CN115459862A - Photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation - Google Patents

Photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation Download PDF

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CN115459862A
CN115459862A CN202211044009.3A CN202211044009A CN115459862A CN 115459862 A CN115459862 A CN 115459862A CN 202211044009 A CN202211044009 A CN 202211044009A CN 115459862 A CN115459862 A CN 115459862A
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photoelectric detector
mach
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李悰
张建明
康玉胜
王进军
沈小川
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Wuhan Binhu Electronic Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/101—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for measurement of specific parameters of the transmitter or components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/15—Performance testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H04L27/04—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance, in particular to a photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation. The laser emitted by the laser is divided into 2 paths after passing through the polarization-maintaining coupler, one path of light passes through the phase modulator and then is connected with the first photoelectric detector through the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other path of light passes through the intensity modulator and then is connected with the second photoelectric detector through the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are connected with the signal processing module, and the differential delay of the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers is tau. The invention has the characteristics of simple system, high frequency measurement precision and the like.

Description

Photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance, in particular to a photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation.
Background
Instantaneous frequency measurement is an important technology in modern electronic warfare, and can meet the requirements of an electronic warfare support system on high interception probability, large instantaneous bandwidth and rapid pulse measurement. In the face of increasingly complex electromagnetic environments, particularly high-frequency and large-bandwidth signal frequency measurement, the traditional instantaneous frequency measurement receiver based on an electronic method faces a great challenge due to the bottleneck of the traditional instantaneous frequency measurement receiver. Photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement techniques are favored for their advantages of large bandwidth, low loss, small size, light weight, and electromagnetic interference resistance.
The basic idea of photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement is to modulate an intercepted Radio Frequency (RF) signal onto a light wave, and construct a function mapping relation related to the frequency of a signal to be measured by a certain optical processing means, thereby inverting the frequency of the signal. The method comprises the steps of detecting output power of 2 different optical carriers by using a Mach-Zehnder intensity modulation (MZM) link, comparing the relation between the amplitude and the frequency of an output end of a transmission response by adopting optical carrier suppression intensity modulation (OCS-IM), obtaining the relation between a carrier frequency and an SOA mixing effect by utilizing the nonlinear effect of a semiconductor amplifier (SOA), comparing the amplitude of 2 paths of signals after introducing dispersion to the Intensity Modulation (IM) link and a dual-drive Mach-Zehnder intensity modulation (DP-MZM) link, utilizing the mapping relation between the signal power and the frequency after a phase modulation (phi M) link carrier passes through a dispersion medium, realizing instantaneous frequency measurement by utilizing polarization delay interference of a common intensity modulation link and polarization multiplexing of the DP-MZM link, detecting the beat signal intensity by using a non-uniform optical frequency comb, and utilizing the characteristic that the phase modulation and the intensity modulation carrier have complementary radio frequency response after passing through the dispersion medium. The complementary method using radio frequency response is particularly attractive because of its high frequency measurement sensitivity.
In known literature reports, to construct such a complementary response, longer fibers are required to create dispersion, thereby complicating the system and making it less resistant to environmental changes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device and method based on radio frequency response complementation. The invention utilizes two paths of same Mach-Zehnder interferometers, thereby reducing the influence of environmental change on the measurement precision and improving the environmental adaptability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a photon auxiliary instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation comprises a laser, a polarization maintaining coupler, a 1 x 2 power divider, a phase modulator, an intensity modulator, a bias control board, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, an optical fiber, a photoelectric detector and a signal processing module, and is characterized in that: the electrical input interface of the 1 x 2 power divider is connected with a signal to be detected; the electrical output interface of the 1 multiplied by 2 power divider is respectively connected with the radio frequency input interface of the phase modulator and the radio frequency input interface of the intensity modulator; the bias control board is connected with a bias interface of the intensity modulator and is used for controlling a bias point of the intensity modulator; the output of the laser is connected with the input of the polarization-maintaining coupler; the output of the polarization maintaining coupler is respectively connected with the optical input ends of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, one path of light is generated after passing through the phase modulator, phase modulation light is generated after passing through the phase modulator and then is connected with the first photoelectric detector, the other path of light is generated after passing through the intensity modulator, intensity modulation light is generated after passing through the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer and then is connected with the second photoelectric detector, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are connected with the signal processing module, and the differential delay of the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers is the same
The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal processing module is based on formula
Figure BDA0003821776910000021
Calculating the frequency f of the signal to be measured, where P rf1 And P rf2 The intensity of the electric signals output by the first path of photoelectric detector and the second path of photoelectric detector respectively, and tau is the intensity of the first horseThe differential delay parameters of the first and second mach-zehnder interferometers, a being a known constant.
The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first photodetector and the second photodetector have the same parameter performance.
The invention also discloses a photon auxiliary instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation, which comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that:
step one, a laser emits a beam of laser to be incident to a polarization maintaining coupler;
equally dividing an optical carrier into 2 paths by a polarization-maintaining coupler, generating phase modulation light after one path of light passes through a phase modulator, connecting the phase modulation light with a first photoelectric detector after passing through a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, generating intensity modulation light after the other path of light passes through an intensity modulator, connecting the intensity modulation light with a second photoelectric detector after passing through a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, connecting the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector with a signal processing module, and demodulating information of a signal to be detected by the photoelectric detector; the theoretical values of the electrical signal intensity of the two branches are respectively
Figure BDA0003821776910000022
And
Figure BDA0003821776910000023
wherein
Figure BDA0003821776910000024
Corresponding to the direct current photocurrents of the phase modulation branch and the intensity modulation branch respectively,
Figure BDA0003821776910000025
is the responsivity of the photodetector, /) p 、l i Optical loss coefficients of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, respectively,/ b For the optical loss coefficient of the polarization-maintaining coupler,/ m Optical loss coefficient, g, introduced for Mach-Zehnder interferometers o For net gain of the link, P 1 、P 2 Are respectively a first and a secondIncident light power of the photodetector, Z i 、Z o Input and output impedances, H, of the link, respectively pd As a function of the frequency response of the photodetector; v rf The amplitude of the signal to be measured, ω is the circular frequency of the signal to be measured, ω =2 π f, f is the frequency of the signal to be measured, V π1 、V π2 Half-wave voltages of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator respectively;
thirdly, the signal processing module reads the electric signal intensity P output by the two paths of photoelectric detectors rf1,s And P rf2,s According to the formula
Figure BDA0003821776910000031
Calculating the frequency f of the signal to be measured, where P rf1 And P rf2 The intensity of the electric signals output by the first path of photoelectric detector and the second path of photoelectric detector respectively, tau is a differential delay parameter of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and A is a known constant.
The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation is characterized in that: a is according to the formula
Figure BDA0003821776910000032
And (6) calculating.
The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation is characterized in that: and step four, the signal processing module is connected in multiple stages and is used in an extended mode, the first-stage processing module is lowest in measurement accuracy and used for preliminary positioning of frequency, and the subsequent processing module is used for accurate measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation.
Fig. 2 shows the response of the Intensity Modulation (IM) branch and the phase modulation (Φ M) branch.
Fig. 3 is a graph of Amplitude Comparison Function (ACF) as a function of signal frequency f for a complementary link based on RF response.
Fig. 4 shows the result of photon instantaneous frequency measurement based on RF response complementation.
Fig. 5 shows the error of the instantaneous frequency measurement of photons based on the complementation of the RF response.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation of the present invention includes a laser, a polarization maintaining coupler, a 1 × 2 power divider, a phase modulator, an intensity modulator, a bias control board, a mach-zehnder interferometer, an optical fiber, a photodetector, and a signal processing module. The electrical input interface of the 1 x 2 power divider is connected with a signal to be measured; the electrical output interface of the 1 multiplied by 2 power divider is respectively connected with the radio frequency input interface of the phase modulator and the radio frequency input interface of the intensity modulator; the bias control board is connected with a bias interface of the intensity modulator and used for controlling the intensity modulator to work at an orthogonal bias point; the output of the laser is connected with the input of the polarization-maintaining coupler; the output of the polarization maintaining coupler is respectively connected with the optical input ends of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator; laser (optical carrier) emitted by a laser is equally divided into 2 paths after passing through a polarization maintaining coupler, one path of light passes through a phase modulator to generate phase modulation light and is connected with a first photoelectric detector after passing through a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other path of light passes through an intensity modulator to generate intensity modulation light and is connected with a second photoelectric detector after passing through a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are connected with a signal processing module, the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers are the same, and differential delay is tau.
The invention discloses a photon auxiliary instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation, which comprises the following steps of:
step one, a laser emits a beam of laser (optical carrier) to be incident to a polarization maintaining coupler;
step two, the polarization maintaining coupler equally divides the optical carrier into 2 paths, one path of light generates phase modulation light after passing through the phase modulator and is connected with a first photoelectric detector after passing through a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other path of light generates intensity modulation light after passing through the intensity modulator and is connected with a second photoelectric detector after passing through a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the first photoelectric detector and the second light are connectedThe electric detector is connected with the signal processing module, and the information of the signal to be detected is demodulated by the photoelectric detector; the theoretical values of the electric signal intensity of the two branches are respectively
Figure BDA0003821776910000041
And
Figure BDA0003821776910000042
wherein
Figure BDA0003821776910000043
Corresponding to the direct current photocurrents of the phase modulation branch and the intensity modulation branch respectively,
Figure BDA0003821776910000044
is the responsivity of a photodetector, l p 、l i Optical loss coefficients of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, respectively,/ b To maintain the optical loss coefficient of the polarization-maintaining coupler, /) m Optical loss coefficient, g, introduced for Mach-Zehnder interferometers o For net gain of the link, P 1 、P 2 Incident light power, Z, of the first and second photodetectors, respectively i 、Z o Input and output impedances, H, of the link, respectively pd As a function of the frequency response of the photodetector; v rf The amplitude of the signal to be measured, ω is the circular frequency of the signal to be measured, ω =2 π f, f is the frequency of the signal to be measured, V π1 、V π2 Half-wave voltages of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, respectively.
Thirdly, the signal processing module reads the intensity P of the electric signal output by the two paths of photoelectric detectors rf1,s And P rf2,s And processing to obtain amplitude comparison function of 2 branches
Figure BDA0003821776910000045
The theoretical value of ACF derived from the above analysis is
Figure BDA0003821776910000046
Wherein
Figure BDA0003821776910000047
V π1 、V π2 Parameters known for the device, I dc,q1 、I dc,q2 Can be obtained by measurement, so a is a known constant; combining the two to obtain
Figure BDA0003821776910000048
Frequency f of signal to be measured and electric signal intensity P of two branches in formula rf1,s 、P rf2,s And the differential delay tau-off of the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers, where tau is known, P rf1,s 、P rf2,s And obtaining the frequency f of the signal to be measured by the formula through inversion calculation.
And step four, the signal processing module can be used in a multistage connection and expansion mode, when the multistage processing module is adopted, the first stage processing module is the lowest in measurement accuracy and used for preliminary positioning of frequency, the subsequent processing module is used for accurate measurement, and measurement errors can be further reduced through multistage combination.
The invention carries out measurement and verification on the frequency of 0.5 GHz-18.5 GHz signals, and the frequency error of the primary measurement is less than 30MHz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. designing a layer: simple system and optimized design
(1) The system is simple: the reported work of instantaneous frequency measurement based on the complementary idea of radio frequency response is realized by adopting single-mode optical fibers of dozens of km, and only 2 simple Mach-Zehnder interferometers (consisting of 2 simple optical couplers and 2 optical fibers less than 1 m) are used in the method, so that the system is greatly simplified.
(2) The design is optimized: in the previous work, an amplitude comparison function is constructed by matching a pure phase modulation link with 2 unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer branches for frequency measurement, one error source of the amplitude comparison function is the inconsistency of 2 different Mach-Zehnder interferometers under environmental disturbance, and the 2 same Mach-Zehnder interferometers are adopted in the text and are in the same environment, so that the difference is counteracted, the capacity of resisting environmental change is improved, and the foundation is laid for improving the accuracy of a frequency measurement result.
2. The frequency measurement result is more excellent: small frequency error (± 30MHz inside)
Due to the adoption of the link based on radio frequency response complementation, the Amplitude Comparison Function (ACF) can be changed violently by small frequency change, so that the measurement sensitivity is high, and the optimization of the link design enables the measurement error (+/-0.1 GHz) of the link to be much smaller than that of the document result, and is also improved compared with the previous work (within +/-60 MHz).
Description of the drawings; fig. 2 shows the responses (τ =375 ps) of the Intensity Modulation (IM) branch and the phase modulation (Φ M) branch, "O" and "×" respectively represent the experimental results of the intensity modulation branch and the phase modulation branch, and the solid line represents the theoretical calculation results, which are very consistent with the experiments. Fig. 3 shows the variation of the Amplitude Comparison Function (ACF) with the signal frequency f based on the complementary link with radio frequency response, and the experimental results (circles) are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results (solid lines). Fig. 4 shows the transient frequency measurement of photons based on the RF response complementation: the frequencies calculated from the experimental data (circles) fit well with the actual frequencies (solid lines). FIG. 5 shows the error of photon instantaneous frequency measurement based on RF response complementation, and the error of rough measurement is within + -30 MHz.

Claims (6)

1. A photon auxiliary instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation comprises a laser, a polarization maintaining coupler, a 1 x 2 power divider, a phase modulator, an intensity modulator, a bias control board, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, an optical fiber, a photoelectric detector and a signal processing module, and is characterized in that: the electrical input interface of the 1 x 2 power divider is connected with a signal to be measured; the electrical output interface of the 1 x 2 power divider is respectively connected with the radio frequency input interface of the phase modulator and the radio frequency input interface of the intensity modulator; the bias control board is connected with a bias interface of the intensity modulator and is used for controlling a bias point of the intensity modulator; the output of the laser is connected with the input of the polarization-maintaining coupler; the output of the polarization maintaining coupler is respectively connected with the optical input ends of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, one path of light is generated after passing through the phase modulator, phase modulation light is generated after passing through the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer and then is connected with the first photoelectric detector, the other path of light is generated after passing through the intensity modulator, intensity modulation light is generated after passing through the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer and then is connected with the second photoelectric detector, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are connected with the signal processing module, and the differential delay of the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers is the same.
2. The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal processing module is based on formula
Figure FDA0003821776900000011
Calculating the frequency f of the signal to be measured, where P rf1 And P rf2 The intensity of the electric signals output by the first path of photoelectric detector and the second path of photoelectric detector respectively, tau is a differential delay parameter of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and A is a constant.
3. The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement device based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first photodetector and the second photodetector have the same parameter performance.
4. A photon assisted instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that:
step one, a laser emits a beam of laser to be incident to a polarization maintaining coupler;
equally dividing an optical carrier into 2 paths by a polarization-maintaining coupler, generating phase modulation light after one path of light passes through a phase modulator, connecting the phase modulation light with a first photoelectric detector after passing through a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, generating intensity modulation light after the other path of light passes through an intensity modulator, connecting the intensity modulation light with a second photoelectric detector after passing through a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, connecting the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector with a signal processing module, and demodulating information of a signal to be detected by the photoelectric detector; the theoretical values of the electric signal intensities of the two branches are respectively
Figure FDA0003821776900000012
And
Figure FDA0003821776900000013
wherein
Figure FDA0003821776900000014
Corresponding to the direct current photocurrents of the phase modulation branch and the intensity modulation branch respectively,
Figure FDA0003821776900000015
is the responsivity of the photodetector, /) p 、l i Optical loss coefficients of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator, respectively,/ b For the optical loss coefficient of the polarization-maintaining coupler,/ m Optical loss coefficient, g, introduced for Mach-Zehnder interferometers o For net gain of the link, P 1 、P 2 Incident light power of the first and second photodetectors, Z i 、Z o Input and output impedances, H, of the link, respectively pd As a function of the frequency response of the photodetector; v rf The amplitude of the signal to be measured, ω is the circular frequency of the signal to be measured, ω =2 π f, f is the frequency of the signal to be measured, V π1 、V π2 Half-wave voltages of the phase modulator and the intensity modulator respectively;
thirdly, the signal processing module reads the intensity P of the electric signal output by the two paths of photoelectric detectors rf1,s And P rf2,s According to the formula
Figure FDA0003821776900000021
Calculating the frequency f of the signal to be measured, where P rf1 And P rf2 The intensity of the electric signals output by the first path of photoelectric detector and the second path of photoelectric detector respectively, tau is a differential delay parameter of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and A is a constant.
5. The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 4, characterized in that: a is according to the formula
Figure FDA0003821776900000022
And (4) calculating.
6. The photon-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement method based on radio frequency response complementation according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: and step four, the signal processing module is connected in multiple stages and is used in an extended mode, the first-stage processing module is lowest in measurement accuracy and used for preliminary positioning of frequency, and the subsequent processing module is used for accurate measurement.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116707650A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-09-05 四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院 Replication frequency shift system of broadband transient signal and implementation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116707650A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-09-05 四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院 Replication frequency shift system of broadband transient signal and implementation method thereof
CN116707650B (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-10-10 四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院 Replication frequency shift system of broadband transient signal and implementation method thereof

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