CN1217116C

CN1217116C - Automobile with gear box

Info

Publication number: CN1217116C
Application number: CN 00136073
Authority: CN
Inventors: 克劳斯·亨内贝格尔; 托马斯·耶格尔
Original assignee: LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH
Current assignee: LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH
Priority date: 1999-12-08
Filing date: 2000-12-08
Publication date: 2005-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-08
Also published as: BR0005802A; JP2001193825A; ITMI20002651A1; FR2802267A1; IT1319365B1; FR2802267B1; DE10059279B4; CN1305908A; DE10059279A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle having a drive motor, a gear-box with transmission gear ratio adjusting mechanism, a control device and a switching device. The vehicle can be driven in different modes by selecting mode using various transmission gear ratios.

Description

The automobile of band gearbox

Technical field

The present invention relates to an a kind of driving motor, automobile of having with the gearbox of gear ratio controlling mechanism, a control gear and a conversion equipment, wherein, this gearbox can be running under the manual method of operation and the automatic method of operation, the gear ratio adjustment is undertaken by the manually-operable conversion equipment in the manual method of operation, under the automatic method of operation the automatic speed changing of the method for operation automatically than preference pattern in, automatically carry out gear ratio by control gear and regulate.

Background technique

Such automobile is well-known.DE-PS3717675 discloses a kind of conversion equipment that is used to have the automobile of automatic transmission case, wherein not only can select gear ratio automatically, and can manually select gear ratio.

In the automatic method of operation, the driver also wish the rideability of automobile can satisfy as with drive safety and/or especially economic and the mode of travelling of environmental consciousness and/or the motion relevant requirement of mode of travelling arranged.In addition, obtain better driving comfortability under the situation of various requirement, then only have an automatic speed changing and just can not adapt to above-mentioned requirements than the automatic method of operation of preference pattern if adapt to various driving situations at the same time and take into account.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present invention provides a kind of like this automobile, and it has improved driver safety and/or travelling comfort economic and that the running mode of environmental consciousness is arranged and/or especially operate.

In above-mentioned automobile, so finish the invention task, promptly provide another automatic speed changing at least of the automatic method of operation to compare preference pattern.It is the pattern that automobilism designs in the track when smooth especially that another gear ratio preference pattern of the automatic method of operation like this is one.Advantageously utilize with respect to the used littler starting moment of torsion of moment of torsion of cruising operation and start to walk.It also is favourable being used for especially economical and the pattern of the mode of travelling of environmental consciousness is arranged, and in this pattern, drives in the rotating speed district that motor mainly operates in energy consumption the best or at least near this rotating speed district.According to the present invention, a kind of pattern that is used for the motion running mode also is suitable, wherein drives motor and turns round under high power.

In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention proposes a kind of automobile, have a driving motor, gearbox with the device that is used to change gear ratio, a control gear and a conversion equipment, wherein, this gearbox can manually moved in the method for operation and the automatic method of operation, the gear ratio change is undertaken by the manually-operable conversion equipment in the manual method of operation, and under the automatic method of operation, automatically carry out the change of gear ratio in than preference pattern by control gear in first automatic speed changing, this gearbox can be access in another automatic speed changing at least that is used for the automobilism on smooth track of the automatic method of operation than preference pattern.

The advantage that the present invention obtained is, a kind of like this automobile is provided, it has improved driver's Security and/or comfortable feel economic and that the running mode of environmental consciousness is arranged and/or especially operate, and this is because provide another automatic speed changing at least to compare preference pattern for various running condition and according to various requirement.

A favourable design proposal of the present invention has realized, not only can select described another automatic speed changing than preference pattern than preference pattern, and can compare preference pattern from described another automatic speed changing of manual Operation Mode Selection from first automatic speed changing of the automatic method of operation.For example, a kind of pattern that is used at smooth track safe starting of the various method of operation selection of following time can be in, perhaps a kind of be used for not only economy but also the pattern of the driving of environmental consciousness is arranged, as the few and/or fuel-efficient pattern of toxic emission, perhaps a kind of mode of travelling that is used to move.

In other advantageous forms of implementation of the present invention, as required, the driver can be manually or automatically select the automatic method of operation by control gear another in requisition for the gear ratio preference pattern.Driver's selection is undertaken by a switch member, when at least one parameter that offers control gear as the input data reaches the reference value that can be scheduled to, selects automatically by control gear.This parameter is an automobile parameter such as rotating speed and/or enviromental parameter such as external temperature.The reference value that can be scheduled to can be a definite speed discrepancy with suitable manner.If be changed as the influence of the ASR effect carried out or the external temperature speed discrepancy as reference value by other parameter, then this is favourable.The ASR effect generally is meant anti-slip adjusting (ASR) effect, and wherein for example Engine torque reduces when wheel-slip is serious.

In other favourable design proposal of the present invention, if selected another automatic speed changing than preference pattern, then its relative first gear ratio preference pattern is preferential always, till it is clearly cancelled by driver or control gear.Change over to off and on the manual method of operation do not cancel this preferential, thereby when returning the automatic method of operation, this another automatic speed changing is more selected again than preference pattern.

Description of drawings

Below, describe one embodiment of the present of invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:

Fig. 1 has illustrated with schematic representation and has had the automobile that drives route, gearbox operation equipment and control gear;

Fig. 2 represents the operating position layout on the conversion equipment;

Fig. 3 is the block diagram that is illustrated in the automatic method of operation and manually changes between the method for operation;

Fig. 3 a is the block diagram that is illustrated in the automatic method of operation and manually changes between the method for operation;

Fig. 4 is the block diagram that is illustrated in the automatic method of operation and manually changes and select the gear ratio preference pattern between the method for operation;

Fig. 5 is the gear ratio preference pattern is selected in expression from the manual method of operation a block diagram;

Fig. 6 is the gear ratio preference pattern is selected in expression by control gear a block diagram;

Fig. 7 be the expression control gear according to reaching the example block diagram of can predetermined parameter and standard selecting another automatic gear ratio preference pattern, threshold of senstitivity changes;

Fig. 8 is the block diagram of the priority of expression mode selection switch;

Fig. 9 is the block diagram of expression winter mode example.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 has schematically illustrated the automobile 1 of a band torque transmitter 4 and gearbox 6 for example.Torque transmitter 4 is arranged on the moment of torsion that drives between motor 2 and the gearbox 6 at this and transmits in the circuit.Driving between motor 2 and the torque transmitter 4, conform with purpose and be provided with a divided flywheel, the part quality of flywheel relatively rotates under can inserting the situation of a spring damper in the centre, has obviously improved the vibrotechnique performance of driver circuit thus.As ground as described in the applicant's DE-OS 3418671, DE-OS3411092, DE-OS3411239, DE-OS3630398, DE-OS3628774, the DE-OS3721712, the present invention preferably be used to absorb or vibration damper that balanced rotation is impacted or be used to compensate and rotate the device that impacts or reduce the device that rotates impact or the device of damped vibration is used in combination.

Automobile 1 is driven by a driving motor 2, and described motor here is an internal-combustion engine such as fast burn engine or diesel engine as shown in the figure.In another embodiment, drive unit also can be by the combined type drive unit electronic or oil hydraulic motor mode realize.Torque transmitter 4 is a friction clutch in the embodiment shown.By described friction clutch, can separate so that start or gear shift with gearbox 6 driving motor 2.By engaging gradually or holdback clutch, transmit more or less moment of torsion, for this reason, pressure strip and platen move axially relatively and more or less area is automatically connected in middle friction plate.As the torque transmitter 4 of die clutch construction regulating type automatically advantageously, promptly a little constant tearaway load is guaranteed in the wearing and tearing of balance friction plate like this.The present invention preferably is used in combination at the friction clutch described in DE-OS4239291, DE-OS4239289, the DE-OS4306505 as the applicant with one.

By axle 8 and drive the wheel 12 of automobile 1 by differential mechanism 10.For driven wheel 12 has disposed speed probe 70,71, wherein, also a speed probe 70 or 71 can only be set in case of necessity, they produce a signal corresponding to wheel 12 rotating speeds respectively.In addition, perhaps replace described sensor, on another appropriate location of driver circuit as on axle 8, be provided with a sensor 52 that is used to measure the gearbox output speed.Can measure the gearbox input speed by another sensor, perhaps as in the present embodiment, determine according to driving engine speed.So, for example also can determine the gear ratio that in gearbox, adjusts.

The operation of friction clutch 4 preferably by depressing but also suitable in another embodiment be to realize by spurring.Here, such operation is carried out as clutch actuating mechanism by an operation equipment 46.In order to operate gearbox 6, be provided with a operation equipment with two actuators 48,50, one of them actuator carries out selection operation, and another mechanism carries out gear-change operation.The operating device 48,50 of clutch actuating mechanism 46 and/or gearbox is implemented to the form of direct current motor, and when needing big steering force in another embodiment and especially, it also is very suitable that an operative combination system is set.In the present embodiment, insert in the centre under the situation of one section underground, realize the operation of clutch suitably.

The control of clutch 4 and gearbox 6 realizes that by control gear 44 described control gear constitutes an element of construction with clutch actuating mechanism 46 suitably, and in another embodiment, and it also can be favourable being installed in it on other position of automobile.The operation of clutch 4 and gearbox 6 can be carried out with the automatic method of operation automatically by control gear 44, perhaps by the driver by conversion equipment 60, carry out with the manual method of operation as the operating handle input command, wherein, obtain input command by sensor 61.In the automatic method of operation, the gear bit map is undertaken by control executing mechanism 46,48,50 correspondingly according to characteristic curve, and described characteristic curve is stored in attaches troops to a unit in the storage of control gear 44.Many the programs of being determined by at least one characteristic curve of driving are arranged, the driver can select in these programs, for example drives motion for line range of driving preface that motor 2 power turn round best, drives the economic process that motor 2 energy consumptions turn round best or wherein guarantees the program in winter that driver safety drives a car best.In addition, in described embodiment, characteristic curve can adapt to driver's situation and/or other boundary conditions such as couplings such as track friction condition, external temperature.In Fig. 1, schematically show switch member 65,66, they are used to start/cancel the described program of driving.

Control gear 18 comes controlling and driving motor 2 by control fuel combination supply or component, wherein, show the air throttle 22 that has actuator 30 in the drawings typically, grasp its opening angle and give control gear 18 its signal conveys by an angle level sensor 20.In other embodiment who drives engine control, the hypothesis driven motor is an internal-combustion engine, a corresponding signal is provided then for control gear 18, can determine fuel combination component and/or the volume of being carried according to this signal.With suitable manner, this of existing lambda seeker signal is used.

In addition, in the present embodiment, control gear 18 can utilize one by driver's operation and the signal load beam 14 that its position is measured by sensor 16, one relevant with engine speed and by signal, the signal of an intake manifold pressure sensor 26 and the signal of a cooling-water temperature sensor 24 for speed probe 28 generations of motor driven shaft configuration.Can according to structurally and/or the branch that is separated from each other on the function construct control gear 18,44, they are linked to each other as the electrical connection that is used for exchanges data by CAN-bus 54 or another with suitable manner then.But especially because the function division can not be always very clear and definite, and because mating reaction is necessary, so each branch of control gear is merged, this also can be favourable.Especially in definite stage of gear bit map, control gear 44 is from rotating speed and/or moment of torsion aspect controlling and driving motor 2.

Not only clutch actuating mechanism 46 but also gear box actuator 48,50 produce the signal that can be derived the actuator position by it at least, and described signal uses for control gear 44.Here, position measurement is carried out in actuator, wherein, has adopted increment sensor, and it has determined the position of actuator's relative datum point.But in another embodiment, sensor is arranged on outside the actuator and/or for example determines that by a potentiometer absolute position also can be suitable.Owing to can dispose a joint stroke and an actuator position of determining for clutch 4 point of action are corresponding, therefore, determine actuator position particular importance concerning clutch actuating mechanism.In when starting and on-stream, it is favourable especially waiting the point of action that repeatedly redefines clutch 4 according to parameter such as clutch abrasion, clutch temp.Determine that the gear box actuator position is to determining that the gear ratio of hanging is very important.

In addition, control gear 44 can use the signal of the speed probe 72,73 of non-driving wheel 75,76.For determining the speed of a motor vehicle, consider that the mean value of speed probe 70,71 or 72,73 is so that the balancing speed difference is significant when turning.Can calculate the speed of a motor vehicle by tach signal, the identification of can also skidding.In the drawings, the output of control gear connection illustrates with solid line, and the input connection is shown in broken lines.Only schematically drawn being connected of sensor 70,71,73 and control gear 42.

The branch 36 of control gear can exert an influence to driving torque and/or braking torque by driving motor 2, clutch 4 and/or wheel braking cylinder.This part of control gear receives the signal of wheel speed sensor 70,71,72,34 so that operation braking pedal 32.

As conversion equipment, Fig. 2 shows the operating position configuration 100 on selector 60, and wherein, N is corresponding to neutral position 101, and R is corresponding to the reverse gear position.N, R and between+104 and-105 the gear that advances (V) the 103rd of mid point, such position, promptly selector 60 shapes are coincide or power transmission is fixed on the described position with being connected, thereby selector leaves described position with can only overcoming appreciable resistance.+ 104 ,-105 and D/M106 be such position, promptly selector 60 is not fixed on the described position, selector 60 remains on the gear 103 that advances under spring action with being tensioned and 104,105,106 returns home position 103 automatically from the position.When changing the manual method of operation at the same time over to, if gearbox 4 is shift transmissions, then+104 and-105 caused changing to the next one more high tap position or low-grade location more, if and gearbox 4 is infinitely variable transmissions, then cause increasing or reducing gear ratio, position D/M causes and is not manually changing between the method for operation and the automatic method of operation with changing gear ratio.

Except available selector 60 the manual method of operation with change between the method for operation automatically, at least also be provided with one and be used to select at least that another is different from the switch member of first automatic speed changing than the gear ratio preference pattern of preference pattern.

In one embodiment, the first gear ratio preference pattern is the standard gear ratio preference pattern of a normal driving operation, and described another automatic speed changing is a special pattern such as a winter mode for driving to design on smooth track than preference pattern.In another embodiment, than preference pattern, stipulated a kind of pattern of driving that environmental consciousness arranged especially and a kind of motion mode of travelling as described another automatic speed changing.These embodiments can exist alone or in combination.The gear ratio preference pattern can be selected by switch member 107,108,109.

Standard gear ratio preference pattern is such pattern, and wherein, control gear 18,36,44,46 is control motor 2, clutch 4 and gearboxes 6 so, promptly in normal driving condition with when travelling mode normally, guarantees the operation of the best.

Being in particular the gear ratio preference pattern of driving on smooth track and designing is such pattern, and the starting moment of torsion that promptly wherein utilizes relative standard's pattern to reduce is started to walk.A pattern like this can be called as winter mode.

For example can be by gear ratio less than the starting of normal used starting gear ratio realize the starting to walk reduction of moment of torsion.In another embodiment, can come torque limiting, that is, reduce moment of torsion by in check disengagement by clutch 4.Another embodiment can realize the reduction of starting moment of torsion by internal-combustion engine,, if described internal-combustion engine is under the situation of fast burn engine, has reduced Engine torque by regulating air throttle that is.In another embodiment, driving torque is by being reduced with wheel braking cylinder brake wheel 12.The embodiment of all propositions also can be used in combination.

For example, one economical especially and have the feature of the driving model of environmental consciousness to be, is so to realize to the control of the parts of influential effect, that is, oil consumption has obtained operation especially efficiently relatively.This embodiment comprises that the driving motor of having avoided unnecessary sharply quickens and soft joint and disengagement.

The motion mode of travelling has realized with power being the operation of target.Select gear ratio by control gear 18,44, thereby drive motor in the best power district or at least near this ground, power district running.In step-gear transmission, for example at first when rotating speed is high, hang top gear more into subordinate, wherein clutch is thrown off apace or is connected by corresponding in gearshift procedure.

Fig. 3,3a represent block diagram 200,250, and they show the change over condition between the automatic method of operation with first gear ratio preference pattern (frame 203,253) and the manual method of operation (frame 205,255).

After connecting igniting, as indicating with starting 201 among Fig. 3, selector is hung the gear that advances from neutral gear N, see frame 202, the automatic method of operation that then has the first gear ratio preference pattern starts (seeing frame 203), and produce a feature, can determine the mode of operation that adjusts now to be set to a value according to this feature as variable B.In the frame 204, when operation D/M transducer, select the automatic method of operation or the manual method of operation according to present mode of operation.For example, if B=a then carries out conversion 2045, change the manual method of operation (frame 205) over to, and the value of variable B is adjusted to m.Again operate D/M transducer (frame 204) and cause and return the 2043 automatic methods of operation, and B becomes a value again.

The block diagram 250 of Fig. 3 a is illustrated in the startup under the automatic method of operation 253 with first gear ratio preference pattern, sees frame 251, and the corresponding conversion of carrying out between mode of operation 253,255 by operation D/

M transducer

2543,2545.

Shown in the block diagram 300 of Fig. 4, except that first automatic speed changing than the preference pattern (seeing frame 303), also have other automatic speed changing than preference pattern, see frame 303a, 303b.After hanging the gear that advances (seeing frame 302) in frame 301 starting and from N, enter the automatic method of operation (seeing frame 303), corresponding to the situation shown in Fig. 3, the 3a with first gear ratio preference pattern.Similarly, be by operation D/M transducer and to 304 realizations of determining of existing mode of operation in the manual method of operation (seeing frame 306) and conversion between the automatic method of operation (seeing frame 303) with first gear ratio preference pattern.

Can select described other automatic speed changing than preference pattern (frame 303a, 303b) by operating a corresponding mode selection switch, see frame 305.Shown in block diagram 300, can be only from automatic operating operation mode (frame 303) with first gear ratio preference pattern another automatic speed changing of picking than preference pattern, frame 303a, 303b.Select another automatic speed changing than preference pattern (frame 303a or 303b) in order from the manual method of operation, (to see frame 306), must change the automatic method of operation over to by operation D/M transducer earlier, see frame 303 with first gear ratio preference pattern.This is very inconvenient to the driver, especially when described another automatic speed changing is an above-mentioned winter mode than preference pattern, and this may mean concerning the driver and is unfavorable for driving safety, is not access in because winter mode may insert too slowly or at all.

The block diagram 400 expressions advantageous embodiments of the present invention of Fig. 5.Describedly with Fig. 4 different be, by the operator scheme selector switch, see frame 405, not only can from the automatic method of operation, (see frame 403) and select another automatic speed changing, and can from the manual method of operation, select a described automatic speed changing than preference pattern (seeing frame 406) than preference pattern (seeing

frame

403a or 403b) with first gear ratio preference pattern.When from the manual method of operation (seeing frame 406), selecting another automatic speed changing (seeing

frame

403a or 403b), not necessarily to change the automatic method of operation (frame 403) earlier over to first gear ratio preference pattern than preference pattern.When described another automatic speed changing is above-mentioned winter mode than preference pattern, can change this pattern as required and fast over to.If described another automatic speed changing is above-mentioned economic driving model or the motion mode of travelling than preference pattern, then for the driver, he can more cosily select.Again the operator scheme selector switch just equals choice criteria gear ratio preference pattern and gets back to the automatic method of operation with first gear ratio preference pattern again, sees frame 403.

Figure 6 illustrates embodiment's favourable improvement project.Block diagram 500 shows other gear

ratio preference pattern

503a, 503b, the 503c of the automatic method of operation, the driver not only can (see picture frame 503) by mode selection switch and change these gear ratio preference patterns (seeing frame 505) over to, and can change over to from the manual method of operation (seeing frame 506) from the automatic method of operation with first gear ratio preference pattern.In addition, select another gear ratio preference pattern (

frame

503a, 503b, 503c) of the automatic method of operation also can realize, see frame 508,507 by control gear.When the parameter of determining reaches predetermined standard time, carry out the selection of another gear ratio preference pattern (

frame

503a, 503b or 503c) of the automatic method of operation.

Fig. 7 shows the predetermined standard time that ought reach parameter and selects to have the automatic method of operation of another automatic speed changing than preference pattern (

frame

503a, 503b or 503c) by control gear (seeing frame 508,507).

When identifying winter during smooth or moist track, select winter mode by control gear as described above, see frame 508,507.This identification can be based on rotating speed and/or torsional analysis.Here, the rotation speed n of driving wheel _aRotation speed n with non-driving wheel _nContrast surpassing certain rotation speed difference deltan n=S ₁The time/indicate wheel spin (Durchdrehen).

Sensitivity limit S ₁For example can be changed, thereby when speed discrepancy increases, promptly above the new low sensitivity limit S2 time, advantageously be selected winter mode in advance by the ASR effect carried out or when external temperature is low.

If have only the rotating speed of driving wheel available, then its gradient can represent that the track is smooth when surpassing predetermined value.The quick reduction of driving torque also can be used to represent the idle running (Durchdrehen) of wheel.In addition, the present invention quotes in first to file DE19926022 or application thereafter, and their content belongs to the application's open scope clearly.

The block diagram 600 expressions same favourable improvement project of the present invention of Fig. 8.Carry out the selection of the gear ratio preference pattern (frame 603,603a, 603b or 603c) of the automatic method of operation according to the signal of at least one mode selection switch, see frame 602.Operation D/M transducer (seeing frame 604) causes in the manually method of operation (frame 605) and the conversion between the method for operation (frame 603,603a, 603b or 603c) automatically.In the manual method of operation and the conversion between the method for operation automatically is respectively in the manual method of operation and have between the automatic method of operation of selected gear ratio preference pattern and carry out.

The block diagram 700 of Fig. 9 shows the of the present invention favourable improvement project under the winter mode for example once more.Starting enters the automatic mode with first gear ratio preference pattern in 701, and promptly mode standard 702.By operation D/M transducer 106, change (7023) manually method of operation over to, operation winter mode button 107 changes (7024) winter mode over to.Again operation (7032) D/M transducer 106 with operate (7024) winter mode button 107 again and returned the automatic method of operation the samely with standard gear ratio preference pattern 702.

Operation (7034a) winter mode button 107 has been connected winter mode 704 in the manual method of operation.Operation (7043) D/M transducer 106 causes and changes the manual method of operation 703 in the mode 7 04 in the winter time, has guaranteed simultaneously, when operating (7043b) D/M transducer 106 again winter mode 704 is returned in realization.

Proposed according to another the present invention with imagining, link to each other with the gearbox of automobile of the present invention, a motor is set, its rotor for example links to each other with a flywheel free to rotate or constitutes it, described flywheel is advantageously by at least one clutch and can separate so that utilize flywheel moment (Schwungnutz) with drive unit such as internal-combustion engine and driven shaft, like this, can form the combined type drive unit by this structure.According to this scheme, gearbox can be for example converts motor the device of electric energy to as the starter assembly of internal-combustion engine, generator, local drives, whole drive unit and with kinetic energy all sidedly, perhaps throw off at internal-combustion engine, during car deceleration rotor as the device (energy recovery) that under the situation of flywheel kinetic energy is changed into rotational kinetic energy.

The application is the unbiased suggestion of having done in order to obtain wide as far as possible scope of patent protection of writing.Claimant's reservation is made up so far the only right of disclosed technical characteristics in specification and/or accompanying drawing according to alternate manner.

These embodiments should not be considered to be limitation of the present invention.In the scope of disclosure file; can make many modifications and improvement; especially such variant embodiment; parts and/or compound mode and/or material; promptly in order to finish task of the present invention; those skilled in the art can be by individually carrying out and whole specification; as long as combination that described and shown in the drawings feature of embodiment and claims or parts or operation are relevant or change and be susceptible to these and can obtain a new protection theme or new method or method order by feature capable of being combined are them and production method; inspection method is relevant with operating method.

Claims

1. automobile, have a driving motor, gearbox with the device that is used to change gear ratio, a control gear and a conversion equipment, wherein, this gearbox can manually moved in the method for operation and the automatic method of operation, the gear ratio change is undertaken by the manually-operable conversion equipment in the manual method of operation, and under the automatic method of operation, automatically carry out the change of gear ratio in than preference pattern by control gear in first automatic speed changing, this gearbox can be access in another automatic speed changing that is used for the automobilism on smooth track at least of the automatic method of operation than preference pattern.

2. automobile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the gear ratio preference pattern, to start to walk with respect to the used littler starting moment of torsion of moment of torsion of cruising operation.

3. automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the selection of gear ratio preference pattern is manually to realize by a switch member.

4. automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the selection of gear ratio preference pattern is to realize automatically.

5. automobile as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, carries out this automatic selection according to a kind of analysing and processing, and this control gear input parameter reaches a threshold values in this analysing and processing.

6. automobile as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that this parameter is an external temperature.

7. automobile as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, this parameter is that an indication anti-slip is regulated the parameter that works.

8. automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, when smooth track pattern was converted and turns back to automatic mode, the automatic mode in this smooth track was selected.