CN116578520B - Coding counting type USB reliable transmission method and device suitable for images - Google Patents
Coding counting type USB reliable transmission method and device suitable for images Download PDFInfo
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- CN116578520B CN116578520B CN202310862839.5A CN202310862839A CN116578520B CN 116578520 B CN116578520 B CN 116578520B CN 202310862839 A CN202310862839 A CN 202310862839A CN 116578520 B CN116578520 B CN 116578520B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/466—Transaction processing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
- H04L1/203—Details of error rate determination, e.g. BER, FER or WER
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
The invention discloses a coding counting type USB reliable transmission method and a device suitable for images, which are used for adjusting the USB transmission type according to the real-time error rate, when a device side detects that the transmission error rate is greater than or equal to a set threshold value, a control module at a host side starts a hybrid transmission mode, N frame data transmitted next is divided into an isochronous transmission data part and a batch transmission data part, and the proportion of isochronous transmission and batch transmission data is changed according to the real-time size of the error rate so as to maintain the accuracy of the data until the transmission error rate is reduced to be less than or equal to the threshold value or the transmission is completed. The invention can adjust the transmission mode in real time according to the error rate caused by the interference when the external interference is high under the condition of not changing the USB bottom layer protocol, thereby reducing the error rate and improving the image quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a data transmission control method, in particular to a USB data transmission control method.
Background
USB is a universal serial bus protocol, and the protocol is divided into a host and a functional device for a USB system, as shown in fig. 1, the data transmission between the host and the functional device may be divided into the following steps: 1. the client software initiates an IRP (I/O request packet) by calling a USBD (USB driver), consumes data transmitted from the application end of the functional equipment or produces data transmitted in the past, and the data are temporarily stored in a data buffer area; usbd calls the appropriate HCD (host controller driver) to respond to the IRP, converting the data in the IRP to one or several transfer(s); hcd converts IRP to transaction and maintains a transaction table; 4. the host controller causes bus actions based on the transaction table and ensures that protocol access restrictions to the bus are respected.
The USB protocol specifies four transmission types: control transmissions, interrupt transmissions, bulk transmissions, and isochronous transmissions. The isochronous transmission is a transmission scheme in which bandwidth and time interval are defined in advance, and is therefore often used in a transmission scenario with relatively high real-time performance. For example, an isochronous transmission mode is generally adopted between an audio or video device and a host, and when playing, a computer or a USB host transmits digital audio data to a USB audio device in an isochronous transmission mode, and then the device converts the digital audio data by D/a and then generates and outputs an analog sound signal. The batch transmission is a transmission mode without bandwidth guarantee, the batch transmission can occur when the bus is idle and no other transmission takes up, the batch transmission can tolerate waiting, the batch transmission can utilize any available bandwidth, and the batch transmission is a reliable transmission mode with a retransmission mechanism, and the batch transmission can be retransmitted for three times at most, and if the batch transmission exceeds three times, the receiving endpoint is considered to send a fault to apply for resetting.
In order to ensure data instantaneity, a data retransmission mechanism is not specified in the protocol to ensure data correctness, and adding the retransmission mechanism in the isochronous transmission needs to change the underlying protocol of the USB device. However, in the actual data transmission process, data errors caused by interference of electromagnetic signals, for example, are unavoidable, and the conventional process is simple error data discarding because of no retransmission mechanism. But the receiver knows which data was discarded due to the detection of CRC redundancy code within the packet. For audio and video devices, discarding of data means that the continuity of sound and image is compromised, and the phenomenon is represented as degradation of sound or image quality. In the case of normal-level audio or video, in which the frequency of occurrence of data errors is relatively low, such degradation of sound quality or image quality is within a receivable range, so that the use of such devices is not affected. However, for the two cases that data transmission errors occur frequently or high-end audio or video equipment has high requirements on sound quality and image quality, no effective measures are taken to reduce the error rate occurring in data transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the prior art, a coding counting type USB reliable transmission method and a device suitable for images are provided, and the error rate of data transmission is reduced.
The technical scheme is as follows: a method for encoding counting type USB reliable transmission suitable for images, comprising: the data transmission type adopted by the method is isochronous transmission or mixed transmission, and the mixed transmission is mixed by isochronous transmission and batch transmission;
in the process of data real-time transmission, counting the number of times of data discarding occurring in continuous N frames and the number of times of retransmission of batch transmission in a mixed transmission mode, summing the number of times of data discarding and the number of times of retransmission, and calculating the ratio X of the sum in the data quantity of N frames;
when the duty ratio X is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value M, the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type adopts mixed transmission, otherwise, isochronous transmission is adopted.
Further, when the hybrid transmission is adopted, the next continuous N frames of image data are divided into an isochronous transmission data portion and a batch transmission data portion, wherein the ratio of the batch transmission data portion to the total data amount is Y, and the ratio Y is positively related to the ratio X.
Further, the ratio Y is a function of the duty ratio X, when M.ltoreq.X < 1.5M, Y=K (X-M), K being a linear coefficient, K being greater than 1; when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and E value is more than 1; when 2.0M is less than or equal to X, Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is greater than 1.
Further, the k=0.5/M.
Further, the E value takes a natural constant E.
Further, the Q value takes a natural constant e.
The coding counting type USB reliable transmission device is suitable for images, image data are transmitted between a host end and a device end, the host end is configured with client software, a transaction table and a host controller, and the device end is configured with a device bus interface; the device comprises a counting module configured at the equipment end and a control module configured at the host end;
the counting module is used for counting the number of data discarding times occurring in continuous N frames and the number of retransmission times of batch transmission in a mixed transmission mode in the real-time data transmission process, summing the number of data discarding times and the number of retransmission times, calculating the ratio X of the sum in the N frame data quantity, and transmitting the ratio X to the control module of the host side;
the control module is configured to send a corresponding control signal to the client software according to the duty ratio X, specifically: when the duty ratio X is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M, the control signal is mixed transmission of the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type, otherwise, the control signal is isochronous transmission of the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type;
when the mixed transmission is adopted, the client software divides the next continuous N frames of image data into an isochronous transmission data part and a batch transmission data part, wherein the proportion of the batch transmission data part to the total data amount is Y, and the proportion Y is positively related to the proportion X;
the IRP corresponding to the two transmission types is converted into corresponding transaction by USBD and HCD system software at the host end, then the transaction table is updated, the host controller sends a control signal to the device bus interface according to the updated transaction table, and bandwidth is redistributed to the isochronous transmission transaction and batch transmission transaction, so that the transmission of continuous N frames of image data is executed.
Further, the ratio Y is a function of the duty ratio X, when M.ltoreq.X < 1.5M, Y=K (X-M), K being a linear coefficient, K being greater than 1; when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and E value is more than 1; when 2.0M is less than or equal to X, Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is greater than 1.
Further, the k=0.5/M.
Further, both the E value and the Q value take a natural constant E.
The beneficial effects are that: under the condition that the USB bottom layer protocol is not changed, when external interference occurs, the invention can adjust the transmission mode in real time according to the error rate caused by the interference, thereby reducing the error rate and improving the image quality.
The invention sets three models, can dynamically adjust the proportion of the batch transmission data part in the next N frames to the total data quantity according to the real-time change of the error rate, and performs data error correction through a retransmission mechanism of batch transmission so as to maintain the accuracy of data transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a USB data stream transmission process;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a coded count type USB reliable transmission device suitable for an image is provided, in which image data is transmitted between a host 001 and a device 003, the host 001 is configured with client software 002, a transaction table 008 and a host controller 009, and the device 003 is configured with a device bus interface 010; the device comprises a counting module 011 configured at the equipment side 003 and a control module 004 configured at the host side 001.
The counting module 011 is configured to count the number of data discarding times occurring in N consecutive frames and the number of retransmission times of batch transmission in a hybrid transmission manner in a real-time data transmission process, sum the number of data discarding times and the number of retransmission times after receiving N frames, calculate a ratio X of the sum in the N frame data amount, that is, an error rate, and transmit the ratio X to the control module 004 of the host 001 in a data packet form. The value of N is set by the user at the time of debugging, and defaults to 10.
The control module is used for sending a corresponding control signal to 002 client software according to the duty ratio X, and specifically: when the duty ratio X is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value M, the data error rate is considered to be too high at the moment, the control signal is mixed transmission for the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type, otherwise, the control signal is isochronous transmission for the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type. The threshold M is between 0 and 15%, and is specifically set by the user during debugging to meet the actual requirement, and the higher the image quality requirement of the user is, the smaller the threshold M can be set. Correspondingly, the equipment side 003 is provided with a single error rate statistical range debugging interface 013 and an error rate threshold debugging interface 012, and a user can adjust the operation process of the device according to the image quality requirement. When the host 001 and the device 003 communicate for the first time, the device 003 transmits a preset threshold M set through the bit error rate threshold debug interface 012 to the control module 004 of the host 001.
When mixed transmission is adopted, the client software 002 divides the next continuous N frames of image data into an isochronous transmission data portion and a batch transmission data portion, wherein the ratio of the batch transmission data portion to the total data amount is Y, the ratio Y is positively correlated with the ratio X, the higher the bit error rate is, the higher the ratio of the batch transmission data portion in the mixed transmission is, and the larger the corresponding error data amount corrected by the retransmission mechanism of the batch transmission is, so that the accuracy of data transmission is maintained. The invention sets three models:
linear model: when M is less than or equal to X and less than 1.5M, Y=K (X-M), K is a linear coefficient, and the K value is required to be more than 1; the K value is set by the user during debugging and defaults to 0.5/M.
An exponential model: when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and the E value is required to be more than 1; the value of E is set by the user during debugging and defaults to a natural constant E.
Logarithmic model: when 2.0M is less than or equal to X and Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is required to be more than 1. The Q value is set by the user during debugging, and defaults to a natural constant e.
Wherein the Y value in the logarithmic model increases fastest with the X value, and secondly, the exponential model increases slowest with the linear model. Correspondingly, three interfaces of the connection control module 004 can be configured at the host end 001, namely a linear increment K value setting interface 005, an exponential increment E value setting interface 006 and a logarithmic increment Q value setting interface 007.
IRPs corresponding to the two transmission types are converted into corresponding transactions by USBD and HCD system software at the host end, then the transaction table 008 is updated, and the host controller 009 sends a control signal to the device bus interface 010 at the device end 003 according to the updated transaction table 008, and reallocates bandwidth to isochronous transmission transactions and batch transmission transactions, so that transmission of continuous N-frame image data is performed.
And repeating the dynamic adjustment process until the data transmission is completed. In the dynamic adjustment process, when the error rate is reduced to be within the threshold value, the isochronous transmission mode is restored, so that the quick and stable transmission of the data is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 3, a reliable transmission method of a coded count type USB suitable for an image uses an isochronous transmission or a hybrid transmission, and the hybrid transmission is performed by mixing the isochronous transmission and the bulk transmission. In the process of data real-time transmission, the number of data discarding times occurring in continuous N frames and the number of retransmission times of batch transmission in a mixed transmission mode are counted, the sum of the number of data discarding times and the number of retransmission times is calculated, and the ratio X of the sum in the data quantity of the N frames is calculated. When the duty ratio X is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value M, the next continuous N frame image data transmission type adopts mixed transmission, otherwise, isochronous transmission is adopted.
When the mixed transmission is adopted, the next continuous N frames of image data are divided into an isochronous transmission data portion and a batch transmission data portion, wherein the ratio of the batch transmission data portion to the total data amount is Y, and the ratio Y is positively related to the ratio X. Specifically, the ratio Y is a function of the duty ratio X, when M is less than or equal to X < 1.5M, y=k (X-M), K being a linear coefficient, the K value being greater than 1; when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and E value is more than 1; when 2.0M is less than or equal to X, Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is greater than 1. Wherein, K value defaults to 0.5/M, and E value and Q value both defaults to natural constant E.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for encoding counting type USB reliable transmission suitable for images, comprising: the data transmission type adopted by the method is isochronous transmission or mixed transmission, and the mixed transmission is mixed by isochronous transmission and batch transmission;
in the process of data real-time transmission, counting the number of times of data discarding occurring in continuous N frames and the number of times of retransmission of batch transmission in a mixed transmission mode, summing the number of times of data discarding and the number of times of retransmission, and calculating the ratio X of the sum in the data quantity of N frames;
when the duty ratio X is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value M, the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type adopts mixed transmission, otherwise, isochronous transmission is adopted.
2. The USB reliable transmission method of coded count for images according to claim 1, wherein when said hybrid transmission is employed, the next consecutive N frames of image data are divided into an isochronous transmission data portion and a bulk transmission data portion, wherein the bulk transmission data portion is in proportion to the total data amount, Y, and Y is positively correlated with said duty X.
3. The USB reliable transmission method of coded count suitable for images according to claim 2, characterized in that the ratio Y is a function of the duty X, when M is less than or equal to X < 1.5M, y=k (X-M), K being a linear coefficient, K being greater than 1; when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and E value is more than 1; when 2.0M is less than or equal to X, Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is greater than 1.
4. A USB reliable transmission method according to claim 3, wherein k=0.5/M.
5. A USB reliable transfer method according to claim 3, wherein the E value takes a natural constant E.
6. A USB reliable transfer method according to claim 3, wherein the Q value takes a natural constant e.
7. The coding counting type USB reliable transmission device suitable for the image is characterized in that image data is transmitted between a host end and a device end, wherein the host end is configured with client software, a transaction table and a host controller, and the device end is configured with a device bus interface; the device comprises a counting module configured at the equipment end and a control module configured at the host end;
the counting module is used for counting the number of data discarding times occurring in continuous N frames and the number of retransmission times of batch transmission in a mixed transmission mode in the real-time data transmission process, summing the number of data discarding times and the number of retransmission times, calculating the ratio X of the sum in the N frame data quantity, and transmitting the ratio X to the control module of the host side;
the control module is configured to send a corresponding control signal to the client software according to the duty ratio X, specifically: when the duty ratio X is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M, the control signal is mixed transmission of the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type, otherwise, the control signal is isochronous transmission of the next continuous N-frame image data transmission type;
when the mixed transmission is adopted, the client software divides the next continuous N frames of image data into an isochronous transmission data part and a batch transmission data part, wherein the proportion of the batch transmission data part to the total data amount is Y, and the proportion Y is positively related to the proportion X;
the IRP corresponding to the two transmission types is converted into corresponding transaction by USBD and HCD system software at the host end, then the transaction table is updated, the host controller sends a control signal to the device bus interface according to the updated transaction table, and bandwidth is redistributed to the isochronous transmission transaction and batch transmission transaction, so that the transmission of continuous N frames of image data is executed.
8. The USB reliable transfer device of claim 7, wherein the ratio Y is a function of the duty ratio X, and when M is less than or equal to X < 1.5M, y=k (X-M), K is a linear coefficient, and K is greater than 1; when X is more than or equal to 1.5M and less than 2.0M, Y=E (X-M) -1, E is an exponential coefficient, and E value is more than 1; when 2.0M is less than or equal to X, Y=ln (X-M+1)/lnQ, Q is a logarithmic coefficient, and the Q value is greater than 1.
9. The USB reliable transfer device of claim 8, wherein k=0.5/M.
10. The USB reliable transfer device of claim 8, wherein the E and Q values each take a natural constant E.
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