CN203414177U - Optical fiber scanning light source wavelength calibration device based on gas absorption lines - Google Patents
Optical fiber scanning light source wavelength calibration device based on gas absorption lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN203414177U CN203414177U CN201320530003.7U CN201320530003U CN203414177U CN 203414177 U CN203414177 U CN 203414177U CN 201320530003 U CN201320530003 U CN 201320530003U CN 203414177 U CN203414177 U CN 203414177U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical fiber scanning light source wavelength calibration device based on gas absorption lines. The device is suitable for scanning light source output wavelength precise positioning based on a Fabry-perot filter in the field of optical fiber communication and sensing. According to the utility model, a number of absorption lines of gas molecules in a near infrared band are used to provide a number of reference wavelengths for optical fiber scanning light source wavelength calibration, which has high stability; in a calibration process, broadband lights pass through the Fabry-perot filter driven by continuous voltage and then output narrow linewidth scanning lights, and then the gas absorption lines are formed through interaction with the gas molecules in a gas chamber; through baseline extraction, peak fitting absorption and absorption wavelength query, the drive voltage and the absorption wavelength corresponding to each gas absorption line are acquired; and according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage of each line and the wavelength, calibration is carried out on the output wavelength of an optical fiber scanning light source, and system wavelength positioning is realized through a spline interpolation. The device provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple device, easy integration, high precision, broad application prospect and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to optical fiber communication and sensory field, relates in particular to a kind of caliberating device of take the scanning light source output wavelength that Fabry-perot optical fiber adjustable filter is Primary Component.
Background technology
Optical fiber scanning light source, as a kind of tunable narrow linewidth light source, with advantages such as its wide output wavelength scope, narrow output spectrum live widths, is developed rapidly in recent years, and is widely used as the light source of various optical fiber communications and sensor-based system.Than frequency-selecting devices such as FBG, M-Z interferometers, Fabry-perot optical fiber adjustable filter tuning range is wide, tuning speed is fast, resolution and fineness high, be the conventional device that forms optical fiber scanning light source.Fabry-Perot filter is that the principle based on Fabry Parot interferometer is carried out wavelength selection, when a branch of broadband light incides on the parallel flat that two inside surfaces are coated with high-reflecting film, can there is multiple reflections and refraction, in transmitted light direction, form the equal inclination interference bright fringes of a series of different wave lengths.When driving piezoelectric ceramics to change the distance between two plates with continuous voltage, wavelength corresponding to transmitted light maximum value also continuously changes, thereby obtains the output of narrow linewidth scan light.If the Free Spectral Range of wave filter is greater than the output wavelength scope of optical fiber scanning light source, the driving voltage of light source and output wavelength are one to one.After the voltage-wavelength relationship of optical fiber scanning light source is demarcated, can be by the quick positioned light source output wavelength of Real Time Drive voltage, for the wavelength measurement of various application scenarios provides benchmark.
Up to now, the existing multiple optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength scaling method based on spectroanalysis instrument, FBG array and F-P etalon, but all have its weak point.Spectrometer volume is larger and expensive, is unfavorable for miniaturization, the modularization of caliberating device, is also unfavorable for application system integrated; Though FBG array and F-P etalon can provide a plurality of reference wavelengths for demarcating, and are subject to the impact of device thermal stability, can there is with the change of temperature drift in various degree in reference wavelength, thereby depart from its nominal value, to demarcation, brings error.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device based on gas absorption spectrum line, utilize gas molecule in the centre wavelength of many absorption in over-frequency spectral lines of near-infrared band as with reference to wavelength, realize take the high-precision calibrating of driving voltage-output wavelength relation of the scanning light source that Fabry-perot optical fiber adjustable filter is frequency-selecting device.
Gas molecule has fundamental frequency Absorption Line at infrared band, at near-infrared band, has absorption in over-frequency line, and the wavelength that different molecular absorption line is corresponding is different, also different with the wavelength that the different absorption lines of a part are corresponding.Because gas absorption wavelength is to be determined by the level structure of molecule itself, take that it is demarcated the output wavelength of optical fiber scanning light source as reference wavelength, be not subject to the interference of the environmental factors such as temperature, vibration, system stability and wavelength positioning precision improve greatly.
In the utility model, the selection of marked gas has stronger dirigibility and adaptability widely, can to it, there is the gas of absorption according to the different choice of scanning light source output wavelength scope in different application environment, for example in 1500m-1565nm wavelength coverage, select acetylene, in 1565nm-1625nm wavelength coverage, select carbon dioxide, in 1625nm-1670nm wavelength coverage, select methane; Marked gas both can be selected high-purity gas, also high-purity gas can be mixed by a certain percentage with nitrogen, and wherein high-purity gas proportion is generally not less than 30%, can observe comparatively significantly gas absorption peak on output spectrum curve, was advisable.
Theoretical foundation of the present utility model is Lambert-Beer's law:
I=I
0exp(-αcl) (1)
When light beam passes through gas, in its absorbing wavelength place light intensity, can decay, I
0be respectively the light intensity before and after gas absorption with I.Decay size is relevant with the interactional length l of gas with absorption coefficient α, gas concentration c and light, can carry out quantitatively characterizing with spectral line absorbance K.More absorbance is larger for gas absorption, and the light intensity amplitude depression on corresponding light spectral curve is just more obvious.
K=ln(I
0/I)=αcl (2)
Because the centre wavelength of gas absorption spectrum line is determined by the physical property of molecule own, it is a definite value, can be obtained by HITRAN spectroscopic data library inquiry, thereby as long as gas absorption spectra is processed and is obtained driving voltage corresponding to each core wavelength, just can demarcate the voltage-wavelength relationship of optical fiber scanning light source, obtain the real-time output wavelength of light source.
The optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device of the utility model based on gas absorption spectrum line, this device comprises optical fiber scanning light source, air chamber, detector, data collecting card and computing machine; Described optical fiber scanning light source consists of the wideband light source of arranging successively, isolator, adjustable attenuator and Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter; The light that described wideband light source sends enters continuous voltage and drives tuning Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter after isolator and adjustable attenuator; Wherein, the one-way transmission that described isolator is used for guaranteeing light is to prevent entering from the reflected light of Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter the damage that described wideband light source causes device; Described adjustable attenuator is for decaying to avoid the high-reflecting film because of the too high damage Fabry-perot optical fiber of power wave filter to the Output optical power of wideband light source; The narrow linewidth scan light of described optical fiber scanning light source output interacts and forms gas absorption spectra with gas molecule in air chamber, described detector is converted into electric signal after receiving this gas absorption spectra, described data collecting card gathers the photovoltage of described detector output, sends into described computing machine process after analog to digital conversion by USB connecting line.
Further, in described air chamber, be filled with high-purity gas scanning light source output light to absorption; Or the mixed gas of this high-purity gas and nitrogen, in mixed gas, the shared volume ratio of high-purity gas is at least 30%.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) the utility model, according to Near-infrared Spectral Absorption principle, utilizes the output wavelength demarcation that gas molecule absorbing wavelength is optical fiber scanning light source that reference wavelength is provided, and has high stability, can greatly weaken the impact of environmental interference, improves stated accuracy;
(2) the utlity model has stronger expansibility, can obtain according to the replacement of marked gas the reference wavelength of different-waveband, when selected reference wavelength and wavelength to be measured are close, wavelength positioning error reduces greatly;
(3) caliberating device compact conformation described in the utility model, is easy to various optical fiber communications and sensor-based system integratedly, can realize the real-time calibration of optical fiber scanning light source output wavelength and accurate location, has wide market outlook.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device schematic diagram of the utility model based on gas absorption spectrum line;
Fig. 2 is optical fiber scanning light source light spectrum distribution plan;
Fig. 3 is that acetylene gas partially absorbs spectrum;
Fig. 4 is the acetylene gas local absorption spectrogram that caliberating device collects;
Fig. 5 is gas absorption spectrum line baseline extraction schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is gas absorption peak linear fitting schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is optical fiber scanning light source output wavelength calibration curve;
Fig. 8 is optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength calibration system application extension schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is optic fiber grating wavelength positioning precision test pattern.
In figure, 1-wideband light source, 2-isolator, 3-adjustable attenuator, 4-Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter, 5-air chamber, 6-detector, 7-data collecting card, 8-computing machine, 9-optical fiber scanning light source, 10-3dB coupling mechanism, 11-circulator, 12-fiber grating, 13-the first photo-detector, 14-the second photo-detector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device of the utility model based on gas absorption spectrum line, comprises optical fiber scanning light source 9, air chamber 5, detector 6, data collecting card 7 and computing machine 8.
Described optical fiber scanning light source 9 consists of the wideband light source 1 of arranging successively, isolator 2, adjustable attenuator 3 and Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4.Wideband light source 1, isolator 2, adjustable attenuator 3, Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4, air chamber 5, detector 6 sequentially connect by FC/APC single-mode fiber adapter, between detector 6 and data collecting card 7, by copper conductor, be connected, data collecting card 7 is realized data communication with computing machine 8 by USB interface.
The light that described wideband light source 1 sends enters continuous voltage and drives tuning Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 after isolator 2 and adjustable attenuator 3; Wherein, described isolator 2 for the one-way transmission that guarantees light to prevent entering from the reflected light of Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 damage that described wideband light source 1 causes device; Described adjustable attenuator 3 is for decaying to avoid the high-reflecting film because of the too high damage Fabry-perot optical fiber of power wave filter 4 to the Output optical power of wideband light source 1.
In described air chamber 5, be filled with high-purity gas scanning light source output light to absorption; Or the mixed gas of this high-purity gas and nitrogen, in mixed gas, the shared volume ratio of high-purity gas is at least 30%.The narrow linewidth scan light of described optical fiber scanning light source 9 outputs interacts and forms gas absorption spectra with gas molecule in air chamber 5, after receiving this gas absorption spectra, described detector 6 is converted into electric signal, described data collecting card 7 gathers the photovoltage of described detector 6 outputs, sends into described computing machine 8 process after analog to digital conversion by USB connecting line.
The method of utilizing the above-mentioned optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device based on gas absorption spectrum line to demarcate is as follows:
With continuous voltage, drive Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4, optical fiber scanning light source 9 obtains the output of narrow linewidth scan light, and described optical fiber scanning light source 9 output spectrums distribute as shown in Figure 2, and wavelength coverage is 1500nm-1625nm, cover C+L wave band, can meet the requirement of most Fibre Optical Sensors and communication system.Because gas absorption need realize in space, thereby air chamber adopts C-lens to realize the coupling of optic fibre light path and space optical path, air chamber length is 10cm, fill 1atm(1 standard atmospheric pressure) marked gas, marked gas is selected acetylene-nitrogen mixture, and wherein the shared volume ratio of acetylene is 30%.In optical fiber scanning light source 9, the broadband light of being sent by wideband light source 1 is after isolator 2 and adjustable attenuator 3, to be no more than unidirectional this Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 that enters of light intensity of the Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 input optical power upper limits, and this Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 transmission peak wavelength under the driving of sawtooth voltage continuously changes, realize the filtering of broadband light and tuning.The narrow linewidth scan light of Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 outputs enters after air chamber 5, gas molecule in this narrow linewidth scan light and air chamber 5 interacts, in gas absorption wavelength place light intensity, decay, in corresponding absorption spectrum curve, there is intensity depression, then, by detector 6, gather gas absorption spectra, detector 6 is responsible for light intensity survey and convert light signal to electric signal, after data collecting card 7 analog to digital conversion, sends in computing machine 8 and is handled as follows:
To gas absorption spectra, adopt second order to lead maximum value Peak Search Method and carry out peak value detection, extract each absorption line, according to each position of spectral line place curve of spectrum second derivative value order from big to small, record is no less than the light intensity amplitude of 10 spectral lines, then, adopt linear insert method, extract respectively the baseline of above-mentioned each spectral line, interpolation scope covers the absorption region of whole piece spectral line, interpolation point two ends be arranged on spectral line both sides to light source without the smooth region absorbing, thereby the background light intensity while obtaining without gas absorption;
Calculate respectively the absorbance of above-mentioned many spectral lines, and absorption peak line style is adopted to Lorentzian matching, record driving voltage and the peak value absorbance of each matched curve center position;
By the peak value absorbance of above-mentioned many spectral lines, calculated respectively the absorption coefficient of each spectral line, and by inquiry HITRAN spectra database, obtain the core absorbing wavelength that each absorption coefficient is corresponding;
Embodiment 2:
Acetylene is a kind of gas that near infrared light is had to strong absorption, has tens strong absorption lines, as shown in Figure 3 between 1515nm-1540nm.Take acetylene as example, the Wavelength calibration method of optical fiber scanning light source 9 is described.In actual calibration process, without gathering the whole absorption lines of gas, local absorption spectrum can provide abundant reference wavelength for demarcating.Fig. 4 has provided optical fiber scanning light source 9 driving voltages to be changed between 9.6V at 6.6V, when marked gas is selected acetylene-nitrogen mixture, and the gas absorption spectra figure that detector 6 collects, wherein the shared volume ratio of acetylene is 30%.To the curve of spectrum, adopt second order to lead Peak Search Method and carry out peak value detection, second order is led rough corresponding the center absorbing wavelength of each spectral line of the driving voltage at maximum value place, and second derivative value is larger, and spectral line absorbs stronger.After obtaining the roughly absorption position of each spectral line, the size of leading according to second order is chosen wherein 18 stronger spectral lines of absorption and is carried out respectively baseline extraction and absorption peak linear fitting, and the driving voltage of matched curve center is corresponding the center absorbing wavelength of each spectral line accurately.
Light source output spectrum is continuously and smooth change when without gas absorption, thereby according to the sampling light intensity in non-extinction region, absorption line both sides, by linear insert method, can obtain the background light intensity of absorption region, thereby obtain the baseline of spectral line, as shown in Figure 5.When gas absorption peak is carried out to linear fitting, because of its actual line style Voigt function convolution form that is Gaussian function and Lorentzian, can only solve by numerical analysis, and calculate comparatively complicated, therefore generally, under low pressure with the approximate matching of Gaussian function, be similar to matching with Lorentzian under normal pressure and high pressure.In the present embodiment 2, air chamber 5 is operated under normal pressure, and Fig. 6 has provided and with Lorentzian, gas absorption peak carried out the result of matching.The driving voltage of matched curve center position and amplitude are driving voltage corresponding to absorption line centre wavelength and absorbance peak value.At gas concentration c and absorption length l, certain in the situation that, peak value absorbance K is only relevant with spectral line absorption coefficient.Value in the α trying to achieve and HITRAN molecular database is compared, can obtain the core absorbing wavelength that each absorption coefficient is corresponding.According to each core absorbing wavelength and this series of discrete sampled point of driving voltage thereof, can demarcate the voltage-wavelength relationship of optical fiber scanning light source, as shown in Figure 7.
After the output wavelength of optical fiber scanning light source 9 is demarcated, can select the cubic spline in Based on Interpolating Spline to carry out voltage interpolation to calibration curve, realize in light source output wave band the accurate location of wavelength arbitrarily, for the various application extensions of scanning system provide wavelength standard.
Embodiment 3:
Method described in the utility model is simple, required caliberating device compact conformation, be easy to other optical fiber sensing systems integrated, make the utility model both can be used for the off-line calibration of scanning light source output wavelength, can be used for again the online of optical wavelength to measure in real time, the present embodiment 3 is application extension embodiments of the present utility model, and Fig. 8 has provided a kind of Integrated Solution of optical fiber scanning Source calibration system and optical fiber grating temperature-measuring system.Comprise by wideband light source 1, isolator 2, the optical fiber scanning light source 9 that adjustable attenuator 3 and Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 form, the narrow linewidth scan light of Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter 4 outputs becomes two branch roads by three-dB coupler 10 light splitting, 50% light enters air chamber 5 and the first photo-detector 13 in branch road one, obtains gas absorption spectra for the real-time calibration of optical fiber scanning light source 9 output wavelengths; 50% light in addition enters fiber grating 12 by the circulator 11 in branch road two, is gathered the reflectance spectrum of gratings by the second photo-detector 14.
When environment temperature changes, the foveal reflex wavelength of grating can drift about, and driving voltage corresponding to corresponding reflectance spectrum upward peak position also can change.The optical fiber scanning light source 9 driving voltages-output wavelength relation curve being obtained by real-time calibration, can convert driving voltage change amount corresponding to fiber grating reflection peak to fiber grating foveal reflex wavelength variable quantity.Because the temperature variant relation of foveal reflex wavelength of fiber grating is that character by grating itself determines, after obtaining wavelength variable quantity, grating temperature-wavelength corresponding relation that can use according to reality obtain variation of ambient temperature amount so.Fig. 9 has provided and when temperature constant, has utilized the utility model method and caliberating device fiber bragg grating center wavelength to be carried out to the result of 200 repeated tests, in figure, grating wavelength average is 1535.144nm, localization criteria is poor is 2.8pm, much smaller than the caused grating wavelength drift of temperature variation.Therefrom can find out that the Wavelength calibration device and method of the utility model based on gas absorption spectrum line can improve system wavelength positioning precision greatly, reduce interference temperature survey being caused because of calibrated error, there is very strong practical value.
Although the utility model is described in conjunction with figure above; but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present utility model; in the situation that not departing from the utility model aim, can also make a lot of distortion, within these all belong to protection of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. the optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device based on gas absorption spectrum line, is characterized in that, this device comprises optical fiber scanning light source (9), air chamber (5), detector (6), data collecting card (7) and computing machine (8); Described optical fiber scanning light source consists of the wideband light source of arranging successively (1), isolator (2), adjustable attenuator (3) and Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter (4);
The light that described wideband light source (1) sends enters continuous voltage and drives tuning Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter (4) after isolator (2) and adjustable attenuator (3); Wherein, described isolator (2) for the one-way transmission that guarantees light to prevent entering from the reflected light of Fabry-perot optical fiber wave filter (4) damage that described wideband light source (1) causes device; Described adjustable attenuator (3) is for decaying to avoid the high-reflecting film because of the too high damage Fabry-perot optical fiber of power wave filter (4) to the Output optical power of wideband light source (1);
The narrow linewidth scan light of described optical fiber scanning light source (9) output interacts and forms gas absorption spectra with gas molecule in air chamber (5), after receiving this gas absorption spectra, described detector (6) is converted into electric signal, described data collecting card (7) gathers the photovoltage of described detector (6) output, sends into described computing machine (8) process after analog to digital conversion by USB connecting line.
2. the optical fiber scanning optical source wavelength caliberating device based on gas absorption spectrum line according to claim 1, wherein, is filled with high-purity gas scanning light source output light to absorption in described air chamber (5); Or the mixed gas of this high-purity gas and nitrogen, in mixed gas, the shared volume ratio of high-purity gas is at least 30%.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103411686A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 天津大学 | Device and method for calibrating optical fiber scanning light source wavelength based on gas absorption spectral lines |
| CN104713843A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-17 | 南开大学 | Gas sensing system and gas sensing method based on optical fiber F-P (Fabry-Perot) tunable filter |
| CN105241592A (en) * | 2015-09-12 | 2016-01-13 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Novel wavelength demodulator based on technology of multichannel DWDM |
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| CN114486808A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-13 | 山东大学 | Gas detection method for enhancing spectral line absorption intensity |
| CN114964323A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-08-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method |
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| CN103411686A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 天津大学 | Device and method for calibrating optical fiber scanning light source wavelength based on gas absorption spectral lines |
| CN104713843A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-17 | 南开大学 | Gas sensing system and gas sensing method based on optical fiber F-P (Fabry-Perot) tunable filter |
| CN104713843B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-06-16 | 南开大学 | Gas sensing system and method for sensing based on optical fiber F P tunable optic filters |
| CN105241592A (en) * | 2015-09-12 | 2016-01-13 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Novel wavelength demodulator based on technology of multichannel DWDM |
| CN108106645A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-01 | 天津大学 | Fiber grating sensing demodulation apparatus and method based on the reference of hydrogen cyanide absorbing wavelength |
| WO2020150304A1 (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-23 | Enos Analytical, LLC | Non-destructive gas concentration analyzer |
| US10732101B1 (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2020-08-04 | Enos Analytical, LLC | Non-destructive gas concentration analyzer |
| CN114486808A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-13 | 山东大学 | Gas detection method for enhancing spectral line absorption intensity |
| CN114486808B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-07-04 | 山东大学 | Gas detection method for enhancing spectral line absorption intensity |
| CN114964323A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-08-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Multi-wavelength optical signal generating device and method |
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