CN113607645B - Forest area canopy density information acquisition device and measurement method - Google Patents
Forest area canopy density information acquisition device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113607645B CN113607645B CN202110878795.6A CN202110878795A CN113607645B CN 113607645 B CN113607645 B CN 113607645B CN 202110878795 A CN202110878795 A CN 202110878795A CN 113607645 B CN113607645 B CN 113607645B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forest area canopy density information acquisition device, which comprises: remove base, measuring stick, toolbox, telescopic link, brace table, measuring stick, the one end of measuring stick is passed through the connecting piece and is connected with the drive disk activity, the measuring stick includes the body of rod, the upper surface of the body of rod is provided with light sensor, light sensor's quantity is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor arranges along body of rod direction list equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit of the body of rod, the time of every light sensor receipt light is recorded to data processing unit to calculate the regional canopy of forest. The method solves the problems that the shooting condition is difficult to accurately judge, and the distance between the working height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground is difficult to determine, so that the reliability of a measurement result is poor due to the fact that the lower vegetation and the high vegetation are intersected with each other in the existing measurement method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forest area canopy density information acquisition device and a measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of forestry.
Background
The forest canopy density refers to the ratio of the vertical projection area of a crown in a forest land to the forest land area, is generally expressed by ten fractions, is 1 for completely covering the ground, can clearly obtain the coverage degree of forest vegetation according to the forest area canopy density information, reflects the density of the forest vegetation, provides a group of accurate and reliable parameters for forest management departments to judge the forest state, is usually the dense forest with the density of more than or equal to 0.7, is the medium-density canopy density forest with the density of 0.2-0.69, and is the sparse forest with the density of less than 0.2.
According to the existing measurement method, an unmanned aerial vehicle is used for photographing at high altitude, then forest area closing degree data are obtained through analysis of multiple groups of images, when practical use is achieved, the situation that lower vegetation and high vegetation are intersected with each other is difficult to judge accurately, the distance between the working height of the unmanned aerial vehicle at high altitude and the ground is difficult to determine, the area of the actually photographed area is calculated inaccurately, and therefore the reliability of the obtained result is poor.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a forest area canopy density information acquisition device and a measuring method with good use effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a forest area canopy density information acquisition device and a measuring method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a forest area canopy density information acquisition device, comprising: a movable base; the measuring rod is arranged above the movable base;
further comprises:
the tool box is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base, the top of the tool box is fixedly connected with a connecting disc, and the top of the connecting disc is provided with an inserting port;
the bottom end of the telescopic rod is movably connected to the inner side of the connecting disc, the top end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a small motor, the rotating shaft of the small motor is coaxial with the telescopic rod, and the side surface of the output shaft of the small motor is fixedly connected with a transmission disc;
the supporting table is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod and is close to the top end of the telescopic rod;
the measuring rod, the one end of measuring rod is passed through the connecting piece and is connected with the transmission is twined the activity, the measuring rod includes the body of rod, the upper surface of body of rod is provided with light sensor, light sensor's quantity is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor is arranged along body of rod direction list row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit of body of rod, the time of every light sensor receipt light is recorded to data processing unit to calculate the regional canopy of forest.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the bottom of the movable base is fixedly connected with four groups of support rods close to four corners, and the bottom ends of the four groups of support rods are fixedly connected with travelling wheels.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the tool box comprises:
the box body is provided with an opening on one side surface, a step lock hole is formed in the inner top surface of the box body and close to the opening, and the large hole is close to the inner side of the box body;
the hinge door is movably connected to the inner side of the opening through a pin shaft piece;
the clamping device comprises a frame-shaped clamping seat, wherein a bayonet of the frame-shaped clamping seat is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat is positioned in a step lock hole punching part, and a bevel angle is formed on a clamping foot, which is close to the outer side, of the frame-shaped clamping seat;
the bottom end of the elastic block is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat, and the top end of the elastic block is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step lock hole;
the groove-shaped sliding rod is positioned in the step lock hole, the bottom end of the groove-shaped sliding rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat, the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod extends out of the step lock hole, and the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod is fixedly connected with a handle.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the number of the elastic blocks is two, and the two elastic blocks are distributed on two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the telescopic rod includes:
the bottom end of the lower rod cylinder extends into the connecting disc, a clamping block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower rod cylinder, and a sliding notch is formed in the side face of the lower rod cylinder;
go up the slide bar, the bottom of going up the slide bar stretches into the inside of lower pole section of thick bamboo, the side of going up the slide bar and be located the inside threaded connection of slip notch have the fastening nail, the outer tip of fastening nail is located the outside of lower pole section of thick bamboo, the motor installation mouth has been seted up on the top of going up the slide bar, the side of going up the slide bar is provided with screw thread portion, screw thread portion is close to the top of going up the slide bar.
For further description of the above technical solution:
the support table includes:
the annular seat is provided with threads on the side surface of the inner ring and is in threaded connection with the threaded part;
the inner ring side surface of the supporting ring is fixedly connected with the outer ring side surface of the annular seat;
the top of montant fixed connection is in the bottom surface of annular seat, the quantity of montant is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of montant annular array arranges.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the drive disk includes: the disc body is provided with a center ring, an output shaft of the small motor is positioned in the center ring, and the side surface of the disc body is provided with an inserting hole;
the connector includes: the semicircular connecting block, a side fixedly connected with inserted block of semicircular connecting block, inserted block and jack phase-match, a side that semicircular connecting block deviates from the inserted block is provided with movable mouth, the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle of movable mouth, the side of the body of rod just is close to the tip and is provided with the connecting hole, and the connecting axle inserts the inside of connecting hole.
The measuring method of the forest area canopy density information acquisition device comprises the following steps:
pushing the movable base to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base and any tree to be larger than the length of the measuring rod, and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, starting a small motor to rotate at a constant speed, driving a transmission disc to rotate, further driving a measuring rod to rotate for one circle, and recording the light receiving time t of each light sensor by a data processing unit in the rotation process 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n Wherein n is the number of light sensors;
step three, the data processing unit obtains the time t 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n Carrying out a formula to obtain the canopy density of the forest area;
the formula is:
wherein t is i R is the time of light receiving of the light sensor i For the distance between the position of the corresponding light sensor and the small motor, T is the time required by the small motor to rotate at a constant speed, R is the length of the measuring rod, and a is the length of the light sensor along the length direction of the measuring rod.
For further description of the above technical solution:
the use state is as follows: the telescopic link is installed on the connection pad, and the telescopic link is in the extension state, and the top of brace table and the bottom parallel and level of driving disk, and the measuring stick is in the installed state, and the measuring stick is in the horizontality.
For further description of the above technical solution:
and (3) installing the measuring rod on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the canopy density of the forest area.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art
1) According to the invention, the small motor drives the transmission disc and the connecting piece to rotate through the supporting driving structure provided with the measuring rod and the bottom, so that the measuring rod is driven to rotate for one circle, the time for the light sensor to receive light is recorded through the coordination of the light sensor arranged on the upper surface of the measuring rod and the data processing unit, and the forest region canopy information can be calculated through a brought formula;
2) The invention has the advantages that the mobile base structure is arranged, the walking wheel structure is arranged at the bottom of the mobile base, the device can be conveniently driven to move, the device can be moved to a measuring position, and the measuring structure above the device can be stably supported;
3) The front side of the tool box is provided with the opening, the opening part is provided with the hinge door structure capable of being closed and opened by the hinge, necessary tools for storing forest area measurement and personal articles can be stored in the tool box, the top of the tool box is connected with the elastic block through the frame type clamping seat structure, when the tool box is used, the frame type clamping seat is pushed upwards by impacting the oblique angle position of the clamping foot arranged on the outer side of the frame type clamping seat when the hinge door is pushed inwards, the elastic block is compressed, the top of the hinge door is clamped into the inner side of the frame type clamping seat, the purpose of fixing the hinge door is achieved, when the tool box needs to be opened, a user manually swings the handle upwards, the frame type clamping seat is pushed upwards, the elastic block is compressed, the hinge door is opened forwards automatically, and the tool box is very convenient to use;
4) The two elastic block structures are arranged and are respectively positioned at the two sides of the groove-shaped slide bar, so that the stress of the two clamping legs of the frame-shaped clamping seat is balanced, and the frame-shaped clamping seat cannot incline after being used for a period of time, so that the using function is not influenced;
5) The telescopic rod structure is arranged at the bottom end of the lower rod barrel, the clamping block structure is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lower rod barrel, the clamping block is aligned with the insertion port when the telescopic rod is used, the clamping block and the bottom end of the lower rod barrel extend into the inner side of the connecting disc, the clamping block is rotated for a certain angle to stagger the insertion port, the purpose of fixing the lower rod barrel can be achieved, the upper sliding rod is arranged in the lower rod barrel and can slide manually, and the fastening nail slides in the sliding notch and is fixed after being regulated to a proper height when the upper sliding rod is slid;
6) The supporting table is in threaded connection with the threaded part of the upper sliding rod, the height of the supporting table can be adjusted by rotating the supporting table, the measuring rod is supported, one end part of the measuring rod is movably connected, the limiting position is carried out, then the supporting is carried out, the measuring rod is horizontal, the vertical rod structure arranged at the bottom end of the measuring rod is convenient for a user to rotate the supporting table;
7) The invention is provided with the transmission disc and the connecting piece structure, the transmission disc is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the small motor (namely, the transmission disc can rotate under the drive of the small motor), the side surface of the transmission disc is provided with the jack, the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the measuring rod through the connecting shaft (the measuring rod can rotate along the axis of the connecting shaft), the side surface of the connecting piece is provided with the inserting block, and the inserting block can be detachably connected in the jack to realize that the small motor drives the measuring rod to rotate;
8) The invention designs a using method of the forest area canopy closure degree information acquisition device, and discloses a calculation formula, wherein the rotation of the measuring rod is limited to a uniform rotation for one circle, so that a simpler calculation formula is obtained, and the forest area canopy closure degree can be rapidly calculated;
9) The invention limits the position of the measuring rod in the use state and the proper position of the small motor capable of driving the measuring rod to rotate, and the reliability of the measuring result can be improved in the use state;
10 According to the invention, the measuring rod is arranged on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the forest area closing degree, the wing of the unmanned aerial vehicle can horizontally rotate, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can walk in the forest, so that the measurement is more convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3B in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5 at C in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving disc and a connecting member according to the present invention
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Legend description:
1. a movable base; 101. a support rod; 102. a walking wheel; 2. a tool box; 201. a case; 202. a hinge door; 203. a step lock hole; 204. a frame-type clamping seat; 2041. bevel angle; 205. a groove-shaped slide bar; 206. a handle; 207. an elastic block; 3. a connecting disc; 301. an insertion port; 4. a telescopic rod; 401. a lower pole barrel; 402. an upper slide bar; 403. a sliding notch; 404. fastening nails; 405. a motor mounting port; 406. a threaded portion; 407. a clamping block; 5. a support table; 501. an annular seat; 502. a vertical rod; 503. a support ring; 6. a drive plate; 601. a tray body; 602. a center ring; 603. a jack; 7. a connecting piece; 701. a semicircular connecting block; 702. a movable opening; 703. a connecting shaft; 704. inserting blocks; 8. a measuring rod; 801. a rod body; 802. a data processing unit; 803. a light sensor; 9. a small motor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a forest area canopy density information acquisition device, which comprises: a mobile base 1;
a measuring rod 8, wherein the measuring rod 8 is arranged above the movable base 1;
further comprises: the tool box 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base 1, the top of the tool box 2 is fixedly connected with a connecting disc 3, and an inserting port 301 is formed in the top of the connecting disc 3;
the telescopic rod 4 is movably connected with the bottom end of the telescopic rod 4 at the inner side of the connecting disc 3, the top end of the telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected with a small motor 9, the rotating shaft of the small motor 9 is coaxial with the telescopic rod 4, and the side surface of the output shaft of the small motor 9 is fixedly connected with a transmission disc 6;
the supporting table 5 is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod 4, and the supporting table 5 is close to the top end of the telescopic rod 4;
the measuring rod 8, the one end of measuring rod 8 passes through connecting piece 7 and driving disk 6 swing joint, measuring rod 8 includes body of rod 801, the upper surface of body of rod 801 is provided with light sensor 803, the quantity of light sensor 803 is provided with a plurality ofly, and a plurality of light sensor 803 is arranged along body of rod 801 direction single row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit 802 of body of rod 801, the time of every light sensor 803 receipt light is recorded to data processing unit 802 to calculate the forest area canopy density.
The bottom of the movable base 1 is fixedly connected with four groups of support rods 101 close to four corners, and the bottom ends of the four groups of support rods 101 are fixedly connected with travelling wheels 102.
The tool box 2 includes:
the box 201, one side of the box 201 is provided with an opening, the inner top surface of the box 201 is provided with a step lock hole 203 near the opening, and the large hole is near the inner side of the box 201;
the hinge door 202 is movably connected to the inner side of the opening through a pin shaft piece;
the frame-shaped clamping seat 204, wherein a bayonet of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204 is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat 204 is positioned in the hole punched in the step lock hole 203, and a bevel 2041 is arranged on a clamping foot, which is close to the outer side, of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204;
the bottom end of the elastic block 207 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat 204, and the top end of the elastic block 207 is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step lock hole 203;
the groove-shaped slide bar 205 is positioned in the step lock hole 203, the bottom end of the groove-shaped slide bar 205 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat 204, the top of the groove-shaped slide bar 205 extends out of the step lock hole 203, and the top of the groove-shaped slide bar 205 is fixedly connected with a handle 206.
The number of the elastic blocks 207 is two, and the two elastic blocks 207 are distributed on two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod 205.
The telescopic rod 4 includes:
the lower rod barrel 401, wherein the bottom end of the lower rod barrel 401 extends into the connecting disc 3, the bottom end of the lower rod barrel 401 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 407, and the side surface of the lower rod barrel 401 is provided with a sliding notch 403;
the upper sliding rod 402, the bottom of upper sliding rod 402 stretches into the inside of lower pole section of thick bamboo 401, the side of upper sliding rod 402 just is located the inside threaded connection of slip notch 403 and has fastener 404, the outer tip of fastener 404 is located the outside of lower pole section of thick bamboo 401, motor mounting mouth 405 has been seted up on the top of upper sliding rod 402, the side of upper sliding rod 402 is provided with screw thread portion 406, screw thread portion 406 is close to the top of upper sliding rod 402.
The support table 5 includes:
the annular seat 501, the side of the inner ring of the annular seat 501 is provided with a thread, and the threaded seat is connected with the thread part 406 in a threaded manner;
a supporting ring 503, wherein the inner ring side surface of the supporting ring 503 is fixedly connected with the outer ring side surface of the annular seat 501;
the montant 502, the top fixed connection of montant 502 is in the bottom surface of annular seat 501, the quantity of montant 502 is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of montant 502 annular array arranges.
The forest area canopy density information collection apparatus of claim 6, wherein the driving disk 6 includes: the disc body 601, wherein the disc body 601 is provided with a center ring 602, an output shaft of the small motor 9 is positioned in the center ring 602, and the side surface of the disc body 601 is provided with an inserting hole 603;
the connector 7 comprises: the semicircular connecting block 701, semicircular connecting block 701 a side fixedly connected with inserted block 704, inserted block 704 and jack 603 assorted, semicircular connecting block 701 deviates from the side of inserted block 704 and is provided with movable mouth 702, the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle 703 of movable mouth 702, the side of body of rod 801 just is close to the tip and is provided with the connecting hole, and connecting axle 703 inserts the inside of connecting hole.
The measuring method of the forest area canopy density information acquisition device comprises the following steps:
pushing the movable base 1 to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base 1 and any tree to be larger than the length of the measuring rod 8, and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, the small motor 9 is started to rotate at a constant speed, the transmission disc 6 is driven to rotate, the measuring rod 8 is driven to rotate for one circle, and the data processing unit 802 records the light receiving time t of each light sensor 803 in the rotating process 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n Where n is the number of light sensors 803;
step three, the data processing unit 802 obtains the time t 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n Carrying out a formula to obtain the canopy density of the forest area;
the formula is:
wherein t is i R is the time of light reception of the light sensor 803 i For the distance between the position of the corresponding light sensor 803 and the small motor 9, T is the time required by the small motor 9 to rotate at a constant speed, R is the length of the measuring rod 8, and a is the length direction of the light sensor 803 along the measuring rod 8Length.
The use state is as follows: the telescopic link 4 is installed on the connection pad 3, and telescopic link 4 is in the extension state, and the top of brace table 5 and the bottom parallel and level of driving disk 6, and measuring stick 8 is in the installed state, and measuring stick 8 is in the horizontality.
The measuring rod 8 is arranged on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the canopy density of the forest area.
Working principle: when the movable base 1 is used, the movable base 1 is moved to the center position of a plurality of trees, the distance between the movable base 1 and an obstacle (comprising trunks and branches) is larger than the length of the measuring rod 8, vegetation shielding is arranged on the bottom layer, the top end of the upper sliding rod 402 is higher than the vegetation on the bottom layer by adjusting the height of the telescopic rod 4, the height of the supporting table 5 is adjusted, the top of the supporting table 5 is flush with the bottom of the connecting piece 7 (namely, when the bottom of the measuring rod 8 is pressed on the supporting table 5, the measuring rod is in a horizontal position), and at the moment, the small motor 9 is started to drive the transmission disc 6 to rotate, and then the connecting piece 7 and the measuring rod 8 are driven to rotate at a uniform speed for one circle;
one rotation is the measurement of the measuring rod 8 once, a structure is obtained, and in order to enable the structure to be more accurate, the structure rotates at a constant speed for a plurality of circles, and the average value of a plurality of groups of measurement results is taken as the measurement structure;
interpretation of the formula: as shown in FIG. 9, each of the light sensors 9 forms a circular ring when rotated one round, and the area S of the circular ring is different for different distances between the light sensor 9 and the center of the circle Arc of a circle =2ra pi; ratio of time T of light reception to time T of one rotation and S Arc of a circle The product of =2ra pi can express the area of light detected by the light sensor 9;
the sum of the areas detected by the plurality of light sensors 9 and the area R through which the measuring rod 9 rotates 2 The pi ratio can reflect the forest area canopy density information.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A forest area canopy density information acquisition device, comprising:
a mobile base (1);
the measuring rod (8) is arranged above the movable base (1);
characterized by further comprising:
the tool box (2), the tool box (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base (1), the top of the tool box (2) is fixedly connected with a connecting disc (3), and the top of the connecting disc (3) is provided with an inserting port (301);
the telescopic rod (4), the bottom swing joint of telescopic rod (4) is in the inboard of connection pad (3), the top fixedly connected with small-size motor (9) of telescopic rod (4), the pivot and the telescopic rod (4) coaxial of small-size motor (9), the output shaft side fixedly connected with driving disk (6) of small-size motor (9);
the support table (5) is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod (4), and the support table (5) is close to the top end of the telescopic rod (4);
the measuring rod (8), one end of the measuring rod (8) is movably connected with the transmission disc (6) through a connecting piece (7), the measuring rod (8) comprises a rod body (801), a plurality of light sensors (803) are arranged on the upper surface of the rod body (801), the plurality of light sensors (803) are arranged in a single row at equal intervals along the direction of the rod body (801), a data processing unit (802) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the rod body (801), and the data processing unit (802) records the time for each light sensor (803) to receive light and calculates the degree of depression of a forest area;
four groups of support rods (101) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable base (1) and close to four corners, and travelling wheels (102) are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the four groups of support rods (101);
the tool box (2) comprises:
the box body (201), one side face of the box body (201) is provided with an opening, a step lock hole (203) is formed in the inner top face of the box body (201) and close to the opening, and the large hole is close to the inner side of the box body (201);
the hinge door (202) is movably connected to the inner side of the opening through a pin shaft piece;
the frame-shaped clamping seat (204), the bayonet of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) is positioned in the hole punched in the step lock hole (203), and the clamping leg, close to the outer side, of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) is provided with an oblique angle (2041);
the bottom end of the elastic block (207) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat (204), and the top end of the elastic block (207) is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step lock hole (203);
the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is positioned in the step lock hole (203), the bottom end of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-type clamping seat (204), the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) extends out of the step lock hole (203), and the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is fixedly connected with a handle (206);
the number of the elastic blocks (207) is two, and the two elastic blocks (207) are distributed on two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205);
the telescopic rod (4) comprises:
the lower rod cylinder (401), the bottom end of the lower rod cylinder (401) stretches into the connecting disc (3), a clamping block (407) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower rod cylinder (401), and a sliding notch (403) is formed in the side face of the lower rod cylinder (401);
go up slide bar (402), the inside of lower barrel (401) is stretched into to the bottom of going up slide bar (402), the side of going up slide bar (402) and the inside threaded connection who is located slip notch (403) have staple (404), the outer tip of staple (404) is located the outside of lower barrel (401), motor installation mouth (405) have been seted up on the top of going up slide bar (402), the side of going up slide bar (402) is provided with screw portion (406), screw portion (406) are close to the top of going up slide bar (402).
2. The forest area canopy closure information collection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the support table (5) comprises:
the annular seat (501) is provided with threads on the side surface of the inner ring of the annular seat (501) and is in threaded connection with the threaded part (406);
the support ring (503), the inner ring side of the support ring (503) is fixedly connected with the outer ring side of the annular seat (501);
the vertical rods (502), the top ends of the vertical rods (502) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular seat (501), a plurality of vertical rods (502) are arranged in an annular array mode, and the vertical rods (502) are arranged in a plurality of annular arrays.
3. Forest area canopy density information acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive disc (6) comprises: the disc body (601), the disc body (601) is provided with a center ring (602), an output shaft of the small motor (9) is positioned in the center ring (602), and the side surface of the disc body (601) is provided with an inserting hole (603);
the connector (7) comprises: semicircular connection block (701), semicircular connection block (701) side fixedly connected with inserted block (704), inserted block (704) and jack (603) assorted, semicircular connection block (701) deviate from a side of inserted block (704) and are provided with movable mouth (702), the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle (703) of movable mouth (702), the side and be close to the tip of body of rod (801) are provided with the connecting hole, and inside that connecting axle (703) intubated the connecting hole.
4. The method for measuring the forest area canopy closure information collection device according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
pushing the movable base (1) to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base (1) and any tree to be larger than the length of the measuring rod (8), and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, starting a small motor (9) to rotate at a constant speed, driving a transmission disc (6) to rotate, and further driving a measuring rod (8) to rotate for one circle, wherein the rotation process is thatThe medium data processing unit (802) records the time t of light receiving of each light sensor (803) 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n， Wherein n is the number of light sensors (803);
step three, the data processing unit (802) obtains the time t 1 、t 2 、t 3 ........t n Carrying out a formula to obtain the canopy density of the forest area;
the formula is:
wherein t is i R is the time of light receiving of the light sensor (803) i The distance from the position of the corresponding light sensor (803) to the small motor (9) is T, wherein T is the time required by the small motor (9) to rotate at a constant speed, R is the length of the measuring rod (8), and a is the length of the light sensor (803) along the length direction of the measuring rod (8).
5. The method for measuring the forest area canopy density information collecting device according to claim 4, wherein the usage state is: the telescopic rod (4) is arranged on the connecting disc (3), the telescopic rod (4) is in an extension state, the top of the supporting table (5) is flush with the bottom of the transmission disc (6), the measuring rod (8) is in an installation state, and the measuring rod (8) is in a horizontal state.
6. The method for measuring the forest area canopy density information acquisition device according to claim 4, wherein the measuring rod (8) is mounted on a wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the forest area canopy density.
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