CN114304070A - Method and device for detecting bee mite infection rate - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting bee mite infection rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114304070A CN114304070A CN202111520844.5A CN202111520844A CN114304070A CN 114304070 A CN114304070 A CN 114304070A CN 202111520844 A CN202111520844 A CN 202111520844A CN 114304070 A CN114304070 A CN 114304070A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 201000002266 mite infestation Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001558516 Varroa destructor Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000895650 Varroa jacobsoni Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000087 hemolymph Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sodium alkyl benzene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of bee breeding, in particular to a method and a device for detecting bee mite infection rate. The method comprises the following steps: placing the bee colony to be detected in a sampling cup, wherein the cup bottom of the sampling cup is net-shaped, and the aperture is 50-70 meshes; adding washing powder into a counting cup, and placing the sampling cup into the counting cup; adding water into the sampling cup to enable the distance between the water surface and the cup mouth of the sampling cup to be 1-2 cm; shaking sufficiently to enable bee mites in the bee colony to be detected to enter the counting cup. The invention separates the bee mites parasitizing to the bees by the sampling cup and the counting cup, and can accurately and quickly reflect the bee mite infection condition of the whole bee colony. The used tool is small and exquisite, is cheap to carry, and the cost is low, and the operation method is simple and convenient, can bring the sample back to the laboratory operation, can be fast, batch-wise detect a large amount of samples, save time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bee breeding, in particular to a method and a device for detecting bee mite infection rate.
Background
The bees are important economic insects, and the social benefit and the ecological benefit of bee breeding are very obvious. The effect of bees on the sustainable development of the ecological environment is mainly embodied in the pollination aspect of the flowering plants, the propagation of the flowering plants is ensured, the diversity of plants and pollinating insects is realized, and the method is an important condition for keeping ecological balance and ecological sustainable development.
The varroa destructor is the most serious enemy harmful to the health of bees and is a prominent problem in bee breeding production. The varroa destructor is parasitic mite outside the bee body, is a large enemy of the domesticated bee, and is found to be parasitic on some varieties of western bees and eastern bees at present. The varroa jacobsoni parasitizes on adult bee bodies to suck body fluid (hemolymph), and when the varroa jacobsoni is slightly harmful, bee collection is influenced, so that bees are deformed, wings are rolled, and the service life is shortened; in severe cases, a large number of pupae in the bee colony can not emerge, new bees can not be produced, the colony vigor is reduced, even the whole colony dies, serious loss is brought to the bee colony, and the bee-keeping benefit is remarkably reduced.
The main method for preventing varroa destructor is a chemical method at present, but the use of the dosage is critical. If the dosage is too much, the newly emerged worker bees are damaged, and chemical medicine residues in bee products are caused; the dosage is too small, and the effect of removing mites cannot be achieved. Therefore, mastering the bee mite infection rate of bee colonies is very key for guiding the application of the bee mite prevention and treatment of the bee colonies.
In addition, the detection of bee mite infestations in different bee colonies is also the main method for identifying mite-resistant bee colonies.
The bee is small, the number of worker bees in a bee colony is large, the size of the large bee mite is smaller, the large bee mites are collected from the bee colony, and the statistics of the bee mite infection rate is time-consuming and labor-consuming. Heretofore, researchers used frosting to detect the infection of bee mites in bee colonies, and the main content of the method is to take about 100 bees from the bee colonies to be detected, put the bees into a detection cup, add frosting, shake, take out the bees, and count the number of the bee mites in the frosting. The method can detect bee mite infection of bee colony, but has the disadvantages of needing to operate the detection samples one by one and having to operate on the sampling site. Each sample requires about 30 minutes of testing time to remove the sampling process, and in the case of a large number of samples to be tested, a large amount of time is consumed; meanwhile, when the bee field is located in a remote area, if all detection tasks cannot be completed in the same day, the bee field needs to be repeatedly returned, and manpower and material resources are consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for detecting bee mite infection rate, which can efficiently and accurately detect the bee mite infection rate of a bee colony by adopting a random simple sampling method and accurately reflect the bee mite infection condition of the whole bee colony.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of detecting bee mite infestation rate, comprising:
placing the bee colony to be detected in a sampling cup, wherein the cup bottom of the sampling cup is net-shaped, and the aperture is 50-70 meshes;
adding washing powder into a counting cup, and placing the sampling cup into the counting cup;
adding water into the sampling cup to enable the distance between the water surface and the cup mouth of the sampling cup to be 1-2 cm;
shaking sufficiently to enable bee mites in the bee colony to be detected to enter the counting cup.
The aperture of the bottom of the sampling cup is 50-70 meshes, so that bees cannot enter the counting cup through the bottom of the cup under the condition, and bee mites can be counted without being blocked.
The washing powder is added into the counting cup, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate in the washing powder has a poisoning effect, pests can be poisoned and killed when entering the bee mite body through a respiratory tract, meanwhile, the washing powder solution has wetting and spreading properties, can dissolve wax on the surface of the bee mite and is attached to the bee mite body, and an airtight film is quickly formed on the surface of the bee mite to suffocate and kill the bee mite. Effectively improves the separation efficiency of bees infected with the bee mites and the bee mites.
Furthermore, the aperture of the sampling cup is 55-65 meshes.
Further, the fully shaking is carried out for 30-60 minutes by adopting a shaking table under the condition of 30-60 revolutions per minute.
Further, the rim of the sampling cup also comprises a rim; the width of the edge is 1-3 cm.
Further, the washing powder is alkaline washing powder or neutral washing powder;
furthermore, the content of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the washing powder is 20-30%.
Further, the washing powder is packaged by water-soluble paper.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a bee mite separating device, a sampling cup and a counting cup;
the cup bottom of the sampling cup is net-shaped, and the aperture is 50-70 meshes; the sampling cup further comprises an outer rim;
the cup mouths of the sampling cup and the counting cup face the same direction, and the outer edge of the sampling cup is positioned above the cup mouth of the counting cup.
Further, the outer diameter of the sampling cup is smaller than the inner diameter of the counting cup; the height of the sampling cup is smaller than that of the counting cup.
Further, the outer edge is 1-3 cm; and/or the counting cup is a cylindrical body with a sealed bottom.
Furthermore, the counting cup can be a column body with various shapes, such as a cylinder, a square column body or an irregular column body, as long as the outer edge capacity of the sampling cup can be lapped on the cup mouth of the counting cup.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method adopts a specific sampling cup and a method of randomly and simply sampling in a counting cup bee colony to detect the infection condition of 500 bee mites, counts the infection rate of the bee mites in the bee colony, and can accurately reflect the bee mite infection condition of the whole bee colony.
The invention has the advantages of small and exquisite tools, low cost, convenient operation method, quick batch detection of a large amount of samples and time saving, is portable and cheap, and can bring the samples back to a laboratory for operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sampling cup and a counting cup provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
This example provides a method for detecting bee mite infestation rate, comprising
1. Experimental materials:
cup a (sampling cup): for sampling. The cup is cylindrical, has a diameter of 9.6cm and a height of 15cm, is provided with a cover, and can be screwed and sealed by covering. The bottom of the cup is provided with a screen mesh with the specification of 60 meshes. The cup mouth is provided with a circle of edge which protrudes by 1 cm. Holding the sampling cup, 50g (about 500) bees are taken.
Cup B (counting cup): for detection. The cup is cylindrical, the diameter of the bottom of the cup is 10cm, and the height of the cup is 20 cm. The bottom is a closed solid bottom and the top is open.
Schematic diagrams of the A cup and the B cup are shown in FIG. 1.
A laundry powder bag: 3-3.5 g of daily washing powder is packaged by water-soluble paper. After water is added into the counting cup, the dilution factor is about 500 times.
2. The experimental process comprises the following steps:
(1) and putting the cup A into the cup B, and putting a laundry powder bag into the cup B.
(2) And weighing and numbering the A cup.
(3) About 50g bees were randomly extracted from the colony using a cups. Taking 50g bees from a group of bees, namely, one group of bees corresponds to one A cup, marking the number of the bee group on the A cup, and simultaneously making a record.
(4) Weighing and calculating the number of bees, wherein 1g is approximately equal to 10 bees, and the number of bees is equal to (gross weight-A cup weight) multiplied by 10;
(5) the cup A can be stored in a refrigerator at minus 20 ℃ for subsequent detection, and can also be directly used for subsequent detection;
(6) putting the cup A into the cup B, adding water into the cup A, wherein the horizontal plane is 1-2 cm away from the cup opening;
(7) the A cups can be placed on a shaking table in batches, the shaking table is opened, the speed of the shaking table is 45 rpm, and the time is 30 minutes;
(8) after shaking is finished, taking the cup A out of the cup B, keeping the bees in the cup A continuously, and keeping the bee mites in the cup B;
(9) counting the number of bee mites in the B cup, and calculating the bee mite infection rate of the bee colony by using the following formula:
example 2
Based on the method described in example 1, this example performed a multi-batch experiment, compared to the conventional icing counting method, and the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 bee mite infestation Rate comparison results
From the above table, it can be seen that the result of the method of the embodiment 1 of the present invention for detecting bee mite infestation rate is approximately consistent with the conventional icing counting method, but the method of the embodiment 1 of the present invention has higher detection efficiency, all detection results can be obtained in only 30 minutes, and the method has higher detection efficiency and high result accuracy.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting bee mite infestation rates, comprising:
placing the bee colony to be detected in a sampling cup, wherein the cup bottom of the sampling cup is net-shaped, and the aperture is 50-70 meshes;
adding washing powder into a counting cup, and placing the sampling cup into the counting cup;
adding water into the sampling cup to enable the distance between the water surface and the cup mouth of the sampling cup to be 1-2 cm;
shaking sufficiently to enable bee mites in the bee colony to be detected to enter the counting cup.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample cup has a pore size of 55 to 65 mesh.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficient shaking is performed by using a shaker at 30-60 rpm for 30-60 minutes.
4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the rim of the sampling cup further comprises a rim; the width of the edge is 1-3 cm.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:
and determining the bee mite infection rate according to the number of the bee mites in the counting cup and the number of the bee colonies to be detected.
6. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the laundry powder has a sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate content of from 20% to 30%.
7. A bee mite separator, characterized by, includes: a sampling cup and a counting cup;
the cup bottom of the sampling cup is net-shaped, and the aperture is 55-65 meshes; the sampling cup further comprises an outer rim;
the cup mouths of the sampling cup and the counting cup face the same direction, and the outer edge of the sampling cup is positioned above the cup mouth of the counting cup.
8. The bee mite separating apparatus of claim 7 wherein the sampling cup has an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the counting cup; the height of the sampling cup is smaller than that of the counting cup.
9. The bee mite separating device of claim 7 or 8, wherein the outer edge is 1-3 cm; and/or the counting cup is a cylindrical body with a sealed bottom.
10. Use of a bee mite separation apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9 for detecting bee mite infestation rates of bee colonies.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111520844.5A CN114304070A (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Method and device for detecting bee mite infection rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111520844.5A CN114304070A (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Method and device for detecting bee mite infection rate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114304070A true CN114304070A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| CN202111520844.5A Pending CN114304070A (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Method and device for detecting bee mite infection rate |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030190860A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-09 | Vanderpool Harry E. | Separating parasites from bees |
| CN102511409A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Device for breeding bees and application |
| CN105707056A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-29 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Device and method for collecting and preventing varroa mites in swarm |
| CN205884428U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-01-18 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Survey medicine is to device of big bee mite toxicity |
| CN106719463A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | The detection method and device of a kind of honeybee mite infestationss rate |
| CN108990842A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-14 | 桐梓县宏星养蜂专业合作社 | A kind of bee raising container |
| CN113678794A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method, device and application of bee mite-resistant bee species |
-
2021
- 2021-12-13 CN CN202111520844.5A patent/CN114304070A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030190860A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-09 | Vanderpool Harry E. | Separating parasites from bees |
| CN102511409A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Device for breeding bees and application |
| CN105707056A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-29 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Device and method for collecting and preventing varroa mites in swarm |
| CN205884428U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-01-18 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Survey medicine is to device of big bee mite toxicity |
| CN106719463A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | The detection method and device of a kind of honeybee mite infestationss rate |
| CN108990842A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-14 | 桐梓县宏星养蜂专业合作社 | A kind of bee raising container |
| CN113678794A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method, device and application of bee mite-resistant bee species |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 王德民等: "《农药实用技术大全》", 31 October 1987, 天津科学技术出版社 * |
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