS, carry out at server 10 is SS, carry out at banking terminal 20 is BS.In the following description, suppose with User Agreement under finished the various settings of the operating area, weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz etc. of each Work machine 1.
MS1: when Work machine 1 running, the electronic controller 12 of Work machine 1 generates operation information and sends to communication controler 13.
MS2: the communication controler 13 of Work machine 1 is by communication network 7, for example with once a day frequency, will send to server 10 from the operation information of electronic controller 12 with from the positional information of GPS sensor 14.
SS1: in server 10, operation information receives handles 46 operation informations that receive from Work machine 1, and this is stored in the storage part 43.
SS2: the operation information of server 10 passes on handles 47, for example presses frequency once a day, reads operation information from storage part 43, and by computer network it is transferred to banking terminal 20.
BS1: in running terminal 20, operation information receives handles 59 operation informations that receive from server 10, and stores storage part 53 into.
BS2: operational situation determination processing 60 is by each Work machine, by operation information calculation evaluation of estimate N.
BS3: operational situation determination processing 60 compares evaluation of estimate N and predefined Evaluation threshold Nth.
BS4: when described comparative result is N＜Nth, mean that the cause that has the user 3 who has this Work machine 1 is in the possibility of crisis.Corresponding to comparative result, the decision processing 61 that gives the alarm is sent to server 10 with the indication that gives the alarm about this Work machine 1 and user 3.
BS5: at described comparative result is N 〉=Nth, and this is operated machine 1 when giving the alarm, and the indication of sounding all clear is handled 62 and will be indicated with this Work machine 1 and user's 3 relevant sounding all clear and be sent to server 10.
SS5, SS6: in server 10, alarm is sent processing 48 correspondences and is sent indication from the alarm of banking terminal 20, and Work machine 1 is sent in alarm, in addition, also by Email user terminal 30 is sent in alarm.
SS3, SS4: in server 10, all clear is handled all clear indication of 49 correspondences from banking terminal 20, and Work machine 1 is sent all clear instruction, in addition, in the mode of Email, will remove the thing informing user terminal 30 of alarm.
MS3～MS6: in Work machine 1, communication controler 13 correspondences show this alarm from the alarm of server 10 on display 13B.In addition, communication controler 13 correspondences are cancelled alarm shown on display 13B from all clear instruction of server 10.
BS6: in banking terminal 20, having sent alarm in step BS4 sends when indicating, alarm give notice handle 65 usefulness Emails will be for certain Work machine 1 of user 3 person of having the right A, B, C of the regulation in the thing notifying bank 2 of indication of transmitting messages that give the alarm, whether request simultaneously locks some Work machines 1 that this user 3 is had.At this moment, the send mode of Email can also can be considered the post of the person of having the right A～C etc. to respectively do not have the right person A, B, the parallel transmission of C, and the serial of carrying out from the person of having the right of subordinate to higher level's the person of having the right sends.The person of having the right A, B, C can with reference to the described user's information table (Fig. 9) that is stored in banking terminal 20, Work machine control table (Figure 10) and attention person's table etc., and can be used for judging whether to lock by own used terminal.
BS7: in banking terminal 20, the Work machine limit decision is handled 63 replied mail that receive from the person of having the right A, B, C, according to the content decision locking of replied mail or do not lock which Work machine 1.The Work machine limit decision handles 63 when having determined not lock any Work machine 1, and control turns back to step BS1.
BS8: on the other hand, the Work machine limit decision handles 63 when having determined certain Work machine 1 of locking, and the Work machine limit decision handles 63 for server 10, sends the lock instruction to this Work machine 1.
SS7, SS8: in server 10, the lock instruction of 50 correspondences from banking terminal 20 handled in the Work machine restriction, to Work machine 1 output lock instruction.
MS7, MS8: in Work machine 1, electronic controller 12 correspondences are from the lock instruction of server 10, with the method locking Work machine 1 that has illustrated.
BS9: in banking terminal 20, the output of indication is sent in the alarm of corresponding step BS4, and number of times is sent in alarm in the year of this user 3 in the number of times of the transmitting messages renewal processing 64 renewal user information tables.
BS10～BS14: in banking terminal 20, the display mode change handles 67 when showing the content of user's information table, in the current user's 3 who just is being issued alarm hurdle, show identification marking 57, in addition, alarm in year being sent number of times uses the color different with other users 3 hurdles to show on 3 hurdles of the user more than ten times.In addition, attention person's catalogue upgrade to handle 68 in attention person's catalogue in the login year alarm send number of times the user more than ten times 3.In addition, sent the thing of all clear indication among the corresponding described step BS5, the display mode change handles 67 from the contents demonstration of user's information table, cancels this identification marking 57.After this, control enters into step BS7.
BS15: in banking terminal 20, indication is sent in the alarm that corresponding described step BS4 is sent, the operating area monitor to be handled 66 and is obtained the positional information of this Work machine 1 from server 10, according to this positional information, monitors that this Work machine 1 is whether in the operating area of predesignating.
BS16: the result of supervision, when being judged to be this Work machine 1 in the operating area, control enters into described step BS7.On the other hand, be judged to be this Work machine 1 outside the operating area time, to should judged result, the Work machine limit decision be handled 63 and is sent the locking indication of these Work machines 1 of request locking to server 10.
According to above management system, bank 2 can infer the bad debt risk that to each user 3 financing, and can judge whether to be necessary to detain Work machine 1 according to the operation information of the Work machine 1 of each user's 3 use.In addition,, can send alarm, and then when being necessary to detain this user's 3 Work machine 1, lock this user's 3 Work machine 1 forcibly, detain and can carry out simply for the high user 3 of bad debt risk.
Figure 12 represents the variation of the processing of described Figure 11.
In variation shown in Figure 12, the calculation of the evaluation of estimate N of Work machine 1 is not at banking terminal 20, but carries out in Work machine 1.That is: in Work machine 1, communication controler 13 is in step MS1A, according to calculating evaluation of estimate N the duration of runs of exporting and being stored in the specified time limit (for example nearest 30 days) in the Work machine 1 by counter 11, in MS2A, the various states that this evaluation of estimate N and other sensor is detected or the information of action send to server 10 together as operation information.This evaluation of estimate N is sent to banking terminal 20 from server 10, will be used to give the alarm with the illustrated same procedure of Figure 11 or carries out the judgement of locking.In addition,, in Work machine 1, not only carry out the calculating of evaluation of estimate N, also can carry out the comparison of evaluation of estimate N and evaluation of estimate Nth as different variation.In addition, as another variation, also can on the terminal in server 10 or the sale agent shop 4, carry out the calculating of evaluation of estimate N or the comparison of evaluation of estimate N and Evaluation threshold Nth.And then, as another variation, also can be not at banking terminal 20, and in the terminal in server 10, sale agent shop 4 or Work machine 1, carry out the judgement of sending based on the alarm of evaluation of estimate N.At this moment, bank 2 only the report that whether is issued of receiving alarm get final product.
In variation shown in Figure 12, in addition, banking terminal 20 not only can be by timing once a day, also can be corresponding from the requirement of bank 2 and at any time to server 10 request operation informations.That is: shown in step BS1A～BS3A, correspondence is from the request of the input such as keyboard 55 grades of banking terminal 20, and banking terminal 20 sends operation informations to server 10 and sends indication.To indicating, server 10 request jobs machinery 1 sends up-to-date operation information (SS1A, SS2A), and 1 pair of Work machine should be asked, and generates up-to-date operation information (containing positional information), and sends to server 10 (MS1A, MS2A).After this order is with shown in Figure 11 identical.Bank 2 is owing to can obtain the up-to-date operation information and the positional information of Work machine 1 in the desirable time, so for example, when wanting to lock to a certain Work machine 1, confirm the final operating condition or the current location of this Work machine 1, when perhaps for example payment is refunded about the operational situation on the same day will be significantly it is confirmed etc. to have the advantage that can hold the state of Work machine 1 more accurately.
But in case can not be removed by user 2 by last lock at Work machine 1, on the other hand, hope can be removed at the scene by the people who detains Work machine 1.Figure 13 represents to be used for to remove at the scene the configuration example of Work machine 1 of the locking of Work machine 1.
As shown in figure 13, locate to be provided with the locking setting device 80 that is used for by manually setting locking at driver's seat of Work machine 1 etc.This locking setting device 80 is the such devices of a kind of control panel, and this control panel has the such display part of liquid crystal panel 81 and is used for the people inputs the numerical key input part 82 that the secret identification code (password) of usefulness was set and removed in locking.If display device 13B shown in Figure 2 is the device with numerical key input part, also this display device 13B can be transferred to locking setting device 80.
Locking setting device 80 is utilized with following purpose, promptly user 3 (or operator) by manually lock Work machine 1 and remove this locking purpose, remove purpose based on the locking of setting by operated from a distance from the locking indication of described banking terminal 20.Locking setting device 80 has user cipher storage part 84 and administrator's password storage part 85, this user cipher storage part 84 storage users 3 or operator be by the user cipher that manually locks or use when removing Work machine 1, and this administrator's password storage part 85 is stored the administrator's password that bank 2 only knows.Locking setting device 80 also has locking and sets storage part 83, store the locking set information at this, this locking set information is illustrated in current which kind of lock (that is: be by the locking of manually setting, also be based on locking indication from banking terminal 20 by the long-range locking of setting) of having set on the Work machine 1.When using locking setting device 80 by manual locking Work machine 1, locking setting device 80 will be represented the locking set information write lock-out setting storage part 83 of manual locking.During by operated from a distance locking Work machine 1, locking setting device 80 correspondences are set storage part 83 from the lock instruction of communication controler 13 with the locking set information write lock-out of expression operated from a distance locking.
Locking setting device 80 also has comparing section 82 and locking control part 86.In a single day comparing section 82 after the request and password of the 82 input locking settings of numerical key input part, just reads the user cipher in the user cipher storage part 84, and compares with the password of importing.If be consistent between the password that is compared, comparing section 82 is to the 86 output locking indications of locking control part.The 86 corresponding described locking indications of locking control part output to electronic controller 12 with lock instruction.Electronic controller 12 corresponding locking indications are set by the locking of manually carrying out.As mentioned above, the method for locking has multiple.Such as, as shown in Figure 4,, cut off the enabling signal of key switch 71 by electronic controller 12 closed relay 72, method is set by the locking of manually carrying out thus.At this moment, set in the storage part 83, write the locking set information of expression manual locking in locking.
In addition, comparing section 82 is behind 82 input latch-release requests of numerical key input part and password, the kind that the locking that locking set informations in the corresponding locking setting storage part 83 are represented is set, read user cipher in the user cipher storage part 84 or the administrator's password in the administrator's password storage part 85, and compare with the password of input.That is: when the kind set of the locking represented of locking set information is the operated from a distance locking, administrator's password and described input password are compared.On the other hand, when the kind that the locking that the locking set information is represented is set is manual locking, then user cipher and administrator's password are compared with described input password respectively.If be consistent between the password that is compared, comparing section 82 is to the 86 output latch-release indications of locking control part.The 86 corresponding latch-release indications of locking control part are to electronic controller 12 output latch-release instructions.Electronic controller 12 corresponding described latch-releases instruct and unlock.As mentioned above, the method for locking has multiple, so the method for latch-release also corresponds respectively to locking means.For example adopt when disconnecting as shown in Figure 4 relay 72 and cut off the locking means of enabling signal of key switch 71, electronic controller 12 by connecting relay 72, is removed this locking as shown in figure 13.
So, when setting locking from the indication of banking terminal 20 by operated from a distance, the releasing of this locking can be undertaken by administrator's password, but just can not carry out by user cipher.On the other hand, when user 3 or operator locked by manually setting, the releasing of this locking not only can be undertaken by user cipher, also can be undertaken by administrator's password.
And then, replace or and directly import the method that password unlocks with aforesaid to Work machine 1, also can adopt from management devices (server 10 or banking terminal 20) and send latch-release instruction, the method that unlocks to Work machine 1 by communication network 7.That is: as shown in figure 13, instruction is received by the satellite communication terminal 15 of Work machine 1 from the latch-release of management devices 10 or 20, by communication controler 13, is given to electronic controller 12.12 pairs of electronic controllers should instruct by latch-release, and unlock.
In addition, and then locking setting device 80 is during described locking set information is represented to be set with by described remote-operated locking, when for example connecting the power supply of Work machine 1, on display part 81, be shown as message or the mark guaranteeing to assure and locked by the operation of key switch 71.Will be when the third party resell Work machine 1 user 3, this third party knows that this transaction is the situation of unfair transaction.
According to above-mentioned embodiment, produce following effect.
(1), regularly generates the operation information of user's 3 employed Work machines 1, and receive by banking terminal 20 by server 10 according to the management system of Work machine 1.Bank 2 can carry out the running management of Work machine 1.If the operational situation of Work machine 1 is undesirable, and user 3 operation can give the alarm to user 3 by server 10 from banking terminal 20, and can supervise user's 3 self-service effort when being absorbed in situation under a cloud.
(2) estimating in the processing of operation information with banking terminal 20, with days of operation (X days), stop a plurality of indexs of fate (Y days), running rate (Z%) etc. continuously, be weighted by weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz, the index that employing is weighted is calculated evaluation of estimate N, judges the necessity of alarm etc. according to this evaluation of estimate N.By according to the actual conditions of user 3 or Work machine 1 or operation field (for example, work is a lot, but since on-the-spot physical environment days of operation be restricted etc.) adjust weighting coefficient Wx, Wy, Wz, can improve the reliability of evaluation result.
(3) each index is because basis is that volume of traffic is calculated with the duration of runs of counter 11 totals particularly in operation information, so can reflect the situation that so-called no work worsens the bad debt risk effectively in index.Thereby, be easy to judge user 3 management state.
(4) banking terminal 20, whether lock the judgement material of Work machine 1 usefulness as the person of having the right decision, the information of the volume of traffic of calculating based on the operation information of user's information table, Work machine control table, attention person's table etc. to the person's of having the right prompting in the mode of electronics.And banking terminal 20 receives judged result from the person of having the right in the mode of electronics, sends the locking indication for Work machine 1.Thus, the person's of having the right of bank 2 aspects will decision can be promptly carried out, detaining of Work machine 1 can be promptly carried out simultaneously.
(5) banking terminal 20 can lock the Work machine 1 that is judged as the high user of bad debt risk 3 by operated from a distance.Thereby, be easy to detaining by bank 2.
(6) banking terminal 20, are the few Work machine of volume of traffic 1 about the Work machine 1 that is issued alarm, monitor the current location of this Work machine 1, in the time of outside Work machine 1 moves to the operating area that is allowed to, automatically lock this Work machine 1.Therefore, user 3 mobile operating machinery 1 in confidence is difficult to realize with the escape behavior of detaining, so become easier by detaining of bank 2.
(7) automatically alarm to be sent user 3 often be that the high user of bad debt risk 3 lists in the attention person table and shows to banking terminal 20.When such user 3 applied for financing once more, bank 20 was central because can be with reference to attention person's table, so can make the financing examination more gear to actual circumstances in the financing examination.
(8) Work machine 1 is in case by locked from the indication of banking terminal 2, if user 3 does not import secret administrator's password to Work machine 1, this locking can not be disengaged.Therefore, user 3 can not at will remove the locking by bank 2.Therefore, 2 pairs of Work machines 2 of bank detain more easy.
(9) even Work machine 1 by user's 3 lockings the time, can be removed this locking by administrator's password.Thus, 2 pairs of Work machines 2 of bank detain more easy.
Described embodiment only illustrates example of the present invention for being used to, and is not to mean that scope of the present invention only limits to this.The present invention can adopt described embodiment other various embodiments in addition in the scope that does not break away from this aim.For example, the present invention also comprises variation as follows.
As the judgement material that whether carries out alarm or locking, also can replace or and use the duration of runs that obtains by counter, and use information in Work machine 1 detected other state or action.For example, the failure message of the error code that can be generated by electronic controller 12 when breaking down in every inscape of Work machine 1 is incorporated in operation information and uses as described judgement material.Management devices 10 or 20 monitors the failure message that sends from Work machine 1, for example when frequently sending specific error code, can give the alarm or lock instruction.Thus, can prevent problem that before the end of refunding, Work machine 1 can't be used because the using method of 3 pairs of Work machines 1 of user is improper.
In addition, also can detect the load of engine, hydraulic system or other dynamic structure in the Work machine 1, this load is incorporated in the operation information use as described judgement material.For example, management devices 10 or 20 information according to the load that sends from Work machine 1 when the load of judgement Work machine 1 is high singularly (for example, always with high loaded process), also can give the alarm or lock instruction.Thus, can prevent the problem that user 3 handles Work machine 1 and before end is refunded Work machine 1 can't be used.
Though whether Work machine 1 having been exceeded the judgement of operating area can be undertaken by server 10 or banking terminal 20, but replace or and use this method, also can by will be in operating area that the communication controler in the Work machine 1 13 is stored in memory storage 13A, and compare by the detected current location of GPS sensor 14 and to carry out.
Claims (16)
1. the management system of a Work machine is used for the operational situation of management operations machinery (1), it is characterized in that,
Comprise the Work machine (1) and the management devices (10,20) that can pass through the wireless communication networks mutual communication,
Described Work machine (1) has:
Operation information generation unit (12), it receives from the signal of the sensor of the regulation in the described Work machine (1) and generates operation information;
Communicator (13,15), its by described wireless communication networks can with described management devices (10,20) mutual communication, send the described operation information that described operation information generation unit (12) generates to described management devices (10,20), and, receive steering order from described management devices (10,20);
Control action unit (12 or 13), it is in response to the steering order that is received by described communicator (13,15), and the control action of stipulating,
Described management devices (10,20) has:
Communication control unit (41), its by described wireless communication networks can with described Work machine (1) mutual communication, receive described operation information from described Work machine (1), and, send described steering order to described Work machine (1);
Database (43B, 53B), it stores the described operation information that described communication control unit (41) is received;
Operational situation identifying unit (60), it is stored in the described operation information of described database (43B, 53B) by analysis, judges whether the operational situation of described Work machine (1) has problems;
Steering order generating unit (61,48,62,49,50,63), it is in response to operational situation identifying unit (60), and sends described steering order.
2. management system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The information duration of runs that in described operation information, comprises the duration of runs of the described Work machine of expression (1),
Described operational situation identifying unit (60) is analyzed described duration of runs of information by the operating condition that adopts regulation, calculate the numerical value of the volume of traffic of representing the described Work machine (1) in specified time limit, and in described operational situation, whether have problems by whether judging described numerical value less than defined threshold, judging.
3. management system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described operational situation identifying unit (60) calculates described numerical value by a plurality of indexs (X, Y, Z) that the described duration of runs, information calculations was weighted according to the described a plurality of indexs that are weighted (X, Y, Z).
4. management system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described steering order generating unit (61,48,62,49,50,63) has alarm issue unit (61,48), this alarm issue unit (61,48) is when determining described operational situation existing problems by described operational situation identifying unit (60), give the alarm as described steering order
Described control action unit (12 or 13) has the display unit that shows described alarm in response to described alarm (13,13B).
5. management system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described steering order generating unit (61,48,62,49,50,63) has lock instruction unit (63,50), this lock instruction unit (63,50) is when determining described operational situation existing problems by described operational situation identifying unit (60), send lock instruction as described steering order
Described control action unit (12 or 13) has operated from a distance lock cell (12,72), this operated from a distance lock cell (12,72) is in response to described lock instruction, sets the operated from a distance locking that can not carry out or limit its action that can carry out as the action of Work machine (1) as described in making in described Work machine (1).
6. management system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described lock instruction unit (63,50), when determining described operational situation existing problems by described operational situation identifying unit (60), whether lock the judgement of described operating machine (1) to the person of having the right (A, B, C) the electricity consumption submode request of regulation, in response to electronic information, and send described lock instruction from the described person's of having the right (A, B, C) the described judgement of expression.
7. management system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described Work machine (1) also has lock controller (80), and this lock controller (80) is removed described operated from a distance locking in response to the input of the administrator's password of regulation.
8. management system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
Lock controller (80) is in response to the input of the user cipher of regulation, the manual locking that can not carry out or limit its action that can carry out as the action of Work machine (1) as described in making is set in described Work machine (1), and then, input in response to described administrator's password, not only remove described operated from a distance locking, also remove described manual locking.
9. management system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described management devices (10,20) can send the latch-release instruction to described Work machine (1),
The operated from a distance lock cell of described Work machine (1) (12,72) is removed described operated from a distance locking in response to described latch-release instruction.
10. management system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described Work machine (1) also has positional information unit (14,12,15), this positional information unit (14,12,15) detects the current location of described Work machine (1), and send the positional information of the described position of expression to described management devices (10,20)
Described management devices (10,20) also has operating area monitor unit (66), this operating area monitor unit (66) is in response to described operational situation identifying unit (60), according to described positional information from described Work machine (1), judge whether described Work machine (1) has gone out the operating area of regulation
Described steering order generating unit (61,48,62,49,50,63) is also in response to described operating area monitor unit (66), and sends described steering order.
11. management system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that:
Described steering order generating unit (61,48,62,49,50,63) has lock instruction unit (63,50), this lock instruction unit (63,50) is determining described Work machine (1) when having gone out the operating area of regulation by described operating area monitor unit (66), send lock instruction as described steering order
Described control action unit (12 or 13) has operated from a distance lock cell (12,72), this operated from a distance lock cell (12,72) is in response to described lock instruction, sets the operated from a distance locking that can not carry out or limit its action that can carry out as the action of Work machine (1) as described in making in described Work machine (1).
12. a Work machine is a Work machine (1) of managing operational situation by long-range management devices (10,20), it is characterized in that having:
Operation information generation unit (12), it receives from the signal of the sensor of the regulation in the described Work machine (1) and generates operation information;
Communicator (13,15), its by wireless communication networks can with described management devices (10,20) mutual communication, be sent in the described operation information that described operation information generation unit (12) generates to described management devices (10,20), and, receive steering order from described management devices (10,20);
Control action unit (12 or 13), it is in response to the steering order that is received by described communicator (13,15), and the control action of stipulating.
13. Work machine as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that:
Described steering order can comprise lock instruction,
Described control action unit (12 or 13) has operated from a distance lock cell (12,72), this operated from a distance lock cell (12,72) is in response to described lock instruction, sets the operated from a distance locking that can not carry out or limit its action that can carry out as the action of Work machine (1) as described in making in described Work machine (1).
14. Work machine as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that:
Also have input, and remove the lock controller (80) of described operated from a distance locking in response to the administrator's password of regulation.
15. Work machine as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that:
Lock controller (80) is in response to the user cipher input of regulation, in described Work machine (1), set the manual locking that can not carry out or limit its action that can carry out as the action of Work machine (1) as described in making, and then, input in response to described administrator's password, not only remove described operated from a distance locking, also remove described manual locking.
16. Work machine as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that:
Described steering order can comprise the latch-release instruction,
The operated from a distance lock cell of described Work machine (1) (12,72) is removed described operated from a distance locking in response to described latch-release instruction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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| JP2003372614 | 2003-10-31 | ||
| JP372614/2003 | 2003-10-31 |
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| CN 200480001983 Pending CN1723475A (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2004-10-26 | Managing system for working machine and working machine |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2005043433A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1723475A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005043433A1 (en) |
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| CN110298948A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-10-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of car locking function control method and device |
| CN114867921A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-08-05 | 神钢建机株式会社 | Remote control system for construction machine |
| CN114867921B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-09-22 | 神钢建机株式会社 | Remote control system of engineering machinery |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPWO2005043433A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
| WO2005043433A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
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