CN114365178A

CN114365178A - Management system, battery replacement system, and program

Info

Publication number: CN114365178A
Application number: CN201980099760.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 安承俊
Original assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2022-04-15
Also published as: TWI765363B; WO2021064818A1; JPWO2021064818A1; TW202115628A; JP7246503B2

Abstract

The management system is provided with: a storage unit that stores identification information of the battery in association with identification information of an owner of the battery; a value determination section that determines a value resulting from the discharge and charge of the battery each time the discharge and charge of the battery are performed; and a reward determination section that determines a reward provided to the owner of the battery based on the value determined by the value determination section each time the discharge and the charge of the battery are performed.

Description

Management system, battery replacement system, and program

Technical Field

The invention relates to a management system, a battery replacement system, and a program.

Background

A system is known that manages an investor who sells and purchases green securities obtained by securitizing the asset value of a green power generation facility (see, for example, patent document 1 below). There is known a technique of visualizing the content of electric power supplied from a battery to a load in different display patterns by classifying the contents of the electric power into a power generation system as a supply source of the electric power stored in the battery (for example, see patent document 2).

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2002-175351.

Patent document 2: japanese patent No. 5895178.

Disclosure of Invention

In a system in which power is supplied from a battery owned by a third party, there is a problem in that it is difficult to determine an appropriate payment to be paid to a battery owner from the value of the battery due to charging and discharging.

In a first aspect of the present invention, a management system is provided. The management system includes a storage unit for storing the identification information of the battery and the identification information of the owner of the battery in association with each other. The management system is provided with a value determination unit that determines a value resulting from the discharge and charge of the battery each time the discharge and charge of the battery are performed. The management system includes a reward determination unit that determines a reward to be provided to an owner of the battery based on the value determined by the value determination unit each time the discharge and the charge of the battery are performed.

The management system may be provided with a reward provider that provides the reward determined by the reward determination section to the owner each time the discharge and charge of the battery are performed.

The management system may be provided with a reward notification section that notifies the owner of the reward determined by the reward determination section each time discharge and charge of the battery are performed.

The value determination portion may determine the value based on a difference between a cost paid by a user of the battery for use of the battery and a cost with which the user charges an amount of electricity output from the battery during the use of the battery.

The battery may be detachably connected to a device that consumes electric power, and charged by a charging and discharging facility in a state of being removed from the device.

The value determination portion may determine the value based on a difference between a cost paid by the user and a cost with which the battery is charged by the charge and discharge facility only with an amount of electricity output from the battery during the use period of the battery.

The charge and discharge facility may discharge the electric power stored in the battery to the outside. The value determination portion may determine the value based on a difference between a cost obtained by discharging electric power from the battery to the outside of the charge and discharge facility and a cost for charging only the amount of electricity discharged from the battery by the charge and discharge facility.

The management system may include a recording unit that records history information of charging and/or discharging of the battery in association with the identification information of the battery each time charging and/or discharging of the battery is performed.

The recording section may include a cost related to charging and/or discharging of the battery in the history information each time charging and/or discharging of the battery is performed.

The recording section may record the history information through the blockchain.

The management system may include a value notification unit that predicts information indicating a value that the battery will generate in the future based on the history information recorded by the recording unit and notifies the owner of the information.

The charge and discharge facility may receive a first battery used in the vehicle and provide a second battery charged by the charge and discharge facility to a user of the vehicle.

In a second aspect of the present invention, a replacement battery system is provided. The battery replacement system is provided with the management system and an upper charging and discharging facility.

In a third aspect of the present invention, a program is provided. The program causes the computer to function as a storage unit that stores the identification information of the battery and the identification information of the battery owner in association with each other. The program causes the computer to function as a value determination section that determines a value resulting from the discharge and charge of the battery each time the discharge and charge of the battery are performed. The program causes the computer to function as a reward determination section that determines a reward provided to an owner of the battery based on the value determined by the value determination section each time the discharge and the charge of the battery are performed.

The summary of the present invention does not list all the necessary features of the present invention. In addition, sub-combinations of these feature sets may also be inventions.

Drawings

Fig. 1 schematically shows a use form of a replacement battery system 10.

Fig. 2 conceptually illustrates the association between the battery 100, the owner 80, the user 70, the operator 11, and the power supplier 150.

Fig. 3 schematically shows the functional configuration of the management server 20.

Fig. 4 shows an example of the data structure of the battery information stored in the storage unit 290.

Fig. 5 shows an example of the data structure of the battery usage information stored in the storage unit 290.

Fig. 6 shows an outline of processing in the battery station 30.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing performed by the management server 20.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a computer 2000, which may fully or partially embody various embodiments of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments thereof, but the following embodiments do not limit the claimed invention. All combinations of the features described in the embodiments are not essential to the means for solving the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar portions are sometimes assigned the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a use form of a replacement battery system 10. The replacement battery system 10 manages the battery 100. The battery 100 is a battery purchased by the owner 80. The replacement battery system 10 provides a consideration to the owner 80 of the battery 100 each time a profit is generated by charging and/or discharging the battery 100.

The battery replacement system 10 includes a management server 20, a battery station 30, and an electric motorcycle 40. The management server 20 is an example of a management system. The management server 20 may communicate with the battery station 30 through a communication network 190. The communication network 190 may include a transmission line for wired communication or wireless communication. The communication network 190 may include a communication network including the internet, a P2P network, a private line, a VPN, a power line communication line, a mobile phone line, and the like. The blockchain network 180 is established over a communication network 190. The blockchain network 180 may be a public blockchain network. The blockchain network 180 may be a private blockchain network.

The battery 100 is mounted on the electric motorcycle 40. The battery 100 is a replaceable battery that is detachable from the electric motorcycle 40. The battery 100 serves as a power source for driving an electric motor as a power source of the electric motorcycle 40. The battery 100 is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, and a lead-acid battery. The electric motorcycle 40 is an example of a vehicle. Vehicles are examples of transportation devices. In addition, the electric motorcycle 40 may be a hybrid type motorcycle having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as power sources.

The battery station 30 holds a plurality of batteries. The battery station 30 receives the battery 100 used in the electric motorcycle 40, and supplies the other battery 100 charged in the battery station 30 to the user 70 of the electric motorcycle 40. After charging the battery 100 used in the electric motorcycle 40, the battery station 30 provides the charged battery 100 to the user of the electric motorcycle 40 or other electric motorcycles.

The battery station 30 is provided in various facilities, for example. For example, the battery station 30 is provided in facilities such as a post office, a convenience store, a shopping mall, and a parking lot. The battery station 30 charges the battery 100 using power supplied from the power supplier 150 through the power network 160. The power supplier 150 is a power supplier of a power retailer including an electric power company or the like, an operator of a facility in which the battery station 30 is provided, or the like.

The battery station 30 rents the held battery 100 to the user 70 of the electric motorcycle 40. Specifically, the user 70 of the electric motorcycle 40 takes out the battery 100 from the battery station 30 and mounts it on the electric motorcycle 40. The electric motorcycle 40 runs while consuming the electric power stored in the battery 100. When replacing the battery 100 used in the electric motorcycle 40, the user 70 takes out another battery that has been charged from the battery station 30, and instead returns the battery 100 used in the electric motorcycle 40 to the battery station 30. The management server 20 calculates the amount of power supplied from the battery 100 (sometimes described as "the amount of power supplied to the user 70") during the period in which the battery 100 is lent to the user 70, based on the remaining amount of the battery 100 returned. The management server 20 charges the user 70 an amount of money corresponding to the amount of power supplied to the user 70 as a battery usage fee.

The battery station 30 charges the returned battery 100 until fully charged. The management server 20 calculates a profit due to a set of charging and discharging of the battery 100 based on a difference between the battery usage fee charged to the user 70 and the electricity fee taken to fully charge the battery 100. In addition, a set of charging and discharging means that substantially the same amount of electric power is discharged and charged. For example, it refers to discharge performed from a state where the remaining battery level is at a certain value and charge performed until the remaining battery level returns to the certain value. "charging and discharging" does not limit the order of discharging and charging, and both charging and discharging may be performed first.

The management server 20 records transaction information indicating the amount of power provided to the user 70, a battery usage fee that is the cost of providing power to the user 70, and a profit obtained through a set of charging and discharging. For example, the management server 20 records the transaction information in a database and blockchain network 180 managed by the management server 20. Further, management server 20 distributes a part of the profit generated by one set of charging and discharging of battery 100 to owner 80 of battery 100. The management server 20 notifies the owner terminal 82 of the owner 80 of information indicating the benefit allocated to the owner 80.

The management server 20 provides the owner 80 with information indicating an expected value of the profit generated in the future by the battery 100, taking into account the historical profit generated by the charge and discharge of the battery 100 and the remaining life of the battery 100. Since the market value of the battery fluctuates due to energy situation or the like, the owner 80 may obtain more profit by selling the battery 100 in addition to the operation profit of the battery 100. According to the management server 20, the expectation value of the profit generated in the future by the battery 100 can be provided to the owner 80, so the owner 80 can judge how much final profit will be obtained by selling the battery 100.

Thus, according to the replacement of the battery system 10, it is possible to appropriately evaluate the profit due to the use of the battery 100 and appropriately distribute the profit to the owner 80. In addition, the future value of the battery 100 can be appropriately evaluated in consideration of the remaining life of the battery 100 based on the transaction information of the battery 100.

In addition, only one battery station 30 is shown in fig. 1 for ease of understanding. However, the replacement battery system 10 may include a plurality of battery stations, and the user 70 may return the battery 100 to a battery station different from the battery station that rented the battery 100.

Fig. 2 conceptually illustrates the association between the battery 100, the owner 80, the user 70, the operator 11, and the power supplier 150. The operator 11 is an operator who manages the server 20 and the battery station 30.

The battery 100 is prepared using the investment funds provided by the owner 80. The battery 100 is registered in the operator 11 and operated. The battery 100 is leased to the user 70 to supply the driving electric power of the electric motorcycle 40. The user 70 pays the use fee of the battery 100 to the operator 11.

The operator 11 controls charging and discharging of the battery 100 of the battery station 30 through the management server 20 and the battery station 30. For example, when a power surplus occurs in the power network 160, the management server 20 charges the battery 100 using power supplied from the power supplier 150. The operator 11 pays an electric power fee (a purchase electric power fee) corresponding to the amount of electric power supply from the electric power provider 150 to the battery station 30 to the electric power provider 150. In addition, when a shortage of electric power occurs in the electric power network 160, the management server 20 sells the electric power by discharging the electric power stored in the battery 100 to the electric power network 160. The operator 11 obtains a cost (electricity sales fee) corresponding to the amount of electricity discharged from the battery 100 to the power network 160 from the electricity supplier 150. The operator 11 provides the remuneration based on the battery usage fee, the electricity purchase fee, and the electricity sale fee paid from the user 70 to the owner 80.

The owner 80 of the battery 100 is a third party different from the user 70 and the operator 11 of the electric motorcycle 40. Therefore, the user 70 does not need to prepare the battery 100 for running the electric motorcycle 40 at his or her own cost. Therefore, the user 70 can purchase the electric motorcycle 40 at the price of the main body of the electric motorcycle 40 excluding the price of the battery. According to the replacement battery system 10, in a system in which power is supplied from the battery 100 owned by the owner 80, an appropriate reward can be provided to the owner 80. Therefore, the replacement of the battery system 10 can contribute to the popularization of the electric motorcycle 40 and can contribute to the reduction of the environmental load.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a functional configuration of the management server 20. The management server 20 includes a value determination unit 210, a reward determination unit 220, a reward provision unit 230, a reward notification unit 240, a recording unit 250, a value notification unit 260, a use event information acquisition unit 270, and a storage unit 290.

The functional block 200 provided with the value determination unit 210, the reward determination unit 220, the reward provision unit 230, the reward notification unit 240, the recording unit 250, the value notification unit 260, and the use event information acquisition unit 270 executes processing based on the information stored in the storage unit 290. The functional block 200 may be implemented by a processing circuit of a processor or the like. The holding section 290 may be implemented by a nonvolatile memory device.

Storage unit 290 stores the identification information of battery 100 and the identification information of owner 80 of battery 100 in association with each other. Each time battery 100 is discharged and charged, value determination portion 210 determines a value resulting from the discharge and charge of battery 100. For example, the value determination portion 210 determines the value resulting from the discharge and charge of the battery 100 based on the difference between the cost paid for using the battery 100 from the user 70 of the battery 100 and the cost for the user 70 to charge the amount of electricity output from the battery 100 during the use of the battery 100. The value generated by the discharge and charge of the battery 100 is, for example, the difference between the battery usage fee paid by the user 70 and the electricity fee spent for the charge of the amount of electricity output from the battery 100.

Each time battery 100 is discharged and charged, consideration determination section 220 determines a consideration to be provided to owner 80 of battery 100 based on the value determined by value determination section 210.

Each time battery 100 is discharged and charged, consideration providing section 230 provides consideration determined by consideration determining section 220 to owner 80. Reward notification section 240 notifies owner 80 of the reward determined by reward determination section 220 each time battery 100 is discharged and charged.

The battery 100 is detachable from the electric motorcycle 40. The battery 100 is charged by the battery station 30 in a state detached from the electric motorcycle 40. The electric motorcycle 40 is an example of a device that consumes electric power. The battery station 30 is an example of a charging and discharging facility.

The value determination section 210 determines the value based on the difference between the cost paid from the user 70 and the cost for charging the battery 100 by the battery station 30 with only the amount of electricity output from the battery 100 during the use period of the battery 100. The use period of the battery 100 is, for example, a period during which the battery 100 is lent to the user 70.

The battery station 30 discharges the electric power stored in the battery 100 to the outside. For example, the battery station 30 discharges the electric power stored in the battery 100 to the power network 160 by discharging the battery 100. The worth determining portion 210 determines the worth due to the discharge and charge of the battery 100 based on the difference between the cost obtained by discharging the electric power from the battery 100 to the outside of the battery station 30 and the cost for the amount of electricity discharged by the battery station 30 to charge only the battery 100. For example, value determination unit 210 sets the difference between the electricity sale rate and the electricity purchase rate as the value generated by discharging and charging battery 100.

Every time battery 100 is charged and/or discharged, recording portion 250 records the history information of the charging and/or discharging of battery 100 in association with the identification information of battery 100. For example, every time charging and discharging of one set of the battery 100 is performed, the recording portion 250 records the history information in association with the identification information of the battery 100. The history information is, for example, usage event information or transaction information described later. Each time battery 100 is charged and/or discharged, recording unit 250 includes the cost related to the charging of battery 100 and/or the discharging of battery 100 in the history information. The recording unit 250 may store history information in the storage unit 290. The recording part 250 may record history information through a block chain. Specifically, the recording part 250 may record the history information in the blockchain network 180 by transmitting the history information to the blockchain network 180.

Value notifying unit 260 predicts information indicating a value to be generated in the future of battery 100 based on the actual past data recorded by recording unit 250, and notifies owner 80.

Fig. 4 shows an example of the data structure of the battery information stored in the storage unit 290. The battery information associates "battery ID", "specification", "region", "charging energy type", "use object", "owner ID", and "possession period".

The identification information of the battery 100 is stored in "battery ID". The battery ID is stored in the battery 100. In "specification", information indicating the specification of battery 100 is stored. For example, information indicating the capacity and cycle life of battery 100 is held in "specifications".

In the "region", information indicating a region where battery 100 is used is stored. When the region where battery 100 is used is limited, information specifying the region is stored in "region". When the region where battery 100 is used is not limited, the NULL value is stored in the "region".

In the "charging energy type", information indicating the kind of energy used for charging the battery 100 is stored. When the energy source for charging the battery 100 is limited, information specifying the energy source is saved in "charging energy type". When the energy source for charging the battery 100 is not limited, the NULL value is saved in the "charging energy type".

In the "usage target", information indicating the usage target of the battery 100 is stored. As objects of use of the battery 100, there are a household power supply, a photovoltaic power generation device, an auxiliary battery such as a fuel cell, and the like, in addition to a vehicle such as the electric motorcycle 40. In the present embodiment, the object of use of the battery 100 is a vehicle, but the object of use of the battery 100 may be various transportation devices other than vehicles, various stationary power sources, portable power sources, or the like.

The "owner ID" holds identification information of the owner 80 of the battery 100. In the "possession period", information indicating a period in which the owner 80 owns the battery 100 is saved.

The value notifying section 260 calculates the market value of the battery 100 by considering the region, the charging energy type, and the usage object included in the battery information, and notifies the owner 80 of this. The value notifying unit 260 calculates the market value of the battery 100 based on the history information of the past charge and discharge of the battery 100, and the region, the type of the charging energy source, and the usage object included in the battery information. For example, value notification unit 260 may calculate the market value of battery 100 in consideration of the electricity price, the selling electricity price, and the purchasing electricity price in the "region" of the battery information. Further, when the "charging energy type" is natural energy, the battery usage fee may sometimes be set high by claiming to operate using natural energy. Therefore, when the "charging energy type" is a natural energy, the value notifying part 260 can calculate a higher market value than the case where the "charging energy type" is not specified. A specific example of the market value calculated from the history information of charge and discharge of battery 100 will be described later.

When a reward to be paid to the owner 80 is generated by charging and discharging of the battery 100, the reward provider 230 specifies the owner 80 of the battery 100 based on the owner ID included in the battery information shown in fig. 4, and pays the reward determined by the reward determination section 220 to the owner 80. Similarly, reward notification section 240 and value notification section 260 notify the reward and the current value of battery 100 to owner 80 specified based on the owner ID included in the battery information shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 5 shows an example of the data structure of the battery usage information stored in the storage unit 290. The battery usage information associates "battery ID", "station ID", "SOC", "usage content", "subject person", "cost", and "date and time".

Each time a usage event of battery 100 occurs, recording unit 250 records a piece of battery usage information in storage unit 290. "usage event of the battery 100" means that the battery 100 is lent from the battery station 30 to the user 70, the battery 100 is returned from the user 70 to the battery station 30, the battery 100 is charged in the battery station 30, the battery 100 is discharged in the battery station 30, and the like. The management server 20 determines the occurrence of the usage event based on the usage event information notified from the battery station 30. The use event information will be described later.

In the "battery ID", identification information of the battery 100 is stored. The identification information of the battery station 30 is stored in the "station ID". For example, the "station ID" holds identification information of the battery station 30 of the loan source of the battery 100 and the return destination of the battery 100. In the station ID, identification information of the battery station 30 in which the battery 100 is charged or discharged is stored. Information indicating the charging rate of battery 100 is stored in "SOC".

In the "usage content", information indicating how to use battery 100 is saved. Specifically, "borrowing" means that the battery 100 is lent from the battery station 30 to the user 70. "return" means that the battery 100 is returned to the battery station 30. "purchase 3 kWh" indicates that battery 100 is charged with 3kWh of electric energy. "sell electricity 1 kWh" means that 1kWh of electric energy is discharged from battery 100 to the outside.

In the "subject", information indicating a transaction partner related to the battery 100 is held. For example, when the battery 100 is lent to the user 70, the identification information of the user 70 of the lending destination of the battery 100 is stored in the "subject person". When the user 70 returns the battery 100, the identification information of the user 70 who returned the battery 100 is stored in the "subject person". When electric power is charged and discharged through the power network 160, identification information of the power supplier 150 is saved in "subject person".

In "cost", the cost for use of battery 100 is saved. For example, when the user 70 returns the battery 100, the battery usage fee paid by the user 70 is saved in the "cost". Specifically, when battery usage is quantitatively determined for the amount of electricity supplied to the user 70 during a loan period from the loan of the battery 100 to the return of the battery 100, the battery usage is calculated based on the capacity of the battery 100, the difference in SOC of the battery 100 before and after the loan, and a predetermined metering unit price.

In addition, when the battery 100 is lent to the user 70, the user 70 may be charged a battery usage fee corresponding to the SOC of the lent battery 100. In this case, the battery usage charge can be reduced according to the SOC of battery 100 when battery 100 is returned. Further, the battery usage fee may be calculated based on the length of the rental period of the battery 100. The battery usage fee may be calculated based on the amount of power supplied to the user 70 and the length of the rental period of the battery 100.

In the "date and time", information indicating the loan date, the return date, the date and time of completing the charging of the battery 100 by purchasing electric power, and the date and time of completing the discharging of the battery 100 by selling electric power of the battery 100 is held.

Value determination portion 210 determines a benefit resulting from a set of charging and discharging of battery 100 based on the history of battery usage information. For example, when returning the

battery

100, 72 yen is charged to the user 70 as the battery usage fee, and the electricity fee required to charge the battery 100 with only the supply amount of electricity to the user 70 is 24 yen, the value determination section 210 sets the profit generated by lending the battery 100 to the user 70 to 48 yen. In addition, when the electricity sales rate when the battery 100 is discharged from the fully charged state and sells electricity is 28 yen at the time of electricity shortage and the electricity purchase rate when the battery 100 is restored to the fully charged state by purchasing electricity at the time of electricity surplus is 8 yen, the value determination section 210 sets the profit generated by the electricity transaction of the battery 100 to 20 yen.

The reward determination section 220 determines a reward for the payment of the owner 80 by multiplying the benefit generated by each set of charge and discharge by a predetermined distribution coefficient. Fig. 4 shows a case where the partition coefficient is 0.5. The distribution coefficient is determined by the operator 11. The operator 11 can appropriately determine the distribution coefficient in consideration of the operation cost of the management server 20 and the battery station 30. The recording unit 250 records transaction information including the reward specified by the reward specifying unit 220 every time a set of charge and discharge occurs.

As shown in fig. 4, the recorded transaction information includes "battery ID", "station ID", "amount of electricity", "usage fee", "charging fee", "electricity selling fee", "electricity purchasing fee", "profit", "payment", and "date and time". The identification information of the battery station 30 in which the battery 100 is charged is stored in the "station ID" of the transaction information.

In the "amount of electricity" of the transaction information, information indicating the amount of electricity that has been discharged and charged is stored. For example, when 1kWh of discharge and 1kWh of charge are performed, "1 kWh" is stored in "charge amount". In the "charge amount", a set of charge/discharge cycle numbers consumed for charge/discharge may be stored.

In the "usage fee" of the transaction information, the battery usage fee charged to the user 70 is saved. In the "charge rate", a rate of electricity required for charging the electric power for supplying the amount of electricity to the user 70 is stored. In the "electricity selling fee", the electricity selling fee in the electric power transaction performed by the battery station 30 is saved. In the "electricity purchase fee", the electricity purchase fee in the electric power transaction performed by the battery station 30 is saved. The "profit" holds the profit generated by a set of charging and discharging. The payment of the payment owner 80 is saved in the "payment". "date and time" holds a set of date and time when charging and discharging was completed.

The recording unit 250 may store the transaction information and the battery usage information in the storage unit 290. The recording part 250 may also record the transaction information and the battery usage information in the blockchain network 180 by transmitting the transaction information and the battery usage information to the blockchain network 180.

Fig. 6 shows an outline of processing in the battery station 30. First, it is assumed that the battery 100 is held in the battery station 30 in a fully charged state. When the battery 100 is lent to the user 70, the battery station 30 transmits usage event information including the battery ID of the lent battery 100, the station ID of the battery station 30, the SOC of the lent battery 100, "loan" as the content of usage, and the user ID of the user 70 to the management server 20. When the battery station 30 authenticates the user 70, the user ID of the user 70 is acquired. In the management server 20, the recording section 250 generates and records battery usage information including the usage event information received from the battery station 30.

When the battery 100 is returned to the battery station 30 after the battery 100 is used in the electric motorcycle 40, the battery station 30 transmits usage event information including the battery ID read from the returned battery 100, the station ID of the battery station 30, the SOC read from the returned battery 100, "return" as the content of usage, and the user ID of the user 70 to the management server 20.

In the management server 20, the value determination portion 210 reads the SOC at the time of lending the battery 100 from the storage portion 290, and calculates the amount of power supplied to the user 70 during lending the battery 100 to the user 70 based on the difference between the remaining battery amount and the SOC at the time of return to the battery station 30. The value determination section 210 determines a battery usage fee to be charged to the user 70 based on the amount of consumed electricity. For example, the value determination portion 210 calculates the battery usage charge by multiplying the measurement unit price by the amount of consumed electricity. The recording unit 250 generates and records battery usage information including usage event information received from the battery station 30 and cost information indicating a battery usage fee.

When the surplus power is generated in the power network 160, the battery station 30 restores the SOC of the battery 100 to the SOC at the time when the battery 100 is lent by charging the battery 100. As the surplus power, power in a time zone in which the supply is excessive due to photovoltaic power generation during a fine day of the day, midnight power, or the like can be cited. The battery station 30 transmits, to the management server 20, usage event information including a battery ID of the battery 100, a station ID of the battery station 30, an SOC of the battery 100, "3 kWh charging" as usage content, and "electric power company" as a subject of purchasing electric power.

In the management server 20, the recording section 250 generates and records battery usage information including usage event information received from the battery station 30 and cost information indicating the electricity fee required to charge the battery 100. In addition, the electricity fee is calculated based on the unit price of electric power and the amount of charged electricity in the period of time when the battery 100 is charged.

The value determination section 210 calculates a profit generated by the loan of the battery 100 based on the battery usage fee and the electricity fee. As described above, when the battery usage fee is 72 yen and the electricity purchase fee is 24 yen, the value determination section 210 sets the profit generated by lending the battery 100 to 48 yen. The reward determination section 220 sets the reward of the owner 80 who pays for the battery 100 to 24 yen by multiplying the profit of 48 yen by the distribution coefficient of 0.5. The consideration providing section 230 increases the balance of the transaction account of the owner 80 based on the consideration determined by the consideration determining section 220. In addition, consideration notifying section 240 notifies owner 80 of the consideration determined by consideration determining section 220. For example, consideration notifying section 240 notifies owner terminal 82 of owner 80 of the consideration determined by consideration determining section 220.

The recording section 250 records transaction information including the user ID of the user 70, the station ID, the amount of electricity, the usage fee, the charging fee, the benefit, the reward, and the date and time of completion of charging. For example, the recording unit 250 records the transaction information in the holding unit 290 or the block chain network 180.

Then, when a shortage of electric power occurs in the electric power network 160, the battery station 30 discharges the electric power to the electric power network 160 by discharging the battery 100. The battery station 30 transmits, to the management server 20, usage event information including the battery ID of the battery 100, the station ID of the battery station 30, the SOC of the battery 100, "1 kWh electricity sales" as the content of usage, and "electric power company" as the subject of electricity sales.

In the management server 20, the recording unit 250 records battery usage information including usage event information received from the battery station 30 and cost information indicating a power sale fee. Further, the electricity sales fee is calculated based on the purchase unit price of the electricity provider 150 in the period in which the electricity sales is made and the amount of electricity released from the battery station 30 to the electricity network 160.

When surplus power is generated in the power network 160, the battery station 30 charges the battery 100 by the power supplied from the power network 160 until the battery 100 is fully charged. The battery station 30 transmits, to the management server 20, usage event information including a battery ID of the battery 100, a station ID of the battery station 30, an SOC of the battery 100, "1 kWh purchase" as usage content, and "electric power company" as a subject of electric power purchase.

In the management server 20, the recording section 250 records battery usage information including usage event information received from the battery station 30 and cost information indicating a power purchase fee. Further, the electricity purchase rate is calculated based on the unit price of electricity and the amount of charged electricity for the period in which the electricity purchase is performed.

The value determination section 210 calculates a profit generated through the electricity transaction based on the electricity sale fee and the electricity purchase fee. For example, as described above, when the electricity selling fee is 28 yen and the electricity purchasing fee is 8 yen, the value determining part 210 sets the profit generated through the electricity transaction to 20 yen. The value determination section 220 multiplies 20 yen by the distribution coefficient of 0.5, thereby setting the consideration paid to the owner 80 of the battery 100 to 10 yen. The consideration providing section 230 increases the balance of the transaction account of the owner 80 based on the consideration determined by the consideration determining section 220. In addition, consideration notifying section 240 notifies owner 80 of the consideration determined by consideration determining section 220. For example, consideration notifying section 240 notifies owner terminal 82 of owner 80 of the consideration determined by consideration determining section 220.

The recording part 250 records transaction information including a user ID of the user 70, a station ID, an amount of electricity, a power selling fee, a power purchasing fee, a profit, a consideration, and a date and time of completion of charging. For example, the recording unit 250 records the transaction information in the holding unit 290 or the block chain network 180. Thus, every time a set of charging and discharging is performed, the profit generated by the charging and discharging is determined, and the reward is paid to the owner 80.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing performed by the management server 20. The processing in the present flowchart is started when the usage event information is received from the battery station 30.

In S702, the recording unit 250 generates the battery usage information shown in fig. 4 based on the usage event information received from the battery station 30, and stores the battery usage information in the storage unit 290. In S704, the value determination unit 210 determines whether or not charging and discharging of one set is completed. When a charge and discharge of one set is not completed, the process is ended. When a set of charge and discharge is completed, in S706, the value determination section 210 calculates the profit generated by the charge and discharge, and the reward determination section 220 calculates the reward for the owner 80 based on the calculated profit.

Next, in S708, the consideration provider 230 pays the consideration to the owner 80. In S710, the consideration notifying section 240 notifies the owner terminal 82 of the owner 80 of the consideration paid to the owner 80. In S712, the recording unit 250 records the transaction information. For example, the recording unit 250 stores the transaction information in the storage unit 290. Further, the recording part 250 records the transaction information in the blockchain network 180 by transmitting the transaction information to the blockchain network 180.

In addition, value notifying section 260 may notify owner 80 of information representing the value generated by battery 100 together with process S710 shown in fig. 7 or independently of process S710 shown in fig. 7. Value notification portion 260 may periodically and/or at the request of owner 80 notify owner 80 of information indicative of the value generated by battery 100.

For example, value notification portion 260 may calculate the value generated by battery 100 based on the battery usage information and/or transaction information shown in fig. 4. For example, in the example shown in fig. 4, the battery 100 supplies electric power to the electric motorcycle 40 by discharging the amount of electricity equivalent to 75% of the SOC conversion, then generates a profit of 48 yen by charging the amount of electricity equivalent to 75% of the SOC conversion, and pays a reward of 24 yen to the owner 80. Further, the battery 100 discharges electric power to the power network 160 by discharging the amount of electricity equivalent to 25% of the SOC conversion, then generates a profit of 20 yen by charging the amount of electricity equivalent to 25% of the SOC conversion, and pays a reward of 10 yen to the owner 80. Therefore, a profit of 68 yen is generated through charge and discharge of one cycle, and a payment of 34 yen is paid to the owner 80.

Here, assuming that a profit of 34 yen is generated per cycle and charging and discharging of 300 cycles has been performed so far, a reward of 10,200 yen has been paid to the owner 80 so far. Assume that the owner 80 invests 55,000 yen in purchasing the battery 100. Further, it is assumed that the battery life of the battery 100 is 1,000 cycles. In this case, since the battery 100 currently has a remaining life of 700 charge-discharge cycles, it can be considered that it will generate a yield of 47,600 yen in the future. In this case, the value notifying section 260 notifies the owner 80 that the future generated value of the battery 100 is "47,600 yen". In addition, the value notifying section 260 notifies the owner 80 that the consideration of 10,200 yen has been paid to the owner 80 so far. Since it is considered that the battery 100 can generate the yield of 47,600 yen in the future, it can be estimated that the battery 100 has a market value equivalent to the yield. Accordingly, the owner 80 understands that there is a possibility that the investment amount can be recovered by selling the battery 100 at the current point of time.

In this way, value notification unit 260 can calculate the value of battery 100 based on the past usage result of battery 100 and notify owner 80 of the value. The value notification unit 260 may calculate the value of the battery 100 to be generated in the future, taking into account the attributes such as "region", "charging source type", and "usage target" with reference to the battery information shown in fig. 4. For example, if the charging energy type is "natural energy", there is a case where a higher battery usage rate than other batteries can be set by emphasizing an effect of contributing to energy saving or the like. Further, the electricity rate for calculating the profit may be set by considering future power conditions in the area where the battery 100 is used. For example, the value notifying part 260 may predict the future purchase price and sale price of electricity based on the future prediction of the photovoltaic power generation amount and the fluctuation of the purchase price of natural energy in the area where the battery 100 is used, to calculate the profit that the battery 100 generates in the future. In addition, in the area where the battery 100 is used, the profit that the battery 100 generates in the future can be calculated based on the future demand of the electric motorcycle that uses the battery 100.

The manner in which one owner 80 owns one battery 100 is described above. However, a manner in which one battery 100 is shared by a plurality of owners 80 may also be employed. In this case, consideration determination section 220 may determine a consideration corresponding to the investment ratio of the owner based on the profit generated in one battery 100.

Further, a manner in which a plurality of owners own a plurality of batteries may be employed. In this case, each time a set of charge and discharge occurs in any one battery, the reward determination section 220 may determine a reward corresponding to the investment ratio of the owner based on the benefit generated by the set of charge and discharge.

In addition, the above description has explained the profit calculation method in the case where the battery usage fee paid by the user 70 is determined by the metering system based on the amount of electricity supplied from the battery 100 to the user 70 or the loan period of the battery. However, it may also take a form capable of using the battery station 30 at a fixed usage fee regardless of the amount of electricity supplied from the battery 100 to the user 70 and the period of lending to the user 70. For example, when the battery station 30 can be used at a fixed usage fee of 1,000 yen per month, if the average of the number of times the battery is replaced per month is 10, the battery usage fee paid by the user 70 can be regarded as "100 yen". Therefore, the reward notification unit 240 may determine the benefit by considering the amount calculated from the fixed usage fee and the average number of times of battery replacement as the battery usage fee. Further, when the battery usage fee paid by the user 70 is determined by a combination of a basic usage fee of a fixed amount and a usage fee of a metering system corresponding to the amount of electricity and/or the loan period, the battery usage fee may also be calculated by a combination of the above-described calculation methods.

In addition, the owner 80 of the battery 100 may specify the battery usage fee. For example, the value determination section 210 may calculate the profit obtained by lending to the user 70 based on information specifying the amount of power supplied, the unit price of metering during lending, or the fixed usage charge of the battery, which are determined by the owner 80.

Further, information on charge and discharge of battery 100 may be transmitted directly from battery 100 to management server 20. For example, the battery 100 may transmit information indicating the SOC, the amount of charge power, the amount of discharge power of the battery 100, and the current location of the battery 100 to the management server 20. In this embodiment, the battery 100 may store at least a part of the information included in the usage event information and the transaction information in an internal recording medium. In this manner, battery station 30 can transmit information to management server 20 via battery 100 by writing information of user 70 or the like in battery 100. Further, the electric motorcycle 40 may also read information held in the battery 100 and transmit it to the management server 20.

In addition, it may take the form that the battery station 30 has at least a part of the functions of the management server 20. In this form, the battery station 30 may record at least a portion of the information contained in the usage event information and the transaction information by transmitting to the blockchain network 180. According to this aspect, the management cost of information for operating battery 100 may be reduced.

As described above, by replacing the battery system 10, it is possible to evaluate the appropriate consideration of the owner of the pay battery in a system powered from a battery owned by a third party.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a computer 2000, which may fully or partially embody various embodiments of the invention. The program installed in the computer 2000 can cause the computer 2000 to function as an apparatus such as the management server 20 according to the embodiment or each unit of the apparatus, execute an operation associated with the apparatus or each unit of the apparatus, and/or execute a process according to the embodiment or a step of the process. Such programs may be executed by CPU2012 in order to cause computer 2000 to perform the process flows described herein and the specific operations associated with some or all of the functional blocks of the block diagrams.

The computer 2000 according to the present embodiment includes a CPU2012 and a RAM2014, which are connected to each other via a main controller 2010. The computer 2000 further includes a ROM2026, a flash memory 2024, a communication interface 2022, and an input/output chip 2040. The ROM2026, the flash memory 2024, the communication interface 2022, and the input/output chip 2040 are connected to the main controller 2010 via the input/output controller 2020.

The CPU2012 operates in accordance with programs stored in the ROM2026 and the RAM2014, thereby controlling the respective units.

The communication interface 2022 communicates with other electronic devices via a network. The flash memory 2024 stores programs and data used by the CPU2012 in the computer 2000. The ROM2026 stores a startup program and the like executed by the computer 2000 when activated and/or a program dependent on the hardware of the computer 2000. The input/output chip 2040 may also connect various input/output units such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a monitor to the input/output controller 2020 via input/output ports such as a serial port, a parallel port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, a monitor port, a USB port, and an HDMI (registered trademark) port.

The program is provided via a nonvolatile computer-readable storage medium such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or usb disk, or a network. RAM2014, ROM2026, or flash memory 2024 are examples of computer-readable media. The program is installed to the flash memory 2024, the RAM2014, or the ROM2026, and executed by the CPU 2012. The information processing described in these programs is read by the computer 2000, and the cooperation between the programs and the various types of hardware resources described above is realized. The apparatus or method may be constituted by performing operations or processes on information in compliance with the use of the computer 2000.

For example, in the case of performing communication between the computer 2000 and an external device, the CPU2012 may execute a communication program loaded into the RAM2014, and instruct communication processing to the communication interface 2022 based on processing described in the communication program. The communication interface 2022 reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer processing area provided in a recording medium such as the RAM2014 and the flash memory 2024 under the control of the CPU2012, transmits the read transmission data to a network, and writes reception data received from the network into a reception buffer processing area provided in the recording medium or the like.

The CPU2012 can cause all or a necessary part of a file or a database stored in a recording medium such as the flash memory 2024 to be read into the RAM2014, and can execute various processes on data on the RAM 2014. The CPU2012 then writes the processed data back to the recording medium.

Various kinds of information such as various kinds of programs, data, tables, and databases may be saved to a recording medium and applied to information processing. The CPU2012 can execute various processes described in this specification including various operations specified by an instruction sequence of a program, information processing, condition judgment, conditional branching, unconditional branching, retrieval/replacement of information, and the like on data read from the RAM2014, and write the results back to the RAM 2014. In addition, the CPU2012 can retrieve information in files, databases, etc., within the recording medium. For example, when a plurality of items each having an attribute value of the 1 st attribute associated with an attribute value of the 2 nd attribute are stored in the recording medium, the CPU2012 may retrieve an item that matches the condition, which specifies an attribute value of the 1 st attribute, from among the plurality of items, and read the attribute value of the 2 nd attribute stored in the item, thereby acquiring the attribute value of the 2 nd attribute associated with the 1 st attribute satisfying the preset condition.

The programs or software modules described above may be stored on a computer readable medium on or near the computer 2000. A recording medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the internet can be used as the computer-readable medium. The program stored in the computer-readable medium can be provided to the computer 2000 via a network.

A program that is installed in the computer 2000 and causes the computer 2000 to function as the management server 20 may be operated in the CPU2012 and the like, and causes the computer 2000 to function as each unit of the management server 20. The information processing described in these programs is read into the computer 2000, and functions as specific means in which software and the various hardware resources described above cooperate, that is, the value specifying unit 210, the reward specifying unit 220, the reward providing unit 230, the reward notification unit 240, the recording unit 250, the value notification unit 260, and the use event information acquisition unit 270. By using these specific means, the calculation or processing of information corresponding to the purpose of use of the computer 2000 in the present embodiment is realized, and a unique management server 20 corresponding to the purpose of use is constructed.

Various embodiments have been described with reference to block diagrams and the like. In the block diagram, each functional block may represent (1) a step of a process of performing an operation or (2) each unit of an apparatus having a function of performing an operation. The specific steps and elements may be implemented by dedicated circuitry, programmable circuitry supplied together with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, and/or a processor supplied together with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. The application specific circuits may comprise digital and/or analog hardware circuits, and may comprise Integrated Circuits (ICs) and/or discrete circuits. The programmable circuit may comprise a reconstructable hardware circuit that includes memory elements, such as logic AND, logic OR, logic XOR, logic NAND, logic NOR, AND other logic operations, flip-flops, registers, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), AND the like.

A computer readable medium may comprise any tangible device capable of holding instructions for execution by a suitable device and, as a result, the computer readable medium with the instructions held therein forms at least a portion of an article of manufacture comprising instructions executable to implement a means for performing operations specified in the process flow or block diagrams. As examples of the computer readable medium, an electronic storage medium, a magnetic storage medium, an optical storage medium, an electromagnetic storage medium, a semiconductor storage medium, and the like may be included. As more specific examples of the computer-readable medium, floppy disks (registered trademark), floppy disks, hard disks, Random Access Memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs or flash memories), electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs), Static Random Access Memories (SRAMs), compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs), Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), blu-Ray (RTM) discs, memory sticks, integrated circuit cards, and the like may be included.

The computer-readable instructions may include assembler instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-trusted instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, or any combination of 1 or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, JAVA (registered trademark), C + +, or the like, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or the same programming language.

The computer readable instructions may be provided to a processor or programmable circuitry of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus via a Wide Area Network (WAN), such as a local or Local Area Network (LAN), the internet, or the like, which may execute computer readable instructions to implement elements for performing the operations specified in the flowchart or block diagram block or blocks. Examples of processors include computer processors, processing units, microprocessors, digital signal processors, controllers, microcontrollers, and the like.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the above embodiments. In addition, the matters described with respect to a specific embodiment can be applied to other embodiments within the scope not inconsistent with the technology. It is apparent from the description of the claims that such modifications and improvements can be made within the technical scope of the present invention.

Note that the order of execution of the respective processes such as the operations, flows, steps, and steps in the devices, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, the description, and the drawings is not particularly explicitly indicated as "preceding" or "preceding", and may be realized in any order as long as the output of the preceding process is not used in the subsequent process. Even if the description is made using "first", "next", and the like for convenience in the operation flows in the claims, the description, and the drawings, it does not mean that the operations are necessarily performed in this order.

[ description of reference numerals ]

10 replacement battery system

11 operators

20 management server

30 battery station

40 electric motorcycle

70 user

80 owner

82 owner terminal

100 cell

160 electric power network

150 supplier of electric power

180 blockchain network

190 communication network

200 function block

210 value determination section

220 reward determination part

230 reward provider

240 reward notification part

250 recording part

260 value notification unit

270 using an event information acquiring unit

290 storage part

2000 computer

2010 main controller

2012 CPU

2014 RAM

2020 input/output controller

2022 communication interface

2024 flash memory

2026 ROM

2040 input/output chip.

Claims

1. A management system is provided with:

a storage unit that stores identification information of a battery in association with identification information of an owner of the battery;

a value determination section that determines a value resulting from the discharging and charging of the battery each time the discharging and charging of the battery is performed; and

a reward determination section that determines a reward provided to an owner of the battery based on the value determined by the value determination section each time discharge and charge of the battery are performed.

2. The management system of claim 1,

and a reward providing unit that provides the reward determined by the reward determining unit to the owner each time the discharging and charging of the battery is performed.

3. The management system according to claim 1 or 2,

and a reward notification unit configured to notify the owner of the reward determined by the reward determination unit each time the discharging and charging of the battery are performed.

4. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the value determination portion determines the value based on a difference between a cost paid by a user of the battery for use of the battery and a cost by which the user charges an amount of electricity output from the battery during use of the battery.

5. The management system of claim 4,

the battery is detachably connected to a device that consumes electric power, and is charged by a charging and discharging facility in a state of being detached from the device.

6. The management system of claim 5,

the value determination portion determines the value based on a difference between the cost paid by the user and a cost for charging the battery with the charge and discharge facility only an amount of electricity output from the battery during a period of use of the battery.

7. The management system according to claim 5 or 6,

the charge and discharge facility discharges the electric power accumulated in the battery to the outside,

the value determination portion determines the value based on a difference between a cost obtained by discharging electric power from the battery to the outside of the charge and discharge facility and a cost for charging only the discharged amount of electricity to the battery with the charge and discharge facility.

8. The management system according to any one of claims 5 to 7,

the battery management system further includes a recording unit that records history information of the charging and/or discharging of the battery in association with the identification information of the battery each time the charging and/or discharging of the battery is performed.

9. The management system of claim 8,

the recording section includes the cost related to the charging and/or discharging of the battery in the history information each time the charging and/or discharging of the battery is performed.

10. The management system according to claim 8 or 9,

the recording unit records the history information by a block chain.

11. The management system according to any one of claims 8 to 10,

the system further includes a value notification unit that predicts information indicating a value that has not been generated by the battery based on the history information recorded by the recording unit and notifies the owner of the information.

12. The management system according to any one of claims 5 to 11,

the apparatus is a vehicle and the apparatus is,

the charging and discharging facility receives a first battery used in the vehicle and provides a user of the vehicle with a second battery charged by the charging and discharging facility.

13. A system for replacing a battery, comprising:

the management system of claim 12; and

the charging and discharging facility.

14. A program for causing a computer to function as: