CN114143673B - Screen directional sounding device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Screen directional sounding device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114143673B CN114143673B CN202111431625.XA CN202111431625A CN114143673B CN 114143673 B CN114143673 B CN 114143673B CN 202111431625 A CN202111431625 A CN 202111431625A CN 114143673 B CN114143673 B CN 114143673B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/08—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers separated by air or other fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
- H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/003—Mems transducers or their use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a screen directional sounding device and a preparation method thereof. In one embodiment, the screen oriented sound generating apparatus includes: the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel and set up in the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer of the light-emitting side that deviates from of flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, electrostatic ultrasonic transducer is including base plate, first electrode, support column and the second electrode of range upon range of setting, the support column is used for first electrode with form between the second electrode and shake the chamber, second electrode fixed connection flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, the second electrode with flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel constitutes electrostatic ultrasonic transducer's vibrating diaphragm. According to the embodiment, the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, so that the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel has the integrity and the thinness, and the screen orientation generating device is thinned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display. More particularly, to a screen directional sounding device and a method of manufacturing the same.
Background
Along with the increase of audiovisual scenes, the directional sound technology has been developed, the emitted sound energy is concentrated through the modulation of the audio signal and the ultrasonic carrier signal, the audible sound wave with strong directivity is formed, the rule of sound propagation to all directions is broken, and an independent audio space without disturbing the surrounding environment is created.
At present, when the directional audio transmission technology is applied to the reflective liquid crystal display, the main mode is to externally mount the directional audio transmission device (ultrasonic transducer) on the reflective liquid crystal display, which results in the increase of the thickness of the whole device formed by the directional audio transmission device and the reflective liquid crystal display, and gaps are easily generated between the directional audio transmission device and the reflective liquid crystal display, so that the attractive appearance and the service life of the whole device are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screen directional sounding device and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the present invention provides a screen directional sounding apparatus, comprising:
the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel and set up in the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer of the light-emitting side that deviates from of flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, electrostatic ultrasonic transducer is including base plate, first electrode, support column and the second electrode of range upon range of setting, the support column is used for first electrode with form between the second electrode and shake the chamber, second electrode fixed connection flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, the second electrode with flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel constitutes electrostatic ultrasonic transducer's vibrating diaphragm.
Optionally, the thickness of the second electrode is nano-scale.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a first auxiliary metal electrode disposed on the second electrode and facing the support column, the first auxiliary metal electrode includes a first metal frame, the first metal frame is formed on an edge of the second electrode, and the first auxiliary metal electrode, the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the first auxiliary metal electrode further includes a first metal grid line disposed in the first metal frame and connected to the first metal frame.
Optionally, the thickness of the first electrode is micro-scale or nano-scale.
Optionally, in the case that the thickness of the first electrode is nano-scale, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a second auxiliary metal electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode facing the support column, the second auxiliary metal electrode including a second metal frame formed at an edge of the first electrode.
Optionally, the second auxiliary metal electrode further includes a second metal grid line disposed in the second metal frame and connected to the second metal frame.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises an electrical connection part, and a first electrode lead and a second electrode lead which are arranged on the same layer with the second metal frame;
the first metal frame is connected with the second lead through the electric connection part;
the second metal frame is connected with the first lead;
the first lead and the second lead are respectively used for connecting external electrodes.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a first insulating layer disposed on the support column and facing the first electrode side and/or a second insulating layer facing the second electrode side, where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer includes the second insulating layer, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a frame glue layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a projection of the frame glue layer on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is covered by a projection of the first metal frame on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the frame glue layer is provided with at least one air circulation channel so as to enable the vibration cavity to be communicated with an external space;
the frame glue layer comprises a plurality of frame glue units, an air circulation channel is arranged between two adjacent frame glue units, a blocking unit parallel to the frame glue units is arranged on one side, close to the supporting column, of each air circulation channel, and the width of each blocking unit is larger than that of each air circulation channel;
the end part of one side of the frame glue unit facing the blocking unit is provided with a first extension part,
the end part of one side of the blocking unit facing the frame glue unit is provided with a second extension part,
two second extending parts are arranged between the two first extending parts arranged on the same frame glue unit, and the two second extending parts are arranged on different blocking units; two first extending parts are arranged between two second extending parts arranged on the same blocking unit, and the two first extending parts are arranged on different frame glue units.
Optionally, the substrate is a glass substrate.
Optionally, the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel includes an array substrate, a color film substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color film substrate;
optionally, the array substrate and the color film substrate respectively have at least one of the following properties: a tensile strength of greater than 81MPa, a Young's modulus of greater than or equal to 2.7GPa, a glass transition temperature of greater than 380 ℃, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 40ppm/k in a temperature range of 100 ℃ to 350 ℃;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5;
the thickness of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is less than 50 mu m;
the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer is 4 mu m;
the array substrate comprises a substrate, and a driving circuit layer, a resin protruding layer and a reflecting layer which are stacked on the substrate.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a screen directional sounding apparatus, including:
and forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain the screen directional sounding device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a laminated mode, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the forming the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel includes:
forming a second electrode on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain a first structure;
forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support column on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
and fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the support column and the second electrode which are arranged in a laminated mode.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, namely, the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel is used as a vibrating electrode unit of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer, so that the whole screen can vibrate and sound, and the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel has the integrity and the thinness, and is thinned.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a screen oriented sound device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic view showing the structure of a first auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram showing another structure of the first auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a second auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram showing another structure of the second auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a schematic view showing another structure of the second auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing another structure of the second auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 to 9 are schematic structural diagrams of a support column layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing flow of a screen directional sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing flow of a partial screen orientation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a manufacturing flow of another part of the screen orientation generating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The terms "on … …", "formed on … …" and "disposed on … …" as used herein may mean that one layer is formed directly on or disposed on another layer, or that one layer is formed indirectly on or disposed on another layer, i.e., that other layers are present between the two layers.
It should be noted that although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, elements, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, elements, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used to distinguish one component, member, element, region, layer and/or section from another. Thus, for example, a first component, a first member, a first element, a first region, a first layer, and/or a first portion discussed below could be termed a second component, a second member, a second element, a second region, a second layer, and/or a second portion without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the term "co-layer arrangement" is used to mean that two layers, components, members, elements or portions may be formed by the same manufacturing process (e.g., patterning process, etc.), and that the two layers, components, members, elements or portions are generally formed of the same material. For example, the two or more functional layers are arranged in the same layer, meaning that the functional layers arranged in the same layer may be formed using the same material layer and the same manufacturing process, so that the manufacturing process of the display substrate may be simplified.
In the present invention, the expression "patterning process" generally includes the steps of coating of photoresist, exposure, development, etching, stripping of photoresist, and the like, unless otherwise specified. The expression "one patterning process" means a process of forming a patterned layer, feature, component, etc. using a single mask.
At present, a reflective liquid crystal display (Reflective Liquid Crystal Display, RLCD) adopts a metal (aluminum or silver, etc.) reflective layer manufactured on a TFT surface, and displays through incidence and reflection of external natural light and the addition of lambda/2 and lambda/4 wave plates in a polaroid, without backlight, energy saving and eye protection. However, the thickness of the polarizer is thicker due to the addition of the lambda/2 and lambda/4 wave plates, which is unfavorable for the light and thin of the display device.
Dichroic dyes are added into the liquid crystal, the dyes are distributed along the molecular direction of the liquid crystal, light parallel to the direction of the dyes can be transmitted, vertical light is absorbed, and the functions of a polarizer and a wave plate can be replaced by adjusting the thickness of a Cell (Cell Gap). The dye liquid crystal is adopted to replace the traditional TN liquid crystal, and display can be realized without a polaroid. As shown in the upper half of fig. 1, the TFT-side reflective layer is planar, the reflective display effect is poor, and it is only visible in a specific reflective light direction, and a layer of scattering film must be attached to the Cell surface to enable normal display, where the TFT structure includes an active region 11, a gate 14, and the like, a pixel electrode 15 connected to the source or drain of the TFT structure, the pixel electrode 15 is formed on a resin layer 16, the pixel electrode 15 is covered with a reflective metal layer 13, and the reflective metal layer 13 is planar.
Instead of the scattering film, a resin bump structure shown in the lower half of fig. 1 is used, and unlike the upper half of fig. 1, the lower half of fig. 1 has a resin bump layer 16' with irregular bumps formed by making irregular bumps with resin under the reflective layer of the TFT, so that the reflective metal layer 13 plated later also has irregular bumps, thereby achieving diffuse reflection of light. The structure can replace the scattering film, the surface of the Cell can be normally displayed without sticking a scattering film, and the thickness of the display device is further reduced.
Through comprehensive analysis and judgment, the inventor finds that the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel can be used as a vibration electrode unit of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer so as to enable the whole screen to vibrate and sound, wherein the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel replaces a polaroid through dye liquid crystal, and the screen with reduced thickness can meet the requirement of directional sound vibration.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a screen directional sound generating apparatus, including:
the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel 2 and set up in the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 of the light-emitting side that deviates from of reflection type liquid crystal display panel 2, electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 includes base plate 101, first electrode 102, support column 105 and the second electrode 109 of range upon range of setting, the support column is used for first electrode with form between the second electrode and shake the chamber, second electrode 109 fixed connection flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel 2, second electrode 109 with flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel 2 constitutes electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1's vibrating diaphragm. Therefore, the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, namely, the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel is used as a vibrating electrode unit of the electrostatic type ultrasonic transducer, so that the whole screen can vibrate and sound, and the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel has the integrity, the thinness and the thinness, and the screen orientation generating device is thinned.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is on the order of nanometers. The thinner the diaphragm, the smaller the force required to drive the diaphragm to vibrate, and thus, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is on the order of nanometers, for example, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers, which is advantageous for vibrating the diaphragm. For example, the second electrode 109 may be a metal oxide electrode of a material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO), or a metal electrode, and if a metal electrode is used, a thickness of a nano-scale may be achieved through a sputtering process.
In one possible implementation, since the second electrode 109 having a thickness of nanometer scale is difficult to meet the requirement for the electrode resistance value, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes: the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 is disposed on the side of the second electrode 109 facing the support column 105, the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 includes a first metal frame 1081, the first metal frame 1081 is formed on the edge of the second electrode 109, as shown in fig. 3a, and the first auxiliary metal electrode 108, the second electrode 109 and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 form a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
Further, in one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 3b, the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 further includes a first metal grid line 1082 disposed in the first metal frame 1081 and connected to the first metal frame 1081, and the driving signal sent by the chip is given to the second electrode 109 with a thickness of nanometer through the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid line 1082, so that the signal transmission speed is faster and more uniform, and delay can be reduced. In addition, since the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is adopted in the embodiment, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 is arranged away from the light emitting side, so that the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid line 1082 do not influence light emitting, are not limited by a frame, and the first metal frame 1081 can be properly widened to further reduce resistance, thereby being beneficial to impedance matching of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
In one specific example, the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid lines 1082 may be prepared using a silver paste printing process or a copper (Cu) plating followed by a yellow light process.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the first electrode 102 is micro-scale or nano-scale. For example, the first electrode 102 has a thickness of 1 micron to 10 microns, or 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers. For example, the first electrode 102 may be a metal oxide electrode of a material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO), or a metal electrode.
If the thickness of the first electrode 102 is in the micrometer scale, the first electrode 102 may meet the requirement for the electrode resistance. If the thickness of the first electrode 102 is on the order of nanometers, since the first electrode 102 with the thickness on the order of nanometers is difficult to meet the requirement on the electrode resistance value, in one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes: and a second auxiliary metal electrode 103 disposed on the side of the first electrode 102 facing the support column 105, the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 including a second metal frame 1031, the second metal frame 1031 being formed at an edge of the first electrode 102.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes an electrical connection 1034 formed by, for example, conductive glue, and a first lead 1032 and a second electrode lead 1033 disposed in the same layer as the second metal frame 1031 of the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 connected to the first electrode 102 with a thickness of nanometer, the first lead 1032 and the second lead 1033 being respectively used for connecting an external electrode, the second metal frame 1031 of the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 being connected to the first lead 1032, the first metal frame 1081 of the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 being connected to the second electrode lead 1033 by an electrical connection 1034, after bonding, a signal given by the external electrode may be given to the first electrode 102 by the first electrode lead 1032, the second metal frame 1031 (and the second metal grid line), and a signal given by the external electrode may be given to the second electrode 109 by the second electrode lead 1033, the electrical connection 1034 and the first metal frame 1081 (and the first metal grid line 1082), wherein the signal given by the external electrode is given to the first electrode 109 and the second electrode 109 independently.
Further, the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 are formed on one side of the first electrode 102, so that bonding electrodes for connecting with external electrodes are integrated on one side, on one hand, the manufacture of the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 can be facilitated, and the process difficulty is reduced; on the other hand, the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 are integrated on one side and are arranged on the same layer, so that the thickness of the display device is prevented from being increased due to the fact that the two electrode leads are arranged independently, and the thickness of the screen directional sounding device can be reduced.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 further includes a second metal grid line 1035 disposed in the second metal frame 1031 and connected to the second metal frame 1031.
Similar to the function of the first auxiliary metal electrode 108, the driving signal sent by the chip is given to the first electrode 102 with the nano-scale thickness through the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid line 1035, so that the signal transmission speed is faster and more uniform, and the delay can be reduced. In addition, since the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is adopted in the embodiment, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 is arranged away from the light emitting side, so that the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid lines 1035 do not affect the light emitting, are not limited by the frame, and the second metal frame 1031 can be properly widened to further reduce the resistance, which is beneficial to the impedance matching of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1. In a specific example, the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid lines 1035 may be prepared using a silver paste printing process or a copper (Cu) plating followed by a yellow light process.
In a possible implementation, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further comprises a first insulating layer 104 arranged on the side of the support column 105 facing the first electrode 102 and/or a second insulating layer 107 facing the second electrode 109, wherein in case the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 comprises the second insulating layer 107, the second electrode 109 and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
Wherein the first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107 may avoid that an electrical connection between the first electrode layer 102 and the second electrode layer 109 results in a short circuit, in particular that the second electrode layer 109 may appear as part of the diaphragm when vibrating.
In a specific example, the first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107 may each be an inorganic insulating layer or an organic insulating layer, wherein the thickness of the organic insulating layer needs to be set to, for example, 10 μm to 30 μm.
In one possible implementation, the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 109 may be integral electrodes, respectively, or may be partitioned according to the number of signal channels.
In a specific example, the height of the support column 105 is set to 8 μm-30 μm, for example, and the shape may be a cylinder, a square, or other shape.
In a possible implementation manner, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes a sealant layer 106 disposed between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 109, a projection of the sealant layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is covered by a projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, and the sealant layer 106 is provided with at least one air circulation channel so that the vibration cavity communicates with an external space. The frame adhesive layer 106 is used for realizing adhesion and fixation between the vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer and the side of the first electrode 102 facing the support column 105, and the wider the frame adhesive layer 106 is, the larger the vibration ineffective area that cannot vibrate is. Since the vibration effect of the edge region of the second electrode 109 corresponding to the first metal frame 1081 is already affected, the edge region of the second electrode 109 corresponding to the first metal frame 1081 may not be used as an effective vibration region, and thus, the width of the sealant layer 106 is limited to be equal to or smaller than the width of the first metal frame 1081, that is, the projection of the sealant layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is covered by the projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, and the influence of the sealant layer 106 on the vibration effect may be minimized. In addition, the frame glue layer 106 is too narrow to affect the adhesion, so further, the width of the frame glue layer 106 may be set to be equal to the width of the first metal frame 1081, that is, the projection of the frame glue layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is overlapped by the projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, as shown in fig. 2, where the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 shown in fig. 2 includes only the first metal frame 1081 and the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 includes only the second metal frame 1031.
In the case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 includes the first insulating layer 104 provided on the support column 105 on the side facing the first electrode 102 and the second insulating layer 107 provided on the side facing the second electrode 109 as shown in fig. 2, the sealant layer 106 is provided between the first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107, so as to achieve adhesion fixation of the diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer and the second insulating layer 107 on the side facing the support column 105.
In one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 6, the frame glue layer 106 includes a plurality of frame glue units 1061, and an air circulation channel is disposed between two adjacent frame glue units 1061, that is, the frame glue layer 106 is a segmented frame glue, each of the air circulation channels is disposed on a side, close to the support column, of the frame glue unit 1061, with a blocking unit 1062 parallel to the frame glue unit 1061, and the width of the blocking unit 1062 is greater than the width of the air circulation channel, so as to block dust falling into the vibration chamber to affect the sounding effect.
Further, in one possible implementation manner, based on the structure shown in fig. 6, as shown in fig. 7, a first extension portion 1063 is disposed at an end portion of a side of the frame glue unit 1061 facing the blocking unit 1062, a second extension portion 1064 is disposed at an end portion of a side of the blocking unit 1062 facing the frame glue unit 1061, where two second extension portions 1064 are disposed between two first extension portions 1063 disposed on the same frame glue unit 1061, and two second extension portions 1064 are disposed on different blocking units 1062; two first extending portions 1063 are disposed between two second extending portions 1064 disposed on the same blocking unit 1062, and the two first extending portions 1063 are disposed on different frame glue units, so that air can successfully enter through an S-shaped channel when entering the vibration cavity through the air circulation channel, and dust can be further prevented from falling into the vibration cavity to affect the sound production effect.
Further, in one possible implementation manner, based on the structure shown in fig. 6, as shown in fig. 8, the sealant layer 106 includes a plurality of sealant units 1061, and an air circulation channel is disposed between two adjacent sealant units, one side of each air circulation channel, which is close to the support column, is provided with a blocking unit 1062 parallel to the sealant units 1061, one side of each blocking unit 1062, which is close to the support column, is provided with a second blocking unit 1065 parallel to the blocking units 1062 and staggered, and the width of each blocking unit is greater than that of each air circulation channel, so as to block dust falling into the vibration chamber and affecting the sounding effect.
Further, in a possible implementation manner, on the basis of the structure shown in fig. 8, as shown in fig. 9, the end portion of one side of the frame glue unit 1061 facing the blocking unit 1062 and the second blocking unit 1065 is provided with a first extension portion 1063, so that air needs to pass through a U-shaped channel to successfully enter when entering the vibration chamber through the air circulation channel, and thus, dust can be further prevented from falling into the vibration chamber to affect the sound effect.
In one possible implementation, the substrate 101 is a glass substrate;
in one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 includes an array substrate, a color film substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer 203 disposed between the array substrate and the color film substrate.
In a specific example, the substrate 201 of the array substrate is a flexible substrate such as a yellow PI film, and as shown in fig. 2, the array substrate includes a resin layer (not shown), a driving circuit layer 202 (thin film transistor layer), and a reflective metal layer (not shown) sequentially formed on the substrate 201. The substrate 205 of the color film substrate is a flexible substrate such as CPI film, TAC film, as shown in fig. 2, and the color film substrate includes a color film layer 204 formed on the substrate 205.
In one possible implementation manner, the array substrate needs to be made of a thin film material with good mechanical performance and thermal performance, and the color film substrate also has requirements on the optical performance on the basis of ensuring the mechanical performance and the thermal performance, then:
the array substrate and the color film substrate respectively have at least one of the following performances: a tensile strength of greater than 81MPa, a Young's modulus of greater than or equal to 2.7GPa, a glass transition temperature of greater than 380 ℃, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 40ppm/k in a temperature range of 100 ℃ to 350 ℃;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is less than 50 μm (thinner vibration sound effect is better);
further, the thicknesses of the array substrate and the color film substrate are required to be smaller than 25 μm respectively.
In one possible implementation, the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 is 4 μm. For the dye liquid crystal layer 203, since there is no polarizer, only the reflectivity and contrast ratio need to be satisfied, so the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 can be adjusted at will, and the reflectivity is low and the contrast ratio becomes high if the cell thickness is high. In combination, higher reflectance and contrast can be achieved by adjusting the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 to 4 μm.
In one possible implementation, similar to that shown in the lower half of fig. 1, the array substrate includes a substrate, and a driving circuit layer, a resin protrusion layer, and a reflective layer stacked on the substrate, the resin protrusion layer realizing diffuse reflection instead of the function of a diffusion film.
In a specific example, the Bump size of the resin Bump layer is set to 4 μm to 10 μm, the slope angle of the Bump is set to 4 ° to 12 °, and the Bump gap (Bump Space) is set to 4 μm to 7 μm.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the screen directional sound generating device provided in the above embodiment, the method including:
and forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain the screen directional sounding device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a laminated mode, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
As shown in fig. 10, the forming the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light-emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel includes:
s101, forming a second electrode on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain a first structure;
s102, forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support column on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
and S103, fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the support column and the second electrode which are arranged in a stacked manner.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 11, for the first structure, after forming the second electrode on the array substrate (TFT side substrate) of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel by, for example, a film plating process, a first auxiliary metal electrode including a first metal frame and a first metal grid line and a second insulating layer may be further formed on the second electrode facing away from the light emitting side, for example, a metal thin film may be formed on the second electrode, and a pattern of the first auxiliary metal electrode may be formed by a patterning process using a mask process, where the first auxiliary metal electrode includes a first metal frame and a first metal grid line located in and connected to the first metal frame, and the first metal frame is formed at an edge of the second electrode. And forming a second insulating layer on one side of the first auxiliary metal electrode and the second electrode, which is far away from the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, wherein the second insulating layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, or organic insulating materials such as crosslinked polyethylene or high-hardness ethylene propylene rubber, and optionally, the second insulating layer is made of a deposition process or a film coating process.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 12, for the second structure, a first electrode is formed on a substrate such as a Glass substrate (Glass) by a plating process, a second auxiliary metal electrode and a first insulating layer are formed on a side of the first electrode away from the Glass substrate, for example, a metal thin film is formed on the first electrode, a pattern of the second auxiliary metal electrode is formed by a patterning process using a mask process, the second auxiliary metal electrode includes a second metal frame and second metal grid lines located in and connected to the second metal frame, and the second metal frame is formed at an edge of the first electrode. And then forming a first insulating layer on the second auxiliary metal electrode and the first electrode, wherein the first insulating layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, or organic insulating materials such as crosslinked polyethylene or high-hardness ethylene propylene rubber, and the first insulating layer is made of a deposition process or a film coating process. And then, forming a support column (which can be called PS or Spacer dot) on the side, facing away from the glass substrate, of the first insulating layer through a patterning process by using a mask, wherein the support column is cylindrical or square, and the height of the support column is 8-30 mu m.
Continuing the previous example, after the first structure and the second structure are obtained, the first structure and the second structure can be adhered and fixed through the frame glue layer.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the materials of the functional layers are not limited to the above examples. The preparation of the screen directional sounding device is completed.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A screen directional sounding apparatus, comprising: the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel and set up in the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer of the light-emitting side that deviates from of flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, electrostatic ultrasonic transducer is including base plate, first electrode, support column and the second electrode of range upon range of setting, the support column is used for first electrode with form between the second electrode and shake the chamber, second electrode fixed connection flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, the second electrode with flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel constitutes electrostatic ultrasonic transducer's vibrating diaphragm.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second electrode is nano-scale.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a first auxiliary metal electrode disposed on a side of the second electrode facing the support post, the first auxiliary metal electrode comprising a first metal frame formed at an edge of the second electrode, the first auxiliary metal electrode, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constituting a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the first auxiliary metal electrode further comprises first metal gridlines disposed within and connected to the first metal frame.
5. A device according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the first electrode is micro-scale or nano-scale.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein in the case where the thickness of the first electrode is nano-scale, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a second auxiliary metal electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode facing the support column, the second auxiliary metal electrode comprising a second metal frame formed at an edge of the first electrode.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the second auxiliary metal electrode further comprises second metal gridlines disposed within and connected to the second metal frame.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises an electrical connection and first and second electrode leads disposed in a same layer as the second metal frame;
the first metal frame is connected with the second electrode lead through the electric connection part;
the second metal frame is connected with the first electrode lead;
the first electrode lead and the second electrode lead are respectively used for connecting an external electrode.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a first insulating layer disposed on a side of the support post facing the first electrode and/or a second insulating layer facing the second electrode, wherein the second insulating layer, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer in the case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises the second insulating layer.
10. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a frame glue layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a projection of the frame glue layer onto the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel being covered by a projection of the first metal frame onto the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, the frame glue layer being provided with at least one air flow channel to communicate the vibration cavity with an external space.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein the frame glue layer comprises a plurality of frame glue units, an air circulation channel is arranged between two adjacent frame glue units, a blocking unit parallel to the frame glue units is arranged on one side, close to the support column, of each air circulation channel, and the width of each blocking unit is larger than that of each air circulation channel.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the device comprises a plurality of sensors,
the end part of one side of the frame glue unit facing the blocking unit is provided with a first extension part,
the end part of one side of the blocking unit facing the frame glue unit is provided with a second extension part,
two second extending parts are arranged between the two first extending parts arranged on the same frame glue unit, and the two second extending parts are arranged on different blocking units; two first extending parts are arranged between two second extending parts arranged on the same blocking unit, and the two first extending parts are arranged on different frame glue units.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a glass substrate.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel comprises an array substrate, a color film substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color film substrate.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the array substrate and the color film substrate each have at least one of the following properties: a tensile strength of greater than 81MPa, a Young's modulus of greater than or equal to 2.7GPa, a glass transition temperature of greater than 380 ℃, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 40ppm/k in a temperature range of 100 ℃ to 350 ℃;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5.
16. The device of claim 14 or 15, wherein the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel has a thickness of less than 50 μm.
17. The device of claim 14, wherein the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer is 4 μm.
18. The device of claim 14, wherein the array substrate comprises a substrate and a driving circuit layer, a resin protrusion layer, and a reflective layer stacked on the substrate.
19. A method for manufacturing a screen directional sounding device, comprising:
and forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain the screen directional sounding device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a laminated mode, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on a light exit side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel comprises:
forming a second electrode on the light emitting side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel to obtain a first structure;
forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support column on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
and fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the support column and the second electrode which are arranged in a laminated mode.
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| CN115086830B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-03-26 | 苏州清听声学科技有限公司 | Directional display device and electronic device |
| CN114937428B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-07-25 | 苏州清听声学科技有限公司 | Vibrating layer tensioning process of directional sounding display screen |
| CN115220596B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-12-08 | 苏州清听声学科技有限公司 | Touch sounding display unit and device |
| CN115826300A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device |
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