CN113766520B - Networking method, networking device, storage medium and node of electric power Internet of things - Google Patents
Networking method, networking device, storage medium and node of electric power Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN113766520B CN113766520B CN202110951134.1A CN202110951134A CN113766520B CN 113766520 B CN113766520 B CN 113766520B CN 202110951134 A CN202110951134 A CN 202110951134A CN 113766520 B CN113766520 B CN 113766520B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/08—Access security
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a networking method, a networking device, a storage medium and nodes of an electric power Internet of things, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. According to the method and the system, the frequency point for wireless communication is selected based on the scanning results of the master node and each slave node on the plurality of frequency points, so that the frequency point can be ensured to avoid the frequency point occupied by other systems, the interference of the electric power Internet of things on the other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network self-adaption can be ensured to avoid communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is carried out through two modes of a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes can be avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, so that channel fading of communication noise carried out by the dual-mode node through a single frequency point is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of internet of things, in particular to a networking method, device, storage medium and node of an electric power internet of things.
Background
The power line carrier communication and the micropower wireless communication are two main communication technologies adopted by an electricity consumption information acquisition system in a power grid system at present, the former uses the existing power line as an information transmission medium, the installation cost is low, the system has unique transmission advantages in channel environments such as high-rise buildings or shielding places, and the like, but the system is required to face the problems of strong noise interference, large signal attenuation and the like of the power line channel; the latter uses the space electromagnetic field to transmit electromagnetic wave signal, does not need to consider the line condition, but the signal is easy to be blocked in the environment with more obstacles, and the frequency used is a non-special authorized frequency band, which is easy to be interfered.
With the rapid development of chip miniaturization and hardware technology, the industry already has the capability of simultaneously installing and operating a power line carrier and a micro-power wireless communication chip in a limited space in a communication module nested by a smart electric meter, and the energy consumption of the communication chip is completely within the power supply capability range of the electric meter, so that the dual-mode communication has engineering feasibility. The two different communication modes are mutually fused, so that the method has the advantages of each mode, and the defect of a single mode is overcome, thereby effectively improving the stability and the reliability of network communication.
The dual-mode communication has become a main development direction of the communication field of the electric power internet of things, and by the beginning of 2021, the european G3-PLC alliance has basically completed discussion work of related technical standards, i.e. is about to publish the content of the dual-mode communication, while the china intelligent measurement alliance led by the china national power grid company is also advancing the formulation work of the technical standards in the field, and how to utilize the networking of the electric power internet of things to the dual-mode node is a hot spot of current research.
Disclosure of Invention
The networking method, the networking device, the storage medium and the wireless node of the power Internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application can carry out networking through the carrier channel and the wireless channel so as to improve the networking success rate. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking method for an electric power internet of things, where the method includes:
after power-on, channel noise scanning is carried out on m frequency points; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
after channel noise scanning is completed, broadcasting a wired beacon signal through a carrier channel;
receiving an association request message sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the equipment identifier of the slave node, the equipment type parameter value of the slave node and a scanning result obtained by the slave node in the scanning of the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points;
If the equipment identifier of the slave node is positioned in a preset equipment white list, allowing the slave node to access to the network, and distributing a network address for the slave node; wherein the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
sending an association confirmation message to the slave node; wherein, the association confirmation message carries the network address;
after the preset duration of the carrier channel network access flow is executed, the channel quality of the m frequency points is estimated based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results respectively reported by the X slave nodes; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
and executing a wireless channel network access flow based on the at least two frequency points.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking method for an electric power internet of things, including:
if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time period, obtaining channel evaluation parameter values of all frequency points contained in a plurality of frequency groups;
determining a channel estimation parameter value with optimal channel quality;
taking the frequency group with the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality as a target frequency group;
Monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
when a wireless beacon signal is monitored, network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal are obtained;
synchronization is realized through a network time reference, and an association request message is sent through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the equipment identifier;
after receiving the association confirmation message, the network is successfully accessed in a wireless channel mode.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking device of an electric power internet of things, applied to a master node, where the networking device includes: a processing unit and a receiving and transmitting unit;
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on m frequency points after power-on; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further used for broadcasting a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the receiving and transmitting unit after finishing channel noise scanning;
the processing unit is further used for receiving an association request message sent by the slave node in response to the wired beacon signal through the receiving and transmitting unit; the association request message carries the equipment identifier of the slave node, the equipment type parameter value of the slave node and a scanning result obtained by the slave node in the scanning of the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points;
The processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list, and allocate a network address to the slave node; wherein the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send an association confirmation packet to the slave node through the transceiver unit; wherein, the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate channel quality of the m frequency points based on a scanning result of the master node and scanning results reported by each of the X slave nodes after executing a preset duration of a carrier channel network access procedure; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
the processing unit is further used for selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
the processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access procedure based on the at least two frequency points.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking device of an electric power internet of things, applied to a dual-mode node, where the networking device includes: a processing unit and a receiving and transmitting unit;
the processing unit is used for acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of all frequency points contained in a plurality of frequency groups if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset duration;
The processing unit is further used for determining a channel estimation parameter value with optimal channel quality;
the processing unit is further configured to use, as a target frequency group, a frequency group in which the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located;
the processing unit is further used for monitoring wireless beacon signals on all frequency points contained in the target frequency group;
the processing unit is further configured to acquire network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal when the transceiver unit monitors the wireless beacon signal;
the processing unit is further used for realizing synchronization through a network time reference and sending an association request message through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the equipment identifier;
the processing unit is further configured to successfully access to the network in a wireless channel manner after receiving the association confirmation message through the transceiver unit.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the above-described method steps.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a node, which may include: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
firstly, frequency points for wireless communication are selected based on scanning results of a master node and each slave node on a plurality of frequency points, so that the frequency points can be ensured to avoid frequency points occupied by other systems, the interference of the electric power Internet of things on the other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network self-adaption can be ensured to avoid communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is carried out through two modes of a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes can be avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, so that channel fading of communication noise carried out by the dual-mode node through a single frequency point is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a networking method of the electric power internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless superframe and a mapping relationship diagram between frequency points and time slots according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency configuration of data transmission across timeslots according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is another flow chart of a networking method of the electric power internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of monitoring a wireless beacon signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a networking device of the electric power internet of things, which is provided by the application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a node according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a network architecture diagram of an electric power internet of things according to the present application, the electric power internet of things includes: a master node, which is COO (Central Coordinator, central coordinator 0), and a plurality of slave nodes, which are ordinary STAs and PCOs acting as relays (Proxy Coordinator ). The plurality of nodes in the electric power Internet of things are in a tree structure, COO is provided with one or more sub-nodes, the one or more sub-nodes can be common STA or PCO, the PCO is provided with one or more sub-nodes, and the one or more self-nodes can also be STA or PCO. Any node in the power internet of things can be a single-mode node or a dual-mode node, wherein the single-mode node refers to a node which only supports carrier wired communication, and the dual-mode node refers to a node which supports wireless communication and carrier wired communication at the same time. Then any two adjacent nodes in the power internet of things may communicate in three ways: carrier communication, wireless communication, and simultaneous carrier communication and wireless communication.
In the power internet of things, for the dual-mode node, signals are forbidden to be sent on the carrier channel and the wireless channel at the same time, so that overload of the intelligent ammeter caused by overlarge instantaneous power consumption of the node is avoided.
The nodes in the application can be intelligent electric meters, intelligent water meters or other types of intelligent meters and the like.
The networking method of the electric power internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2-3. The device for executing the networking method of the electric power internet of things in the embodiment of the application may be a wireless node shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of a networking method of the electric power internet of things is provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method according to the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
and S201, after power-on, channel noise scanning is performed on m frequency points.
The power internet comprises a master node and a slave node, the master node and the slave node are powered on, the nodes (the master node or the slave node) in the power internet generally use a public frequency band for wireless communication, the public frequency band is divided into a plurality of channels, the bandwidths of the channels are equal, the center frequency of each channel is the frequency point of the channel, and the two adjacent channels can be overlapped or not overlapped. And after the main node is powered on, carrying out channel noise scanning on channels where m frequency points are located, wherein the channel noise scanning is used for evaluating noise interference degrees of all channels, and the channel quality parameter values of all the frequency points are obtained through the channel scanning, and can be the value of signal to noise ratio or the value of noise power. The master node may perform multiple rounds of channel noise scanning on the m frequency points, and then average the multiple rounds of scanning results to obtain a final scanning result. After the slave node is powered on, channel noise scanning is performed on m frequency points in the same manner, which is not described herein.
Further, the scan result of the channel noise scan may be represented using decimal values, for example: parameter values of the channel quality parameters of the frequency points; the scan result may also be represented using a binary value of a specified length, such as: two bits are used to represent the channel quality of each channel: 11 means that the channel quality is high, 10 means that the channel quality is high, 01 means that the channel quality is low, and 00 means that the channel quality is low.
For example, the working frequency band of the electric power internet is 470 MHz-510 MHz, the working frequency band is divided into 400 channels, namely 400 corresponding frequency points, the bandwidth of each channel is 200KHz, and the overlapping bandwidth between two adjacent channels is 100KHz, namely half of the overlapping channel bandwidth. Each channel scan time is 5 milliseconds, then the time to perform a round of scan is 2 seconds. The master node performs a total of 3 scans, taking 6 seconds.
S202, broadcasting a wired beacon signal through a carrier channel after channel scanning is completed.
After the main node finishes channel scanning, the main node broadcasts a wired beacon signal through a wired carrier channel. When the wired beacon signal is transmitted, the master node selects a slave node to directly or indirectly broadcast the wired beacon signal according to the current network topology condition of the power internet, and the wired beacon signal directly indicates that the master node is directly connected with the slave node, and indirectly indicates that the master node and the slave node perform relay transmission through at least one relay node.
S203, receiving an association request message sent by the slave node in response to the wired beacon signal.
The slave nodes which are not connected with the network monitor the wired beacon signals in the carrier channel, and when the wired beacon signals are monitored, the slave nodes directly send the association request messages to the master node or send the association request messages to the master node through other relay nodes which are connected with the network. The association request message carries the device identifier of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node, and the scanning result obtained by the slave node performing wireless channel noise intensity scanning at m frequency points, and the process of the slave node performing channel scanning and the method for representing the scanning result can refer to the description of the master node in S201, which are not repeated herein. The device identifier is used to uniquely represent the physical identity of the device, and the device identifier may be a MAC address or an IMEI, etc. The device type parameter value indicates a device type of the slave node and a supported communication mode including a repeater, a type II collector, a type I collector, and the like, and the communication mode is divided into a dual mode (wired communication and wireless communication) and a single mode (only wired communication is supported).
For example, referring to table 1, a field of a new device type and a field of a wireless channel noise intensity scan result are added in the association request message. The length of the field of the device type is 5 bits, and the length of the field of the radio channel noise strength scan result is 800 fields. The meaning represented by the values of the device type is shown in table 1, and the scanning result of the wireless channel noise intensity scanning result is 400 frequency points in total, and each frequency point uses two bits to represent the channel quality.
TABLE 1
The application can also indicate the dual-mode internet of things or the single-mode internet of things by adding a field of a network type in the MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit ) and by parameter values of different network types. For example: referring to table 2, when the parameter value of the network type is equal to 1, it indicates that the electric power internet of things is a dual-mode network, that is, both wired communication and wireless communication are supported; when the parameter value of the network type is equal to 0, the electric power internet of things is a single-mode network, namely only the traditional wired mode communication is supported.
TABLE 2
S204, if the equipment identifier of the slave node is located in a preset equipment white list, a network address is allocated to the slave node.
The master node is pre-stored or pre-configured with a device white list, the device white list comprises N device identifiers of the slave nodes allowing network access, and the N slave nodes are determined when the network planning of the electric power Internet of things is carried out. After the master node analyzes the equipment identifier from the association request message, judging whether the equipment identifier is positioned in a preset equipment white list, if not, not allowing the slave node to access the network; if so, allowing the slave node to access the network, and distributing a network address for the slave node, wherein the network address represents a unique identity of the node in the electric power internet of things, and different nodes have different network addresses, for example: the network address is a network short address.
For example, a method of assigning a network address to a slave node includes: the network address of the master node is 0, and numbering is started from 1, 2, and N in turn according to the network access order of the slave nodes.
S205, sending an association confirmation message to the slave node.
If the master node allows the slave node to access the network, an association request message is sent to the slave node, where the association request message carries the network address allocated to the slave node in S204. The application executes the carrier channel network access flow for each slave node according to the mode of S201-S205.
S206, after the carrier channel network access preset time is executed, the channel quality of m frequency points is estimated based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes.
The size of the preset duration can be determined according to actual requirements, the application is not limited, and after the carrier channel network access process of the preset duration, X slave nodes can be successfully accessed into the network from N slave nodes, wherein X is an integer which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. The master node and the X slave nodes periodically scan channels on m frequency points, the master node evaluates the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning results of the master node and the X slave nodes, and the channel quality of the m frequency points is jointly evaluated by utilizing the scanning results of the nodes distributed at different positions, so that the evaluation accuracy can be improved.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes are expressed as:
wherein lambda is i,j A decimal channel quality parameter value representing node i at bin j, i=0, 1..x, j=0, 1..m-1, the quality assessment vector ω for the m bins being represented as:
for example, if the number (network address) of the master node is 0, the number (network address) of the slave node is 1 to X, m=400, and the frequency point number is 0 to 399, the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes on 400 frequency points are expressed as:
the channel quality of 400 frequency points is represented by a quality evaluation vector:
s207, selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result.
The master node determines the evaluation result of the m frequency points according to S206, selects at least two frequency points from the m frequency points as target frequency points, where the number of the selected at least two frequency points may be determined according to actual requirements, and the application is not limited. For example: and selecting 6 frequency points with optimal channel quality from the m frequency points as target frequency points.
S208, executing a wireless channel network access flow based on at least two frequency points.
Each node (master node and slave node) performs a wireless channel networking process and wireless data transmission by using at least two frequency points and time slot configurations selected in S208, and obtains a dual-mode power internet after completing the wireless channel networking process, where two adjacent nodes in the power internet communicate in a wireless mode, a wired mode or a dual-mode.
In some embodiments of the present application, the superframe structure of the carrier channel is consistent with the prior art, and reference is made specifically to the specifications of the national network standard. The wireless super frame comprises n+1 common subframes and 1 silent subframe, and n+1 common subframes; n+1 common subframes and N+1 nodes are in one-to-one mapping relation, and N+1 nodes are master nodes and N slave nodes allowing network access in a device white list; n+1 nodes each perform a wireless channel noise intensity scan in the silence subframe; each common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the common subframe consists of the TDMA time slot area and the CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to a node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N+1 nodes in a competition mode.
For example, referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a superframe structure of a wireless channel according to the present application, a master node starts to perform a network access procedure of the wireless channel ten minutes after performing the network access procedure of the carrier channel. The wireless super frame comprises n+2 subframes, wherein the n+2 subframes are specifically n+1 common subframes and 1 silence subframes, the silence subframes are special subframes, and N is the number of equipment identifiers of the slave nodes which are allowed to access the network and are contained in a preset equipment white list; each subframe comprises 30 time slots, a TDMA time slot area in the subframe comprises 6 subframes, a CSMA time slot comprises 24 subframes, and the length of each time slot is equal to the maximum single signal transmission time length in a physical layer waveform of a node.
N+1 common subframes and N nodes (a master node and N slave nodes allowing access to the network) are in a one-to-one mapping relationship, the network address of the master node is 0, the network addresses of the slave nodes are sequentially 1-N, and the network addresses of the slave nodes are distributed by the master node through a carrier channel access flow or a wireless channel access flow. The TDMA time slot area in the kth subframe in the wireless superframe is fixedly allocated to a node with a network address of k, if the node with the network address of k is not connected to the network, the TDMA time slot area is fixedly allocated to a master node for use, and the CSMA time slot area is used by n+1 nodes in competition based on a CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection, carrier sense multiple access collision detection) mechanism. The last subframe in the wireless super frame is a silence subframe, all nodes in the silence subframe prohibit sending wireless signals, and all network access nodes execute wireless channel noise interference intensity scanning on m frequency points in the silence subframe.
In one or more possible embodiments, the selected at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group;
wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups;
the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with optimal channel quality, which are selected according to the evaluation results of the m frequency points.
For example, referring to fig. 3, the first frequency group includes 3 frequency bins: f1, f2 and f3, the second frequency group comprises 3 frequency bins: f4, f5 and f6, the first frequency group contains 3 frequency points mapped to the first 3 normal time slots of the TDMA time slot area, the second frequency group contains 3 frequency points mapped to the last 3 normal time slots of the TDMA time slot area, and the second frequency group contains 3 frequency points mapped to the 24 normal time slots of the CSMA time slot area. Each node is preconfigured with 8 frequency groups f= { F1, F2,..f8 }, each frequency group containing 3 frequency points, one frequency group being selected from the 8 frequency groups as the first frequency group. In order to reduce interference among frequencies, frequency points in each frequency group are uniformly distributed on the working frequency band of the electric power internet of things, for example: 470MHz to 510 MHz. And the distance between frequencies of different frequency groups is also at least greater than 3 times the maximum communication channel bandwidth. The 3 frequency points f4, f5, and f6 included in the second frequency group are obtained by selecting 3 frequency points with the optimal channel quality from the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning result of the X slave nodes.
Further, the method for selecting f1, f2 and f3 included in the first frequency group may be: based on the scanning results of the master node and the X slave nodes, channel quality parameter values of 24 frequency points in total of 8 frequency groups are obtained, frequency points with the worst channel quality in each frequency group in the 8 frequency groups are determined, and for the obtained 8 frequency points, the frequency group in which the frequency point with the best channel quality is located is determined in the 8 frequency points as a first frequency group.
In the CSMA slot region, each node contends for slots to transmit data using the CSMA mechanism. The rule that the node sends signals in the CSMA time slot area is as follows: when the node obtains the signal transmission opportunity in the current time slot, and when the residual time length of the current time slot is smaller than the signal transmission time length of the target data, the target data is allowed to be transmitted across the time slot, but the synchronous head of the target data is required to be ensured to be completely fallen on the current time slot and the transmission frequency is the frequency point mapped by the current time slot, and the frequency points of the current time slot and the next time slot are the same.
For example, referring to fig. 4, when a node competes for a signal transmission opportunity in a time slot 1 and the signal transmission time period of the target data is longer than the remaining time period of the time slot 1, the 1 st target data is transmitted by using the time slots 1 and 2, the synchronization header of the target data falls in the time slot 1, the signal load falls in the time slots 1 and 2, and the transmission frequencies of the synchronization header and the load are f4.
For the node in the receiving state, the node receives the target data on the frequency point corresponding to the time slot, and if the synchronization is successful on the time slot, the receiving frequency is switched after the receiving of the target data is completed; if the synchronization is not successful in the slot, switching of the reception frequency is performed after the slot is ended.
In this embodiment, the frequency points in the first frequency group and the second frequency group are determined by the master node based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning result reported by the network-accessing slave node. In order to avoid frequent switching of frequency points of the first frequency group and the second frequency group, the updating rule of the application is as follows:
the minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group is marked as R, the minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups is marked as E, and if E is more than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the first frequency group is triggered;
the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows:
and the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is marked as W, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the frequency points divided by the first frequency group in the m frequency points is marked as S, and the S is larger than or equal to 1.1W, so that the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is triggered to be switched.
For example, according to the above example, the first frequency group contains frequency points f1, f2, and f3, and the second frequency group contains frequency points f4, f5, and f6. The method comprises the steps of presetting 8 frequency groups, wherein the first frequency group is one of the 8 frequency groups.
For f1, f2 and f3, the smallest channel quality parameter value in the currently used first frequency group is denoted as R, the smallest channel quality parameter value in the other 7 frequency groups except the currently used first frequency group in the 8 frequency groups is denoted as E, and if E is greater than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the currently used first frequency group is triggered, and the method for selecting the first frequency group is referred to the above description and is not repeated here.
For f4, f5 and f6, the smallest channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group used currently is marked as W, the smallest channel quality parameter value in the rest frequency points except the second frequency group in the m frequency points is marked as S, and if S is greater than or equal to 1.1W, the master node triggers the switching of the second frequency group used currently, and the frequency point corresponding to the smallest channel quality parameter value is switched each time. In the application, the smallest channel quality parameter value corresponds to the frequency point with the worst channel quality.
In the embodiment of the application, in order to facilitate the node to know at least two frequency points used by the wireless network in time, specific values of the at least two frequency points newly selected in the wired beacon signal of the carrier channel are specified.
For example: referring to tables 3 and 4, fields of wireless communication frame frequency information items are newly added in the wired beacon signal.
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
On the wireless side, each network-entering node transmits a wireless beacon signal using the TDMA time slot to fit the frequency points of the first frequency group on the allocated subframe, the wireless beacon signal carrying the selected at least two frequency points.
For example: referring to fig. 3, a node accessing the network transmits a wireless beacon signal using 3 slots and 3 frequency points f1, f2, and f3 of a TDMA slot area on an allocated subframe, the wireless beacon signal carrying 5 selected frequency points: f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f6.
Further, referring to fig. 5, after the dual-mode slave node powers on and completes the scanning of the wireless channel, the dual-mode slave node starts the network access process of the carrier channel, if the dual-mode slave node does not access the network within a preset duration, the dual-mode slave node may be a carrier communication orphan point, and the network access process of the wireless channel is continuously executed:
s501, if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time period, obtaining channel evaluation parameter values of all frequency points contained in a plurality of frequency groups.
S502, determining a channel estimation parameter value with optimal channel quality.
S503, taking the frequency group with the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality as a target frequency group.
S504, monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group.
S505, when the wireless beacon signal is monitored, network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal are acquired. The network superframe information indicates a structure of a wireless superframe, for example: the structure of the wireless superframe is shown in fig. 3.
S506, synchronization is achieved through a network time reference, and an association request message is sent through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information.
Wherein, the association request message carries the equipment identifier.
S507, after receiving the association confirmation message, the network is successfully accessed in a wireless channel mode.
For example, referring to fig. 6, the dual-mode slave node extracts channel quality parameter values of 24 frequency points in total of 8 frequency groups from the wireless channel scanning result, and then obtains the minimum value of quality parameter values of 3 frequency points in each frequency group, and based on the size of the minimum value, the 8 frequency groups are ordered from large to small; the monitoring of the wireless beacon signal of the frequency group (i.e., the first frequency group) of the sequence 1 is selected, and the first frequency group is set to include frequency points f1, f2 and f3.
The length T of the listening time of each frequency point is equal to the length of 3.3 common time slots, and note that the listening mode can ensure that the listening node can capture wireless beacon signals of not less than 1 frequency point as long as the listening node is within the coverage range of the transmitting signal.
The maximum monitoring time of each frequency group is set to be C minutes, the value of C is forcedly regulated, the maximum monitoring time can be flexibly and autonomously set by each manufacturer, and if the wireless beacon signal cannot be monitored in the maximum monitoring time, the next frequency group is replaced for monitoring.
After a wireless beacon signal is monitored, because the wireless beacon signal carries network superframe information and a network time reference, a dual-mode master node uses the network time reference to realize network time synchronization, obtains specific values of 6 frequency points of the wireless network, and sends an association request message to a sending node of the wireless beacon signal in a CSMA time slot area, wherein the subsequent relay transmission and network access flow of the association request message use the content of the existing carrier protocol, and the description is not repeated here.
Embodiments of the present application have the following effects: firstly, frequency points for wireless communication are selected based on scanning results of a master node and each slave node on a plurality of frequency points, so that the frequency points can be ensured to avoid frequency points occupied by other systems, the interference of the electric power Internet of things on the other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network self-adaption can be ensured to avoid communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is carried out through two modes of a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes can be avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, so that channel fading of communication noise carried out by the dual-mode node through a single frequency point is avoided.
The following are examples of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform the method embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a networking device of the electric power internet of things according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The apparatus may be implemented as all or part of the node of fig. 1 by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The networking device 7 (hereinafter referred to as device 9) of the electric power internet of things includes a transceiver unit 701 and a processing unit 702.
Embodiment one:
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on m frequency points after power-on; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further used for broadcasting a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the receiving and transmitting unit after finishing channel noise scanning;
the processing unit is further used for receiving an association request message sent by the slave node in response to the wired beacon signal through the receiving and transmitting unit; the association request message carries the equipment identifier of the slave node, the equipment type parameter value of the slave node and a scanning result obtained by the slave node in the scanning of the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points;
the processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list, and allocate a network address to the slave node; wherein the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send an association confirmation packet to the slave node through the transceiver unit; wherein, the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate channel quality of the m frequency points based on a scanning result of the master node and scanning results reported by each of the X slave nodes after executing a preset duration of a carrier channel network access procedure; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
The processing unit is further used for selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
the processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access procedure based on the at least two frequency points.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scan result for each frequency bin is represented using at least two bits.
In one or more possible embodiments, the bandwidths of the channels corresponding to the frequency points are equal, the channels corresponding to the adjacent frequency points are overlapped with each other by half, and each node performs multiple wireless channel noise intensity scans.
In one or more possible embodiments, the wireless superframe includes n+1 normal subframes and 1 mute subframe, where the n+1 normal subframes and n+1 nodes are in a one-to-one mapping relationship, and the n+1 nodes are the master node and the N slave nodes allowed to access the network; the silence subframe is used for indicating the node to execute wireless channel noise intensity scanning;
the common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to a node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N+1 nodes in a competition mode.
In one or more possible embodiments, the at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group;
wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups;
and the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with optimal channel quality selected from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result.
In one or more possible embodiments, the updating rule of the first frequency group is:
the minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group is marked as R, the minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups is marked as E, and if E is more than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the first frequency group is triggered;
the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows:
and the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is marked as W, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the frequency points divided by the first frequency group in the m frequency points is marked as S, and if S is greater than or equal to 1.1W, the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is triggered to be switched.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes are expressed as:
Wherein lambda is i,j A decimal channel quality parameter value representing node i at bin j, i=0, 1..x, j=0, 1..m-1, the quality assessment vector ω for the m bins being represented as:
in one or more possible embodiments, when the current time slot competes for the signal transmission opportunity, if the transmission time length of the target is longer than the remaining time length of the current time slot, the node transmits the target data in the current time slot and the next time slot, and the current time slot and the next time slot use the same frequency point.
In one or more possible embodiments, the carrier beacon signal and the wireless beacon signal carry the number of frequency points and the frequency points of the first frequency group and the second frequency group.
Embodiment two:
the processing unit is used for acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of all frequency points contained in a plurality of frequency groups if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset duration;
the processing unit is further used for determining a channel estimation parameter value with optimal channel quality;
the processing unit is further configured to use, as a target frequency group, a frequency group in which the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located;
the processing unit is further used for monitoring wireless beacon signals on all frequency points contained in the target frequency group;
The processing unit is further configured to acquire network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal when the transceiver unit monitors the wireless beacon signal;
the processing unit is further used for realizing synchronization through a network time reference and sending an association request message through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the equipment identifier; the processing unit is further configured to successfully access to the network in a wireless channel manner after receiving the association confirmation message through the transceiver unit.
In one or more possible embodiments, the listening time on each frequency point is greater than or equal to 3.3 times the length of the normal time slot.
It should be noted that, when the networking method of the electric power internet of things is executed, the apparatus 7 provided in the foregoing embodiment only uses the division of the foregoing functional modules to illustrate, in practical application, the foregoing functional allocation may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the networking device of the electric power internet of things and the networking method embodiment of the electric power internet of things provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, which embody detailed implementation procedures in the method embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a plurality of instructions, where the instructions are adapted to be loaded by a processor and execute the method steps of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to fig. 6, and the specific execution process may refer to the specific description of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to fig. 6, which is not repeated herein.
The present application also provides a computer program product storing at least one instruction that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the networking method of the electric power internet of things according to the above embodiments.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of a node is provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the node may be a master node or a slave node in fig. 1, and the networking device 800 of the electric power internet of things may include: at least one processor 801, at least one network interface 804, a user interface 803, memory 805, at least one communication bus 802.
Wherein a communication bus 802 is used to enable connected communication between these components.
The user interface 803 is an interface for a user to interact with the server, and may include a Display screen (Display) and a Camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 803 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface.
The network interface 804 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.
Wherein the processor 801 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 801 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various portions of the overall electronic device 800, perform various functions of the electronic device 800, and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 805, and invoking data stored in the memory 805. Alternatively, the processor 801 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field-Programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 801 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), an image processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), and a modem, etc. The CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application program and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed by the display screen; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 801 and may be implemented on a single chip.
The Memory 805 may include a random access Memory (RandomAccess Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 805 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Memory 805 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or instruction sets. The memory 805 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described respective method embodiments, etc.; the storage data area may store data or the like referred to in the above respective method embodiments. The memory 805 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 801. As shown in fig. 8, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and application programs may be included in the memory 805, which is one type of computer storage medium.
In the electronic device 800 shown in fig. 8, the user interface 803 is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and processor 801 may be used to invoke applications stored in memory 805 and to execute in particular the methods described in the method embodiments of fig. 2 or 5.
The concept of the present embodiment is the same as that of the method embodiment of fig. 2 or fig. 5, and the technical effects brought by the concept are the same, and the specific process may refer to the description of the embodiment of fig. 2 or fig. 5, which is not repeated here.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described methods in accordance with the embodiments may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a computer readable storage medium, which when executed may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, or the like.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A networking method of an electric power internet of things, the method comprising:
after power-on, channel noise scanning is carried out on m frequency points; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
after channel noise scanning is completed, broadcasting a wired beacon signal through a carrier channel;
Receiving an association request message sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the equipment identifier of the slave node, the equipment type parameter value of the slave node and a scanning result obtained by the slave node in the scanning of the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points;
if the equipment identifier of the slave node is positioned in a preset equipment white list, allowing the slave node to access to the network, and distributing a network address for the slave node; wherein the device white list contains device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
sending an association confirmation message to the slave node; wherein, the association confirmation message carries the network address;
after the preset duration of the carrier channel network access flow is executed, the channel quality of the m frequency points is estimated based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results respectively reported by the X slave nodes; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result; the at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group; wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups; the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with optimal channel quality selected from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result; the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows: the minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group is marked as R, the minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups is marked as E, and if E is more than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the first frequency group is triggered; the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows: the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is marked as W, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the m frequency points except the frequency point in the first frequency group is marked as S, and if S is more than or equal to 1.1W, the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is triggered to be switched; monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
And executing a wireless channel network access flow based on the at least two frequency points.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scan result for each frequency bin is represented using at least two bits.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bandwidths of the channels corresponding to the respective frequency points are equal, the channels corresponding to the adjacent frequency points overlap each other by half, and each node performs a plurality of wireless channel noise intensity scans.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein a wireless superframe comprises n+1 normal subframes and 1 mute subframe, the n+1 normal subframes and n+1 nodes being in a one-to-one mapping relationship, the n+1 nodes being the master node and the N slave nodes allowed to access the network; the silence subframe is used for indicating the node to execute wireless channel noise intensity scanning;
the common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to a node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N+1 nodes in a competition mode.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes are expressed as:
Wherein lambda is i,j A decimal channel quality parameter value representing node i at bin j, i=0, 1..x, j=0, 1..m-1, a representation of the quality assessment vector ω for the m binsThe method comprises the following steps:
6. the method of claim 5 wherein a node transmits target data in a current time slot and a next time slot when the current time slot competes for a signal transmission opportunity, and wherein the current time slot and the next time slot use the same frequency point if a transmission time period of the target data is longer than a remaining time period of the current time slot.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein carrier beacon signals and wireless beacon signals carry the number of frequency points and frequency points of the first frequency group and the second frequency group.
8. The networking device of the electric power internet of things is characterized by being applied to a main node, and comprises: a processing unit and a receiving and transmitting unit;
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on m frequency points after power-on; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further used for broadcasting a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the receiving and transmitting unit after finishing channel noise scanning;
The processing unit is further used for receiving an association request message sent by the slave node in response to the wired beacon signal through the receiving and transmitting unit; the association request message carries the equipment identifier of the slave node, the equipment type parameter value of the slave node and a scanning result obtained by the slave node in the scanning of the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points;
the processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list, and allocate a network address to the slave node; wherein the device white list contains device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send an association confirmation packet to the slave node through the transceiver unit; wherein, the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate channel quality of the m frequency points based on a scanning result of the master node and scanning results reported by each of the X slave nodes after executing a preset duration of a carrier channel network access procedure; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
the processing unit is further used for selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result; the at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group; wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups; the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with optimal channel quality selected from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result; the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows: the minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group is marked as R, the minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups is marked as E, and if E is more than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the first frequency group is triggered; the updating rule of the first frequency group is as follows: the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is marked as W, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the m frequency points except the frequency point in the first frequency group is marked as S, and if S is more than or equal to 1.1W, the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group is triggered to be switched; monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
The processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access procedure based on the at least two frequency points.
9. A computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A node, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 1-7.
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