CN115251866A - Continuous blood pressure detection method and system adopting millimeter wave radar and wearable device - Google Patents
Continuous blood pressure detection method and system adopting millimeter wave radar and wearable device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a continuous blood pressure detection method and a wearable device. Based on 60 GHz's frequency modulation continuous wave radar, cooperation microcomputer device acquires the echo data of detection object, handles to aortic pulse wave signal, combines motion sensor to the state record of detection object simultaneously, through the position calibration of the relative radar of blood vessel venation, the location of blood vessel venation combines the data of rhythm of the heart, acquires the echo data of blood vessel venation specific area to carry out the filtering to echo data and eliminate behind the motion noise, acquire more accurate blood pressure data value. Because the position of the vein is positioned by the radar, the detected data is closer to the real blood pressure value, the corresponding echo data is more beneficial to noise filtering processing, and the obtained blood pressure value is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of continuous blood pressure detection, in particular to a continuous blood pressure detection method and system adopting a millimeter wave radar.
Background
The existing continuous blood pressure monitoring devices based on sphygmomanometers are difficult to popularize because they require precise placement and apply constant pressure to the measurement site, resulting in discomfort and injury. In addition, the detection mode of the sphygmomanometer has higher requirements on the placement position and the detection precision of the sensor. Moreover, the blood pressure monitor is not suitable for special people, such as patients with large-area burn, patients with infectious diseases, patients with skin diseases, infants who are born, and the like, which limits the application range of blood pressure monitoring. Multiple sensors may be required to measure different physiological signals simultaneously, which can be burdensome and inconvenient.
Both current blood pressure monitoring products on the market and continuous blood pressure monitoring devices used in the prior art determine blood pressure by detecting pulse transit time or performing pulse wave analysis in conjunction with ECG and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors. None of the above products, however, simply provide accurate pressure measurements. But also other variables are easily introduced, resulting in inaccurate measurement results.
ECG sensors and optical sensors on wearable devices are available on the market, but neither can directly obtain measurements. The ECG measures the electrical signals of the heart beat, while the optical sensor measures the amount of blood flowing through.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a continuous blood pressure detection method adopting a millimeter wave radar, and solves the problems that the precision is easily influenced by external variables and the self detection is limited in the existing noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement method.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a continuous blood pressure detection method adopting a millimeter wave radar comprises the steps of using a millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system to detect and identify blood pressure, and is characterized in that heart rate identification and motion state identification are carried out simultaneously, and the method further comprises the following steps:
s1, a positioning step of a millimeter wave radar detection device, which comprises the steps of matching and attaching the millimeter wave radar detection device to the skin of the position of an artery to be detected, generating no pressure on an arm, and forming an echo calculation non-contact space by a certain uniform gap between a transmitting end and a receiving end of the millimeter wave radar and the skin;
s2, identifying echo detection signals through a millimeter wave radar detection system, realizing matching extraction calculation of heart rate and blood vessel fluctuation frequency, and determining the region of the artery blood vessel;
s3, identifying the echo detection signal through a millimeter wave radar detection system, identifying and correcting the position of the artery vein, repeatedly correcting the data process, and determining the position interval of the artery vein; through echo signal processing, matching skin fluctuation and muscle fluctuation echo data processing caused by heart rate and artery vein correspondence, repeating for 3-5 times, removing noise to form artery fluctuation vein position location, and adjusting the central position of the millimeter wave radar device according to the location to enable the millimeter wave radar device to cover the region where the artery blood vessel is located;
s4, a millimeter wave radar echo signal processing and cardiovascular index extraction step, wherein the heart rate, the blood pressure and the pulse wave velocity can be extracted by processing the obtained echo signal and filtering noise, and the noise signal comprises a skin fluctuation interference signal generated by the motion of the detection object;
continuously eliminating noise, calculating to form blood pressure data and heart rate data, and acquiring exercise state data;
s5, outputting a comparison data graph at a display end; obtaining corresponding reference contrast blood pressure data in each time period, wherein the reference contrast blood pressure data comprises blood pressure data in a resting state and corresponding heart rate data;
in the step S1, the millimeter wave radar detection device comprises a millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor, the millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor is matched and attached with the skin of the position of the artery to be detected, and a millimeter-scale gap distance exists between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor and the corresponding skin.
In the step S2, identification of echo detection signals is carried out through a millimeter wave radar detection system, and matching, extraction and calculation of heart rate and blood vessel fluctuation frequency are achieved;
the millimeter wave radar detection system determines the heart rate through the detection of the pulsation frequency of the blood vessel, and filters noise echo signals at specific positions through calculation; the noise signals comprise echo signals formed by skin fluctuation driven by muscle movement and interference signals generated by the movement of the detection object.
In the step S3, the specific position and vein direction of the artery pulsation are monitored and identified simultaneously through the frequency identification of the heart rate by the millimeter wave radar, and the positioning of a detection area and the acquisition of the detection area are formed.
In the step S4, the millimeter wave radar detection system is a millimeter wave radar array comprising a plurality of transmitting ends and receiving ends, and the obtained echo signals are subjected to superposition correction;
in step S5, contrast data is formed in the computing system, wherein the contrast data comprises continuous blood pressure monitoring data of monitoring time periods and heart rate data and motion state data of the detected object, corresponding reference contrast is acquired in each time period, and the motion states comprise a quiet state, a large-amplitude motion state, a slow motion state and a static state; the reference value of the blood pressure data of the detection object in the static state is the highest, the data of each state can be merged by mean values through a time interval, the time interval is divided into 5 minutes and 10 minutes, and the mean values in each time interval are taken as one data to be merged.
The millimeter wave radar detection system can adopt a millimeter wave radar array comprising a plurality of transmitting ends and receiving ends to perform superposition correction on the acquired echo signals, so that the artery vein and vein positioning is more accurate.
Still provide an adopt continuous blood pressure check system of millimeter wave radar, including integrated circuit board, millimeter wave radar detecting system, characterized by: millimeter wave radar detecting system includes millimeter wave radar chip sensor, integrated circuit board connects millimeter wave radar chip sensor, display screen, motion state sensor, still includes storage module, processing module and battery module, processing module includes rhythm of the heart, blood pressure and draws the module.
The millimeter wave radar detection system further includes:
the target detection module is used for acquiring distance information and phase information of an object based on the continuous wave radar signal, and determining a distance phase corresponding to a human body reflection signal based on the variance of the distance information and the phase information to obtain a human body phase signal;
the signal enhancement module is used for enhancing the human body phase signal and removing noise to obtain an enhanced phase signal;
the signal decomposition module is used for separating the pulse wave phase signal from the enhanced phase signal by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition based on the frequency range of the pulse wave to obtain a reconstructed pulse wave signal;
and the processing module is used for preprocessing the reconstructed pulse wave signal, extracting the characteristic parameters of the reconstructed pulse wave signal and obtaining a blood pressure detection result based on the characteristic parameters.
The wearable device comprises a millimeter wave radar detection system, an integrated circuit board, a storage module, a processing module, a battery module and a shell, wherein the millimeter wave radar detection system comprises a millimeter wave radar chip sensor, the integrated circuit board is connected with the millimeter wave radar chip sensor, the display screen and the motion state sensor; the shell is connected with the annular fixing structure, the processing module comprises a heart rate and blood pressure extracting module, and the millimeter wave radar chip sensor is connected with the position fine-tuning device. .
Advantageous effects
The scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the scheme of the invention is based on a 60GHz frequency modulation continuous wave radar, and is matched with a micro-computing device to obtain echo data of a detection object, and the echo data is specially processed aiming at an aorta pulse wave signal, so as to extract cardiovascular indexes such as pulse rate, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (arteriosclerosis measurement) and the like, and analyze the cardiovascular indexes through an algorithm (EMD algorithm and the like) in the prior art, and extract pulse wave signal characteristic points; calculating and obtaining the pulse wave conduction time (T) of the personal cardiovascular characteristic parameter according to the pulse wave signal characteristic points PTT ) Calculating the preliminary blood pressure value of the human body; and optimizing the preliminary blood pressure value of the human body by introducing a support vector regression model of the SVM to obtain the final blood pressure of the human body.
In the whole continuous blood pressure detection process, carry out data matching through the fluctuation frequency of rhythm of the heart and blood vessel position skin, eliminate the motion noise, combine motion sensor to the state record of detected object simultaneously, draw out the position of the relative radar of blood vessel venation through the undulant matching location of blood vessel venation and skin and digit, with the location of blood vessel venation, combine the data of rhythm of the heart, obtain the echo data of blood vessel venation specific area to carry out the filtering to echo data and eliminate behind the motion noise, obtain more accurate blood pressure data value.
Because the real-time state data of the detected object is recorded by the motion sensor, and the blood pressure data of the whole time period is acquired, the mean value in a specific time period can be taken, and a comparative data graph is formed in the system; corresponding reference contrast blood pressure data can be obtained at the same time through the motion state; the blood pressure can be averaged for multiple times, the blood pressure under different conditions of different time periods and different states can be averaged, meanwhile, the state condition of the corresponding detection object is used as a comparison reference, and the data has a higher reference value; because the position of the blood vessel venation is positioned through the radar, the detected data is closer to a real blood pressure value, the corresponding echo data is more beneficial to noise filtering processing, and the obtained blood pressure value is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a continuous blood pressure monitoring method using millimeter wave radar according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a continuous blood pressure detection method adopting a millimeter wave radar comprises the steps of using a millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system to carry out blood pressure detection and identification, wherein the millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system comprises a millimeter wave radar chip sensor, and is characterized in that heart rate identification and motion state identification are carried out simultaneously, and the continuous blood pressure detection method further comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning a millimeter wave radar detection system; the millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system comprises a radar chip transmitting end and a receiving end, the central position of the millimeter wave radar detection system is fixed corresponding to the artery vein position, specifically, a millimeter wave radar transmitting surface and a millimeter wave radar receiving surface are uniformly attached to the artery blood vessel skin, in order to detect blood pressure more accurately, the millimeter wave radar system is generally placed on the upper arm of the right arm, the lower edge of the millimeter wave radar system is about 2.5cm above the antecubital fossa, the millimeter wave radar surface is positioned on the surface of the brachial artery, echo signals on the surface of the brachial artery are collected when blood pressure is measured, then calculation processing is carried out, blood pressure above the elbow joint of the upper arm is generally measured, and the measured blood pressure is relatively accurate because parts such as the heart are positioned at horizontal positions;
s2, identifying echo detection signals through a millimeter wave radar detection system, realizing matching extraction calculation of heart rate and blood vessel fluctuation frequency, and determining the region of the artery blood vessel;
the millimeter wave radar detects the pulsation frequency of the blood vessel to determine the heart rate, the blood vessel is identified through the venation of the blood vessel, and the motion state identification of the motion state sensor is combined, so that the difference between the pulsation of the blood vessel and the pulsation of the muscle is mainly embodied in two aspects, firstly, the pulsation position is the pulsation position, most of the pulsation of the blood vessel is in the artery with a shallow comparison surface, such as the radial artery, the elbow artery, the popliteal fossa, the instep artery, the temporal artery and other parts, and has a fixed anatomical position, and the pulsation of the muscle is mainly in the abdominal region of skeletal muscle; secondly, the beating frequency and rhythm are consistent, the beating of blood vessels and the activity of the heart are mostly regular, the beating of muscles is irregular, and the frequency is relatively slow; therefore, the venation position and the region of the artery blood vessel can be identified through the millimeter wave radar processing of the echo data.
S3, identifying echo detection signals through a millimeter wave radar detection system, identifying and correcting the position of the artery vein, repeatedly correcting the data process, and determining the position interval of the artery vein through continuous machine learning calculation; the radar processes echo signals, matches skin fluctuation and echo data processing of muscle fluctuation caused by heart rate and artery vein correspondence, repeats for 3-5 times, removes noise to form artery fluctuation vein position location, adjusts the center position of the millimeter wave radar device according to the location, can manually rotate and adjust, and can also set a compact motor device on the detection system to automatically adjust, so that the detection system covers the region of the artery vessel;
the blood vessel artery identification comprises the identification of brachial artery or radial artery and ulnar artery positioned at wrist; the radial artery descends between the tendon of the brachioradialis and the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis (usually on the thumb side of the wrist), and is deeply located and inaccessible by the body surface except for that contact surface; the ulnar artery descends between the ulnar wrist flexor and the superficial flexor of the finger (namely, at the side of the little finger), the millimeter wave radar matches the skin fluctuation caused by the corresponding heart rate and the artery venation region and processes the echo data of the muscle fluctuation through echo signal processing, and the position of the millimeter wave radar is adjusted repeatedly for many times. Millimeter wave radar detecting system adopts the millimeter wave radar chip, sets up the fine-precision motor on the circuit board, can be according to arm circumferencial direction adjusting position for the millimeter wave radar chip transmitting terminal covers the vascular artery region, and the data that detect like this are more accurate, and interfering signal filters more easily.
S4, a millimeter wave radar echo signal processing step, wherein cardiovascular indexes such as pulse rate, blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (arteriosclerosis measurement) can be extracted through the acquired echo signal processing and noise filtering, and corresponding detection object motion state data is acquired at the same time; determining the position of the vein through continuous machine learning calculation; the noise signal comprises a skin fluctuation interference signal generated by the movement of the detected object;
repeatedly correcting the data, continuously eliminating noise, calculating to form blood pressure data and heart rate data, and simultaneously acquiring exercise state data;
s5, forming a contrast data graph in the system; acquiring corresponding reference contrast blood pressure data and corresponding motion state data in each time period;
meanwhile, blood pressure data in a resting state can be acquired, because the blood pressure formed by continuously correcting the data is relatively close to the real blood pressure value in a specific period. When the system is in a static state (namely, the sleep state of the detection object), the system comprehensively judges the sleep time state data through the motion state data and the heart rate data.
In the S1 step, detection device includes millimeter wave radar detecting system, millimeter wave radar detecting system for with the skin matching laminating of detection artery position, millimeter wave radar transmitting terminal and receiving terminal have certain even clearance with skin, and millimeter wave radar detecting system gathers radar echo signal in the position of predetermineeing the height promptly, forms the echo and calculates non-contact space, and general even clearance is at the distance of millimeter level.
In step S2, the millimeter wave radar detection system determines the heart rate through the detection of the blood vessel beating frequency, and filters noise echo signals at specific positions through calculation; the noise signal comprises an echo signal formed by skin fluctuation and an interference signal generated by the movement of the detection object.
In the step S3, the specific position and venation direction of artery pulsation are monitored and identified simultaneously through the frequency identification of the heart rate by the millimeter wave radar, the position identification and correction step of artery blood vessel venation is carried out, and the positioning of a detection area and the acquisition of the detection area are formed; i.e. the specific location is the venation direction of the artery; when the distance between the position of the artery vein region and the central position of the millimeter wave radar sensor exceeding the tolerance range is identified, a system prompts and displays an adjusting direction through a display device, and the adjusting direction is adjusted left and right along the circumferential direction of the arm; the adjustment can be realized through a micro motor or through manual rotation;
in the step S4, the millimeter wave radar detection system may adopt a plurality of millimeter wave radar arrays of the transmitting end and the receiving end to perform superposition correction on the acquired echo signal, and then extract parameters by using a correlation algorithm;
in the S5 step, contrast data are formed in the system, wherein the contrast data comprise continuous blood pressure monitoring data of a monitoring time period and heart rate data of corresponding reference contrast and motion state data of the detected object are obtained in each time period, and the motion states comprise a quiet state, a large-amplitude motion state, a slow motion state and a static state; the reference value of the blood pressure data of the detection object in the static state is the highest, the data of each state can be merged by mean values through corresponding time intervals, the time intervals can be divided into 5 minutes and 10 minutes, and the mean values in each 5-minute time interval are taken as one data to be merged; the comparison data can be output to a display end of the intelligent device through a wireless network, and can also be output to a display end of the system.
The detection method is to collect millimeter wave radar signals at the brachial artery and process the signals to obtain a blood pressure value, and in the embodiment, the adopted millimeter wave radar comprises a plurality of transmitting ends and a plurality of receiving ends; performing beam forming processing on the plurality of receiving signals, and separating the receiving signals with different distances and angles to obtain a target two-dimensional grid, wherein the target two-dimensional grid comprises a plurality of receiving signals with different distances and angles; determining a target receiving signal from a plurality of receiving signals with different distances and angles of a target two-dimensional grid by using a first neural network, wherein the first neural network is obtained by training a first initial neural network by using a first training sample data set; and inputting the target receiving signal into a second neural network, and outputting predicted blood pressure information, wherein the second neural network is obtained by training a second initial neural network by using a second training sample data set. Determining a target receiving signal from a plurality of receiving signals with different distances and angles of the target two-dimensional grid by using a first neural network, sequentially inputting a plurality of signal segments of each receiving signal with different distances and angles into the first neural network, and outputting a plurality of dissimilar values; determining the dissimilarity value with the minimum value in the dissimilarity values as a target dissimilarity value under the condition that the dissimilarity values meet a preset threshold value; and determining the received signals with different distances and angles corresponding to the target dissimilar values as target received signals.
Processing after radar acquires echo data adopts an algorithm in the prior art to carry out data, and filtering and noise reduction processing is carried out according to the difference between blood vessel pulsation and muscle pulsation; the noise filtering processing algorithm can acquire the blood pressure data in a quiet state by utilizing the existing public technical processing method, and the blood pressure formed by continuously correcting the data is relatively close to the real blood pressure value in a specific time interval. The time-domain waveform of the aortic pulse wave contains a large number of features, and the cardiovascular function of a subject can be effectively evaluated by combining pathological aortic pulse wave characteristic detection, so that the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the future can be predicted. According to the pulse wave waveform, extracting relevant blood vessel characteristic parameters including the continuous blood ejection time of the heart, pressure time indexes, the activity rate of subendocardial myocardium, the blood viscosity value, the artery growth index, the pulse wave velocity (arteriosclerosis measurement) and the like.
According to the method, the millimeter wave radar chip and the matching component system are used for manufacturing the wearable cuff blood pressure detection device with the display screen, the wearable cuff blood pressure detection device is tied to the brachial artery of the upper arm of the arm, the radar detection system can be attached to the brachial artery, the radar position is adjusted through the adjustment prompt of the display screen, and the processing is carried out through detected echo data after the positioning. Better blood pressure detection data can be obtained through calculation.
The neural network regression algorithm is an algorithm in the prior art, can learn and construct a nonlinear complex relation model, the relation between a plurality of inputs and outputs is nonlinear and complex, the neural network regression algorithm can judge the unknown relation between unknown data through learning of initial inputs and the relation thereof, and the established model can summarize and predict the unknown data. Unlike other predictive algorithms, neural network regression algorithms do not have any restrictions on the input variables, and they can better model heterovariance, i.e., data with high volatility and unstable variance, because they can learn hidden relationships in the data without imposing any fixed relationships in the data.
According to the method, the invention also provides a wearable device adopting the millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system, which comprises an integrated circuit board, wherein the millimeter wave radar detection system comprises a millimeter wave radar chip sensor, the integrated circuit board is connected with the millimeter wave radar chip sensor, a display screen and a motion state sensor, and the wearable device also comprises a heart rate and blood pressure extraction module, a storage module, a processing module, a battery module and a shell; the shell is connected with the annular fixing structure; the millimeter wave radar detection system further includes: the target detection module is used for acquiring distance information and phase information of an object based on the continuous wave radar signal, and determining a distance phase corresponding to a human body reflection signal based on the variance of the distance information and the phase information to obtain a human body phase signal; the signal enhancement module is used for enhancing the human body phase signal and removing noise to obtain an enhanced phase signal; the signal decomposition module is used for separating the pulse wave phase signal from the enhanced phase signal by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition based on the frequency range of the pulse wave to obtain a reconstructed pulse wave signal; and the processing module is used for preprocessing the reconstructed pulse wave signal, extracting the characteristic parameters of the reconstructed pulse wave signal and obtaining a blood pressure detection result based on the characteristic parameters.
The millimeter wave radar chip sensor can output high-fidelity arterial pressure waveform, and the processing module is used for a calculation system for calculating and analyzing the arterial pressure waveform. The millimeter wave radar chip sensor is integrated on the integrated circuit board, can receive signals at any place where pulses can be sensed, and is compact in structure and suitable for wearable application. The cuff device worn on the upper arm can be applied to an intelligent bracelet of a continuous blood pressure detection system adopting a millimeter wave radar, the millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system adopts the relationship between pulse wave conduction time and blood pressure to estimate the blood pressure, and the side pressure formed by the blood vessel wall when the blood flows through the blood vessel is the blood pressure which is the result of the combined action of the heart ejection and the peripheral blood vessel resistance. The pulse wave conduction time and blood pressure estimation model is based on an elastic cavity theory of an arterial blood vessel wall (which is the existing technical theory), and the time difference between wave crests of two pulse waves is calculated as the wave propagation time at the pulse wave characteristic point;
the processing steps of the voltage in the echo data comprise: and (3) conversion of the millimeter wave radar → arterial pressure waveform, wherein the algorithm acquires radar signals from a millimeter wave radar chip and generates a high-fidelity arterial pressure waveform which can be used for evaluating cardiovascular indexes. Re-arterial pressure waveform → conversion of blood pressure, the algorithm receives the arterial pressure waveform generated by the radar sensor and converts it to blood pressure values (systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure). The algorithm is perfected by machine learning, but the algorithm is the prior art, and based on signal processing, the machine learning can quickly screen hundreds of features in radar signals and find out the features most relevant to blood pressure.
The radar sensor in the millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system is arranged on the inner side of the circular cuff or the bracelet, corresponds to the position of an arm artery, can continuously measure echo data, and can extract cardiovascular indexes such as pulse rate, blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (arteriosclerosis measurement) by utilizing the echo data through an integrated data processing system; and the measured value is transmitted to the intelligent terminal in real time, and the system can inhibit noise interference caused by movement and can be used in a movement state.
The average absolute error value of the blood pressure result generated by the detection method and the data detected by high-precision medical equipment in a hospital is less than 5mm Hg compared with the average absolute error value of partial data obtained by experimental verification, and the medical monitoring standard can be achieved. The cuff or the bracelet is adopted to be matched and attached with the skin at the position of the detected artery, no pressure is generated on the arm, no pressure burden is generated when the cuff or the bracelet is worn for 24 hours, the cuff or the bracelet can be worn during sleep, and the blood pressure change during sleep can be detected.
Another embodiment 1: in the embodiment, a 60 GHz-based frequency modulation continuous millimeter wave radar is matched with a microcomputer (a data processing module) to obtain an aortic pulse wave signal of a detection object, the radar is used for capturing cardiovascular signals of a human body, cardiovascular indexes such as pulse rate, blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (arteriosclerosis measurement) can be extracted, analysis is carried out through an EMD algorithm, and pulse wave signal characteristic points are extracted; calculating to obtain the pulse wave conduction time (T) of the cardiovascular characteristic parameter PTT ) Calculating the preliminary blood pressure value of the human body; and optimizing the initial human body blood pressure value by introducing a support vector regression model of the SVM to obtain the final human body blood pressure.
Arterial pulse detection was performed with 60GHz Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar and compared to signal data detected by hospital sphygmomanometers. In the whole continuous blood pressure detection process, data matching is carried out through the heart rate and the fluctuation frequency of the skin at the blood vessel position, motion noise is eliminated, meanwhile, the state record of a detection object is combined with a motion sensor, the blood vessel venation and the skin fluctuation are matched and positioned, the position of the blood vessel is drawn, the echo data of a specific region of the blood vessel venation are obtained through the positioning of the blood vessel venation and the data of the heart rate, and after the echo data are filtered to eliminate the motion noise, a more accurate blood pressure data value is obtained.
In another embodiment, an intelligent wearable device is manufactured, the continuous blood pressure detection system of the millimeter wave radar is adopted, the aorta pulse wave signal of a detection object is obtained based on the continuous wave radar signal, analysis is carried out through an EMD algorithm, and the pulse wave signal characteristic point is extracted; the EMD algorithm considers that whatever signal can be decomposed into a finite number of eigenmode functions and then recombined. For each decomposed eigenmode function, all maximum value points of the original signal x (t) should be found out, and the envelope curve of the maximum value should be formed by spline function fitting; then finding out all minimum value points existing in the original signal x (t), wherein the minimum value envelope curve is also formed by spline function fitting; the mean envelope of the original signal is replaced by the mean of the upper envelope and the lower envelope; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, a millimeter wave continuous wave radar system is adopted to transmit a single-frequency continuous wave signal through a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna receives the signal.
And 2, amplifying the received signal by using an amplifier in the signal enhancement receiver to obtain a local signal, and providing the generated local signal to a data processing module for processing after digital-to-analog conversion.
And 3, acquiring the aortic pulse wave signal of the human body by the data processing module through the following algorithm:
analyzing the obtained pulse wave signals through an EMD algorithm, extracting pulse wave signal characteristic points, and performing optimized extraction on the characteristic points through the following steps:
1) Extracting all extreme points including local maximum values and local minimum values in the original pulse wave signal x (t);
2) Performing interpolation in the maximum value or minimum value sequence to obtain an upper envelope or a lower envelope of the signal;
3) Calculating the mean envelope of the upper envelope and the lower envelope;
4) Removing a low-frequency signal of the pulse wave signal, wherein the new signal is d (t);
5) And (3) replacing the original pulse wave signal with d (t) to repeat the steps 1 to 4 until the obtained d (t) meets the IMF stop condition: up to an IMF component c of order n n (t) the residual component is a monotonic function or constant, or it is less than a preset value, at which point the EMD does not continue to decompose.
Step 4, calculating the time difference T between wave crests of the two pulse waves by using the pulse wave characteristic points PTT As the propagation time of the wave;
and 5, optimizing the initial human body blood pressure value by introducing a support vector regression model of the SVM to obtain the final human body blood pressure, and displaying the final human body blood pressure on a display screen.
In yet another embodiment: the millimeter wave radar sensor chip adopts an MIMO radar comprising a plurality of transmitting ends and a plurality of receiving ends; the method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting 2-5 to have the most advantage on the cost of a transmitting and receiving end, carrying out beam forming processing on a plurality of receiving signals by adopting the existing algorithm, separating the receiving signals at different distances and angles to obtain a target two-dimensional grid, and determining the target receiving signals from the plurality of receiving signals at different distances and angles of the target two-dimensional grid by utilizing a first neural network, wherein the first neural network is obtained by training a first initial neural network by utilizing a first training sample data set; and inputting the target receiving signal into a second neural network, and outputting predicted blood pressure information, wherein the second neural network is obtained by training a second initial neural network by using a second training sample data set. The received signal at different range-angles comprises a plurality of signal segments; determining a target received signal from a plurality of different distance-angle received signals of the target two-dimensional grid by using a first neural network, sequentially inputting a plurality of signal segments of each different distance-angle received signal into the first neural network, and outputting a plurality of dissimilar values; determining the dissimilarity value with the smallest value in the plurality of dissimilarity values as a target dissimilarity value if the plurality of dissimilarity values satisfy a preset threshold; determining the different range-angle received signal corresponding to a target dissimilarity value as the target received signal. The MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) radar simultaneously transmits uncorrelated or mutually orthogonal signals by using a plurality of transmitting array elements, and separates the signals of each transmitting channel at a receiving end through a matched filter group, thereby increasing the effective array aperture of the radar to a certain extent. Therefore, the MIMO radar has obvious advantages of clutter suppression, interference resistance, low interception and target parameter estimation accuracy in the scheme of the invention.
In conclusion, the scheme of the invention can detect the blood pressure data of 24 hours all day, and also can acquire the blood pressure data in a resting state or a sleeping state, because the blood pressure formed by continuously correcting the data (system learning) is relatively close to the real blood pressure value in a certain period; the greatest feature is that it does not require pressure to be applied to the measurement site and does not require contact with the skin. The radar chip is located approximately a few millimeters from the skin surface. The disadvantage of millimeter wave radar is motion noise, the motion we are measuring is very small (as little as 0.05mm skin swelling), so it may be masked by body motion. In fact, health professionals recommend keeping a sitting position after a rest of 5 minutes before measuring the blood pressure. A motion sensor is used to determine whether a subject is sedentary (and for how long) to capture clinically significant blood pressure measurements. The scheme of the invention adopts a high-frequency millimeter wave radar with 60GHz, and the frequency signal has smaller wavelength, so that the method is very suitable for measuring the tiny disturbance of the skin surface caused by arterial pulse. In addition, smaller sizes can be made, for example: about 5mm x 6mm, and is suitable for being used in wearable equipment. When echo data need to be monitored, processing the echo data in a time period matched with the heart rate, and simultaneously, carrying out filtering and noise reduction processing according to the difference between blood vessel pulsation and muscle pulsation, wherein the position where a radar is placed is a position covering an artery; the noise filtering processing algorithm is processed by the prior disclosed technical method, and the blood pressure data in a quiet state can be acquired, because the blood pressure formed by continuously correcting the data is relatively close to the real blood pressure value in a specific time interval.
The whole blood pressure detection device obtains the human body pulse wave by adopting the radar technology, is different from other technologies, and cannot be influenced by skin color or ambient light change. By using a high-sensitivity low-power-consumption millimeter wave radar chip set, echo signals reflected by a target area of a human body are measured, and every heartbeat of the human body, pulse can be transmitted along an artery and very small movement can be generated on the surface of the skin. These motions can be captured and converted to waveforms using radar. Then, the obtained pulse waveform is analyzed by utilizing the algorithm of the prior art, and the blood pressure and other cardiovascular indexes can be extracted, so that the whole-day continuous blood pressure detection of the human body can be completed, and the method is high in precision and small in limitation.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. An element defined by the phrase "comprising a … … does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. The noun explains: an EMD algorithm, namely an Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm, an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD for short), a single-component signal with specific physical explanation is called an inherent Mode function, also called an eigenmode function, and an intrinsic Mode function, namely IMF; svm (support Vector Mac), also known as support Vector machine, is a model of binary classification.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous blood pressure detection method adopting a millimeter wave radar comprises the steps of using a millimeter wave radar blood pressure detection system to detect and identify blood pressure, and is characterized by simultaneously identifying heart rate and motion state, and further comprising the following steps:
s1, a positioning step of a millimeter wave radar detection device, which comprises the steps of matching and attaching the millimeter wave radar detection device to the skin of the position of an artery to be detected, generating no pressure on an arm, and forming an echo calculation non-contact space by a certain uniform gap between a transmitting end and a receiving end of the millimeter wave radar and the skin;
s2, identifying echo detection signals through a millimeter wave radar detection system, realizing matching extraction calculation of heart rate and blood vessel fluctuation frequency, and determining the region of the artery blood vessel;
s3, identifying echo detection signals through a millimeter wave radar detection system, identifying and correcting the position of the artery and vein, repeatedly correcting the data process, and determining the position interval of the artery and vein; through echo signal processing, matching skin fluctuation and muscle fluctuation echo data processing caused by heart rate and artery vein correspondence, repeating for 3-5 times, removing noise to form artery fluctuation vein position location, and adjusting the central position of the millimeter wave radar device according to the location to enable the millimeter wave radar device to cover the region where the artery blood vessel is located;
s4, a millimeter wave radar echo signal processing and cardiovascular index extraction step, wherein the heart rate, the blood pressure and the pulse wave velocity can be extracted by processing the acquired echo signal and filtering noise, and the noise signal comprises a skin fluctuation interference signal generated by the movement of the detection object;
continuously eliminating noise, calculating to form blood pressure data and heart rate data, and acquiring exercise state data;
s5, outputting a comparison data graph at a display end; including each time segment, corresponding reference contrast blood pressure data is obtained, including blood pressure data in a resting state and corresponding heart rate data.
2. The continuous blood pressure detection method using the millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the millimeter wave radar detection device comprises a millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor, the millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor is matched and attached to the skin of the position of the artery to be detected, and a millimeter-scale gap distance exists between a transmitting end and a receiving end of the millimeter wave radar detection chip sensor and the corresponding skin.
3. The continuous blood pressure detection method using the millimeter wave radar as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the recognition of the echo detection signal is performed by the millimeter wave radar detection system, so as to realize the matching, extraction and calculation of the heart rate and the blood vessel fluctuation frequency;
the millimeter wave radar detection system determines the heart rate through the detection of the pulsation frequency of the blood vessel, and filters noise echo signals at specific positions through calculation; the noise signals comprise echo signals formed by skin fluctuation driven by muscle movement and interference signals generated by the movement of the detection object.
4. The continuous blood pressure detection method using millimeter wave radar as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the millimeter wave radar monitors and identifies the specific location and vein direction of the artery pulsation simultaneously by the frequency identification of the heart rate, thereby forming the location of the detection region and the acquisition of the detection region.
5. The continuous blood pressure detection method using a millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the millimeter wave radar detection system is a millimeter wave radar array including a plurality of transmitting ends and receiving ends, and the obtained echo signals are subjected to superposition correction.
6. The continuous blood pressure detecting method using millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, contrast data is formed in the computing system, including continuous blood pressure monitoring data of the monitoring period and heart rate data of the corresponding reference contrast and motion state data of the detected object are obtained for each period, and the motion states include a resting state, a large amplitude motion state, a slow motion state, and a resting state; the reference value of the blood pressure data of the detection object in the static state is the highest, the data of each state can be merged by mean values through a time interval, the time interval is divided into 5 minutes and 10 minutes, and the mean values in each time interval are taken as one data to be merged.
7. The continuous blood pressure detecting method using millimeter wave radar as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the millimeter wave radar detection system is a millimeter wave radar array comprising a plurality of transmitting ends and receiving ends, and the obtained echo signals are subjected to superposition correction, so that the artery vein and vein positioning is more accurate.
8. The utility model provides an adopt continuous blood pressure check system of millimeter wave radar, includes integrated circuit board, millimeter wave radar detecting system, characterized by: millimeter wave radar detecting system includes millimeter wave radar chip sensor, integrated circuit board connects millimeter wave radar chip sensor, display screen, motion state sensor, still includes storage module, processing module and battery module, processing module includes rhythm of the heart, blood pressure and draws the module.
9. The continuous blood pressure detecting system using the millimeter wave radar as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the millimeter wave radar detection system further includes:
the target detection module is used for acquiring distance information and phase information of an object based on the continuous wave radar signal, and determining a distance phase corresponding to a human body reflection signal based on the variance of the distance information and the phase information to obtain a human body phase signal;
the signal enhancement module is used for enhancing the human body phase signal and removing noise to obtain an enhanced phase signal;
the signal decomposition module is used for separating the pulse wave phase signal from the enhanced phase signal by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition based on the frequency range of the pulse wave to obtain a reconstructed pulse wave signal;
and the processing module is used for preprocessing the reconstructed pulse wave signal, extracting the characteristic parameters of the reconstructed pulse wave signal and obtaining a blood pressure detection result based on the characteristic parameters.
10. A wearable device using a continuous blood pressure detecting system using a millimeter wave radar according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the millimeter wave radar detection system comprises a millimeter wave radar chip sensor, the integrated circuit board is connected with the millimeter wave radar chip sensor, the display screen and the motion state sensor, and the millimeter wave radar detection system also comprises a storage module, a processing module, a battery module and a shell; the shell is connected with the annular fixing structure, the processing module comprises a heart rate and blood pressure extracting module, and the millimeter wave radar chip sensor is connected with the position fine-tuning device.
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