CN114500618A - Photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on Internet of things, acquisition terminal and power module - Google Patents
Photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on Internet of things, acquisition terminal and power module Download PDFInfo
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- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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Abstract
A photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the Internet of things, a collection terminal and a power module belong to a combination of intelligent hardware and a remote monitoring platform and mainly solve the technical problems that an existing monitoring system is potential safety hazards and is not visual in display and the like. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: the acquisition terminal system monitors and acquires signals in a grouping mode, namely the acquisition terminal system comprises data acquisition and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel; and the signal output end of each lower computer control panel is respectively connected with a data transmission system and then connected into a remote monitoring platform. And each lower computer control board is connected with and monitors 5-12 photovoltaic cell assemblies. The photovoltaic battery pack monitoring and alarming device has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simplicity and convenience in installation, high operation reliability and the like, is mainly applied to a photovoltaic power station to monitor and alarm a photovoltaic battery pack in real time, and is very suitable for large-scale installation and application of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photovoltaic cell module monitoring system, in particular to a photovoltaic cell module monitoring and collecting terminal and a power module based on the Internet of things.
Background
At present, when a photovoltaic power station is subjected to fine management, the voltage and current of each cell panel, the front and back temperature of the panel and the wind speed of a parking place need to be monitored. These data are important supports for photovoltaic plant operation monitoring and fault determination maintenance. Photovoltaic arrays can allow for short term shading, but long term shading can produce heat island effects, the panels can heat up, long term build-up of heat can physically damage the panels, and thus array monitoring of panel temperature is necessary. The monitoring method of the photovoltaic array mainly comprises a direct method and an indirect method; the direct method is to directly measure the voltage and current of each battery plate and send data to a computer for judgment by using a bus technology, and the method has a series of problems related to a transmission path, such as planning wiring, presetting an interface, detecting a line, expanding the capacity of the line and the like; the indirect method is to judge the working state of the battery by measuring the temperature difference of the battery, however, the method has some defects, such as the state with unobvious temperature difference cannot be distinguished, the real-time performance is poor, the precision and efficiency of fault detection depend on the grade of the detection equipment (thermal infrared imager), and the online fault analysis and alarm are not easy to realize.
At present, a LoRa wireless star network is also used for monitoring a photovoltaic array, and the system architecture is divided into three layers: the method comprises the steps of collecting a terminal layer, a data transmission layer and an application management layer; the acquisition terminal layer plays a role of an executor and is responsible for receiving and acquiring voltage and current data; the data transmission layer plays a role of a proxy and is responsible for integrating the data uploaded by the acquisition layer and sending the data to the application management layer; the application management layer is mainly a management monitoring platform, plays a role of a decision maker, is responsible for analyzing and judging data and managing and maintaining a system, and realizes remote real-time monitoring, inquiring and early warning. The principle is as follows: data are transmitted to the three-dimensional space through the wireless sensor network, a conductor medium is not needed in the middle, and labor and maintenance cost are saved. Parameter information such as working state, current, voltage, rated power and the like of each battery panel of a photovoltaic array is transmitted to a management background through an operator network in a mode of combining an LoRa wireless sensing terminal DLN100 and an LoRa gateway DLG100 for real-time monitoring and analysis processing; the monitoring of state information of a photovoltaic array, parameters such as temperature and humidity sensors and the like can be realized in a local central control room, and the data can be locally received by a Lan port, a WiFi port and an RS232/485 serial port; managers can monitor corresponding key parameters of the photovoltaic array through the APP in a mobile phone internet surfing mode at any time and any place.
The solar cell panel automatic monitoring system is invented by the royal wave, the tribute, the Chenyiqiao, the royal stiffness, the Zhongzhuo, the Zhenglirong, the Anjin static and the like of the Wudan university Hospital (application number: 201810936288.1 application date: 2018-08-16), and is respectively connected with a voltage processing module and a current processing module which are respectively connected with the solar cell panel, wherein the voltage processing module and the current processing module are respectively connected with a central processing module, and the central processing module supplies power through a power management module connected with the central processing module; central processing module passes through the serial ports and is connected with loRa communication module, loRa communication module and loRa gateway data connection, the loRa gateway communicates with thing networking cloud platform.
LoRa is an ultra-long distance wireless transmission scheme based on LPWAN spread spectrum technology adopted and popularized by Semtech corporation in America, changes the prior compromise consideration mode of transmission distance and power consumption, provides a simple system capable of realizing long distance, long battery life and large capacity for users, and further expands a sensing network; the birth of LoRa was 8 months in 2013, and Semtech corporation issued a new chip based on a Long Range low power consumption data transmission technology (Long Range, abbreviated as LoRa) below 1GHz to the industry. The LoRa mainly operates in the global free frequency band (i.e., unlicensed frequency band), including 433, 868, 915 MHz, etc. The LoRa network is mainly composed of a terminal (a built-in LoRa module), a gateway (or called a base station), a server and a cloud, and application data can be transmitted in a bidirectional mode. Therefore, all technologies based on the LoRa communication module have great risk potential.
The current common collector box cascade monitoring system is large in data volume and not intuitive due to the use of the collector box, and can not locate and trace fault equipment, thereby providing great difficulty for monitoring personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic cell module monitoring system which is safe and intuitive and adopts an Internet of things chip-level bottom layer programming technology to accurately monitor the running state of each photovoltaic cell module.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: it belongs to the combination of intelligent hardware and remote monitoring platform, and its framework includes 3 parts: the system comprises an acquisition terminal system, a data transmission system and a remote monitoring platform; the acquisition terminal system is responsible for receiving and acquiring the electric signals; the data transmission system is responsible for integrating the data uploaded by the acquisition terminal system and sending the data to the remote monitoring platform; the remote monitoring platform is mainly used for data processing and analysis, is responsible for data analysis and judgment and system management and maintenance, and realizes remote real-time monitoring, query and alarm; the method is characterized in that: the acquisition terminal system monitors and acquires signals in a grouping mode, namely the acquisition terminal system comprises data acquisition and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel; and the signal output end of each lower computer control panel is respectively connected with a data transmission system and then connected into a remote monitoring platform.
Each of the lower computer control boards of the present invention is preferably connected to monitor 5-12 photovoltaic cell assemblies. Each lower computer control board comprises a power supply module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module and a digital display module; each sampling end of each sampling module is respectively connected with each photovoltaic cell component of the group, and the signal output of the sampling module is connected with the signal processing module through the analog-to-digital conversion module and is sent to the digital display module for display after being processed by the signal processing module.
The input end of the power module is connected with the circuit of the photovoltaic battery pack group to provide the power of the whole circuit, and the direct current output by the power module in a voltage stabilizing way is supplied to the sampling module, the analog-digital conversion module, the signal processing module and the digital display module for use.
The power module of the invention adopts an emitter follower and a broadband input dcdc conversion module, and comprises a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode, a DC/DC chip set, and a capacitor and a resistor which are matched with the triode and the DC/DC chip set; the emitter follower is composed of a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode and a proper resistor to form a first-stage voltage regulator source, so that a voltage-stabilized direct current signal is obtained and is transmitted to a filter voltage regulator formed by a DC/DC chip set and a capacitor in a matching way to generate a stable direct current for a relevant module to work and use; the photovoltaic module directly utilizes the power supply provided by the power generation of the photovoltaic module, does not need an external extra power supply, and stably and efficiently solves the power supply problem of the module, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost.
The same number of differential circuits connected with each photovoltaic cell assembly are correspondingly arranged according to the number of the photovoltaic cell assembly blocks in each group, and the differential circuits are mutually connected in series and are connected in parallel with corresponding resistors to form a sampling module; the problem of sampling and monitoring of single batteries of the series photovoltaic battery assembly is solved by utilizing an operational amplifier differential circuit; the method can accurately sample and monitor the voltage value of each module no matter how many photovoltaic cell modules are connected in series, can be used for photovoltaic cell modules with various peak voltage parameters, and has the advantages of small sampling current, low power consumption and almost no influence on the operation efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station; by adopting the differential circuit, the cost is lower, the sampling is more stable and accurate, and the reliability is better.
The invention writes the Keil software into the control chip of the lower computer, namely, the running state of each photovoltaic cell component is accurately monitored by adopting a chip-level bottom-layer programming technology, and the upper computer is compiled by adopting a C # object-oriented programming language and is manufactured into a remote monitoring platform; and synchronously displaying the running state of each photovoltaic cell assembly on the acquisition terminal system and the remote monitoring platform, and alarming the photovoltaic cell assembly with abnormal working state in real time.
The analog-to-digital conversion module is manufactured by adopting an ADC chip and comprises an ADC 0809.
The signal processing module of the invention adopts an MCU signal processing module.
The digital display module of the invention adopts a display module composed of a dynamic nixie tube DYN.
The invention is used in the acquisition terminal system of the monitoring system of the photovoltaic cell assembly, it adopts and carries on the grouping form to the photovoltaic board and monitors and gathers the signal, namely it includes data acquisition and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel. Each lower computer control board comprises a power supply module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module and a digital display module; each sampling end of each sampling module is respectively connected with each photovoltaic cell component of the group, and the signal output of the sampling module is connected with the signal processing module through the analog-to-digital conversion module and is sent to the digital display module for display after being processed by the signal processing module.
The invention relates to a power module for a photovoltaic cell assembly monitoring system, which adopts an emitter follower and a broadband input dcdc conversion module, and comprises a voltage-regulator tube D1, a triode, a DC/DC chip set, a capacitor and a resistor which are matched with the triode and the DC/DC chip set; the emitter follower is composed of a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode and a proper resistor to form a first-stage voltage regulator source, so that a voltage-stabilized direct current signal is obtained and is transmitted to a filter voltage regulator formed by a DC/DC chip set and a capacitor in a matching way to generate a stable direct current for a relevant module to work and use; the photovoltaic module directly utilizes the power supply provided by the power generation of the photovoltaic module, does not need an external extra power supply, and stably and efficiently solves the power supply problem of the module, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the intelligent monitoring system is a design based on an Internet of Things (Internet of Things) mode, belongs to a combination of intelligent hardware and a remote monitoring platform, can synchronously display the running state of each photovoltaic module at an operation and maintenance end and a monitoring end, and can realize real-time alarm on the photovoltaic modules with abnormal working states, for example, the monitoring end can alarm in sound and light at the same time, the operation and maintenance end can display data synchronously, so that all common physical objects which can be independently addressed can realize an interconnected network; all articles are connected with the Internet through the information sensing equipment to exchange information, namely, the articles have information, so that intelligent identification and management are realized.
The main design innovation points comprise:
1. different from a combiner box-level assembly monitoring system on the market, namely group cascade monitoring, the design adopts an Internet of things chip-level bottom layer programming technology to accurately monitor the running state of each photovoltaic assembly, and the response time reaches millisecond level;
2. the monitoring of one-control multi-mode is easily realized, the current experimental product adopts a lower computer control panel to monitor 8 photovoltaic modules at the same time, and the monitoring of 16 photovoltaic modules or even 32 photovoltaic modules in each group of strings can be realized by slight improvement, which is enough for large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power stations. Therefore, the product cost is saved, the cost performance is improved, the installation difficulty and the labor cost are saved, and the data acquisition and monitoring of the network platform are facilitated;
3. the problem of sampling and monitoring of the single batteries of the series photovoltaic battery assembly is solved by utilizing the operational amplifier differential circuit. The method has the advantages that the voltage value of each module can be accurately sampled and monitored no matter how many photovoltaic modules are connected in series, the method is used for the photovoltaic modules with various peak voltage parameters, the sampling current is small, the effect is low, and the operation efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station is hardly influenced;
4. an external extra power supply is not needed, and the power is provided by directly utilizing the power generation of the photovoltaic module. Different from other monitoring products in the market, the monitoring device needs to be externally connected with a battery or even supplied with power by mains supply, the emitter is adopted by the monitoring device to follow an externally-added broadband input dcdc module, the power supply problem of the module is stably and efficiently solved, and therefore the operation and maintenance cost is greatly reduced;
5. the introduction of an internet big data platform can synchronously acquire and display monitoring target data, can timely perform remote audible and visual alarm on the components exceeding the normal working threshold value, continuously monitor the running condition of each photovoltaic component and remind maintenance personnel to timely and accurately perform treatment;
6. the site real-time alarm display is carried out, the position of a fault component and a fault value thereof are accurately positioned, the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel is greatly improved, and the labor time and the cost are saved;
7. the remote monitoring platform automatically monitors the disconnection and power failure conditions of the lower computer module, efficiently and accurately displays the running state of each component in real time, accurately displays various alarm data in time and reminds monitoring and operation and maintenance personnel to make further response and processing;
8. the simplicity and the high efficiency of the data display panel of the remote monitoring platform can easily filter out unnecessary displayed normal working modules for tens of thousands and even hundreds of thousands of large grid-connected power stations, only display the components and modules needing to be maintained, realize accurate positioning and concise display.
9. The modules are easy to expand and compatible, the bottom-layer Internet of things modules can be conveniently expanded in a network, the maximum expansion of the modules in the same network segment is 254, and the running states of 2000 photovoltaic modules can be monitored simultaneously. The distributed power generation system is enough, if the system is an ultra-large grid-connected system, the fixed IP mode of the internet can be theoretically used for infinite expansion, the requirement of monitoring the ultra-large-scale photovoltaic array is simply and efficiently met, the modules run independently without influencing each other, and the stability and the safety of running are guaranteed at the maximum efficiency;
10. in addition, the product has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simple and convenient installation, high operation reliability and the like, and is very suitable for large-scale installation and application of enterprises. The photovoltaic power generation monitoring system is mainly applied to a photovoltaic power station to monitor and alarm a photovoltaic battery assembly in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power input and system dcdc conversion module;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a series battery pack cell sampling module;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an analog to digital conversion module;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an MCU signal processing module;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a digital display module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention belongs to a combination of intelligent hardware and a remote monitoring platform, and the framework of the combination comprises 3 subsystems: the system comprises an acquisition terminal system, a data transmission system and a remote monitoring platform; the acquisition terminal system is responsible for receiving and acquiring the electric signals; the data transmission system is responsible for integrating the data uploaded by the acquisition terminal system and sending the data to the remote monitoring platform; the remote monitoring platform is mainly used for data processing and analysis, is responsible for data analysis and judgment and system management and maintenance, and realizes remote real-time monitoring, query and alarm; the method is characterized in that: the acquisition terminal system monitors and acquires signals in a grouping mode, namely the acquisition terminal system comprises data acquisition and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel; and the signal output end of each lower computer control board is respectively connected with a data transmission system and then connected into a remote monitoring platform. The operation state of each photovoltaic cell module can be synchronously displayed on the acquisition terminal system and the remote monitoring platform, and real-time alarm is realized on the photovoltaic cell modules with abnormal working states.
Each lower computer control board is preferably connected with 5-12 photovoltaic cell assemblies for monitoring; the optimal connection monitors 8 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and the cost performance is highest.
In embodiment 1, referring to the functional topological diagram of fig. 1, a lower computer control board is respectively connected to more than 8 photovoltaic cell modules, and respectively collects voltage and current signals of each photovoltaic cell module, the collected electrical signals of each photovoltaic cell module are respectively converted into data signals by an analog-to-digital conversion module and respectively displayed, and the data signals are processed by a signal processing module and then transmitted to a computer for processing.
At present, 8 photovoltaic cell assemblies are monitored by a lower computer control board, and the monitoring of 16 or even 32 photovoltaic cell assemblies in each group can be realized by slight improvement, which is enough for a large grid-connected photovoltaic power station. Therefore, the product cost is saved, the cost performance is improved, the installation difficulty and the labor cost are saved, and the data acquisition and monitoring of the network platform are facilitated; and one-control multi-mode monitoring is easily realized.
In embodiment 2, referring to fig. 1 to 6, each lower computer control board includes a power module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module, and a digital display module; each sampling end of each sampling module is respectively connected with each photovoltaic cell component of the group, and the signal output of the sampling module is connected with the signal processing module through the analog-to-digital conversion module and is sent to the digital display module for display after being processed by the signal processing module. The remainder being in accordance with any other embodiment or combination of 2 or more embodiments of the invention.
In embodiment 5, the invention writes "related lower computer control chips" by using Keil software, that is, the operating state of each photovoltaic cell module is accurately monitored by using a chip-level bottom layer programming technology, and the upper computer is written and manufactured into a remote monitoring platform by using a C # object-oriented programming language. The remainder being in accordance with any other embodiment or combination of 2 or more embodiments of the invention.
In example 8, referring to fig. 6, the digital display module is a display module formed by a dynamic nixie tube DYN. The remainder being in accordance with any other embodiment or combination of 2 or more embodiments of the invention.
Example 9, the specific working implementation process of the present invention: after grouping, each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies respectively control one lower computer, each lower computer respectively comprises a power supply module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module and a digital display module, and each lower computer can independently work without influencing the work; the signal output of each sampling module passes through the analog-to-digital conversion module and the signal processing module, and relevant data are displayed on the digital display modules of each group respectively. The data of each lower computer can be synchronously acquired and displayed by the aid of the large data platform of the internet, the components crossing the normal working threshold value can be subjected to remote acousto-optic alarm in time, the running condition of each photovoltaic cell component is continuously monitored, and maintenance personnel are reminded of timely and accurately handling the photovoltaic cell components. Therefore, the function of displaying can be displayed at a remote monitoring end and can also be alarmed and displayed on site in real time. The position and the fault value of the fault assembly can be accurately positioned, the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel is greatly improved, and the labor time and the labor cost are saved. The simplicity and the high efficiency of the data display panel of the remote monitoring platform can easily filter out unnecessary displayed normal working modules for tens of thousands and even hundreds of thousands of large grid-connected power stations, only display the components and modules needing to be maintained, realize accurate positioning and concise display.
In embodiment 10, the present invention can monitor the lower computer module with abnormal timeout communication through the time division sampling function of the monitoring platform of the upper computer, so that the remote monitoring platform can automatically monitor the disconnection and power failure conditions of the lower computer module, efficiently and accurately display the operating states of the components in real time, accurately display various alarm data in time, and remind the monitoring and operation and maintenance personnel to make further response and processing.
In embodiment 11, the lower computer module of the present invention can achieve simple and convenient extensibility and compatibility through simple connection of routers, the bottom internet of things module can be conveniently extended in a network, the maximum extension of 254 modules in the same network segment can monitor the operating states of 2000 photovoltaic cell assemblies at the same time. The system is enough for a distributed power generation system, if the system is an ultra-large grid-connected system, the cascade mode of the router can be theoretically used for infinite expansion, the requirement of monitoring the ultra-large photovoltaic array is simply and efficiently met, the modules run independently without influencing each other, and the stability and the safety of running are guaranteed with the maximum efficiency. The invention adopts the integrated lower mechanism as the acquisition end, has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, low manufacturing cost, simple and convenient installation, high operation reliability and the like, and is very suitable for large-scale installation and application of enterprises.
The protection range of the invention mainly adopts a mode of monitoring and collecting signals in a grouping mode through a collection terminal system and also adopts a working principle of protecting each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies to be respectively connected with 1 lower computer control board.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic cell subassembly monitoring system based on thing networking, it belongs to the combination of intelligent hardware and remote monitoring platform, and its framework includes 3 parts: the system comprises an acquisition terminal system, a data transmission system and a remote monitoring platform; the acquisition terminal system is responsible for receiving and acquiring the electric signals; the data transmission system is responsible for integrating the data uploaded by the acquisition terminal system and sending the data to the remote monitoring platform; the remote monitoring platform is mainly used for data processing and analysis, is responsible for data analysis and judgment and system management and maintenance, and realizes remote real-time monitoring, query and alarm; the method is characterized in that: the acquisition terminal system monitors and acquires signals in a grouping mode, namely the acquisition terminal system comprises data acquisition and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel; and the signal output end of each lower computer control panel is respectively connected with a data transmission system and then connected into a remote monitoring platform.
2. The photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and each lower computer control board is connected with and monitors 5-12 photovoltaic cell assemblies.
3. The photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: each lower computer control board comprises a power module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module and a digital display module; each sampling end of each sampling module is respectively connected with each photovoltaic cell component of the group, and the signal output of the sampling module is connected with the signal processing module through the analog-to-digital conversion module and is sent to the digital display module for display after being processed by the signal processing module.
4. The internet of things-based photovoltaic cell assembly monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the input end of the power module is connected with the circuit of the photovoltaic battery pack group to provide a power supply for the whole circuit, and the direct current output by the power module in a voltage stabilizing way is supplied to the sampling module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, the signal processing module and the digital display module for use.
5. The photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the power module adopts an emitter follower and a broadband input dcdc conversion module, and comprises a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode, a DC/DC chip set, a capacitor and a resistor which are matched with the triode and the DC/DC chip set; the emitter follower is composed of a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode and a proper resistor to form a first-stage voltage regulator source, so that a voltage-stabilized direct current signal is obtained and is transmitted to a filter voltage regulator formed by a DC/DC chip set and a capacitor in a matching way to generate a stable direct current for a relevant module to work and use; the photovoltaic module directly utilizes the power supply provided by the power generation of the photovoltaic module, does not need an external extra power supply, and stably and efficiently solves the power supply problem of the module, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost.
6. The photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the same number of differential circuits connected with each photovoltaic cell assembly are correspondingly arranged according to the number of the photovoltaic cell assembly blocks in each group, and the differential circuits are mutually connected in series and are connected in parallel with corresponding resistors to form a sampling module; the problem of sampling and monitoring of single batteries of the series photovoltaic battery assembly is solved by utilizing an operational amplifier differential circuit; the method can accurately sample and monitor the voltage value of each module no matter how many photovoltaic cell modules are connected in series, can be used for photovoltaic cell modules with various peak voltage parameters, and has the advantages of small sampling current, low power consumption and almost no influence on the operation efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station; by adopting the differential circuit, the cost is lower, the sampling is more stable and accurate, and the reliability is better.
7. The photovoltaic cell module monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claims 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, wherein: the Keil software is adopted to write in a control chip of a lower computer, namely, the running state of each photovoltaic cell assembly is accurately monitored by adopting a chip-level bottom layer programming technology, and an upper computer is compiled by adopting a C # object-oriented programming language and is manufactured into a remote monitoring platform; and synchronously displaying the running state of each photovoltaic cell assembly on the acquisition terminal system and the remote monitoring platform, and alarming the photovoltaic cell assembly with abnormal working state in real time.
8. An acquisition terminal system for a photovoltaic cell module monitoring system; the method is characterized in that: the method monitors and collects signals by grouping photovoltaic panels, namely the method comprises the steps of data collection and signal display of 2 or more solar panels; the implementation mode is that all photovoltaic cell assemblies in a photovoltaic power station are grouped, each group comprises more than 2 photovoltaic cell assemblies, and each group of photovoltaic cell assemblies is respectively connected with 1 lower computer control panel.
9. The acquisition terminal system for the photovoltaic cell module monitoring system according to claim 8, wherein: each lower computer control board comprises a power supply module, a sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processing module and a digital display module; each sampling end of each sampling module is respectively connected with each photovoltaic cell assembly of the group, and the signal output of each sampling module is connected with the signal processing module through the analog-to-digital conversion module and is sent to the digital display module for display after being processed by the signal processing module.
10. A power module for a photovoltaic cell module monitoring system, characterized by: the power module adopts an emitter follower and a broadband input dcdc conversion module, and comprises a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode, a DC/DC chip set, and a capacitor and a resistor which are matched with the triode and the DC/DC chip set; the emitter follower is composed of a voltage regulator tube D1, a triode and a proper resistor to form a first-stage voltage regulator source, so that a voltage-stabilized direct current signal is obtained and is transmitted to a filter voltage regulator formed by a DC/DC chip set and a capacitor in a matching way to generate a stable direct current for a relevant module to work and use; the photovoltaic module directly utilizes the power supply provided by the power generation of the photovoltaic module, does not need an external extra power supply, and stably and efficiently solves the power supply problem of the module, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost.
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