CN114964323B - Multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method - Google Patents

Multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method Download PDF

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CN114964323B
CN114964323B CN202210812415.3A CN202210812415A CN114964323B CN 114964323 B CN114964323 B CN 114964323B CN 202210812415 A CN202210812415 A CN 202210812415A CN 114964323 B CN114964323 B CN 114964323B
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cavity
tunable
spectral
wavelength
optical signal
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CN114964323A (en
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申雅峰
江琴
张爽爽
王莉
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Beijing Changcheng Institute of Metrology and Measurement AVIC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
    • G01D5/38—Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings

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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and a method, wherein the multi-wavelength optical signal generating device comprises a DFB laser, a first optical fiber coupler, an acetylene gas chamber, a second optical fiber coupler, a wide-spectrum light source, a first photoelectric detector, a tunable F-P cavity, a third optical fiber coupler, an optical amplifier, a double-spectral-line locking calibration control module and a second photoelectric detector, wherein the double-spectral-line locking calibration control module performs feedback control of wavelength locking and calibration on the tunable F-P cavity by using two acetylene spectral lines in an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber, and the tunable F-P cavity subjected to feedback control outputs optical signals with multiple wavelengths and the optical signals are output by the third optical fiber coupler through the optical amplifier. The multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and the method can directly output the calibrated optical wavelength and improve the data precision of the optical wavelength in the fiber bragg grating sensing test.

Description

Multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber grating sensing, and particularly relates to a multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method.
Background
In the process of applying the fiber grating sensing technology, the development of the sensing technology is greatly limited by the accuracy of optical wavelength data, for the same fiber grating sensor, when the measurement is performed in the same measurement environment every time, different deviations can occur in the optical wavelength values output by different types of spectrum data acquisition demodulators or a plurality of same types of spectrum data acquisition demodulators, so that a stable multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method are needed, the numerical errors obtained by different instruments can be calibrated and corrected, and the data precision of the optical wavelength in the test is improved. Patent document CN103066483A discloses a laser for generating a multi-wavelength multi-pulse fiber laser signal, and CN106160872A discloses an adjustable multi-wavelength optical module and a method for generating a multi-wavelength laser signal, but both have problems that the deviation of the output optical wavelength value cannot be calibrated and corrected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method, which can improve the data precision of optical wavelength in the fiber bragg grating sensing test.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a multi-wavelength optical signal generating apparatus, including a DFB laser, a first optical fiber coupler, an acetylene gas chamber, a second optical fiber coupler, a wide-spectrum light source, a first photodetector, a tunable F-P cavity, a third optical fiber coupler, an optical amplifier, a dual-line lock calibration control module, and a second photodetector,
an optical signal output by the DFB laser passes through the first optical fiber coupler, one path of the optical signal enters the acetylene gas chamber, the other path of the optical signal enters the second optical fiber coupler, the optical signal output by the acetylene gas chamber is converted into an electric signal by the first photoelectric detector and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module, the optical signal output by the wide-spectrum light source and the optical signal output by the first optical fiber coupler are coupled by the second optical fiber coupler and then enter the tunable F-P cavity, the optical signal output by the tunable F-P cavity passes through the third optical fiber coupler and the second photoelectric detector and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module, the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module performs feedback control of wavelength locking and calibration on the tunable F-P cavity by using two acetylene spectral lines in an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber, and the tunable F-P cavity subjected to feedback control outputs optical signals with multiple wavelengths and passes through the third optical fiber coupler and then is output by the optical amplifier.
Preferably, the dual-spectral line locking calibration control module comprises a selection unit, a locking unit and a calibration unit,
the selection unit selects a first spectral line and a second spectral line from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber as the two acetylene spectral lines; the locking unit locks the tunable F-P cavity with the first spectral line; and the calibration unit calibrates the free spectral region of the locked tunable F-P cavity by using the second spectral line.
Preferably, the locking unit is configured to lock the tunable F-P cavity by fine-tuning the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity such that one transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity is exactly coincident with the first spectral line.
Preferably, the locking unit is configured to perform feedback control on the DFB laser, and to finely adjust the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity by controlling a piezoelectric ceramic provided in the DFB laser.
Preferably, the calibration unit is configured to determine the order of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity corresponding to the first spectral line by measuring a frequency difference between one transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity closest to the second spectral line and the second spectral line, and calibrate the free spectral range of the locked tunable F-P cavity.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal, which uses the above-mentioned apparatus for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
a selecting step, namely selecting a first spectral line and a second spectral line from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber as the two acetylene spectral lines;
a locking step of locking the tunable F-P cavity with the first spectral line;
and calibrating, namely calibrating the locked free spectral region of the tunable F-P cavity by using the second spectral line.
Preferably, in the locking step, the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity is finely adjusted, so that a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity is strictly coincident with the first spectral line, thereby locking the tunable F-P cavity.
Preferably, in the locking step, the DFB laser is feedback controlled, and the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity is fine-tuned by controlling a piezoelectric ceramic disposed within the DFB laser.
Preferably, in the calibration step, the order of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity corresponding to the first spectral line is determined by measuring the frequency difference between one transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity closest to the second spectral line and the second spectral line, and the free spectral range of the locked tunable F-P cavity is calibrated.
The multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and the method can directly output the calibrated optical wavelength and improve the data precision of the optical wavelength in the fiber bragg grating sensing test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-wavelength optical signal generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dual spectral line lock calibration control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tunable F-P cavity for dual acetylene line locking and calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an output spectrum of the multi-wavelength optical signal generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The inventor finds that acetylene gas molecules have the advantages of stability, no toxicity, no corrosiveness, easiness in filling, no inherent electric moment, large absorption coefficient and the like, and the acetylene gas and the optical frequency of a 1.5-micrometer waveband used by an optical fiber grating sensing technology have good absorption spectral lines in a matching manner, so that the acetylene gas and the optical frequency are very suitable for serving as output signals of standard optical wavelengths in optical fiber grating sensing measurement.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-wavelength optical signal generating apparatus. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-wavelength optical signal generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a multi-wavelength optical signal generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a DFB Laser (Distributed Feedback Laser) 101, a first optical fiber coupler 102, an acetylene gas chamber 103, a second optical fiber coupler 104, a broad-spectrum light source 105, a first photodetector 106, a tunable F-P cavity (Fabry-perot cavity) 107, a third optical fiber coupler 108, an optical amplifier 109, a dual-line lock calibration control module 110, and a second photodetector 111.
According to the connection relation, the DFB laser 101 is connected with a first optical fiber coupler 102, the first optical fiber coupler 102 is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with an acetylene gas chamber 103 and a second optical fiber coupler 104, the acetylene gas chamber 103, a first photoelectric detector 106 and a double-spectral-line locking calibration control module 110 are sequentially connected, a wide-spectrum light source 105 is connected with the second optical fiber coupler 104, the second optical fiber coupler 104 is connected with a tunable F-P cavity 107, the tunable F-P cavity 107, a third optical fiber coupler 108, a second photoelectric detector 111 and the double-spectral-line locking calibration control module 110 are sequentially connected to form a loop, the third optical fiber coupler 108 is connected with an optical amplifier 109, and the optical amplifier 109 outputs optical signals to the outside.
According to the optical signal flow direction, an optical signal output by the DFB laser 101 passes through the first optical fiber coupler 102, one path enters the acetylene gas chamber 103, the other path enters the second optical fiber coupler 104, the optical signal output by the acetylene gas chamber 103 is converted into an electric signal by the first photoelectric detector 106 and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module 110, the optical signal output by the wide-spectrum light source 105 and the optical signal output by the first optical fiber coupler 102 are coupled by the second optical fiber coupler 104 and then enter the tunable F-P cavity 107, the optical signal output by the tunable F-P cavity 107 passes through the third optical fiber coupler 108 and the second photoelectric detector 111 and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module 110, the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module 110 performs feedback control of wavelength locking and calibration on the tunable F-P cavity 107 by using two acetylene spectral lines in an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber 103, and the tunable F-P cavity 107 subjected to feedback control outputs optical signals with multiple wavelengths and then passes through the third optical fiber coupler 108 and the optical amplifier 109 to output.
The tunable F-P cavity 107 is feedback-controlled by a loop formed by the third fiber coupler 108, the second photodetector 111, and the dual-spectral-line-locking calibration control module 110. Other types of lasers may be used for the DFB laser 101. The tunable F-P cavity 107 which is subjected to feedback control outputs optical signals with a plurality of wavelengths to participate in optical fiber sensing measurement.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dual-spectral-line lock calibration control module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the dual-line-lock calibration control module 110 of the present embodiment includes a selection unit 201, a locking unit 202, and a calibration unit 203.
The selection unit 201 selects a first spectral line and a second spectral line as the two acetylene spectral lines from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber 103; the locking unit 202 locks the tunable F-P cavity 107 with the first spectral line; the calibration unit 203 calibrates the Free Spectral Range FSR (Free Spectral Range) of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 with the second Spectral line. The locking unit 202 locks the highest energy wavelength in the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 with said first spectral line. The tunable F-P cavity 107 outputs a series of transmission peaks, the wavelength jitter of which is large before locking and calibration, and the wavelengths of the series of transmission peaks generated after locking and calibration are stable and usable.
In one embodiment, selection unit 201 selects P15 (1534.0995 nm) as a first spectral line (lock wavelength) and P11 (1531.5886 nm) as a second spectral line (calibration wavelength) in the absorption spectrum sequence of acetylene gas chamber 103. Table 1 below shows the sequence of the absorption spectra of acetylene gas cell 103.
TABLE 1 absorption Spectrum sequence of acetylene gas cell
P pieces Wavelength nm
1 1525.7607
2 1526.3147
3 1526.8751
4 1527.4419
5 1528.0151
6 1528.5946
7 1529.1806
8 1529.7730
9 1530.3718
10 1530.9770
11 1531.5886
12 1532.2067
13 1532.8312
14 1533.4621
15 1534.0995
16 1534.7433
17 1535.3935
18 1536.0502
19 1536.7134
20 1537.3830
21 1538.0590
22 1538.7416
23 1539.4306
24 1540.1261
25 1540.8281
Other spectral lines in table 1 may also be selected as the first and second spectral lines, and the odd spectral lines are typically selected because of their greater energy. Further, a spectral line close to the output wavelength of the DFB laser 101 may be selected as the first spectral line (lock wavelength) according to the output wavelength of the DFB laser 101. In this embodiment, the output wavelength of the DFB laser 101 is set to 1534.1nm, close to the wavelength of the P15 line, so the P15 line can be selected as the first line. In order to obtain higher light energy, the second spectral line is also selected from odd spectral lines, which may be any one of P1, P3, P5, P7, P11, P15, P17, P19, P21, P23, and P25, where P11 is selected as the second spectral line for the following description.
In this embodiment, a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is locked with reference to a P15 spectral line, a free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is calibrated with reference to a P11 spectral line, and an ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) light source with a wavelength range of 1526nm to 1567nm is selected as the broad spectrum light source 105.
In one embodiment, the locking unit 202 may be configured to lock the tunable F-P cavity 107 by fine-tuning the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 such that one transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is exactly coincident with said first spectral line. The cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 can be finely adjusted by piezoelectric ceramic control, and the piezoelectric ceramic arranged in the DFB laser 101 is controlled to generate micro-deformation to drive the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 to change.
For this purpose, the locking unit 202 may be configured to perform feedback control of the DFB laser 101 and to fine-tune the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic provided within the DFB laser 101. In the above embodiment, the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is adjusted by piezoelectric ceramic control, so that the transmission peak with the highest energy and the wavelength closest to the P15 spectral line completely coincides with the P15 spectral line, thereby locking the tunable F-P cavity 107.
In one embodiment, the calibration unit 203 is configured to determine the order of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 corresponding to the first spectral line by measuring the frequency difference between the second spectral line and a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 closest to the second spectral line, and to calibrate the free spectral range FSR of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107.
Because the order in which the DFB laser 101 locks the tunable F-P cavity 107 is different, the free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is different, and the frequency of each transmission peak changes accordingly. Fine tuning of the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 allows the DFB laser 101 to be wavelength locked at different orders of the tunable F-P cavity 107, thereby achieving tuning of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107.
In this embodiment, the free spectral range FSR of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 is calibrated by measuring the frequency difference between the P15 spectral line and a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 closest to the P15 spectral line, determining the order m of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 corresponding to the P11 spectral line.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tunable F-P cavity for dual acetylene line locking and calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the working principle of locking and calibrating the tunable F-P cavity by acetylene dual wavelength (dual line) is as follows: in one spectral line f of acetylene C2H2_1 Locking one transmission peak of tunable F-P cavity 107 to reference, with another spectral line F of acetylene C2H2_2 The free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is calibrated for reference. The calibration method comprises the following steps: measuring distance f C2H2_2 One transmission peak and F of tunable F-P cavity 107 with the closest spectral line C2H2_2 The frequency difference delta f between the spectral lines, and the locking frequency f is determined according to the principle of minimum frequency difference C2H2_1 The corresponding tunable F-P cavity 107 passes through the order m of the peak, and the free spectral range FSR of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 is calibrated.
The transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is formed by multiple beam interference which repeatedly reciprocates in the cavity, and the output is a comb spectrum with equal frequency spacing. The frequency interval between adjacent transmission peaks is called free spectral range FSR of the F-P cavity, and the expression is as follows:
Figure 865689DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein c is the speed of light,lis the cavity length and n is the refractive index of the medium within the cavity.
Under the condition of a certain medium refractive index, the free spectral region and the cavity length of the F-P cavitylHave a one-to-one correspondence. Assuming that the medium in the F-P cavity is air and the refractive index is 1, different FSRs can be obtained by adjusting the cavity length, so as to obtain the F-P cavity with different FSRsWhile transmission peaks at different frequency positions can be obtained.
In the above embodiment, the locking wavelength is P15 line with wavelength 1534.0995nm and frequency 195419.1746GHz, and the calibration wavelength is P11 line with wavelength 1531.5886nm and frequency 195739.547GHz. In order to ensure that the wavelengths of the P11 spectrum and the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 are as close as possible, the free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is taken to be about a multiple of the wavelength difference between the P15 spectrum and the P11 spectrum. In this embodiment, the wavelength difference between the P15 spectral line and the P11 spectral line is 2.5109nm, the free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is 1.25nm, and if the P15 spectral line locks m levels of the tunable F-P cavity 107, the P11 spectral line and the m +2 levels of the tunable F-P cavity 107 have the closest transmission peak frequency.
Table 2 gives a table of the P15 line-locked F-P cavity transmission peak order m in the free spectral region around 1.25nm, with the speed of light C =299792458 m/s, versus the free spectral region FSR.
TABLE 2 relationship table of P15 locking F-P order m and free spectral region FSR and F-P cavity length
P15 Lock F-P order m P15 wavelength/nm P15 frequency/GHz P15 locking F-P FSR/GHz FSR/nm of P15 locked F-P Length of F-P cavity mm
1215 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.8388268 1.262633333 0.931965446
1216 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.706558 1.261594983 0.932732496
1217 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.5745066 1.26055834 0.933499546
1218 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.4426721 1.259523399 0.934266596
1219 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.3110538 1.258490155 0.935033645
1220 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.1796513 1.257458606 0.935800695
1221 1534.0995 195419.1746 160.048464 1.256428747 0.936567745
1222 1534.0995 195419.1746 159.9174915 1.255400572 0.937334795
1223 1534.0995 195419.1746 159.7867331 1.25437408 0.938101844
1224 1534.0995 195419.1746 159.6561884 1.253349264 0.938868894
1225 1534.0995 195419.1746 159.5258568 1.252326122 0.939635944
Under the condition that the free spectral range is about 1.25nm, the distance between the F-P cavity transmission peak closest to the P11 spectral line and the P15 spectral line is 2 free spectral ranges, namely the P11 spectral line is closest to the m + 2-level transmission peak of the F-P cavity. The results of the frequency difference calculation are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 frequency difference between P11 and P15 for locking F-P order m +2 transmission peak
P15 locking F-P order m P15 locking F-P FSR/GHz FSR/nm of P15 locked F-P m +2 order frequency/GHz m +2 order wavelength/nm P11+2FSR frequency difference/GHz P11-2FSR wavelength difference/nm
1215 160.838827 1.262633333 195740.8522 1531.578383 -1.305717293 0.0102167
1216 160.706558 1.261594983 195740.5877 1531.580453 -1.041179749 0.0081468
1217 160.574507 1.26055834 195740.3236 1531.58252 -0.777076942 0.0060803
1218 160.442672 1.259523399 195740.0599 1531.584583 -0.513407801 0.0040172
1219 160.311054 1.258490155 195739.7967 1531.586643 -0.25017126 0.0019575
1220 160.179651 1.257458606 195739.5339 1531.588699 0.012633746 -0.0000989
1221 160.048464 1.256428747 195739.2715 1531.590752 0.275008278 -0.0021518
1222 159.917491 1.255400572 195739.0096 1531.592801 0.53695339 -0.0042015
1223 159.786733 1.25437408 195738.748 1531.594848 0.798470139 -0.0062478
1224 159.656188 1.253349264 195738.4869 1531.596891 1.059559572 -0.0082907
As can be seen from table 3, when the P15 spectral line locks the order m =1220 of the tunable F-P cavity 107, the free spectral range of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is calculated to be 160.179651GHz, and the wavelength interval of the tunable F-P cavity 107 at P15 is 1.257458606nm. And then calculating the m +2 frequency of the tunable F-P cavity 107 as 195739.5339 GHz, the wavelength as 1531.588699nm, the minimum frequency difference with the calibration spectral line P11 as 0.012633746GHz, and the wavelength difference as-0.0000989 nm, which are almost coincided with the P11 spectral line, and in addition, when the P15 spectral line is locked at 1220 adjacent levels, the frequency difference has positive and negative changes, namely the P11 spectral line appears on the left and right sides of the m +2 level transmission peak and has obvious changes.
When the tunable F-P cavity 107 is locked by the P15 spectral line, the m-level transmission peak wavelength of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is coincident with the acetylene P15 spectral line, and the free spectral range FSR of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is determined. Since the transmission peaks of the tunable F-P cavity 107 are equally spaced in frequency, the frequency of each transmission peak is the product of the interference order and the free spectral range, and the wavelength difference between the transmission peaks is unequally spaced, which is determined by the formula λ = C/ν, where the light velocity C =299792458 m/s. Table 4 shows 32 spectral lines in total for the frequency and wavelength (1526 nm-1567 nm) of each transmission peak of P15 lock m class. Fig. 4 shows an output spectrum of the multi-wavelength optical signal generator according to the present embodiment actually measured by a high-precision spectrometer through the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 by the broad-spectrum optical source 105. The X-axis of fig. 4 is wavelength and the Y-axis is light energy, and since the wavelength range of the broad spectrum light source 105 is selected to be (1526 nm-1567 nm), the energy between the (1526 nm-1567 nm) collected by the spectrometer is only used, and the energy beyond the range is seen to be smaller and smaller. Each spur represents a high energy optical wavelength signal output by the device and is therefore formed as a multi-wavelength output. The two peaks higher to the left correspond to the P11 and P15 spectral line positions because the total light energy in the system is generated by the broad spectrum light source 105 acting with the DFB laser 101, while the light energy of the DFB laser 101 is concentrated on the two peaks corresponding to P11 and P15, higher than the energy of the other peaks.
TABLE 4 frequency-wavelength comparison table of each transmission peak of P15 locking m-level
Serial number Name(s) frequency/GHz Wavelength nm
0 P15 locking F-P FSR 160.1797 1.2575
1 m +6 stage 196380.2520 1526.5917
2 m +5 grade 196220.0719 1527.8358
3 m +4 stage 196059.8926 1529.0865
4 m +3 stage 195899.7135 1530.3364
5 m +2 stage 195739.5339 1531.5887
6 m +1 stage 195579.3542 1532.8431
7 m +0 stage 195419.1746 1534.0995
8 m-1 grade 195258.9950 1535.3580
9 m-2 grade 195098.8153 1536.6185
10 m-3 grade 194938.6356 1537.8812
11 m-4 grade 194778.4560 1539.1459
12 m-5 grade 194618.2766 1540.4127
13 m-6 grade 194458.0967 1541.6815
14 m-7 grade 194297.9170 1542.9525
15 m-8 grade 194137.7374 1544.2256
16 m-9 grade 193977.5580 1545.5007
17 m-10 grade 193817.3781 1546.7780
18 m-11 grade 193657.1980 1548.0574
19 m-12 grade 193497.0188 1549.3389
20 m-13 grade 193336.8390 1550.6225
21 m-14 grade 193176.6595 1551.9083
22 m-15 grade 193016.4798 1553.1962
23 m-16 grade 192856.3002 1554.4862
24 m-17 grade 192696.1205 1555.7784
25 m-18 grade 192535.9408 1557.0727
26 m-19 grade 192375.7612 1558.3692
27 m-20 grade 192215.5815 1559.6678
28 m-21 grade 192055.4019 1560.9686
29 m-22 grade 191895.2220 1562.2716
30 m-23 stage 191735.0426 1563.5768
31 m-24 grade 191574.8629 1564.8841
32 m-25 grade 191414.6833 1566.1936
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal, in which the apparatus for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to the above embodiment is used to generate a multi-wavelength optical signal, and two acetylene spectral lines in an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber 103 are used to perform feedback control of wavelength locking and calibration on the tunable F-P cavity 107, so as to generate optical signals with multiple wavelengths.
Preferably, the method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal of the present embodiment includes the steps of: a selecting step of selecting a first spectral line and a second spectral line from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber 103 as the two acetylene spectral lines; a locking step of locking the tunable F-P cavity 107 with the first spectral line; and a calibration step, namely calibrating the free spectral region of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 by using the second spectral line.
Preferably, in the locking step, the tunable F-P cavity 107 is locked by fine-tuning the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 such that one of the transmitted peaks of the tunable F-P cavity 107 coincides exactly with the first spectral line.
Preferably, in the locking step, the DFB laser 101 is feedback controlled and the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity 107 is fine tuned by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic disposed within the DFB laser 101.
Preferably, in the calibration step, the free spectral range of the locked tunable F-P cavity 107 is calibrated by measuring the frequency difference between a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 closest to the second spectral line and the second spectral line, determining the order of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity 107 corresponding to the first spectral line.
In one embodiment, the P15 line in the absorption spectrum series of acetylene gas chamber 103 is chosen as the first line (the lock wavelength) and the P11 line is chosen as the second line (the calibration wavelength). The specific limitations of the above steps correspond to the components of the multi-wavelength optical signal generator of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In summary, according to the apparatus and method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal in an embodiment of the present invention, a first spectral line and a second spectral line are selected from an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber 103, and the tunable F-P cavity 107 is locked by the first spectral line, so that the tunable F-P cavity 107 generates a series of transmission peaks with stable wavelengths; the wavelength of each transmission peak is calibrated by the second spectral line, the optical signal of the wide-spectrum light source 105 passes through the two spectral lines of acetylene to lock the tunable F-P cavity 107 and generate a plurality of optical wavelength signals with a wave band of 1.5 μm, and the output of the multi-wavelength optical signals is realized through the optical amplifier 109.
The multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and the method can generate a series of transmission peaks with stable wavelength by locking and calibrating the tunable F-P cavity through two absorption spectral lines of the acetylene gas chamber, and the wide-spectrum light source can generate a plurality of optical wavelength signals with a wave band of 1.5 mu m through the tunable F-P cavity locked by the acetylene spectral lines. Compared with the absorption spectrum line of acetylene, the transmission spectrum of the tunable F-P cavity is not only wide in spectrum range, but also is a transmission peak, which is consistent with the signal light detected by the optical fiber sensing system, and can be used as a calibration light source of the optical fiber sensing system. Therefore, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method can be used as a wavelength tracing reference for optical wavelength calibration in an optical fiber sensing test, and solves the problem of evaluating the accuracy of optical wavelength data in the process of applying the optical fiber grating sensing technology;
2. the optical fiber sensing data acquisition demodulator can be used as a self-calibration wavelength of the optical fiber sensing data acquisition demodulator, so that the optical fiber sensing data acquisition demodulator can directly output the calibrated wavelength of light, and the data demodulation precision is improved.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-wavelength optical signal generating device is characterized by comprising a DFB laser, a first optical fiber coupler, an acetylene gas chamber, a second optical fiber coupler, a wide-spectrum light source, a first photoelectric detector, a tunable F-P cavity, a third optical fiber coupler, an optical amplifier, a double-spectral-line locking calibration control module and a second photoelectric detector,
the optical signal output by the DFB laser passes through the first optical fiber coupler, one path enters the acetylene gas chamber, the other path enters the second optical fiber coupler, the optical signal output by the acetylene gas chamber is converted into an electric signal by the first photoelectric detector and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module, the optical signal output by the wide-spectrum light source and the optical signal output by the first optical fiber coupler are coupled by the second optical fiber coupler and then enter the tunable F-P cavity, the optical signal output by the tunable F-P cavity passes through the third optical fiber coupler and the second photoelectric detector and then enters the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module, the dual-spectral-line locking calibration control module performs feedback control of wavelength locking and calibration on the tunable F-P cavity by using two acetylene spectral lines in an absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber, the tunable F-P cavity subjected to feedback control outputs optical signals with multiple wavelengths and the optical signals pass through the third optical fiber coupler and then pass through the optical amplifier to output,
the double-spectral-line locking calibration control module comprises a selection unit, a locking unit and a calibration unit,
the selecting unit selects a first spectral line and a second spectral line from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber as the two acetylene spectral lines; the locking unit locks the tunable F-P cavity by using the first spectral line; and the calibration unit calibrates the locked free spectral region of the tunable F-P cavity by using the second spectral line.
2. The multi-wavelength optical signal generator of claim 1, wherein the locking unit is configured to lock the tunable F-P cavity by fine-tuning a cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity such that a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity is exactly coincident with the first spectral line.
3. The multi-wavelength optical signal generator of claim 2, wherein the locking unit is configured to feedback control the DFB laser and to fine-tune the cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity by controlling a piezoelectric ceramic disposed within the DFB laser.
4. The multi-wavelength optical signal generator of any of claims 1-3, wherein the calibration unit is configured to determine a level of a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity corresponding to the first spectral line by measuring a frequency difference between a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity closest to the second spectral line and the second spectral line, and to calibrate a free spectral range of the locked tunable F-P cavity.
5. A method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal, wherein the multi-wavelength optical signal is generated by using the apparatus for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
a selecting step, selecting a first spectral line and a second spectral line from the absorption spectrum sequence of the acetylene gas chamber as the two acetylene spectral lines;
a locking step of locking the tunable F-P cavity with the first spectral line;
and calibrating, namely calibrating the locked free spectral region of the tunable F-P cavity by using the second spectral line.
7. The method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to claim 6, wherein in the locking step, the tunable F-P cavity is locked by fine-tuning a cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity such that a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity is exactly coincident with the first spectral line.
8. The method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to claim 7, wherein in the locking step, the DFB laser is feedback controlled to fine tune a cavity length of the tunable F-P cavity by controlling a piezoelectric ceramic disposed within the DFB laser.
9. The method for generating a multi-wavelength optical signal according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein in the calibration step, the order of the transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity corresponding to the first spectral line is determined by measuring the frequency difference between the second spectral line and a transmission peak of the tunable F-P cavity closest to the second spectral line, and the free spectral range of the locked tunable F-P cavity is calibrated.
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