CN105915398B - Rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power restoration system and concentrator detection method thereof - Google Patents
Rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power restoration system and concentrator detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105915398B CN105915398B CN201610465628.8A CN201610465628A CN105915398B CN 105915398 B CN105915398 B CN 105915398B CN 201610465628 A CN201610465628 A CN 201610465628A CN 105915398 B CN105915398 B CN 105915398B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0631—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0677—Localisation of faults
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
Abstract
The invention relates to a rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power restoration system and a concentrator detection method thereof, comprising a metering automation system, a communication interface, a terminal, an alarm module, a low-voltage comprehensive application management system and a low-voltage comprehensive application management system, wherein the processed data originate from the metering automation system and the marketing management system; the terminal comprises a distribution transformer monitoring terminal, a concentrator and a metering unit cluster, wherein the minimum detection voltage of a voltage detection module of the concentrator is 10V; the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator are respectively provided with a wireless communication module which is communicated with the metering automation system and periodically communicate data with the metering automation system, the heartbeat period of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is 15 minutes, and the heartbeat period of the concentrator is 5 minutes. The invention shortens the data interaction period of the concentrator and the ammeter by upgrading the software in the existing concentrator and perfecting the interface of the metering automation system, subdivides the alarming precision into four types, is beneficial to dispatching different maintenance personnel, and realizes active quick rush repair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power information communication, in particular to a rural power grid fault rapid detection and re-electricity based system, and belongs to the technical field of power equipment.
Background
The low-voltage distribution network generally refers to a power line general term from a low-voltage side (rated voltage is 400 v) main circuit switch of a distribution transformer to an electric energy metering device of an electric customer, and is the part of the power network with the lowest voltage level, the most huge number, the worst running environment and the most direct connection with resident electricity.
In the conventional rural power grid low-voltage power supply and electric power rush-repair tasks, for an unplanned power failure event, the user must report the power failure event through a 95598 telephone before rush-repair is performed according to the row, and the telephone report and the re-arrangement of the intermediate links of the rush-repair process are excessive, so that a power supply office is in a passive situation, and the uncertainty of the user and 95598 customer service on fault judgment leads to repeated dispatching of the fault rush-repair, so that lower customer satisfaction is caused.
The metering automation system is a system for collecting, processing and monitoring the electricity consumption of the power consumer, integrates the modern digital communication technology, the computer software and hardware technology and the electric energy metering technology, and can collect and analyze comprehensive information on the electricity consumption demand side. The data communication between the system computer main station and the site metering terminal is realized by using a public mobile communication network and an electric power special communication network as main communication carriers, using a mobile wireless and optical fiber network as auxiliary communication carriers and adopting various communication modes.
The unified platform of the metering automation system collects various data such as private, public and low-voltage users, and the like, and can provide very important data and basis for monitoring, electricity inspection, electric energy quality monitoring, load management, line loss management and demand side management decision of a power grid besides meeting the requirement of automatic meter reading.
The existing metering automation system and low-pressure centralized meter reading system have the following defects:
the metering automation system provides a communication channel between the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the management platform by utilizing an intelligent wireless network, and monitors and data acquires the low-voltage distribution transformer of the urban or rural power network. Through the installation of distribution transformer monitoring terminals, although the voltage and the current of a distribution transformer area can be collected at a main station of a metering automation system to monitor the power consumption condition of distribution transformer, the current distribution transformer monitoring terminals interact with the main station once every 15 minutes, the distribution transformer monitoring terminals can automatically generate alarm events to inform the metering automation system when a distribution transformer fails, and the current metering automation system can count the power failure event data of the distribution transformer area according to the alarm events uploaded by the distribution transformer monitoring terminals and through subsequent analysis.
The low-voltage centralized meter reading system is an automatic electric energy metering management system integrating the data acquisition, transmission and processing of the electric energy meter of the low-voltage distribution network by adopting communication technologies such as a low-voltage spread spectrum carrier and an RS485 bus and computer application technologies. The system is mainly used for analyzing and mastering electricity utilization information such as perfect automatic remote meter reading, monitoring of working conditions of metering equipment and the like of the user electric energy meter connected into the system, and providing high-quality electric quantity, electric power data and the like for the system, so that basis is provided for data analysis business such as other electric quantity analysis and the like. Urban residential users have centralized metering electric energy meters, can meter by using electronic electric energy meters with 485 communication, and the centralized meter reading device performs data acquisition on the electric energy meters through RS485 communication lines. For villages and towns with scattered living, the carrier electric energy meter is needed to meter users, and the concentrator collects carrier electric energy meter data through the power line. The master station collects the data of the concentrator through communication technologies such as GPRS wireless network, CATV and the like, so as to achieve the purpose of meter reading.
The existing concentrator is in online connection with the metering automation system at intervals of 15 minutes, once the metering automation system finds that the heartbeat frame of the concentrator is not received after two periods, the concentrator is automatically called to detect the channel condition, and if the metering automation system detects that the channel cannot be used, the corresponding concentrator can be judged to be disconnected. However, the metering automation system does not store the data, but only temporarily stores the data in the memory of the server. The metering automation system can count the online time length and the offline time length of the concentrator by counting the number of heartbeat frames received by the concentrator on the previous day.
Because of the limitation of the internal software of the concentrator, the existing concentrator temporarily does not have the terminal alarm functions such as power-off and the like. Due to the characteristics of low-voltage carrier technology channel sharing, the complexity of the low-voltage distribution network structure and the time variability of the load, in the standing book of the low-voltage station area, the district standing book mode is a 'concentrator-collector-ammeter', and the rural standing book mode is a 'concentrator-ammeter'. So the current transformer area does not divide the electricity meter in the form of branch lines or electricity meter boxes in the lower account information.
In the data interaction between the metering automation system and the concentrator, the data which do not belong to the specification range cannot be interacted. For example, the metering automation system can label the key user electricity meters when the electricity meter files are downloaded to the concentrator through upgrading, but the metering automation system cannot download electricity meter file data of 'measuring electricity meter group' which is not in a specification range to the concentrator.
The branch lines below the existing rural power grid area have no related power failure warning equipment. The current metering automation system can timely collect the power failure warning event of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal, but the warning of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal can only be used as reference data of the power failure of the whole low-voltage station area. The data of the branch line part below the current metering automation system is mainly used for centralized meter reading, and the requirement of the centralized meter reading on real-time acquisition is low, so that the fault analysis of the current metering automation system on the electric meter is only carried out after the centralized meter reading data is transmitted back to the server side, and due to the hysteresis of the data analysis (once-a-day acquisition of the electric meter data), all the low-voltage lines can not be warned by only adopting the centralized meter reading data to reach the time effect required by the project.
The problem of power failure warning of lines and equipment below the transformer area cannot be realized by a method of only modifying a program of a server side (such as shortening the data interaction period of a metering automation system, a terminal and an ammeter). If the power failure warning of the lines and the equipment below the transformer area is to be realized, the original assumption is that the periodic online judgment of the ammeter is realized by shortening the period of collecting ammeter data by the metering automation system at the server side. However, even if the collection period is shortened only for a part of the electric meters on the branch line below the transformer area, for example, the collection period is shortened to 15 minutes, because the collection period is shortened, a large amount of data flow cost is generated between the concentrator and the main station, and the stability of the centralized meter reading of the existing metering automation system is interfered, the power failure warning of the line and the equipment below the transformer area is not advisable to be realized by a method of only modifying the program of the server side.
Disclosure of Invention
The method solves the problem of automatic power failure alarm of low-voltage power lines, equipment and related facilities, and provides guarantee for reliable operation of low-voltage power. According to the invention, by modeling the low-voltage rural power grid area, utilizing the real-time power-off event of the acquisition distribution transformer monitoring terminal, the heartbeat period of the concentrator is shortened, the heartbeat data of the concentrator is acquired, the real-time power-off alarm and meter reading failure alarm event of the concentrator is acquired, and the comprehensive analysis is performed by combining the planned power failure information, the user file information and the area account information of the marketing management system, so that the aims of rapidly and gradually positioning the power failure of the ammeter, the power failure of the measurement ammeter group, the fault of the concentrator and the integral power failure of the area after the power failure fault of the low-voltage power grid line occurs are realized. And the passive first-aid repair is changed into active first-aid repair. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
based on rural electric wire netting trouble short-term test and compound electric system, including at least measurement automation system and its and low pressure comprehensive application management system, marketing management system's communication interface and terminal, its characterized in that:
the detection and power-on system also comprises an alarm module for power failure, power-on failure and meter reading failure of the terminal, the processed data is sourced from a metering automation system and a marketing management system, and the processed data is fed back to a low-voltage comprehensive application management system;
the terminal comprises a distribution transformer monitoring terminal, a concentrator and a metering unit group, wherein the minimum detection voltage of a voltage detection module of the concentrator is 10V; the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator can be provided with communication modules such as GPRS and the like;
the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator are respectively provided with a wireless communication module which is communicated with the metering automation system and periodically communicate data with the metering automation system, the heartbeat period of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is 15 minutes, and the heartbeat period of the concentrator is 5 minutes.
The rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power recovery system is a subsystem of a low-voltage comprehensive application management system, processed data is sourced from a metering automation system and a marketing management system, the processed data is fed back to the low-voltage comprehensive application management system, and the metering automation system is a system for collecting, processing and terminal monitoring power utilization information of power users and is a functional system for realizing automatic collection, abnormal metering monitoring, power quality monitoring, power utilization analysis, management and the like of the power utilization information; the marketing management system is a comprehensive information system for carrying out electronic management on electric power marketing work and mainly comprises functions of business expansion installation management, customer file management, electric charge accounting management, electric charge charging management, electric energy metering management, safety electricity utilization and electricity utilization inspection, line loss and electricity balance management, customer service and the like. The low-voltage comprehensive application management system is a comprehensive management system for all conventional services with low voltage below 400V. The system comprises the functions of low-voltage inspection management, low-voltage meter reading and checking management, low-voltage line loss management, low-voltage inspection management, low-voltage metering automatic management, team management and the like.
The detection and power-on system is provided with an alarm module for power failure, power-on failure and meter reading failure of the terminal, the data of the alarm module is sourced from the terminal, and the data is collected in the metering automation system.
In order to perfect the technical scheme, the following technical characteristics can be further added:
the concentrator is an I-type concentrator, the metering unit is a carrier electric energy meter, the carrier electric energy meter is arranged in a unit electric energy meter box and is electrically connected with the I-type concentrator through a power line to perform data interaction, and the number of metering unit groups is less than 1024 bits. The number of metering units is typically less than 400. For a more decentralized area of rural power grid users, the maximum 1024-bit ammeter is hung under the I-type concentrator, the actual installation is generally 200-300 bits, but even then, the detection of all the electric energy meters once through the power line carrier technology of the voltage is also time-consuming for 2-3 hours, and the I-type concentrator is adopted to use the existing electric energy meters as improvement of the existing equipment, so that the improvement cost is low.
The technical scheme can be further optimized as follows:
the concentrator is an I-type concentrator, the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is installed in a multi-bit electric energy meter box in a concentrated mode, then the RS-485 electric energy meter is electrically connected with a carrier wave collector through an RS-485 cable and performs data interaction, the I-type concentrator is electrically connected with the carrier wave collector, the carrier wave collector performs data interaction on collected data with the I-type concentrator in a power carrier wave mode, and the number of the metering unit groups is smaller than 32 bits. The rural power grid user concentrated area, such as a district environment, can adopt the transformation scheme.
Another optimization technique may also be used as follows:
the concentrator is a type II concentrator, the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is arranged in a multi-position electric energy meter box in a concentrated mode, then the RS-485 electric energy meter is electrically connected with the type II concentrator through an RS-485 cable and performs data interaction, and the number of the metering unit groups is less than or equal to 32. The 32-bit electric energy meter is maximally installed to the II-type concentrator, because the RS485 line interaction mode is very good in timeliness, and the II-type concentrator is provided with the GPRS module, the data of the electric energy meter in the electric meter box in one time is collected for only 1-2 minutes, the timeliness is high, and therefore the II-type concentrator can narrow the fault judging range to a single electric meter.
Therefore, for the aggregated users such as cells, the measurement ammeter group is a subordinate ammeter group taking a carrier wave collector or a type II concentrator as a collection unit; for a region where users are scattered in a village, the measurement ammeter group is an important user ammeter group selected for monitoring faults of a main line of a transformer, 4-6 important user ammeter (at least 3 ammeter are used as standby) are respectively taken as measurement important user ammeter (users with relatively large power load and relatively easy observation of ammeter reading are preferentially selected) of the main line from the front section, the middle section and the tail section of the main line, so that the topological network structure of data reading after setting is optimized, the reading quantity is reduced, the monitoring time is shortened, and the fault range can be accurately determined.
The basis of the power failure of the terminal is unreliable by taking the power grid voltage of less than 60% of the rated voltage. Because of the characteristic of large voltage fluctuation of the rural power grid, the instantaneous voltage of the line is far lower than the starting voltage by 60 percent and can be reduced to 90V or below. Therefore, the threshold value of the power failure event generated by the concentrator is modified to be 10V, and whether the last power failure event of the concentrator is the power failure event is judged before the power failure event is generated by the concentrator, so that the generation of multiple power failure events is avoided. In a practical environment, there may be a case that only the phase line is disconnected, and in this case, the concentrator can still detect weak voltage (typically less than 10V), so the default minimum detection voltage of the concentrator voltage detection module is 10V.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps:
the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is a comprehensive monitoring terminal of a public distribution transformer, realizes public transformer side electric energy information acquisition, comprises electric energy data acquisition, distribution transformer running state monitoring, power supply electric energy quality monitoring, and realizes management and remote transmission of acquired data, and can integrate functions of metering, transformer area voltage assessment and the like.
The I-type concentrator takes a transformer station area as a unit, collects, stores and controls information of various carrier metering units and carrier collectors in the station area through a low-voltage network channel or a wireless channel, and exchanges data with a metering automation system through a remote public channel;
the type II concentrator is a device for collecting, storing and controlling information of various RS-485 metering units through an RS-485 cable and exchanging data with a metering automation system through a remote public channel.
The metering unit is an electric energy meter and is divided into a carrier electric energy meter and an RS-485 electric energy meter.
The metering automation system comprises an automatic acquisition function module, a metering abnormality monitoring function module, a power quality monitoring function module, a power consumption analysis function module and a management function module.
The physical positions of the alarm module are respectively located in a computer server, a communication channel, a concentrator, a distribution transformer monitoring terminal and a metering unit of the metering automation system.
And the distribution transformer monitoring terminal power failure and power-on alarm frame data, the concentrator heartbeat cycle frame data, the concentrator power failure and power-on alarm frame data and the concentrator meter reading failure alarm frame data are reported to the metering automation system.
The metering automation system also comprises an interface server, a front acquisition server, a firewall and a router.
The concentrator detection method based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and duplicate system comprises the following steps:
the concentrator is a type II concentrator;
a. based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and a power recovery system, recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. the concentrator belongs to an electric energy meter to form a measuring electric energy meter group, and alarm logic is as follows: the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is equal to 10V, and generates a self-power failure event to automatically report to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-on event, the concentrator generates a self power-on event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. after the concentrator works normally, the data interaction condition of the subordinate electric energy meter is detected by taking 3 minutes as a period, the interaction condition of the concentrator and the electric energy meter is counted once every 3 periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and failed data interaction exists, the concentrator generates a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N and automatically reports the meter reading failure event to the metering automation system.
The other concentrator detection method based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system comprises the following steps:
the concentrator is an I-type concentrator;
a. taking a plurality of key users on each main line of the power grid to form a measurement electric energy meter group, and recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group based on a rural power grid fault rapid detection and re-electricity system;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is 10 volts, the concentrator generates a power failure alarm event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-off event, the concentrator generates a power-on warning event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. sequentially detecting the data interaction condition of the electric energy meter of the key user by taking 5 minutes as a period after the concentrator works normally; and counting interaction conditions of the concentrator and the electric energy meter once every 3 detection periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and data interaction failure exists, automatically reporting a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N to a metering automation system by the concentrator.
The system optimizes the network structure of the low-voltage power grid by upgrading the software in the existing concentrators and perfecting the interfaces of the metering automation system, reduces the number of electric energy meters in charge of each concentrator, shortens the data interaction period of the concentrators and the electric energy meters, and increases the alarm mechanism in the concentrators, so that the metering automation system can timely collect the alarm and heartbeat information (information in the communication period) actively uploaded by the concentrators and the alarm information of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal to forward to the low-voltage comprehensive application management system, and the system combines the forwarding information from the metering automation system, the GPS information of equipment, the planned power failure and other information to carry out comprehensive analysis of alarm, and can divide the alarm precision into: an ammeter outage alarm, a measurement ammeter group outage alarm, a concentrator fault alarm and a station outage alarm. And then drive the quick rush repair of low-voltage fault, make the power failure rush repair can realize from the apparatus to the branch office, and then to the seamless connection of rush repair personnel and user, the warning result of refining is favorable to sending out different maintainers, make initiative quick rush repair become reality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a network architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an application architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a terminal to meter connection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a group model of a measurement ammeter according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a logic flow diagram of alarm analysis for a type II concentrator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a logic flow diagram of alarm analysis for a type I concentrator of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the rural power grid fault based rapid detection and return system fault alarm analysis of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of cross-system alarm determination and processing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means and functional effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the system of the present invention may employ the following network architecture:
the rural power grid fault based rapid detection and re-electricity system at least comprises a metering automation system, a communication interface between the metering automation system and a low-voltage comprehensive application management system and a communication interface between the metering automation system and a marketing management system, and a terminal, wherein the detection and re-electricity system also comprises an alarm module for power failure, power-up and meter reading failure of the terminal, the processed data is sourced from the metering automation system and the marketing management system, and the processed data is fed back to the low-voltage comprehensive application management system; the terminal comprises a distribution transformer monitoring terminal, a concentrator and a metering unit group, wherein the minimum detection voltage of a voltage detection module of the concentrator is 10V, and the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator can be provided with communication modules such as GPRS; the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator are respectively provided with a wireless communication module which is communicated with the metering automation system and periodically communicate data with the metering automation system, the heartbeat period of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is equal to 15 minutes, and the heartbeat period of the concentrator is equal to 5 minutes. The physical connection between the concentrator and the electric energy meter can adopt the following 3 connection modes according to specific environments: A. the concentrator is an I-type concentrator, the metering unit is a carrier electric energy meter, and the carrier electric energy meter is arranged in the unit electric energy meter box and is electrically connected with the I-type concentrator through a power line to perform data interaction. B. The concentrator is an I-type concentrator, the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is installed in a multi-position electric energy meter box in a concentrated mode, and then the RS-485 electric energy meter is electrically connected with the carrier wave collector through an RS-485 cable and performs data interaction, the I-type concentrator is electrically connected with the carrier wave collector, and the carrier wave collector performs data interaction on collected data with the I-type concentrator in a power carrier wave mode. C. The concentrator is a II-type concentrator, the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is installed in a multi-position electric energy meter box in a concentrated mode, then the RS-485 electric energy meter is electrically connected with the II-type concentrator through an RS-485 cable and performs data interaction, and the number of the metering unit groups is smaller than or equal to 32. The physical positions of the alarm module are respectively located in a computer server, a communication channel, a concentrator, a distribution transformer monitoring terminal and a metering unit of the metering automation system. The metering automation system also comprises an interface server, a preposed acquisition server, a firewall and a router, and an automatic acquisition, metering abnormality monitoring, electric energy quality monitoring, electricity analysis and management functional module. The distribution transformer monitoring terminal has power failure and power-on alarm frame data, concentrator heartbeat period frame data, concentrator power failure and power-on alarm frame data and concentrator meter reading failure alarm frame data and reports the data to the metering automation system.
When the system works, the metering automation system analyzes alarm data uploaded by the terminal and heartbeat data of the concentrator in real time through the interface and then forwards the analyzed data to the low-voltage comprehensive application management system; the marketing management system periodically pushes the data such as the platform account data, the user data, the planned outage and the like to an intermediate library of the low-voltage comprehensive application management system.
As shown in fig. 2, the application architecture of the present invention is schematically illustrated:
(1) Expression layer: the unified business application operation interface and the information display window are provided, and the system is directly oriented to the operation user.
(2) Application layer: the specific business logic is realized, and the system is a core layer of a system main station.
(3) Service layer: the system provides global general service, security service and other component service support, realizes the special service logic service of the system and provides general technical support for a service layer.
(4) Data layer: the storage, access and arrangement of mass information are realized, and the management support of data is provided for the system. The data layer is realized by a large relational database.
As shown in fig. 3, the connection between the station terminal and the electricity meter is as follows:
the public transformer under the transformer area is monitored by the distribution transformer monitoring terminal, the I-type concentrator is generally installed near the distribution transformer monitoring terminal, the I-type concentrator is responsible for data acquisition and forwarding of carrier metering equipment (carrier electric energy meter) under the transformer area, the II-type concentrator is generally installed near an ammeter box of the cell, and the II-type concentrator is responsible for data acquisition and forwarding of RS485 metering equipment of the cell. The distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator can perform data interaction with the metering automation system through the GPRS module. One bay may have either only type I concentrators or only type II concentrators, or a mix of both devices.
As shown in fig. 4, the region model is as follows from large to small: station area, measurement ammeter crowd, ammeter. The first mode is to centrally manage the electric meters by adopting an electric meter box, the electric meters are uniformly managed by installing a II-type concentrator in the electric meter box through an RS485 line, the electric meters managed by the II-type concentrator are combined into a measurement electric meter group, and the rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power recovery system can analyze the power failure alarm of the electric meters, the power failure alarm of the measurement electric meter group or the fault alarm of the II-type concentrator by acquiring real-time alarm data of the II-type concentrator; the second is to the comparatively scattered situation of user, the scattered ammeter is managed through an I type concentrator in a unified way, 1-3 ammeter is taken as the key user ammeter respectively in the front, middle, last section of each trunk line, the selected key user ammeter on this trunk line is unified to merge into a measurement ammeter group, based on rural electric network fault fast detection and the multiple electricity system can analyze the measurement ammeter group power failure warning through obtaining the real-time meter reading failure warning data of I type concentrator. For the whole area, the power failure warning of the whole area is analyzed by acquiring real-time warning data of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the subordinate concentrator based on the rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system.
As shown in FIG. 5, a concentrator detection method based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system
The concentrator is a type II concentrator;
a. based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and a power recovery system, recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. the concentrator belongs to an electric energy meter to form a measuring electric energy meter group, and alarm logic is as follows: the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is equal to 10V, and generates a self-power failure event to automatically report to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-on event, the concentrator generates a self power-on event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. after the concentrator works normally, the data interaction condition of the subordinate electric energy meter is detected by taking 3 minutes as a period, the interaction condition of the concentrator and the electric energy meter is counted once every 3 periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and failed data interaction exists, the concentrator generates a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N and automatically reports the meter reading failure event to the metering automation system.
As shown in fig. 6, another concentrator detection method based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system comprises the following steps:
the concentrator is an I-type concentrator;
a. taking a plurality of key users on each main line of the power grid to form a measurement electric energy meter group, and recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group based on a rural power grid fault rapid detection and re-electricity system;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is 10 volts, the concentrator generates a power failure alarm event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-off event, the concentrator generates a power-on warning event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. sequentially detecting the data interaction condition of the electric energy meter of the key user by taking 5 minutes as a period after the concentrator works normally; and counting interaction conditions of the concentrator and the electric energy meter once every 3 detection periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and data interaction failure exists, automatically reporting a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N to a metering automation system by the concentrator.
As shown in fig. 7, the rural power grid fault based rapid detection and complex electricity system comprehensive analysis is as follows.
For a measurement ammeter group adopting an I-type concentrator, the same ammeter with meter reading failure alarming exceeding 20 times in one day is deleted from the archives of key users of a platform area (key user meters are restored into common user ammeter) based on the rural power grid failure rapid detection and electricity recovery system, and other ammeter (a plurality of standby key user ammeter which are established when the measurement ammeter group is established) is set as the key user ammeter (after the archives are transmitted to a metering automation system, the metering automation system automatically transmits the key user ammeter to the concentrator).
Because of the interference of signal delay and the like, the alarm data of the same area are not necessarily transmitted to a rural power grid fault based rapid detection and power restoration system at the same time. Based on the rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system, each piece of received alarm data exists in a cache pool based on the rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system, the alarm data in the cache pool are compared with the alarm data of the same area every 5 minutes (the alarm data in the cache pool are cleared every 5 minutes), and finally the analysis is carried out according to the following definition (the analysis is carried out by combining other events with a knowledge base), wherein the alarm data and the judgment result are shown in the following table:
and the alarm principle of the concentrator is used for carrying out alarm judgment according to the requirements of the protocol. In combination with the early investigation of the distribution transformer monitoring and metering system, the interference of the terminal alarm information can be treated as follows:
the power failure judgment of the measurement electric energy meter group periodically detects the communication condition of the electric meters in the measurement electric energy meter group according to the power failure event of the type II concentrator or the type I concentrator. Because of the instability of carrier communication, the following redundancy analysis is available to avoid erroneous judgment due to the unstable characteristics of the carrier signal.
1. For the power failure event of the concentrator, the power failure alarm triggering threshold value of the concentrator is changed from the original external alternating voltage lower than 60% Un to the external alternating voltage equal to 10V, so that false alarm caused by power grid voltage fluctuation is avoided.
2. For the concentrator, the concentrator can not collect data for three continuous detection periods of the ammeter to generate a corresponding ammeter reading failure event, so that false alarm caused by communication problems is avoided.
3. Based on rural electric network fault quick detection and power restoration system, another key user ammeter is selected to replace the key user ammeter which conveys 20 meter reading failure events in one day of the I-type concentrator (the ammeter is automatically issued with an identification through a metering automation system and is marked to be a common user or a key user), so that false alarm caused by unstable carrier communication is avoided.
4. For a measurement ammeter group under the I-type concentrator, in the judgment logic based on the rural power grid fault rapid detection and the power recovery system, the power failure of the measurement ammeter group is judged under the condition that all key user ammeter in the measurement ammeter group have meter reading failure events, so that false alarm caused by unstable carrier communication is avoided.
5. For the power failure of the whole station area, the power failure event of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal needs to be met, and the power failure event of 85% of concentrators exists in the station area, so that false alarm caused by damage of individual concentrators and other factors is avoided.
FIG. 8 is a cross-system data interaction diagram of each system, which includes the following steps:
A. and the rural power grid fault based rapid detection and re-electricity system transmits the terminal to be monitored and the key user file to the metering automation system through an interface.
B. And the metering automation system monitors the corresponding terminal according to the received file and updates the key user file in the I-type concentrator.
C. And the metering automation system analyzes the alarm data and the heartbeat data uploaded by the corresponding terminal and forwards the analyzed alarm data and the heartbeat data to the rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system.
D. The marketing management system periodically pushes the planned outage information, the district file information, the terminal file information, the user file information, the ammeter file information and the rush repair personnel file information of the corresponding district to an intermediate database of the low-voltage comprehensive application management system.
E. Based on rural power grid fault quick detection and power restoration system, intelligent alarm judgment is carried out by combining alarm information and intermediate library data, and an emergency repair work order is generated, wherein the work order comprises fault types and fault positions.
F. The low-voltage comprehensive application management system sends the generated emergency repair work order to the on-duty emergency repair staff for fault emergency repair and quick power restoration operation in a short message and APP pushing mode.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Based on rural electric wire netting trouble short-term test and compound electric system, at least including measurement automation system and its and low pressure comprehensive application management system's communication interface and terminal, its characterized in that:
the detection and re-electricity system also comprises an alarm module for power failure, power-on failure and meter reading failure of the terminal;
the terminal comprises a distribution transformer monitoring terminal, a concentrator and a metering unit group, wherein the minimum detection voltage of a voltage detection module of the concentrator is 10V;
the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator are provided with wireless communication modules which are communicated with the metering automation system;
the distribution transformer monitoring terminal and the concentrator periodically communicate with the metering automation system, the heartbeat period of the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is 15 minutes, and the heartbeat period of the concentrator is 5 minutes;
the concentrator is an I-type concentrator, the metering unit is a carrier electric energy meter which is arranged in a unit electric energy meter box and is electrically connected with the I-type concentrator through a power line for data interaction, the number of the metering unit groups is less than 1024 bits, or the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is arranged in the multi-position electric energy meter box in a concentrated manner, then is electrically connected with the carrier wave collector through an RS-485 cable and performs data interaction, the I-type concentrator is electrically connected with the carrier wave collector, the carrier wave collector performs data interaction on collected data with the I-type concentrator in a power carrier wave mode, the number of metering unit groups is less than 32, and the concentrator detection method based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and power recovery system comprises the following steps:
a. taking a plurality of key users on each main line of the power grid to form a measurement electric energy meter group, and recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group based on a rural power grid fault rapid detection and re-electricity system;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is 10 volts, the concentrator generates a power failure alarm event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-off event, the concentrator generates a power-on warning event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. sequentially detecting the data interaction condition of the electric energy meter of the key user by taking 5 minutes as a period after the concentrator works normally; counting interaction conditions of the concentrator and the electric energy meter once every 3 detection periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and data interaction failure exists, automatically reporting a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N to a metering automation system by the concentrator;
or the concentrator is a II-type concentrator, the metering unit is an RS-485 electric energy meter, the RS-485 electric energy meter is arranged in a multi-position electric energy meter box in a concentrated mode, then the RS-485 electric energy meter is electrically connected with the II-type concentrator through an RS-485 cable and carries out data interaction, the number of the metering unit groups is less than 32, and the concentrator detection method based on a rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system comprises the following steps:
a. based on rural power grid fault rapid detection and a power recovery system, recording GPS position information of the electric energy meter group;
b. the heart cycle of the concentrator was set to 5 minutes;
c. the concentrator belongs to an electric energy meter to form a measuring electric energy meter group, and alarm logic is as follows: the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is equal to 10V, and generates a self-power failure event to automatically report to the metering automation system; when the concentrator detects that the external alternating voltage is more than 60% of rated voltage (normal working voltage of the concentrator) and the last power-off event is a power-on event, the concentrator generates a self power-on event and automatically reports the event to the metering automation system;
d. after the concentrator works normally, the data interaction condition of the subordinate electric energy meter is detected by taking 3 minutes as a period, the interaction condition of the concentrator and the electric energy meter is counted once every 3 periods, and if the electric energy meter N with continuous 3 periods and failed data interaction exists, the concentrator generates a meter reading failure event containing the electric energy meter N and automatically reports the meter reading failure event to the metering automation system.
2. The rural power grid fault rapid detection and re-electricity system according to claim 1, wherein the metering automation system comprises an automatic acquisition, metering abnormality monitoring, electric energy quality monitoring, electricity analysis and management functional module.
3. The rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system according to claim 2, wherein the physical positions of the alarm modules are respectively located in a computer server, a communication channel, a concentrator, a distribution transformer monitoring terminal and a metering unit of the metering automation system.
4. The rural power grid fault rapid detection and power restoration system according to claim 3, wherein the distribution transformer monitoring terminal is characterized in that power failure and power-on alarm frame data, concentrator heartbeat period frame data, concentrator power failure and power-on alarm frame data and concentrator meter reading failure alarm frame data are reported to the metering automation system.
5. The rural power grid fault based rapid detection and re-electricity system according to claim 3, wherein the metering automation system further comprises an interface server, a front-end acquisition server, a firewall and a router.
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