CN114125574A - Unidirectional streaming media transmission method and system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/22—Adaptations for optical transmission
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Abstract
The invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission method and a system, comprising the following steps: a first central processing unit receives a streaming media data packet sent by an intranet streaming media and counts the received streaming media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data; when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, performing FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number to obtain encoded data packets; and sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coding data packet to a second central processing unit, and sending the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server by the second central processing unit. The invention carries out FEC coding on the RTP data packet of the media stream, encapsulates the coded redundant data into an RTP packet, transmits the RTP packet to the other end, and recovers through the redundant data after the other end detects packet loss, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and the end-to-end response speed of the transmission stream media.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a unidirectional streaming media transmission method and system.
Background
Some important network systems contain a large amount of sensitive information and confidential data, and are generally divided into different network security domains, such as a service network, a security network, an extranet and the like, according to different services and functions; there is a need for tight information exchange between these networks, and there is also a security problem with the information exchange.
At present, some devices have the functions of the above unidirectional transport stream media, such as a unidirectional import system (using an optical fiber), an optical gate (using a logic gate), etc., which are used as a general unidirectional data transmission system, when data transmission is implemented in the prior art, a large data packet is first split into N small data packets, each data packet is labeled and transmitted one by one, and when the data transmission passes through the other end, a channel label is combined to restore the original large data packet, so that unidirectional transmission is unreliable, packet loss is easy to occur, and in the case of transport stream media, as shown in fig. 2, according to the above process, a certain amount of data needs to be cached, then the data packets can be disassembled, labeled, and combined after passing through the other end, the whole packet of stream media data is provided to a stream media server to provide a stream media service for the other end. However, this method has problems of poor reliability of unidirectional transmission, slow transmission response, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above prior art problems, the present invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission method and system, wherein an RTP data packet of a media stream is FEC-encoded, encoded redundant data is encapsulated into an RTP packet, the RTP packet is transmitted to the other end, and when a packet loss is detected at the other end, the RTP packet is recovered through the redundant data.
The first aspect of the present invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission method, including:
a first central processing unit receives a streaming media data packet sent by an intranet streaming media and counts the received streaming media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data;
when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, performing FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number to obtain encoded data packets;
and sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coding data packet to a second central processing unit, and sending the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server by the second central processing unit.
Further, counting the received streaming media data packets, specifically:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
Further, after the streaming media data packet and the encoded data packet are sequentially sent to the second central processing unit, the method further includes:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
Further, after the sorting the streaming media data packets according to the sequence numbers, the method further includes:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
Further, the FEC encoding the stream media data packet with the number meeting the requirement to obtain an encoded data packet includes:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission system, including:
the stream media data packet receiving module is used for enabling the first central processing unit to receive a stream media data packet sent by the intranet stream media and count the received stream media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data;
the coding module is used for performing FEC coding on the stream media data packets which meet the number when the number of the stream media data packets meets a preset value to obtain coded data packets;
and the streaming media data packet sending module is used for sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coded data packet to a second central processing unit, and the second central processing unit sends the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server.
Further, the streaming media data packet receiving module is further configured to:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
Further, the streaming media data packet sending module is further configured to:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
Further, the streaming media data packet sending module is further configured to:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
Further, the encoding module is further configured to:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission method and a system, comprising the following steps: a first central processing unit receives a streaming media data packet sent by an intranet streaming media and counts the received streaming media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data; when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, performing FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number to obtain encoded data packets; and sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coding data packet to a second central processing unit, and sending the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server by the second central processing unit. The invention carries out FEC coding on the RTP data packet of the media stream, encapsulates the coded redundant data into an RTP packet, transmits the RTP packet to the other end, and recovers through the redundant data after the other end detects packet loss, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and the end-to-end response speed of the transmission stream media.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a unidirectional streaming media transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art unidirectional transmission;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a new streaming media transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of an apparatus of a unidirectional streaming media transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
A first aspect.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission method, including:
s10, the first central processing unit receives the stream media data packet sent by the stream media in the inner network and counts the received stream media data packet. Wherein, the streaming media data is RTP packet data.
And S20, when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, performing FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number to obtain encoded data packets.
And S30, sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coded data packet to a second central processing unit, and sending the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server by the second central processing unit.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the counting the received streaming media data packets specifically includes:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, after the sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the encoded data packet to the second central processing unit, the method further includes:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, after sorting the streaming media data packets according to sequence numbers, the method further includes:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the FEC encoding the stream media data packet with a number that is sufficient to obtain an encoded data packet includes:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
The invention carries out FEC coding on the RTP data packet of the media stream, encapsulates the coded redundant data into an RTP packet, transmits the RTP packet to the other end, and recovers through the redundant data after the other end detects packet loss, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and the end-to-end response speed of the transmission stream media.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a new streaming media transmission device, where the transmission medium is a unidirectional optical fiber, and the RTP packet is encoded by FEC of an RTP packet of a media stream, and the encoded redundant data is encapsulated into an RTP packet and transmitted to the other end, and when a packet loss is detected at the other end, the encoded redundant data is recovered through the redundant data.
(1) The reliability problem is solved, FEC error correction coding is added, and packet loss can be recovered.
(2) And FEC encoding is carried out on the RTP packet of the streaming media data, and the streaming media data does not need to be encapsulated by a private transmission protocol, so that unnecessary steps are saved, and the transmission response speed is increased.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a hardware device, where a transmission medium is an optical fiber and is connected to a CPU through a network interface, and a data transmission mode is as follows: a UDP socket is created, the data is sent by the broadcasting mode of the CPU1, and the data is sent by the CPU 2.
The RTP protocol for streaming media is modified to accommodate the unidirectional transport system of fig. 2.
Introduction of RTP protocol:
the real-time Transport protocol RTP (real-time Transport protocol) provides end-to-end Transport for real-time applications, but does not provide any guarantee of quality of service. After the multimedia data block (audio/video) needing to be transmitted is processed by compression coding, the multimedia data block is transmitted and processed by RTP encapsulation into RTP packet- > RTP packet is loaded into UDP user datagram- > of transport layer, and then is delivered to IP layer- > and then is delivered to data link layer. The receiving process is opposite to the sending process.
Indeed, RTP is only a protocol framework that contains only some common functions of real-time applications, and RTP itself does not do any processing of multimedia data blocks, but only provides some additional information to the application layer, letting the application layer know how it should do. The RTP protocol can be categorized as an application layer because from the developer's perspective, at the sending and receiving ends of an application, the developer must write the program code that encapsulates the packets and retrieves the data blocks with RTP. RTP can also be considered a transport layer protocol because RTP encapsulates data blocks of a multimedia application and provides services (timestamps and sequence numbers) to the multimedia application, and thus can also be considered a transport layer sub-layer protocol above UDP.
RTP provides end-to-end real-time transport, with RTP packets containing only RTP data. While control is provided by another supporting RTCP protocol. The port used by RTP is an even UDP port number which is not used except a system port (i.e. 1024-65535), and RTCP in the same session uses the next odd UDP port number, and the port numbers 5004 and 5005 are used as default port numbers of RTP and RTCP respectively. A pair of port and multicast group address is visible in many places.
In the header of the RTP packet, the first 12 bytes are necessary, and the following 12 bytes are optional, and the meaning of each field is briefly described as follows:
payload type (7 bit): this field indicates to which format of application the following RTP data belongs. The application layer that receives the RTP packet processes according to the type indicated by this field. For video payloads: h.261(31), MPEG1(32), MPEG1(33), and the like.
Sequence number (16 bit): for each transmitted RTP packet, the sequence number is incremented by 1. The initial sequence number at the start of an RTP session is randomly selected. The sequence number enables the receiving end to find the missing packets and at the same time to reorder the out-of-sequence RTP packets.
Timestamp (32 bit): reflecting the sampling instant of the first byte of data in the RTP packet. The initial value of the timestamp at the start of a session is also randomly selected. The value of the time stamp is constantly increasing over time even when no signal is sent. The time stamp can be used to remove jitter and synchronize audio and video.
Synchronization source identifier (32 bit): the synchronization source identifier SSRC is used to mark the source of the RTP stream. Also randomly generated at the beginning of the RTP stream, since RTP is transmitted using UDP, there can be multiple RTP streams multiplexed into one UDP user datagram, and SSRC can enable the receiving end to stream the received RTP streams to their respective destinations.
Participation source identifier: to mark RTP streams originating from different sites. The mixing station mixes a plurality of RTP streams sent to the same place into one stream, and different RTP streams are separated at the destination station according to the value of CSRC.
Number of participating sources (4 bit): the number of participating source identifiers;
version (2 bit): version 2 is currently used;
padding P (1 bit): in some special cases, the application data block needs to be encrypted, which often requires that each data block has a certain length, and if the length requirement is not met, padding is needed. The setting 1 indicates that the data of the RTP packet has a plurality of padding bytes, and the last byte in the data part is used for indicating the number of padded bytes.
Expand X (1 bit): x set 1 indicates that there is an extension header following this RTP header. Extension headers are rarely used.
Marker M (1 bit): m to 1 indicates that this RTP packet has special significance. For example, when transmitting a video stream, it is used to indicate the beginning of each frame.
Each RTP packet is RTP packet header + RTP packet data.
The invention comprises the following steps:
1. in fig. 3, the streaming media data acquired by the CPU1 is packetized by RTP, each packet size is less than 1500 bytes, when the first RTP packet is taken, the sequence number (16-bit sequence number of the RTP packet header) is modified, the packet sequence number is rearranged from 0, the packets 0, 1 and 2 … … with rearranged sequence numbers are recorded, and so on, when 10 packets are received, FEC encoding is performed (three stages, 3 redundant encoded packets are generated for recovering the data), that is, when packets 0, 1 and 2 … … and 9 are received, the RTP packet header is removed during encoding, after three packets of redundant data are obtained, the RTP packet header is added, the RTP packet header is recorded as packets 10, 11 and 12, the payload type of the redundant packet (7-bit of the RTP packet header) is recorded as 100, and the sequence numbers are recorded as 10, 11 and 12, and so on.
2. And (3) sending data packets, wherein the packet 0, the packet 1 and the packet 2 … … are received in the step 1 and are directly sent, and the three redundant packets, namely the packet 10, the packet 11 and the packet 12, are sent after the coding is finished, and the like.
3. In fig. 3, the packet received in CPU2 first detects the packet sequence number, and rearranges the packet position out of order, and the lost packet is calculated and recovered from the three redundant packets, i.e., packet 10, packet 11, and packet 12, and then removes the three redundant packets to rearrange the sequence numbers, and so on.
4. And finally, sending the rtp packet into a streaming media server.
The whole process has no buffer waiting and no repackaging, and simultaneously, FEC forward coding is added, so that the reliability of data transmission is improved.
A second aspect.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a unidirectional streaming media transmission system, including:
the streaming media data packet receiving module 10 is configured to enable the first central processing unit to receive a streaming media data packet sent by the intranet streaming media and count the received streaming media data packet. Wherein, the streaming media data is RTP packet data.
And the encoding module 20 is configured to perform FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number of the streaming media data packets when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, so as to obtain encoded data packets.
And the streaming media data packet sending module 30 is configured to send the streaming media data packet and the encoded data packet to a second central processing unit in sequence, and the second central processing unit sends the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the streaming media data packet receiving module 20 is further configured to:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the streaming media data packet sending module 30 is further configured to:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the streaming media data packet sending module 30 is further configured to:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
In another specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the encoding module 10 is further configured to:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
The system provided by the invention carries out FEC coding on the RTP data packet of the media stream, the coded redundant data is encapsulated into an RTP packet and transmitted to the other end, and when the other end detects packet loss, the redundant data can be recovered, so that the data transmission reliability is improved, and the end-to-end response speed of the transmission stream media is improved.
In a third aspect.
The present invention provides an electronic device, including:
a processor, a memory, and a bus;
the bus is used for connecting the processor and the memory;
the memory is used for storing operation instructions;
the processor is configured to invoke the operation instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute an operation corresponding to the unidirectional streaming media transmission method shown in the first aspect of the present application.
In an alternative embodiment, an electronic device is provided, as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device 5000 shown in fig. 5 includes: a processor 5001 and a memory 5003. The processor 5001 and the memory 5003 are coupled, such as via a bus 5002. Optionally, the electronic device 5000 may also include a transceiver 5004. It should be noted that the transceiver 5004 is not limited to one in practical application, and the structure of the electronic device 5000 is not limited to the embodiment of the present application.
The processor 5001 may be a CPU, general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. The processor 5001 may also be a combination of processors implementing computing functionality, e.g., a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of DSPs and microprocessors, or the like.
The memory 5003 may be, but is not limited to, a ROM or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a RAM or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an EEPROM, a CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compact disk, laser disk, optical disk, digital versatile disk, blu-ray disk, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
The memory 5003 is used for storing application program codes for executing the present solution, and the execution is controlled by the processor 5001. The processor 5001 is configured to execute application program code stored in the memory 5003 to implement the teachings of any of the foregoing method embodiments.
Among them, electronic devices include but are not limited to: mobile terminals such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and the like, and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, and the like.
A fourth aspect.
The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a unidirectional streaming media transmission method as set forth in the first aspect of the present application.
Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to perform the corresponding content in the aforementioned method embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A unidirectional streaming media transmission method, comprising:
a first central processing unit receives a streaming media data packet sent by an intranet streaming media and counts the received streaming media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data;
when the number of the streaming media data packets meets a preset value, performing FEC encoding on the streaming media data packets meeting the number to obtain encoded data packets;
and sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coding data packet to a second central processing unit, and sending the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server by the second central processing unit.
2. A unidirectional streaming media transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, counting the received streaming media packets, specifically:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
3. The unidirectional streaming media transmission method of claim 2, wherein after sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the encoded data packet to the second central processing unit, the method further comprises:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
4. A unidirectional streaming media transmission method according to claim 3, wherein after the sorting of the streaming media data packets according to sequence numbers, the method further comprises:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
5. The unidirectional streaming media transmission method of claim 1, wherein the FEC encoding the streaming media data packet with a number of the streaming media data packets to obtain an encoded data packet comprises:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
6. A unidirectional streaming media transmission system, comprising:
the stream media data packet receiving module is used for enabling the first central processing unit to receive a stream media data packet sent by the intranet stream media and count the received stream media data packet; wherein, the streaming media data is RTP package data;
the coding module is used for performing FEC coding on the stream media data packets which meet the number when the number of the stream media data packets meets a preset value to obtain coded data packets;
and the streaming media data packet sending module is used for sequentially sending the streaming media data packet and the coded data packet to a second central processing unit, and the second central processing unit sends the streaming media data packet to an external network streaming media server.
7. The unidirectional streaming media transmission system of claim 6, wherein the streaming media packet receiving module is further configured to:
and the first central processing unit performs sequence number arrangement on the received streaming media data packet.
8. The unidirectional streaming media transmission system of claim 7, wherein the streaming media data packet sending module is further configured to:
and the second central processing unit detects the serial numbers of the streaming media data packets and the coded data and arranges the streaming media data packets according to the serial numbers.
9. The unidirectional streaming media transmission system of claim 8, wherein the streaming media data packet sending module is further configured to:
and if the lost streaming media data packet exists, recovering the lost streaming media data packet according to the coding data packet.
10. The unidirectional streaming media transmission system of claim 6, wherein the encoding module is further configured to:
and removing the RTP packet header of the streaming media data packet, and adding the packet header after the coded data packet is obtained.
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| CN107534520A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2018-01-02 | 高通股份有限公司 | Boundling forward error correction (FEC) for multiple sequence flows |
| CN109547467A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-29 | 北京东土科技股份有限公司 | Media data error correction transmission and error correction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN109587450A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-05 | 北京明朝万达科技股份有限公司 | Method of transmitting video data and system |
| CN109981688A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-05 | 浙江西谷数字技术股份有限公司 | A kind of cloud intercommunication building gate control system and its management method based on WebRTC |
| CN111629280A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-09-04 | 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 | Packet loss processing method and device and readable storage medium |
| CN111787413A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-16 | 郑州信大捷安信息技术股份有限公司 | Streaming media data transmission method, system, sending device and receiving device |
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