CN115792246B - Direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card and application thereof in aspect of detecting red blood cells - Google Patents
Direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card and application thereof in aspect of detecting red blood cells Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card and application thereof in detecting erythrocytes, the chip card comprises a bottom sheet and a cover sheet, a sample adding region, a marking region and a reaction region are arranged on the surface of the bottom sheet, the marking region is marked with fluorescent probes, the fluorescent probes are respectively marked with an anti-IgG antibody and a C3d antibody, and the reaction region is respectively coated with the anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody. The method omits multi-step dilution, has simple operation and high sensitivity, can directly obtain quantized accurate results aiming at samples with different intensities, and has higher accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological detection, and particularly relates to a direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card and application thereof in detecting erythrocytes.
Background
The antihuman globulin test is a classical method for detecting incomplete antibodies of red blood cells, and is an important basis for diagnosing neonatal hemolytic disease, autoimmune hemolytic disease and immune hemolytic transfusion reaction. The incomplete antibody is usually an IgG antibody, which can bind to a corresponding antigen, and can not bind to the determinants of both red blood cell antigens at the same time, so that no visible reaction occurs under normal conditions. The anti-human globulin antibody is used as a second antibody to achieve the function of a bridge, and is connected with a specific antibody combined with erythrocyte antigen to cause erythrocyte agglutination.
The existing common anti-human globulin detection methods mainly comprise a test tube method, a microplate method, a microcolumn gel method and the like, and the principle of the detection method is that incomplete antibodies and erythrocytes are utilized to generate agglutination reaction in vitro under the mediation of the anti-human globulin. However, the existing methods have limitations. For example, the test tube method needs to judge the agglutination degree by naked eyes, is greatly influenced by subjective factors, is easy to generate artificial errors, and cannot preserve the results; and red blood cells sensitized by the IgG type antibody are required to be added into a negative reaction test tube for confirming whether the negative reaction is accurate and reliable, and the operation is complicated. The microcolumn gel method is sensitive to the amount of incomplete antibodies sensitized on the surface of erythrocytes and the concentration of erythrocytes, so that false negative conditions often occur during detection when the amount of the sensitized incomplete antibodies is small or the concentration of erythrocytes is low, reagent gel is easy to deform and generate bubbles during transportation, and the air temperature also affects the size of a gel molecular sieve, thereby affecting the stability and reliability of a final detection result.
The microfluidic chip card has the advantages of simple operation, short reaction time, accurate diagnosis result, high sensitivity and the like, but can prolong the reaction time, reduce the sensitivity, have poor result repeatability and the like due to the fact that red blood cells block fluorescent signals greatly when the microfluidic chip card is applied to anti-human globulin projects. In view of the above, the invention aims to develop an anti-human globulin detection chip card which is simple to operate, high in sensitivity, good in specificity and stable in quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card to solve the problems of complex detection, insensitive operation and inaccuracy and reliability of test tube method, microplate method and microcolumn gel method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card comprises a bottom plate and a cover plate, wherein the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a sample adding region, a marking region and a reaction region, the marking region is marked with fluorescent probes, the fluorescent probes are respectively marked with an anti-IgG antibody and a C3d antibody, and the reaction region is respectively coated with the anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody.
Further, a drainage column is arranged on the labeling area at the downstream of the fluorescent probe.
Further, the drainage columns are provided with a plurality of rows, and the distance between the drainage columns of adjacent rows gradually decreases from 60 mu m to 8 mu m along the flowing direction of the sample;
preferably, the distances between adjacent rows of drainage columns are set to 45-55 μm, 25-35 μm, 15-25 μm and 8-12 μm, respectively, in the direction of sample flow.
Further, the fluorescent probe is a fluorescent microsphere or a latex microsphere, and the particle size of the fluorescent probe is in the range of 1-10 mu m.
Further, a waste liquid area is arranged on the bottom plate in the downstream direction of the reaction area, a sample adding hole is formed in the position, facing the sample adding area, of the bottom of the cover plate, a micro-channel is formed in the position, facing the reaction area, of the bottom of the cover plate, a waste liquid groove is formed in the position, facing the waste liquid area, of the bottom of the cover plate, and a vent hole is formed in the bottom of the waste liquid groove.
The invention also provides application of the direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card in detecting erythrocytes.
Further, detecting the red blood cells includes the steps of:
taking a certain amount of packed red blood cells, adding red blood cell chromogenic fluorescent dye into normal saline to prepare suspension, taking the suspension, adding the suspension into a sample adding hole of a chip card, standing at room temperature for 5-8min, and then reading on a fluorescence detection machine.
Further, the red cell chromogenic fluorescent dye is Di series dye.
Further, the mass fraction of packed red blood cells in the suspension is 2-4%, and the mass fraction of the fluorescent dye for developing red blood cells in the suspension is 0.05-0.2%.
Further, the loading amount is 30-40. Mu.L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the red blood cells in the sample are firstly subjected to fluorescent staining by the fluorescent dye, and the red blood cells with fluorescent signals are used as fluorescent signal probes, so that the problem that the fluorescent signals are difficult to monitor due to the fact that the fluorescent microspheres are blocked by the overlarge red blood cell volume is solved compared with the traditional method.
2. Compared with the traditional microfluidic chip technology, the invention adopts fluorescent microspheres with larger diameters, improves the capturing capability of specific erythrocytes and can enrich the specific erythrocytes, and the bridging effect can be achieved among a plurality of specific erythrocytes, thereby solving the problems of signal shielding, long reaction time and poor result repeatability caused by overlarge volume of erythrocytes and overlarge volume of fluorescent microspheres.
3. The fluorescent dye and the fluorescent microsphere can play a role in bidirectionally amplifying signals, so that the sensitivity is further improved.
4. The drainage column structure above the marking area can promote the sufficient reaction of the red blood cells and the marked antibody, meanwhile, the distance between the adjacent drainage columns is gradually reduced to 10 mu m, and finally, only single red blood cells-marked antibody fluorescent compound is allowed to flow to the channel reaction area orderly in sequence through the gradual diversion function, so that the aggregation of the red blood cells is avoided, and the repeatability and the stability of the detection result are improved.
5. The fluorescent microsphere is marked with the anti-human globulin reagent anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody to form a fluorescent microsphere antibody conjugate, the anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody can specifically capture red blood cells and flow in a microchannel, and one unit of fluorescent microsphere molecule can be combined with a plurality of anti-IgG antibodies and C3d antibodies, so that the sensitivity of specifically capturing the red blood cells can be improved, and the red blood cells can be specifically captured even when the number of the specific red blood cells is small.
6. The anti-human globulin reagent anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody coated on the reaction region can specifically identify the red blood cells and effectively enrich the red blood cells again.
7. Finally, the coated antibody, the specific erythrocyte and the labeled antibody form an antibody-erythrocyte-composite fluorescent substance in a reaction area. The labeled antibody is captured in high efficiency, the coated antibody is specifically enriched, and the fluorescent probe is combined, so that the color can be rapidly developed, the sensitivity of the reagent is obviously improved, and the condition of missed detection when the number of specific red blood cells is small is effectively avoided.
8. The capture antibody is marked with fluorescent signal microsphere, the red blood cell is also dyed by fluorescent dye to have fluorescent signal, the fluorescent signal can be converted into digital signal value by using instrument, the fluorescent signal intensity and the digital signal value are in linear positive correlation, thus the sample intensity can be quantified. After the bidirectional amplification of the fluorescent microspheres and the fluorescent dye, the compound finally formed in the reaction area has stronger fluorescent signals, is more sensitive than naked eyes, and can objectively judge the result by reading the fluorescent signals through an instrument, so that subjective errors caused by naked eye judgment are avoided.
9. The conventional method in the market at present has complex operation steps, and samples with different intensities need to be subjected to multi-step dilution under unknown conditions to obtain a rough result, and the required time is long. The method can omit multi-step dilution, has simple sample pretreatment, needs shorter time, can judge the result after 5 minutes after sample addition, has simple operation steps compared with the traditional method, can directly obtain the quantized accurate result aiming at samples with different intensities, greatly shortens the detection time, avoids the manual error caused by multi-step dilution of the samples, has higher accuracy and really realizes effective and rapid detection.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a backsheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coverslip according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a channel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the drainage column according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a negative; 11. a sample adding area; 12. a marking area; 121. a drainage column; 13. a reaction zone; 14. a waste liquid zone; 2. a cover plate; 21. a sample adding hole; 22. a microchannel; 23. a waste liquid tank; 24. and a vent hole.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
As shown in figures 1-5, the direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card comprises a bottom plate 1 and a cover plate 2, wherein the surface of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a sample adding area 11, a marking area 12 and a reaction area 13, the marking area 12 is marked with a fluorescent probe, the fluorescent probe is coated with an anti-human globulin reagent, the reaction area 13 is coated with an anti-human globulin reagent channel, the marking area 12 is provided with a drainage column 121 at the downstream of the fluorescent probe, the drainage column 121 is provided with a plurality of rows, the distance between the adjacent rows of drainage columns 121 gradually decreases from 60 mu m to 8 mu m along the sample flowing direction, the fluorescent probe is fluorescent microspheres or latex microspheres, the particle size range of the fluorescent probe is 1 mu m-10 mu m, the bottom plate 1 is also provided with a waste liquid area 14 at the downstream of the reaction area 13, the cover plate 2 is provided with a sample adding hole 21 at the position right opposite to the sample adding area 11, the bottom of the cover plate 2 is provided with a micro-channel 22 at the position right opposite to the reaction area 13, the bottom of the cover plate 2 is provided with a waste liquid groove 23 at the position right opposite to the waste liquid area 14, and the bottom of the waste liquid groove 23 is provided with a vent hole 24.
The practice and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below by way of comparative examples and specific examples.
Example 1: preparation of detection reagent card
1. Pretreatment of antihuman globulin reagent
1mL of a broad-spectrum anti-human globulin reagent (anti-IgG and C3d antibody) was reacted with 2mg of EZ-LINK biotin, respectively, and after dialysis overnight at 4℃with 0.01M PBS, the protein concentration was measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, respectively. Biotinylated anti-IgG and biotinylated C3d antibodies were formed, respectively.
2. Preparation of the reaction solution
The biotinylated anti-IgG and biotinylated C3d antibody were diluted with 0.01M PBS to final concentrations of 0.01-10mg/mL and 0.01-10mg/mL, respectively, as required, to form reaction zone reaction solutions, in this example, the concentration of both the biotinylated C3d antibody reaction solution and the biotinylated anti-IgG reaction solution was 1mg/mL.
3. Preparation of microsphere-erythrocyte monoclonal antibody conjugate
Taking 1mL of latex microsphere, adding an anti-IgG antibody with the final concentration of 0.1mg/mL, reacting for 20min at room temperature, adding casein with the mass concentration of 1% for sealing for 10min, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and finally using 0.1mLPBS buffer solution for storage for later use.
Taking 1mL of latex microsphere, adding an anti-C3 d antibody with the final concentration of 0.1mg/mL, reacting for 20min at room temperature, adding casein with the mass concentration of 1% for sealing for 10min, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and finally using 0.1mLPBS buffer solution for storage for later use.
4. Chip fabrication
An avidin solution with a final concentration of 5mg/mL was spotted on the reaction area, incubated at room temperature for 1h, and rinsed with 0.01M PBS. The reaction zone is provided with two sites, namely a detection site 1 and a detection site 2 from bottom to top. The biotinylated C3d antibody reaction solution with the concentration of 1mg/mL obtained in the step 2 is spotted on the detection site 1 of the reaction zone, the biotinylated anti-IgG reaction solution with the concentration of 1mg/mL obtained in the step 2 is spotted on the detection site 2 of the reaction zone, the microsphere-anti-IgG antibody conjugate obtained in the step 3 and the microsphere-C3 d antibody conjugate are mixed according to the ratio of 1:1, 1 mu L of the mixture is spotted on the labeling zone, and the mixture is dried at normal temperature and then a cover plate is pressed on the bottom plate.
5. Preparing and split charging of diluent
A certain amount of NaCl is dissolved by pure water to prepare 0.9% NaCl solution, the diluted solution is split into 1mL centrifuge tubes, 500 mu L of each tube is used, and Did erythrocyte fluorescent dye is split into 0.5mL centrifuge tubes.
6. Bagging and sealing
Clamping a person reagent in an aluminum foil bag, placing a drying agent, sealing, and storing at 2-8deg.C.
Test example: comparative study of the detection method of the invention and other anti-human globulin detection methods
The comparison kit is an anti-human globulin (anti-IgG, C3 d) detection kit (test tube method) purchased from Shanghai blood biological medicine Limited company, an anti-human globulin (anti-IgG, anti-C3 d) detection card (micro-column gel method) purchased from Jiangsu Libo medical biotechnology Co., ltd, and a traditional micro-fluidic chip detection card prepared by the company, and no drainage column structure is arranged.
1. Test tube method: adding 3% erythrocyte suspension into test tube, washing with physiological saline three times, adding 2 drops of antihuman globulin, standing at room temperature for 5-10min, centrifuging, and observing the result with naked eye or light microscope.
2. Microcolumn gel method: adding a certain amount of packed red blood cells into normal saline to prepare 3% suspension, adding 50 mu L of the suspension into a micro-column gel card, incubating for 15min in an incubator at 37 ℃, centrifuging for 5min, and observing the result.
3. Traditional microfluidic methods: adding a certain amount of packed red blood cells into normal saline to prepare 3% suspension, adding 35 mu L of the suspension into a reagent card, standing at room temperature for 5-8min, and reading on a machine. The used microfluidic chip structure is a traditional chip structure, and no drainage column structure is arranged.
4. The method comprises the following steps: adding a certain amount of packed red blood cells into normal saline to prepare 3% suspension dyed by fluorescent dye, adding 35 mu L of the suspension into a reagent card, standing at room temperature for 5-8min, and reading on a machine. The micro-fluidic chip used in the method is an innovative and modified chip, and the structure of the micro-fluidic chip is a step-by-step flow-dividing structure of the flow-guiding columns, as shown in fig. 5, and the distances between adjacent flow-guiding columns are respectively 50 μm, 30 μm, 20 μm and 10 μm along the flow direction of a sample.
5. The test results were recorded by four methods for 10 positive and 5 negative samples, respectively.
Table 1 comparison of four detection methods
Table 2 comparison of the positive rates of the four detection methods
TABLE 3 microfluidic method fluorescence Signal value results
The results illustrate: positive sample 1 is a strong positive sample, after the sample is diluted 256 times by a test tube method, 78 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 78 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 165948 (strong positive) and 195366 (strong positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 156859 (strong positive) and 256311 (strong positive).
Positive sample 2 is also a strong positive sample, after the sample is diluted 128 times by a test tube method, 70 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 56 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 102284 (strong positive) and 215129 (strong positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 125541 (strong positive) and 195002 (strong positive).
Positive sample 3 is a strong positive sample, after the sample is diluted 256 times by a test tube method, 76 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 72 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 96654 (strong positive) and 115688 (strong positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 163594 (strong positive) and 231688 (strong positive).
Positive sample 4 is a strong positive sample, 68 agglutinations can be seen by IgG when diluted 256 times and 78 agglutinations can be seen by C3d when diluted 128 times by a test tube method, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 126843 (strong positive) and 65537 (medium positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 168436 (strong positive) and 186349 (strong positive).
Positive sample 5 is a medium positive sample, 56 agglutinations can be seen by IgG after the sample is diluted 64 times by a test tube method, 64 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 46337 (medium positive) and 102678 (strong positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 88433 (medium positive) and 113699 (medium positive).
Positive sample 6 is a medium positive sample, after the sample is diluted 64 times by a test tube method, 32 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 64 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 23684 (weak positive) and 63114 (medium positive), and the reading signal values of the method are 80322 (medium positive) and 120059 (medium positive).
Positive sample 7 is a medium positive sample, after the sample is diluted 32 times by a test tube method, 28 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 16 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the signal values read by the traditional microfluidic method are 76332 (medium positive) and 32697 (strong positive), and the signal values read by the method are 65664 (medium positive) and 83678 (medium positive).
Positive sample 8 is a weak positive sample, after the sample is diluted 2 times by a test tube method, 6 agglutinations can be seen by IgG, 6 agglutinations can be seen by C3d, the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 1005 (negative) and 2641 (negative), and the reading signal values of the method are 6029 (weak positive) and 10026 (weak positive).
Positive sample 9 is a weak positive sample, 6 agglutinations can be seen by IgG after 4 times of dilution of the sample by a test tube method, 2 agglutinations can be seen by C3d after 8 times of dilution, and the reading signal values of the traditional microfluidic method are 2001 (negative) and 1322 (negative) respectively, and the reading signal values of the method are 15266 (weak positive) and 21335 (weak positive) respectively.
Positive sample 10 is a weak positive sample, after the sample is diluted 4 times by a test tube method, igG can see 2 agglutinations, C3d can see 4 agglutinations, signal values read by a traditional microfluidic method are 2638 (negative) and 998 (negative), and signal values read by the method are 9988 (weak positive) and 16645 (weak positive). The detection results of the 5 negative sample test tube method, the traditional microfluidic method and the method are all negative.
The method and the test tube method have good consistency and consistency, and the traditional microfluidic method has the problems of positive omission, poor consistency, long reaction time and the like. When the test tube method is used for judging and reading the result, firstly, the test tube method is diluted to a certain multiple, then a plurality of agglutination numbers are used, if the agglutination numbers are too large, the test tube method is further diluted and then counted until the test tube method is diluted to a proper multiple so as to count the agglutination numbers to record the result, so that the step of reading the result is complex, and human errors are easily caused by subjective judgment. The method outputs the result in a mode of directly having the fluorescent signal value, the result reading mode is simpler, the required reaction time is short, subjective factors of naked eyes are not existed, and the method is more accurate.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card is characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate and a cover plate, wherein the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a sample adding region, a marking region and a reaction region, the marking region is marked with fluorescent probes, the fluorescent probes respectively mark an anti-IgG antibody and a C3d antibody, the reaction region is respectively coated with the anti-IgG antibody and the C3d antibody, the fluorescent probes are fluorescent microspheres or latex microspheres, the particle size range is 1 mu m-10 mu m,
a drainage column is arranged on the marking area at the downstream of the fluorescent probe,
the drainage columns are arranged in a plurality of rows, the distance between the drainage columns of adjacent rows gradually decreases from 60 mu m to 8 mu m along the flowing direction of the sample,
the method for detecting the red blood cells by using the direct anti-human globulin microfluidic detection chip card comprises the following steps:
adding a certain amount of packed red blood cells and red blood cell chromogenic fluorescent dye into normal saline to prepare suspension, adding the suspension into a sample adding hole of a chip card, standing for 5-8min at room temperature, reading on a fluorescence detection machine,
the red cell chromogenic fluorescent dye is Di series dye.
2. The direct anti-human globulin microfluidic test chip card of claim 1, wherein: a waste liquid area is also arranged on the bottom plate in the downstream direction of the reaction area, a sample adding hole is arranged on the cover plate and right opposite to the sample adding area, a micro-channel is arranged on the bottom of the cover plate and right opposite to the reaction area, and a waste liquid tank is arranged on the bottom of the cover plate and right opposite to the waste liquid area.
3. The direct anti-human globulin microfluidic test chip card of claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of packed red blood cells in the suspension is 2-4%, and the mass fraction of the fluorescent dye for developing red blood cells in the suspension is 0.05-0.2%.
4. The direct anti-human globulin microfluidic test chip card of claim 1, wherein: the sample loading amount is 30-40 mu L.
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