CN113766520A - Networking method, networking device, storage medium and networking nodes of power Internet of things - Google Patents
Networking method, networking device, storage medium and networking nodes of power Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN113766520A CN113766520A CN202110951134.1A CN202110951134A CN113766520A CN 113766520 A CN113766520 A CN 113766520A CN 202110951134 A CN202110951134 A CN 202110951134A CN 113766520 A CN113766520 A CN 113766520A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/08—Access security
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a networking method, a networking device, a storage medium and a networking node of an electric power Internet of things, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. According to the method and the device, the frequency points for wireless communication are selected based on the scanning results of the master node and the slave nodes on the frequency points, the frequency points occupied by other systems can be guaranteed, the interference of the power internet of things on other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network can be ensured to adaptively avoid the communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is performed through a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes is avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, channel fading of communication noise caused by the fact that the dual-mode node uses a single frequency point is avoided, and the reliability of communication can be improved by utilizing the multiple frequency points to carry out frequency hopping communication.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to a networking method, a networking device, a storage medium and a node of an electric Internet of things.
Background
The power line carrier communication and the micropower wireless communication are two main communication technologies adopted by a power consumption information acquisition system in a power grid system at present, the power line carrier communication and the micropower wireless communication utilize the existing power line as an information transmission medium, have low installation cost and unique transmission advantages in channel environments such as high buildings or shielded places, but need to face the problems of strong noise interference, large signal attenuation and the like of a power line channel; the latter utilizes space electromagnetic field to transmit electromagnetic wave signals, and does not need to consider the line condition, but the signals are easily shielded in the environment with more obstacles, and in addition, the used frequency is a non-special authorized frequency band, and is easily interfered.
With the rapid development of chip miniaturization and hardware technology, the industry has been provided with the capability of simultaneously installing and operating power line carrier and micropower wireless communication chips in a limited space in a communication module nested in a smart meter, and the energy consumption of the communication chips is completely within the range of the power supply capability of the smart meter, so that the dual-mode communication has been feasible in engineering. And two different communication modes are fused with each other, have had respective advantage concurrently, compensate the defect of single mode again to effectively promote network communication's stability and reliability.
The dual-mode communication has become a main development direction in the field of power internet of things communication, and by the beginning of 2021, the european G3-PLC alliance has basically completed the discussion work of related technical standards, that is, will publish the contents thereof, and the chinese intelligent measurement alliance, which is the leading part of the chinese national grid company, is also promoting the formulation work of the technical standards in this field, and how to utilize the networking of the power internet of things for the dual-mode nodes is a hot point of current research.
Disclosure of Invention
The networking method, the networking device, the storage medium and the wireless node of the power internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for networking through the carrier channel and the wireless channel so as to improve the networking success rate. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking method for an electric power internet of things, where the method includes:
after power-on, performing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
broadcasting a wired beacon signal through a carrier channel after channel noise scanning is finished;
receiving an association request message sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the device identification of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity of the slave node at m frequency points;
if the equipment identifier of the slave node is located in a preset equipment white list, allowing the slave node to access the network and distributing a network address for the slave node; the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
sending a correlation confirmation message to the slave node; wherein the association confirmation message carries the network address;
after a preset time length is set after a carrier channel network access process is executed, evaluating the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the main node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes respectively; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
and executing a wireless channel network access process based on the at least two frequency points.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking method for an electric power internet of things, including:
if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within the preset time length, acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of each frequency point contained in a plurality of frequency groups;
determining a channel evaluation parameter value with optimal channel quality;
taking the frequency group where the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located as a target frequency group;
monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
when a wireless beacon signal is monitored, network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal are acquired;
synchronization is realized through a network time reference, and an association request message is sent through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier;
and after receiving the association confirmation message, successfully accessing the network in a wireless channel mode.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking device of an internet of things for electric power, which is applied to a master node, and the networking device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit;
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points after being electrified; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further configured to broadcast a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the transceiver unit after channel noise scanning is completed;
the processing unit is further configured to receive, through the transceiving unit, an association request packet sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the device identification of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity of the slave node at m frequency points;
the processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network and allocate a network address to the slave node if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list; the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send a correlation acknowledgement packet to the slave node through the transceiving unit; wherein the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes after executing a carrier channel network access process for a preset duration; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
the processing unit is further configured to select at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
the processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access process based on the at least two frequency points.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a networking device for an internet of things for electric power, which is applied to a dual-mode node, and the networking device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit;
the processing unit is used for acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of each frequency point contained in a plurality of frequency groups if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time length;
the processing unit is further configured to determine a channel estimation parameter value with the optimal channel quality;
the processing unit is further configured to use a frequency group in which the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located as a target frequency group;
the processing unit is also used for monitoring the wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
the processing unit is further configured to acquire network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal when the transceiver unit monitors the wireless beacon signal;
the processing unit is also used for realizing synchronization through a network time reference and sending an association request message through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier;
the processing unit is further configured to successfully access the network in a wireless channel manner after receiving the association confirmation message through the transceiver unit.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a node, which may include: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by some embodiments of the application at least comprise:
firstly, the frequency points for wireless communication are selected based on the scanning results of the master node and the slave nodes on the multiple frequency points, so that the frequency points occupied by other systems can be avoided, the interference of the power internet of things on other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network can be ensured to adaptively avoid the communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is performed through a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes is avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, channel fading of communication noise caused by the fact that the dual-mode node uses a single frequency point is avoided, and the reliability of communication can be improved by utilizing the multiple frequency points to carry out frequency hopping communication.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an architecture diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a networking method of an electric power internet of things according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless superframe and a frequency point and time slot mapping relationship diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency configuration for data transmission across time slots according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is another schematic flow chart of a networking method of an electric power internet of things according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of monitoring a wireless beacon signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a networking device of an electric power internet of things provided by the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a node provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a network architecture diagram of an electric power internet of things according to the present application, the electric power internet of things including: a master node and a plurality of slave nodes, the master node being a COO (Central Coordinator 0), and the slave nodes being a normal station STA and a PCO (Proxy Coordinator) functioning as a relay. The nodes in the power internet of things are in a tree structure, COO is provided with one or more sub-nodes, the one or more sub-nodes can be ordinary STAs or PCOs, the PCOs are provided with one or more sub-nodes, and the one or more self-nodes can also be the STAs or the PCOs. Any node in the power internet of things can be a single-mode node or a dual-mode node, the single-mode node refers to a node only supporting carrier wired communication, and the dual-mode node refers to a node supporting both wireless communication and carrier wired communication. Then, the following three ways of communication may be adopted for any two adjacent nodes in the power internet of things: carrier-mode communication, wireless-mode communication, and simultaneous carrier-mode and wireless-mode communication.
In the power internet of things, for the dual-mode node, signals are forbidden to be sent on the carrier channel and the wireless channel at the same time, and the phenomenon that the intelligent electric meter is overloaded due to overlarge instantaneous power consumption of the node is avoided.
The node in the application can be an intelligent electric meter, an intelligent water meter or other types of intelligent instruments and the like.
The networking method of the power internet of things provided by the embodiment of the application will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 2 to 3. The device for executing the networking method of the power internet of things in the embodiment of the present application may be a wireless node shown in fig. 1.
Please refer to fig. 2, which provides a schematic flow chart of a networking method of an electric power internet of things according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method of the embodiment of the present application may include the steps of:
and S201, after power-on, performing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points.
The power internet comprises a main node and a slave node, the nodes (the main node or the slave node) in the power internet of things are generally in wireless communication by using a common frequency band after the main node and the slave node are powered on, the common frequency band is divided into a plurality of channels, the bandwidth of each channel is equal, the center frequency of each channel is the frequency point of the channel, and two adjacent channels can be overlapped or not overlapped. The main node performs channel noise scanning on channels where the m frequency points are located after being powered on, the channel noise scanning is used for evaluating the noise interference degree of each channel, channel quality parameter values of each frequency point are obtained through the channel scanning, and the channel quality parameter values can be signal-to-noise ratio values or noise power values and the like. The main node can perform multiple rounds of channel noise scanning on the m frequency points, and then average the multiple rounds of scanning results to obtain a final scanning result. After the slave node is powered on, the channel noise scanning is executed on the m frequency points in the same manner as described above, and details are not described here.
Further, the scan results of the channel noise scan may be expressed using decimal values, such as: the parameter value of the channel quality parameter of each frequency point; the scan results may also be represented using binary values of specified length, for example: two bits are used to represent the channel quality of each channel: 11 indicates that the channel quality is ultra high, 10 indicates that the channel quality is high, 01 indicates that the channel quality is low, and 00 indicates that the channel quality is low.
For example, the working frequency band of the power internet is 470MHz to 510MHz, the working frequency band is divided into 400 channels, that is, 400 frequency points are corresponded, the bandwidth of each channel is 200KHz, and the overlapping bandwidth between two adjacent channels is 100KHz, that is, half of the overlapping channel bandwidth. Each channel scan time is 5 milliseconds, then the time to perform a round of scanning is 2 seconds. The master node performs a total of 3 scans, taking 6 seconds.
S202, after the channel scanning is finished, broadcasting the wired beacon signal through the carrier channel.
After the main node finishes channel scanning, the main node broadcasts a wired beacon signal through a wired carrier channel. When the wired beacon signal is sent, the master node selects the slave node to directly or indirectly broadcast the wired beacon signal according to the current network topology condition of the power internet, directly indicates that the master node is directly connected with the slave node, and indirectly indicates that the master node performs relay transmission with the slave node through at least one relay node.
S203, receiving an association request message sent by the slave node in response to the wired beacon signal.
The slave nodes which are not accessed to the network monitor the wired beacon signals in the carrier channel, and when the wired beacon signals are monitored, association request messages are directly sent to the master node, or association request messages are sent to the master node through other relay nodes which are accessed to the network. The association request message carries the device identifier of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node, and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity at m frequency points by the slave node, and the process of executing channel scanning by the slave node and the method for representing the scanning result may refer to the description of the master node in S201, which is not described herein again. The device identifier is used for uniquely representing a physical identity of the device, and the device identifier may be a MAC address or an IMEI, etc. The device type parameter value indicates a device type of the slave node and a supported communication mode, the device type includes a repeater, a type II collector, a type I collector, and the like, and the communication mode is classified into a dual mode (wired communication and wireless communication) and a single mode (only wired communication is supported).
For example, see table 1, a field of a new device type and a field of a wireless channel noise strength scan result in the association request message. The length of the field of the device type is 5 bits, and the length of the field of the wireless channel noise strength scanning result is 800 fields. The meaning represented by each value of the device type is shown in table 1, and the scanning results of the noise intensity of the wireless channel are the scanning results of 400 frequency points in total, and each frequency point uses two bits to represent the channel quality.
TABLE 1
The method and the device can also indicate the dual-mode internet of things or the single-mode internet of things through adding fields of network types in the MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) and parameter values of different network types. For example: referring to table 2, when the parameter value of the network type is equal to 1, it indicates that the power internet of things is a dual-mode network, that is, wired communication and wireless communication are simultaneously supported; when the parameter value of the network type is equal to 0, the power internet of things is a single-mode network, that is, only traditional wired communication is supported.
TABLE 2
And S204, if the equipment identifier of the slave node is in a preset equipment white list, distributing a network address for the slave node.
The master node is pre-stored or pre-configured with a device white list, the device white list includes device identifiers of N slave nodes allowed to access the network, and the N slave nodes are determined during network planning of the power internet of things. After analyzing the device identification from the association request message, the master node judges whether the device identification is located in a preset device white list, and if not, the slave node is not allowed to access the network; if so, allowing the slave node to access the network, and allocating a network address to the slave node, where the network address represents a unique identity of the node in the power internet of things, and different nodes have different network addresses, for example: the network address is a network short address.
For example, a method of assigning a network address to a slave node comprises: the network address of the master node is 0, and numbering is started from 1, 2,. and N in sequence according to the network access sequence of the slave nodes.
S205, sending the association confirmation message to the slave node.
If the master node allows the slave node to access the network, the master node sends an association request message to the slave node, and the association request message carries the network address allocated to the slave node in the step S204. According to the method from S201 to S205, the carrier channel network access process is executed for each slave node.
And S206, after the carrier channel is accessed to the network for the preset time, evaluating the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the main node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes respectively.
The preset duration can be determined according to actual requirements, the application is not limited, after the carrier channel network access process of the preset duration, X slave nodes in the N slave nodes may successfully access the network, and X is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. The main node and the X slave nodes periodically scan channels on the m frequency points, the main node evaluates the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning results of the main node and the scanning results of the X slave nodes, and the channel quality of the m frequency points is jointly evaluated by using the scanning results of the nodes distributed at different positions, so that the evaluation accuracy can be improved.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes are represented as:
wherein λ isi,jIndicating node i at frequency point jThe decimal channel quality parameter value of (1), i ═ 0, 1., X, j ═ 0, 1., m-1, where the quality estimation vector ω of the m frequency points is expressed as:
for example, if the number (network address) of the master node is 0, the numbers (network addresses) of the slave nodes are 1 to X, m is 400, and the frequency points are 0 to 399, the scanning results of the master node and the X slave nodes on the 400 frequency points are represented as follows:
and S207, selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result.
The master node determines the evaluation results of the m frequency points according to S206, selects at least two frequency points from the m frequency points as target frequency points, and the number of the selected at least two frequency points may be determined according to actual requirements, which is not limited in the present application. For example: and selecting 6 frequency points with the optimal channel quality from the m frequency points as target frequency points.
And S208, executing a wireless channel network access process based on at least two frequency points.
Each node (the master node and the slave nodes) executes a wireless channel network access process and wireless data transmission by using at least two frequency points and time slot configurations selected in the step S208, and then a dual-mode power internet is obtained after the wireless channel network access process is completed, wherein two adjacent nodes in the power internet communicate in a wireless mode, a wired mode or a dual-mode.
In some embodiments of the present application, the superframe structure of the carrier channel is consistent with the prior art, and may be specifically referred to the specification of national network standards. The wireless superframe comprises N +1 common subframes, 1 silent subframe and N +1 common subframes; the N +1 common subframes and the N +1 nodes are in a one-to-one mapping relationship, and the N +1 nodes are N slave nodes allowed to access the network in a white list of the master node and the equipment; n +1 nodes all perform wireless channel noise intensity scanning in the silent subframe; each common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to the node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N +1 nodes in a competition mode.
For example, referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a superframe structure of a wireless channel according to the present application, a master node starts to perform a network access procedure of the wireless channel ten minutes after performing a network access procedure of a carrier channel. The wireless superframe comprises N +2 subframes, wherein the N +2 subframes are specifically N +1 common subframes and 1 silent subframe, the silent subframe is a special subframe, and N is the number of device identifiers of slave nodes allowed to access the network, which are contained in a preset device white list; each subframe comprises 30 time slots, the TDMA slot area in the subframe comprises 6 subframes, and the CSMA time slot comprises 24 subframes, and the length of each time slot is equal to the maximum single signal transmission time length in the physical layer waveform of the node.
The method comprises the following steps that N +1 common subframes and N nodes (a main node and N slave nodes allowing network access) are in one-to-one mapping relation, the network address of the main node is 0, the network addresses of the slave nodes are 1-N in sequence, and the network addresses of the slave nodes are distributed by the main node through a carrier channel network access flow or a wireless channel network access flow. The TDMA time slot area in the kth sub-frame in the wireless superframe is fixedly allocated to a node with a network address of k, if the node with the network address of k is not accessed to the network, the TDMA time slot area is fixedly allocated to a main node for use, and the CSMA time slot area is used by N +1 nodes in a competition mode based on a CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) mechanism. And the last subframe in the wireless superframe is a silent subframe, all nodes in the silent subframe forbid sending wireless signals, and all network access nodes execute wireless channel noise interference intensity scanning on m frequency points in the silent subframe.
In one or more possible embodiments, the selected at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group;
wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups;
and the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with the optimal channel quality selected according to the evaluation results of the m frequency points.
For example, referring to fig. 3, the first frequency group includes 3 frequency points: f1, f2, and f3, the second frequency group comprising 3 frequency bins: f4, f5 and f6, the first frequency group comprises 3 frequency points mapped to the first 3 common time slots of the TDMA time slot area, the second frequency group comprises 3 frequency points mapped to the last 3 common time slots of the TDMA time slot area, and the second frequency group comprises 3 frequency points mapped to the 24 common time slots of the CSMA time slot area. Each node is configured with 8 frequency groups F ═ F1, F2.. F8}, each frequency group includes 3 frequency points, and one frequency group is selected from the 8 frequency groups as a first frequency group. In order to reduce interference between frequencies, frequency points in each frequency group are uniformly distributed on a working frequency band of the power internet of things, for example: 470 MHz-510 MHz. And the distance between the frequencies of the different frequency groups is also at least 3 times greater than the maximum communication channel bandwidth. The 3 frequency points f4, f5 and f6 included in the second frequency group are obtained by selecting 3 frequency points with the best channel quality from the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning result of the X slave nodes.
Further, the method of selecting f1, f2, and f3 included in the first frequency group may be: based on the scanning results of the master node and the X slave nodes, channel quality parameter values of 24 frequency points in total of 8 frequency groups are obtained, the frequency point with the worst channel quality in each of the 8 frequency groups is determined, and the frequency group with the frequency point with the best channel quality in the 8 frequency points is determined as a first frequency group aiming at the obtained 8 frequency points.
In the CSMA slot region, each node contends for a slot to transmit data using a CSMA mechanism. The rule that the node sends signals in the CSMA time slot area is as follows: when the current time slot acquires a signal sending opportunity, the node allows the target data to be sent across the time slot when the remaining duration of the current time slot is less than the signal sending duration of the target data, but the synchronization head of the target data must be ensured to completely fall on the current time slot and the sending frequency is the frequency point mapped by the current time slot, and the frequency points of the current time slot and the next time slot are the same.
For example, referring to fig. 4, when a node contends for a signal transmission opportunity in time slot 1, and the signal transmission duration of target data is longer than the remaining duration of time slot 1, the 1 st target data is transmitted using time slot 1 and time slot 2, the synchronization header of the target data falls in time slot 1, the signal payload falls in time slot 1 and time slot 2, and the transmission frequencies of the synchronization header and the payload are both f 4.
For a node in a receiving state, the node receives target data on a frequency point corresponding to a time slot, and if the synchronization on the time slot is successful, the receiving frequency is switched after the target data is received; if the synchronization is not successful on the time slot, the switching of the receiving frequency is performed after the end of the time slot.
In this embodiment, the frequency points in the first frequency group and the second frequency group are determined by the master node based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning result reported by the slave node accessing the network. In order to avoid frequent switching of the frequency points of the first frequency group and the second frequency group, the updating rule of the application is as follows:
recording a minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group as R, recording a minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups as E, and triggering the switching of the first frequency group if E is more than or equal to 1.1R;
the update rule of the first frequency group is as follows:
and recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group as W, recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in the frequency points of the m frequency points except the frequency point of the first frequency group as S, wherein S is more than or equal to 1.1W, and triggering and switching the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group.
For example, according to the above example, the first frequency group comprises frequency bins f1, f2, and f3, and the second frequency group comprises frequency bins f4, f5, and f 6. The preset is composed of 8 frequency groups, and the first frequency group is one of the 8 frequency groups.
For f1, f2, and f3, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the currently used first frequency group is denoted as R, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the other 7 frequency groups except the currently used first frequency group in the 8 frequency groups is denoted as E, and if E is greater than or equal to 1.1R, the switching of the currently used first frequency group is triggered, and the method for selecting the first frequency group refers to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
For f4, f5 and f6, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the currently used second frequency group is recorded as W, the minimum channel quality parameter value in the rest frequency points except the second frequency group in the m frequency points is recorded as S, if S is greater than or equal to 1.1W, the master node triggers the switching of the currently used second frequency group, and the frequency point corresponding to the minimum channel quality parameter value is switched each time. In the application, the minimum channel quality parameter value corresponds to the frequency point with the worst channel quality.
In the embodiment of the application, in order to facilitate the node to know at least two frequency points used by the wireless network in time, specific values of the at least two frequency points newly and selectively added to the wired beacon signal of the carrier channel are specified.
For example: referring to tables 3 and 4, fields of the wireless communication frame frequency point information entries are added to the wired beacon signal.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
On the wireless side, each network-accessing node uses a TDMA time slot to distinguish the frequency points of the first frequency group on the allocated sub-frame to send a wireless beacon signal, and the wireless beacon signal carries at least two selected frequency points.
For example: referring to fig. 3, a network-accessing node transmits a wireless beacon signal using 3 timeslots and 3 frequency points f1, f2, and f3 of a TDMA timeslot area on an allocated subframe, where the wireless beacon signal carries selected 5 frequency points: f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f 6.
Further, referring to fig. 5, after the dual-mode slave node is powered on and finishes the wireless channel scanning, a network access procedure of the carrier channel is started, if the dual-mode slave node does not access the network within the preset time, it is possible that the dual-mode slave node may be a carrier communication orphan, and the wireless channel network access procedure is continuously executed:
s501, if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time length, obtaining channel evaluation parameter values of all frequency points contained in a plurality of frequency groups.
And S502, determining a channel evaluation parameter value with the optimal channel quality.
And S503, taking the frequency group where the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is as a target frequency group.
And S504, monitoring the wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group.
And S505, when the wireless beacon signal is monitored, acquiring network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal. The network superframe information indicates the structure of the wireless superframe, for example: the structure of the wireless superframe is shown in fig. 3.
S506, synchronization is achieved through network time reference, and the association request message is sent through the CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information.
Wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier.
And S507, after receiving the association confirmation message, successfully accessing the network in a wireless channel mode.
For example, referring to fig. 6, the dual-mode slave node extracts channel quality parameter values of 24 frequency points in total of 8 frequency groups from a wireless channel scanning result, then obtains a minimum value of quality parameter values of 3 frequency points in each frequency group, and orders the 8 frequency groups from large to small based on the size of the minimum value; the wireless beacon signal is monitored by selecting the 1 st frequency group (i.e., the first frequency group), where the first frequency group includes frequency bins f1, f2, and f 3.
The monitoring time length T of each frequency point is equal to the length of 3.3 common time slots, and the monitoring mode can ensure that the monitoring node can capture the wireless beacon signals of not less than 1 frequency point as long as the monitoring node is in the coverage range of the transmitted signals.
The maximum monitoring time of each frequency group is set to be C minutes, the value of C is forcibly regulated, the maximum monitoring time can be flexibly and autonomously set by each manufacturer, and if the wireless beacon signals cannot be monitored in the time, the next frequency group is replaced for monitoring.
After a wireless beacon signal is monitored, because the wireless beacon signal carries network superframe information and a network time reference, the dual-mode master node utilizes the network time reference to realize network time synchronization and acquires specific values of 6 frequency points of the wireless network, and sends an association request message to a sending node of the wireless beacon signal in a CSMA time slot area, and subsequent relay transmission and network access processes of the association request message use the content of the existing carrier protocol, so that repeated description is omitted.
The embodiment of the application has the following effects: firstly, the frequency points for wireless communication are selected based on the scanning results of the master node and the slave nodes on the multiple frequency points, so that the frequency points occupied by other systems can be avoided, the interference of the power internet of things on other systems is reduced, and the reliability of communication is improved. The network can be ensured to adaptively avoid the communication channels occupied by the broadcast television; secondly, networking is performed through a carrier channel and a wireless channel, so that the success rate of node networking can be improved, and the existence of isolated nodes is avoided to the greatest extent; and thirdly, wireless communication and networking are carried out through the selected multiple frequency points, channel fading of communication noise caused by the fact that the dual-mode node uses a single frequency point is avoided, and the reliability of communication can be improved by utilizing the multiple frequency points to carry out frequency hopping communication.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform embodiments of the method of the present application. For details which are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Please refer to fig. 7, which shows a schematic structural diagram of a networking device of an electric power internet of things according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The apparatus may be implemented as all or part of the nodes of fig. 1 by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The networking device 7 (hereinafter referred to as device 9) of the power internet of things includes a transceiver unit 701 and a processing unit 702.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points after being electrified; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further configured to broadcast a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the transceiver unit after channel noise scanning is completed;
the processing unit is further configured to receive, through the transceiving unit, an association request packet sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the device identification of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity of the slave node at m frequency points;
the processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network and allocate a network address to the slave node if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list; the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send a correlation acknowledgement packet to the slave node through the transceiving unit; wherein the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes after executing a carrier channel network access process for a preset duration; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
the processing unit is further configured to select at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
the processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access process based on the at least two frequency points.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scanning result of each frequency point is represented by at least two bits.
In one or more possible embodiments, the channel bandwidths corresponding to the frequency points are equal, the channels corresponding to the adjacent frequency points are overlapped by half, and each node performs multiple wireless channel noise intensity scans.
In one or more possible embodiments, a wireless superframe includes N +1 normal subframes and 1 silent subframe, where the N +1 normal subframes and N +1 nodes are in a one-to-one mapping relationship, and the N +1 nodes are the master node and the N slave nodes allowed to access the network; the silence subframe is used for instructing a node to perform wireless channel noise intensity scanning;
the common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to the node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N +1 nodes in a competition mode.
In one or more possible embodiments, the at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group;
wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups;
and the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with the optimal channel quality selected from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result.
In one or more possible embodiments, the update rule of the first frequency group is:
recording a minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group as R, recording a minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups as E, and triggering the switching of the first frequency group if E is more than or equal to 1.1R;
the update rule of the first frequency group is as follows:
and if S is larger than or equal to 1.1W, triggering and switching the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group.
In one or more possible embodiments, the scan results of the master node and the X slave nodes are represented as:
wherein λ isi,jA decimal channel quality parameter value representing a node i at a frequency point j, i being 0, 1.
In one or more possible embodiments, when a node contends for a signal transmission opportunity in a current time slot, if a transmission duration of a target is longer than a remaining duration of the current time slot, the node transmits the target data in the current time slot and a next time slot, and the current time slot and the next time slot use the same frequency point.
In one or more possible embodiments, the carrier beacon signal and the wireless beacon signal carry the frequency point number and the frequency point of the first frequency group and the second frequency group.
Example two:
the processing unit is used for acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of each frequency point contained in a plurality of frequency groups if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time length;
the processing unit is further configured to determine a channel estimation parameter value with the optimal channel quality;
the processing unit is further configured to use a frequency group in which the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located as a target frequency group;
the processing unit is also used for monitoring the wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
the processing unit is further configured to acquire network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal when the transceiver unit monitors the wireless beacon signal;
the processing unit is also used for realizing synchronization through a network time reference and sending an association request message through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier; the processing unit is further configured to successfully access the network in a wireless channel manner after receiving the association confirmation message through the transceiver unit.
In one or more possible embodiments, the listening duration on each frequency bin is greater than or equal to 3.3 times the length of the normal time slot.
It should be noted that, when the device 7 provided in the foregoing embodiment executes the networking method of the power internet of things, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the networking device of the power internet of things and the networking method embodiment of the power internet of things provided by the embodiments belong to the same concept, and details of the implementation process are found in the method embodiment and are not described herein again.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a plurality of instructions, where the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method steps in the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 6, and a specific execution process may refer to specific descriptions of the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 6, which are not described herein again.
The present application further provides a computer program product, which stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the networking method of the power internet of things according to the above embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 8, which provides a schematic structural diagram of a node according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the node may be a master node or a slave node in fig. 1, and the networking device 800 of the power internet of things may include: at least one processor 801, at least one network interface 804, a user interface 803, a memory 805, at least one communication bus 802.
Wherein a communication bus 802 is used to enable connective communication between these components.
The user interface 803 is an interface for a user to interact with a server, and may include a Display screen (Display) and a Camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 803 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface.
The network interface 804 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface).
The Memory 805 may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 805 includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 805 may be used to store instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 805 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described above, and the like; the storage data area may store data and the like referred to in the above respective method embodiments. The memory 805 may optionally be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor 801 as previously described. As shown in fig. 8, the memory 805, which is a kind of computer storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program.
In the electronic device 800 shown in fig. 8, the user interface 803 is mainly used as an interface for providing input for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and the processor 801 may be configured to invoke an application program stored in the memory 805 and to perform the method described in the method embodiments of fig. 2 or fig. 5 in particular.
The concept of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment of the method in fig. 2 or fig. 5, and the technical effects brought by the embodiment are also the same, and the specific process can refer to the description of the embodiment in fig. 2 or fig. 5, which is not described again here.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, so that the present application is not limited thereto, and all equivalent variations and modifications can be made to the present application.
Claims (15)
1. A networking method of an electric power Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after power-on, performing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
broadcasting a wired beacon signal through a carrier channel after channel noise scanning is finished;
receiving an association request message sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the device identification of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity of the slave node at m frequency points;
if the equipment identifier of the slave node is located in a preset equipment white list, allowing the slave node to access the network and distributing a network address for the slave node; the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
sending a correlation confirmation message to the slave node; wherein the association confirmation message carries the network address;
after a preset time length is set after a carrier channel network access process is executed, evaluating the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the main node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes respectively; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
selecting at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
and executing a wireless channel network access process based on the at least two frequency points.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scanning result of each frequency bin is represented by at least two bits.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channel bandwidth corresponding to each frequency point is equal, the channels corresponding to adjacent frequency points are overlapped by half, and each node performs multiple wireless channel noise intensity scans.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein a wireless superframe comprises N +1 normal subframes and 1 silence subframe, the N +1 normal subframes and N +1 nodes are in a one-to-one mapping relationship, and the N +1 nodes are the master node and the N slave nodes allowed to access the network; the silence subframe is used for instructing a node to perform wireless channel noise intensity scanning;
the common subframe consists of a TDMA time slot area and a CSMA time slot area, the TDMA time slot area in the common subframe is fixedly allocated to the node mapped by the common subframe, and the time slot in the CSMA time slot area in the common subframe is obtained by the N +1 nodes in a competition mode.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least two frequency points are divided into a first frequency group and a second frequency group;
wherein the first frequency group is selected from a plurality of preset frequency groups;
and the second frequency group is a plurality of frequency points with the optimal channel quality selected from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first set of frequencies is updated according to the following rules:
recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in the first frequency group as R, recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in other frequency groups except the first frequency group in the plurality of frequency groups as E, and triggering the switching of the first frequency group if E is more than or equal to 1.1R;
the update rule of the first frequency group is as follows:
and recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group as W, recording the minimum channel quality parameter value in the frequency points except the frequency points of the first frequency group as S in the m frequency points, and triggering and switching the frequency point with the minimum channel quality parameter value in the second frequency group if the S is more than or equal to 1.1W.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the scanning results of the master node and the X slave nodes are expressed as:
wherein λ isi,jA decimal channel quality parameter value representing a node i at a frequency point j, i being 0, 1.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein when a node contends for a signal transmission opportunity in a current time slot, if a transmission duration of a target is longer than a remaining duration of the current time slot, the target data is transmitted in the current time slot and a next time slot, and the current time slot and the next time slot use the same frequency point.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein carrier beacon signals and wireless beacon signals carry the number of frequency bins and the frequency bins of the first frequency group and the second frequency group.
10. A networking method of an electric power Internet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within the preset time length, acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of each frequency point contained in a plurality of frequency groups;
determining a channel evaluation parameter value with optimal channel quality;
taking the frequency group where the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located as a target frequency group;
monitoring wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
when a wireless beacon signal is monitored, network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal are acquired;
synchronization is realized through a network time reference, and an association request message is sent through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier;
and after receiving the association confirmation message, successfully accessing the network in a wireless channel mode.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the listening duration on each frequency bin is greater than or equal to 3.3 times the length of the normal timeslot.
12. The utility model provides a networking device of electric power thing networking which characterized in that is applied to the host node, and this networking device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit;
the processing unit is used for executing channel noise scanning on the m frequency points after being electrified; wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
the processing unit is further configured to broadcast a wired beacon signal through the carrier channel of the transceiver unit after channel noise scanning is completed;
the processing unit is further configured to receive, through the transceiving unit, an association request packet sent by a slave node in response to the wired beacon signal; the association request message carries the device identification of the slave node, the device type parameter value of the slave node and the scanning result obtained by scanning the wireless channel noise intensity of the slave node at m frequency points;
the processing unit is further configured to allow the slave node to access the network and allocate a network address to the slave node if the device identifier of the slave node is located in a preset device white list; the address white list contains the device identifications of N slave nodes allowed to access the network;
the processing unit is further configured to send a correlation acknowledgement packet to the slave node through the transceiving unit; wherein the association confirmation message carries the network address;
the processing unit is further configured to evaluate the channel quality of the m frequency points based on the scanning result of the master node and the scanning results reported by the X slave nodes after executing a carrier channel network access process for a preset duration; wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and X is an integer;
the processing unit is further configured to select at least two frequency points from the m frequency points according to the evaluation result;
the processing unit is further configured to execute a wireless channel network access process based on the at least two frequency points.
13. The utility model provides a networking device of electric power thing networking which characterized in that is applied to the bimodulus node, and this networking device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit;
the processing unit is used for acquiring channel evaluation parameter values of each frequency point contained in a plurality of frequency groups if the network is not accessed in a carrier channel mode within a preset time length;
the processing unit is further configured to determine a channel estimation parameter value with the optimal channel quality;
the processing unit is further configured to use a frequency group in which the channel quality parameter value with the optimal channel quality is located as a target frequency group;
the processing unit is also used for monitoring the wireless beacon signals on each frequency point contained in the target frequency group;
the processing unit is further configured to acquire network superframe information and a network time reference carried in the wireless beacon signal when the transceiver unit monitors the wireless beacon signal;
the processing unit is also used for realizing synchronization through a network time reference and sending an association request message through a CSMA time slot area indicated by the network superframe information; wherein, the association request message carries the device identifier;
the processing unit is further configured to successfully access the network in a wireless channel manner after receiving the association confirmation message through the transceiver unit.
14. A computer storage medium, characterized in that it stores a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to carry out the method steps according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
15. A node, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the method steps of any of claims 1 to 11.
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