CN114366859A - Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device - Google Patents

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114366859A
CN114366859A CN202111280005.0A CN202111280005A CN114366859A CN 114366859 A CN114366859 A CN 114366859A CN 202111280005 A CN202111280005 A CN 202111280005A CN 114366859 A CN114366859 A CN 114366859A
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temperature
fluid
drainage
catheter
temperature sensor
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齐猛
王宁
徐跃峤
程玮涛
俞洁
陈文劲
曲鑫
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Xuanwu Hospital
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Xuanwu Hospital
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • A61M27/002—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
    • A61M27/006—Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/369—Temperature treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/18—General characteristics of the apparatus with alarm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature

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Abstract

The invention relates to a cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device, at least comprising a drainage catheter which is inserted into a ventricle to drain cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricle to the outside, a temperature sensor for detecting temperature and a data analysis module for analyzing temperature data; the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the drainage catheter to detect the temperature of the outer wall of the drainage catheter; the data analysis module calculates a temperature of the drainage fluid within the drainage catheter based on the sensed values of the temperature sensor and thermodynamic properties of the catheter, the fluid, and the surrounding environment. The data analysis module calculates the temperature in the ventricle based on the calculated temperature of the drainage fluid, thermodynamic properties of the environment and distance information from the ventricle to the temperature detection point. The invention can monitor the ventricular temperature in the drainage process, alarm the abnormal temperature and assist in low-temperature treatment.

Description

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an automatic cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature monitoring device.
Background
The research shows that the hypothermia has the regulation effect on cerebral blood flow, and can reduce the cerebral oxygen metabolism rate, improve the energy metabolism of cells, reduce the release of excitatory amino acid, reduce the generation of oxygen free radicals, reduce the overload of calcium in the cells, increase the synthesis of neuron ubiquitin, reduce the necrosis and apoptosis of the neurons, promote the recovery of intercellular signal conduction, reduce the area of cerebral infarction, relieve cerebral edema, reduce intracranial pressure and the like. The research also finds that the low temperature has no influence on blood pressure, partial pressure of blood oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, blood PH value and blood sugar, and does not have pathological damage on heart, lung, kidney and small intestine of the experimental animal, which indicates that the low temperature does not increase the damage of other tissues and organs. The clinical sub-hypothermia therapy is mainly suitable for the diseases such as severe craniocerebral injury, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, recurrent encephalopathy, severe subarachnoid hemorrhage, central hyperpyrexia and the like. When a patient with severe brain injury receives whole-body low-temperature treatment, the temperature in the brain needs to be monitored, the brain temperature is maintained at about 33-35 ℃, the time, the speed and the like of cooling are observed and recorded at any time, whether the patient has shivering or not is noticed, and the preset temperature is adjusted at any time according to the cooling effect. The continuous monitoring of the body temperature during the sub-low temperature treatment period is the guarantee that the expected curative effect is achieved and the complications are reduced. Although intracerebral thermometry is a reliable method for monitoring the effect of hypothermia treatment, it is invasive, causes many complications, and is difficult to apply clinically.
For example, CN113144394A discloses an intracranial parameter monitoring, comprising: drainage tube body, guide wire, temperature/pressure detection device, biochemical parameter detection device, wherein, the drainage tube body includes: the drainage cavity is provided with a drainage hole, so that after the drainage tube body is inserted into the ventricle, cerebrospinal fluid flows into the drainage cavity through the drainage hole; the guide wire cavity is arranged at the front end of the drainage tube body, and a guide wire is arranged in the guide wire cavity; a first detection chamber; the temperature/pressure detection device is arranged in the first detection cavity and is used for detecting intracranial pressure ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure CPP and intracranial temperature ICT; the biochemical parameter detection device is arranged in the drainage tube body and is used for detecting the biochemical parameters of cerebrospinal fluid drained into the drainage cavity. The device can realize cerebrospinal fluid drainage and realize real-time synchronous monitoring of multiple biochemical parameters of cerebrospinal fluid, intracranial pressure ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure CPP and intracranial temperature ICT. Wherein, the thermistor and the pressure wafer of the temperature and pressure detection device arranged in the first detection cavity are exposed on the outer wall of the drainage cavity and the outer wall of the drainage tube body. The first detection chamber that the pipe front end set up side by side, second detect the chamber and make the drainage chamber of pipe diminish, and the diameter of drainage diminishes for the device easily produces and blocks up and is difficult to the mediation. Moreover, the drainage catheter has high performance requirements, careful requirements on the manufacturing process, water resistance, embedding of data lines and the like, and the catheter needs a larger space to be placed in the ventricle, so that the probability of complications is increased.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a great deal of documents and patents in the process of making the present invention, the extent of which is not limited to the details and contents listed, it is by no means the present invention has all the features of the prior art but the present invention has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature monitoring device which at least comprises a drainage catheter, a temperature sensor and a data analysis module, wherein the drainage catheter is inserted into a brain ventricle to drain cerebrospinal fluid from the brain ventricle to the outside; the data analysis module calculates the temperature in the ventricle based on the calculated temperature of the drainage fluid, thermodynamic properties of the environment and distance information from the ventricle to the temperature detection point.
Such an arrangement is advantageous: (1) the operation is simplified. The sensor electrode for detecting the temperature of the brain room of the patient is not required to be arranged in the brain room of the patient, and only the tube arranging operation of the drainage catheter is required; the performance requirement of the temperature sensor for detecting the outer wall of the catheter is lower by a mode of calculating the temperature of the drainage fluid through the temperature of the outer wall of the detecting catheter and further calculating the temperature in the ventricle, meanwhile, a calculation model can be continuously corrected, and the calculation accuracy can be ensured. (2) The detection is simple. The process of detection can be carried out with the drainage in step, simplifies the device quantity, improves operating efficiency.
According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature T of the fluid in the guide ductmThe measurements were carried out as follows:
s1 detecting the temperature T of the outer wall of the drainage catheter1；
S2 detecting the reference temperature T of the surface of the drainage catheter at intervals0；
S3 determining the heat transfer properties, in particular the thermal resistance, of the boundary layer of the fluid at the inner wall of the flow guide as a function of the at least one value of the state variable of the fluid and the at least one material property;
s4 dependent on the heat transfer properties of the boundary layer, the heat transfer properties, in particular the thermal resistance, of the flow-guiding duct section, the temperature T of the flow-guiding duct section1And a reference temperature T0Determining the temperature T of the fluid2。
According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the fluid is calculated by:
Figure BDA0003329737110000031
where Cp is the heat capacity, q is the convective heat flow, m is the mass flow, and v is the volumetric flow.
This arrangement is advantageous: calculating the heat conduction property of the substance according to the flow speed or the heat transfer performance of the boundary layer and the like, and accurately calculating the heat dissipation consumption of the fluid; meanwhile, the environmental thermal resistance can be accurately calculated according to the reference temperature, so that the accuracy of fluid temperature calculation is ensured, and the environmental error is reduced.
According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature T of the outer wall of the drainage catheter1Detected by a first temperature sensor, the reference temperature T0The temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the guide pipe, the first temperature sensor is arranged close to the outer wall of the guide pipe, and the fourth temperature sensor and the first temperature sensor are arranged at a certain space distance in the same cross section of the guide pipe. The first sensor and the fourth sensor are arranged in the same cross-section plane of the drainage catheter, the temperature of the fluid in the cross section can be transmitted to the fourth temperature sensor, and the reference temperature can provide accurate comparison of the ambient temperature at the temperature detection point.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module further comprises the following correction method:
calculating the time when a certain section of fluid reaches each temperature detection point and the detection data of the temperature sensor of each temperature detection point when the section of fluid reaches each temperature detection point, calculating the self-property parameter of the section of fluid as the self-property of the section of fluid after correction based on the detection data of the temperature sensor of each temperature detection point, and recalculating the fluid temperature calculated by using the uncorrected original self-property of the section of fluid by using the corrected self-property of the section of fluid. Under the condition that the data volume is gradually increased, the slight difference between the real cerebrospinal fluid property of the patient and the preset cerebrospinal fluid property can be corrected through calculation of the self property of the multiple sections of fluids, and when the ventricular temperature of the patient is calculated later, the individualized cerebrospinal fluid property of the patient can be adopted for calculation, so that the calculation of the ventricular temperature can be closer to the real properties of different patients.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module incorporates a knossel number into the calculation of the temperature of the fluid.
According to a preferred embodiment, the medical temperature monitoring system further comprises an alarm module, wherein the alarm module can receive temperature monitoring data of temperature sensors of other body parts of a patient and a current medical procedure or an external body temperature control procedure to predict a subsequent body temperature change trend of the patient, compare the current body temperature change trend of the patient with the predicted subsequent body temperature change trend, and display and alarm in advance when the trends are not matched. The body temperature of the patient during low-temperature treatment and the axillary temperature and the anal temperature can be monitored in an auxiliary accuracy improving mode, and the alarm module can determine whether the calculation of the brain temperature data is accurate or not by receiving the temperature of the rest parts and comparing the temperature with the calculated brain temperature data; and through the external body temperature control program, the future change trend of the body temperature of the patient can be mastered, so that whether the change trend of the brain temperature of the patient is correct or not is determined when the temperature change occurs next time, and an alarm is given when the change trend of the brain temperature of the patient is not consistent.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module generates a third correlation curve of brain temperature and time based on the collected and calculated brain ventricle temperature; the alarm module generates a fourth correlation curve related to body temperature and time based on a preset body temperature control program, compares the trends and the numerical values of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve, gives a first prompt when the trends of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve do not correspond, gives a second prompt when the numerical values of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve do not correspond, and the weight of the first prompt is larger than that of the second prompt.
The alarm module can compare the calculated change relation between the ventricular temperature and the time with the difference between the change relation between the temperature and the time of the current preset body temperature control program, give different prompt messages according to different comparison results, give different weight prompt messages based on the harmfulness caused by the comparison results, accurately report the current difference condition, and facilitate doctors and nursing staff to read important information at the first time to adjust the medical program.
According to a preferred embodiment, the alarm module further comprises an intensity control unit for controlling the output intensity of the alarm signal, the output intensity of the intensity control unit being driven according to the frequency of the first prompt and the second prompt.
According to a preferred embodiment, the ventricular temperature is calculated by sensing the temperature of the outer wall of the drainage catheter and based on the thermal conductivity and thermal dissipation properties of the catheter and the thermal resistance information of the surrounding environment and the knoop coefficient of the fluid in combination with the distance of the temperature sensing point to the ventricle. Carry out the temperature detection of pipe and then calculate the ventricle temperature at the drainage in-process and need not additionally set up brain temperature detection device, can not occupy the liquid flow way and improve stifled pipe probability to data calculation model calculation numerical value is accurate, can carry out individualized calculation according to the difference of patient's cerebrospinal fluid nature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified overall schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the drainage catheter of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art drainage catheter.
List of reference numerals
3: a first drainage lumen; 7: a temperature-pressure detector; 100: a drainage catheter; 200: a liquid collector; 110: a first temperature sensor; 120: a second temperature sensor; 130: a third temperature sensor; 140: a fourth temperature sensor; 210: a pneumatic valve; 150: a fluid flow valve; 160: a blind end; 170: a distal end; 161: a drainage hole; 162: a pressure sensor; 163: and a data line.
Detailed Description
Example 1
This is described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2.
This embodiment provides a cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic checkout device, and it can automatic control carry out the cerebrospinal fluid drainage activity, and the automated inspection drainage velocity of flow to at the drainage velocity of flow with predetermine the drainage velocity of flow not corresponding under the condition at the control adjustment drainage velocity of flow. When cerebrospinal fluid drainage, cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic checkout device can also detect patient's brain temperature automatically to can carry out brain temperature automated inspection and need not put into the temperature detection electrode in patient's the ventricle again when carrying out cerebrospinal fluid drainage.
According to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus for cerebrospinal fluid drainage and automatic detection of brain temperature provided in this embodiment comprises a drainage catheter 100 for inserting into a ventricle of a patient to contact with cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricle for draining the cerebrospinal fluid to the outside of the body, a flow rate and pressure sensor 162 for detecting the state of fluid flow in the catheter, a temperature sensor disposed outside the outer wall of the catheter for detecting the temperature of the outer wall of the catheter, a data analysis module coupled to the first sensor and the second sensor and capable of receiving detection data sent by the sensors for performing a calculation analysis on the flow rate and temperature of the drainage fluid in the catheter, and a control module for controlling the state of fluid flow in the catheter.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a prior art drainage catheter 100, in which reference numeral 3 corresponds to a first drainage lumen, and in which reference numeral 7 corresponds to a temperature-pressure detector for detecting ventricular temperature and intracranial pressure. This prior art technique occupies the interior of the drainage catheter 100 with multiple detection lumens provided inside the catheter and compresses the shape and size of the drainage flow path, increasing the probability of tube blockage. As shown in FIG. 1, a drainage catheter 100 for performing intra-ventricular temperature sensing is provided, comprising at least a blind end 160 for insertion into a ventricle and a distal end 170 connected to a drainage fluid collector 200. Preferably, the drainage catheter 100 near the blind end 160 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 161, a sensor for detecting intracranial pressure of the patient is disposed in the blind end 160 of the drainage catheter 100, and the data line 163 is embedded in the wall of the drainage catheter 100 to reduce the squeezing of the drainage channel of the drainage catheter 100 and the obstruction of the flow of the liquid stream caused by the pressure sensor 162. Preferably, a first temperature sensor 110, a second temperature sensor 120 and a third temperature sensor 130 for detecting the temperature of the outer wall of the drainage catheter 100 are arranged at intervals close to the outer wall of the drainage catheter 100, and a reference temperature T for detecting is arranged in the same drainage section at a certain space distance from the first temperature sensor 1100Or a temperature sensor arranged in parallel with the temperature sensors on the outer wall of the other conduit at a certain spatial distance. Preferably, the first temperature sensor 110 is the temperature sensor closest to the blind end 160 of the drainage catheter 100, and the first temperature sensor 110 is positioned so that it will be positioned when the drainage catheter is in useWhen the blind end 160 of the tube 100 is inserted into a corresponding location in the ventricle of the patient, the first temperature sensor 110 is located outside the patient's body. The calculation of the fluid temperature and the brain ventricle temperature inside the drainage catheter 100 is performed by the detected values of the first temperature sensor 110, the second temperature sensor 120, the third temperature sensor 130, and the fourth temperature sensor 140. Preferably, the pneumatic valve 210 is disposed at an end of the drainage trap remote from the drainage catheter 100 so as to control the amount of drainage pressure in the drainage channel by externally controlling the degree of opening of the pneumatic valve 210. Preferably, a plurality of fluid flow valves 150 are spaced on the drainage catheter 100 to facilitate sensing of the flow rate of the drainage fluid in the drainage channel and the width of the drainage channel.
According to a preferred embodiment, the control module is based on the current intracranial pressure P0The pressure difference between the normal intracranial pressure and the normal intracranial pressure is calculated at a preset time T0Preset flow rate V required to reach normal intracranial pressureminAnd generates P0And the drainage velocity VminA first correlation curve of correlation. The control module is based on the actual intracranial pressure P in the cranium detected by pressure sensor 1621With the actual drainage velocity V detected by the flow rate sensor1A second correlation curve is generated. When the first correlation curve and the second correlation curve are different at the same time point, the control module updates the preset intracranial pressure P0In such a way that the first correlation curve is updated to update the preset drainage velocity Vmin. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic detection device automatically adjusts the drainage flow rate in such a way so as to adapt to the drainage process of a patient and ensure the safety of the drainage process.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device comprises a fluid flow valve 150 and an air pressure valve 210 connected to the control device for regulating the flow rate in the drainage flow channel, wherein in case the first and second correlation curves do not match at the same point in time, the control device regulates the width of the drainage flow channel by regulating the fluid flow valve 150, and regulates the pressure difference between the two ends of the drainage catheter 100 by regulating the air pressure valve 210, thereby regulating the drainage rate. Preferably, the adjustment range of the drainage flow rate is according to the doctorAnd calculating the range of the preset value input by the new terminal. The data analysis module calculates a predetermined time T based on the second correlation curve0A minimum drainage flow rate required to reduce the intracranial pressure of the patient to a normal value; data analysis module at T based on doctor input0The maximum drainage over time is calculated at T0The maximum drainage speed required in time, and the data analysis module according to the minimum drainage speed, the maximum drainage speed and the updated intracranial pressure P0Calculates the respective regulation ranges of the fluid valve 150 and the pneumatic valve 210 and sends the regulation range data to the control module in data connection therewith. The control module regulates the fluid valve 150 and the pneumatic valve 210 based on the received regulation range data to automatically control the drainage rate.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module receives the updated first correlation curve of the control module and the preset drainage flow rate V calculated according to the updated first correlation curvemin(ii) a And the data analysis module receives the actual flow velocity V detected by the flow velocity sensor that detects the flow velocity of drainage in the drainage catheter 1001And comparing the values of the preset drainage flow rate and the actual flow rate, and when the preset drainage flow rate V is detected for at least three timesminWith the actual flow velocity V1When the difference is not equal, the abnormal condition exists in the drainage catheter 10. Preferably for detecting the actual flow velocity V1Can be based on a preset induced flow velocity VminWith the actual flow velocity V1The magnitude of the difference between them. For detecting the actual flow velocity V1The detection frequency of the flow velocity sensor and the preset drainage flow velocity VminWith the actual flow velocity V1The difference between them is relevant. Preferably, when it is determined that an abnormal condition exists in the drainage catheter 100, the control module performs detection and determination on the abnormal condition. The method for the control module to perform step-by-step pipe blockage detection can be, for example: and (4) performing abnormal condition step-by-step detection, and judging the current pipe blockage condition and the pipe blockage position based on the preliminary judgment and by comparing the actual parameter change of the fluid guided in the flow passage with the change of the theoretical change value through adjusting the fluid flow valve 150 and the air pressure valve 210.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module is at least in data connection with a temperature sensor arranged outside the outer wall of the drainage catheter 100, can receive the detection data of the temperature sensor, and can analyze, arrange and calculate the detection data of the temperature detection device to obtain the temperature data in the ventricle. Preferably, the initial temperature of the cerebrospinal fluid being drained from the ventricle is the same as the temperature in the ventricle of the patient, and as the cerebrospinal fluid is drawn within the drainage catheter 100, its heat is dissipated to the surrounding environment and to the outer wall of the catheter. The temperature of the fluid in the conduit is calculated by integrating the temperature of the outer wall detected by the temperature sensor on the outer wall of the conduit with data such as the heat transfer rate, the heat dissipation coefficient, the thermal resistance of the flow guide conduit 100 itself, the thermal resistance of the surrounding environment, and the properties of the fluid itself. The temperature of the patient's ventricle can be calculated from the temperature of the fluid in the drainage catheter 100 and the distance traveled by the fluid from within the ventricle to the temperature detection point. Preferably, the heat dissipated by the catheter is related to the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid near the inside wall of the drainage catheter 100.
According to a preferred embodiment, the drainage catheter 100 is provided with a plurality of fluid flow rate sensors from the end inserted into the ventricle to the end near the drainage collection device. Preferably, a plurality of temperature sensors, i.e., a first temperature sensor 110, a second temperature sensor 120, and a third temperature sensor 130, are disposed on the outside of the drainage catheter 100 from the end inserted into the ventricle to the end near the drainage collection device. In the calculation process of the heat emitted when cerebrospinal fluid drained from the ventricle of the drainage catheter 100 reaches each temperature detection device, the flow velocity of the fluid outside the used drainage flow channel can be calculated by calculating the average flow velocity on the path through which the cerebrospinal fluid reaches the temperature detection device, and calculating by using methods such as calculus or predictive flow velocity. So as to accurately calculate the heat emitted and thus the temperature in the ventricle. Preferably, the method for predicting the flow rate is as follows: the flow rate is predicted from the current intracranial pressure. In the case of a blocked pipe or an adhesion, the heat dissipation coefficient is calculated from the adhered substance.
Such an arrangement has the following benefits: the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the catheter and is arranged in the catheter section which is away from one end of the catheter inserted into the cranium at a certain distance, and the temperature sensor is not required to be arranged in the catheter in the arrangement mode, so that a drainage flow channel cannot be occupied, the drainage flow channel can be kept smooth and even, and the probability of pipe blockage is reduced. Meanwhile, the temperature sensor arranged on the outer wall of the catheter can not enter the interior of the cranium together with the catheter, so that the requirement on the manufacturing process of the drainage catheter 100 is reduced, and the probability of infection caused by catheter placement of a patient is reduced. The temperature sensor arranged on the outer wall of the conduit has lower requirements on the properties and the required cost is reduced.
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module calculates the ventricular temperature with respect to the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor 110, the second temperature sensor 120, and the third temperature sensor 130, respectively, performs a numerical comparison and an error analysis on the respective calculation results, and averages the calculation results to the ventricular temperature. When the error of the calculation result is larger, the amount of the temperature sensor participating in the calculation is increased.
According to a preferred embodiment, the device is used for measuring the temperature T of a fluid in a conduit sectionmThe method comprises the following steps:
s1 detecting the temperature T of the outer wall of the drainage catheter 1001；
S2 detecting the reference temperature T of the surface of the drainage catheter 100 at intervals0；
S3 determining the heat transfer properties, in particular the thermal resistance, of the boundary layer of the fluid at the inner wall of the flow guide 100 on the basis of the at least one value of the state variable of the fluid and the at least one material property;
s4 depending on the heat transfer properties of the boundary layer, the heat transfer core, especially the thermal resistance, of the conduit section, the temperature T of the conduit section1And a reference temperature T0Determining the temperature T of the fluid2。
The temperature of the fluid is calculated by:
Figure BDA0003329737110000081
where Cp is the heat capacity, q is the convective heat flow, m is the mass flow, and v is the volumetric flow.
Preferably, the conduit temperature T1Measured by a first temperature sensor; reference temperature T0Measured by the fourth temperature sensor 140. Preferably, the first temperature sensor 110 is disposed against the outer wall of the conduit, and the fourth temperature sensor 140 and the first temperature sensor 110 are disposed at a spatial distance from each other within the same cross-section of the conduit. The temperature values measured by the first temperature sensor 110 and the fourth temperature sensor 140 are both sent to the data analysis module.
Preferably, the catheter temperature T is measured where the heat of cerebrospinal fluid draining from the cranium is transferred from the inner wall of the catheter through the wall of the catheter to the outer wall of the catheter1Then transferred to the measured reference temperature T via the medium of the outer wall of the conduit0The position of (a). In this process, the outer wall of the conduit provides a thermal resistance RwThe medium outside the outer wall provides the thermal resistance R of the surrounding environmentF。
According to a preferred embodiment, the data analysis module is capable of performing data presetting, and the diameter of the flow channel of the conduit, the thickness of the outer wall, the heat conductivity coefficient lambda and the specific heat capacity C of the conduit wall are input through the data presettingpwRoughness coefficient ζ of inner wall of conduit, density ρ of fluidrVelocity V of the fluid, dynamic viscosity of the fluid, heat transfer capacity of the fluid, specific heat capacity of the fluid, pressure P of the fluidfThe prandtl number of the fluid, the position of the fluid in the duct and the velocity V of the air flowing around the duct, the reference temperature T0And/or temperature T of the conduit section1. Preferably, the data analysis module comprises at least models for calculating various resistances and heat dissipation coefficients, each model being capable of inputting the required parameter values, respectively. Also, preferably, the temperature of the fluid can be accurately determined when the nussel number is introduced into the calculation of the temperature of the fluid in the data analysis module.
According to a preferred embodiment, the thermal resistance of the catheter and the surrounding environment can be verified and determined by a limited number of experiments to reduce errors in the temperature data within the cranium due to the catheter and the surrounding environment. Preferably, the calculation of the temperature data in the cranium may further comprise the following correction method:
the catheter is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and the plurality of temperature sensors are respectively a first temperature sensor 110, a second temperature sensor 120 and a third temperature sensor 130 from the near end close to the cranium of the patient to the far end 170 close to the drainage collection bottle. Preferably, the first temperature sensor 110, the second temperature sensor 120 and the third temperature sensor 130 are respectively arranged at the same interval, and the time when a certain section of fluid reaches each temperature monitoring point is calculated through the flow rate. And performing integrated calculation on the monitoring data of each temperature monitoring point when the fluid reaches each temperature monitoring point, removing heat loss caused by ambient environmental change, determining the self-property of the section of fluid, and correcting the fluid temperature calculated by using the uncorrected original self-property of the section of fluid again by combining the corrected self-property of the section of fluid. After continuous correction, the data temperature data after multiple corrections, the actual heat conductivity coefficient of the pipeline and the like are used for calculating data of the fluid temperature in the early stage, so that the calculated data model is close to the true value fully, and the data calculation model is established and corrected based on multiple times of models, so that the data calculation model is closer to the true value.
According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature monitoring device further comprises an alarm module that alarms based on the monitored fluid temperature and the predicted fluid temperature. For example, the temperature monitoring device comprises temperature monitoring data of temperature sensors capable of receiving other parts, the temperature monitoring data of the other parts can be anal temperature, the subsequent body temperature change trend of the patient is predicted by measuring the anal temperature of the patient, combining the temperature monitoring data of the current patient and the medical procedure (such as a cooling process or a heating process) carried out on the patient, and the time when the temperature data exceeds a threshold value is displayed and alarmed in advance so as to prompt medical staff to correct the existing medical procedure before the temperature is improved. By the arrangement mode, the body temperature data of the patient can be detected in real time, the data change can be predicted in advance, and the advance prompt is made to provide sufficient time for adjusting the body data of the patient.
According to a preferred embodiment, the alarm module is further connected with an external temperature control program in a data external mode, and the external temperature control program is communicated with the external temperature control program to predict the body temperature change trend. The temperature control program may be, for example, a program and method for controlling body temperature reduction through physical or pharmaceutical control, such as a program process for reducing body temperature by orally administering a drug such as ibuprofen or controlling heat exchange of an ice blanket/cap through a sub-hypothermic therapy apparatus to reduce or restore body temperature of a patient. Preferably, a temperature control program is connected outside the alarm module, and the alarm triggering condition is changed along with the change of the temperature control program. For example, when the temperature control program control is in a program for controlling temperature reduction at the moment, the alarm module detects that the body temperature of the patient rises, and then a pre-alarm is carried out; and when the temperature control program is in the program for controlling the temperature to rise at the moment, early warning is carried out when the temperature drop of the patient is detected. And the alarm module compares a predicted cooling curve generated based on a set cooling condition in the temperature control program with a temperature curve generated by the detection of an actual temperature detection system, and alarms under the condition that trends and values are not consistent.
According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature control program generates a third correlation curve of body temperature with time based on the control conditions; the alarm module generates a fourth correlation curve of the body temperature and the time based on the collected and calculated actual brain temperature, compares the trend and the numerical value of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve, and gives different prompt information when the trend and the numerical value are not corresponding. For example, when the comparison is not positive with respect to the trends to the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve, that is, the trend of the third correlation curve is that the temperature continues to go down/up, and the trend of the fourth correlation curve is that the temperature rises/goes down, a first prompt is generated to prompt that there is a difference in the trends of the first correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve, which prompts that the temperature control program does not match the change in the body temperature of the patient. And when the trend of the third correlation curve is the same as that of the fourth correlation curve but the numerical value is different, a second prompt is generated. Preferably, the first cue is weighted more heavily than the second cue.
According to a preferred embodiment, the alarm module further comprises an intensity control unit for controlling the output intensity of the alarm signal, the output intensity of the intensity control unit being driven according to the frequency of occurrence of the first cue and the second cue. For example, when the first prompt or the second prompt appears multiple times in succession, the prompt intensity of the respective prompt is gradually increased. Medical personnel can know the deviation degree of current data and provide the adjustment of corresponding degree to the deviation of data according to current suggestion intensity and display data.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and drawings are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present description contains several inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", each indicating that the respective paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept. Throughout this document, the features referred to as "preferred" are only an optional feature and should not be understood as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to discard or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims (10)

1. A cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device at least comprises a drainage catheter (100) which is inserted into a ventricle to drain cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricle to the outside, a temperature sensor for detecting temperature and a data analysis module for analyzing temperature data, and is characterized in that,
the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the drainage catheter (100) to detect the temperature of the outer wall of the drainage catheter (100),
the data analysis module calculates a temperature of the drainage fluid within the drainage catheter (100) based on the sensed values of the temperature sensor and thermodynamic properties of the catheter, fluid, and surrounding environment;
the data analysis module calculates the temperature in the ventricle based on the calculated temperature of the drainage fluid, thermodynamic properties of the environment and distance information from the ventricle to the temperature detection point.
2. The automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature T of the fluid inside the drainage catheter (100)mThe measurements were carried out as follows:
s1 detecting the temperature T of the outer wall of the drainage catheter (100)1；
S2 detecting a reference temperature T spaced from the surface of the drainage catheter (100)0；
S3 determining the heat transfer properties, in particular the thermal resistance, of the boundary layer of the fluid at the inner wall of the drainage line (100) on the basis of at least one state parameter of the fluid;
s4 dependent on the heat transfer properties of the boundary layer, the heat transfer properties, in particular the thermal resistance, of the section of the flow guide (100), the temperature T of the section of the guide1And a reference temperature T0Determining the temperature T of the fluid2。
3. An automatic monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature of the fluid is calculated by:
Figure FDA0003329737100000011
where Cp is the heat capacity, q is the convective heat flow, m is the mass flow, and v is the volumetric flow.
4. The automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the temperature T of the outer wall of the drainage catheter (100)1Detected by a first temperature sensor (110), the reference temperature T0Is detected by a second temperature sensor (120), the first temperature sensor (110) is arranged close to the outer wall of the drainage catheter (100), and the fourth temperature sensor (140) and the first temperature sensor (110) are arranged at the same cross section of the catheterThe planes are arranged at a certain spatial distance.
5. The automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the data analysis module further comprises a correction method of:
calculating the time when a certain section of fluid reaches each temperature detection point and the detection data of the temperature sensor of each temperature detection point when the section of fluid reaches each temperature detection point, calculating the self-property parameter of the section of fluid as the self-property of the corrected section of fluid based on the detection data of the temperature sensor of each temperature detection point, and recalculating the fluid temperature calculated by using the uncorrected original self-property of the section of fluid by using the corrected self-property of the section of fluid.
6. An automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the data analysis module incorporates a Knudsen count into the calculation of the temperature of the fluid.
7. The automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an alarm module, wherein the alarm module is capable of receiving temperature monitoring data of temperature sensors of other body parts of the patient and a current medical procedure or an external body temperature control procedure to predict a subsequent body temperature change trend of the patient, comparing the current body temperature change trend of the patient with the predicted subsequent body temperature change trend, and displaying and alarming in advance when the trends are not matched.
8. The automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the data analysis module generates a third correlation curve relating body temperature to time based on a preset body temperature control program; the alarm module generates a fourth correlation curve of the body temperature and the time based on the acquired and calculated actual brain temperature, compares the trends and the numerical values of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve, gives a first prompt when the trends of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve are not corresponding, gives a second prompt when the numerical values of the third correlation curve and the fourth correlation curve are not corresponding,
the first prompt is weighted more heavily than the second prompt.
9. The automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the alarm module further comprises an intensity control unit for controlling the output intensity of the alarm signal, the output intensity of the intensity control unit being driven according to the frequency of occurrence of the first prompt and the second prompt.
10. A method of monitoring the ventricular temperature, characterized by calculating the ventricular temperature by detecting the outer wall temperature of a drainage catheter (100) and based on the thermal conductivity and thermal dissipation properties of the catheter and the thermal resistance information of the surrounding environment and the knoop coefficient of the fluid in combination with the distance of the temperature detection point to the ventricle.
CN202111280005.0A 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and brain temperature automatic monitoring device Pending CN114366859A (en)

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