CN113607645A - Forest region canopy density information acquisition device and measurement method - Google Patents
Forest region canopy density information acquisition device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113607645A CN113607645A CN202110878795.6A CN202110878795A CN113607645A CN 113607645 A CN113607645 A CN 113607645A CN 202110878795 A CN202110878795 A CN 202110878795A CN 113607645 A CN113607645 A CN 113607645A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forest region canopy density information acquisition device, which comprises: remove base, measuring stick, toolbox, telescopic link, brace table, measuring stick, connecting piece and driving disc swing joint are passed through to the one end of measuring stick, the measuring stick includes the body of rod, the upper surface of the body of rod is provided with light sensor, light sensor's quantity is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor arranges along body of rod direction single-row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit of the body of rod, the time that each light sensor of data processing unit record received light to calculate and reachd the regional degree of closure of forest. The problem that the reliability of a measuring result is poor due to the fact that the shooting condition is difficult to accurately judge and the distance between the high altitude operation height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground is difficult to determine due to the fact that the lower vegetation and the high vegetation are crossed mutually in the existing measuring method is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forest region canopy density information acquisition device and a forest region canopy density information measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of forestry.
Background
The forest canopy density is the ratio of the vertical projection area of a crown in a forest land to the area of the forest land, is usually expressed by ten fractions, is 1 when the ground is completely covered, can definitely obtain the coverage degree of forest vegetation according to the canopy density information of a forest region, reflects the density of the forest vegetation, and provides a group of accurate and reliable parameters for judging the forest state for management departments of forestry, wherein the density is usually greater than or equal to 0.7, the medium-density canopy forest is 0.2-0.69, and the sparse forest is less than 0.2.
The existing measuring method adopts an unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot at high altitude, then forest region canopy density data is obtained through analysis of multiple groups of images, in practical use, the condition of intercrossing exists between lower vegetation and high vegetation, the shooting condition is difficult to judge accurately, the distance between the high altitude operation height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground is difficult to determine, the problem of inaccurate calculation of the actually shot region area is solved, and the problem of poor reliability of the result is solved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a forest region canopy density information acquisition device and a forest region canopy density information measurement method which are good in using effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a forest region canopy density information acquisition device and a forest region canopy density information measurement method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a forest region canopy density information acquisition device comprises: moving the base; the measuring rod is arranged above the movable base;
further comprising:
the tool box is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base, the top of the tool box is fixedly connected with a connecting disc, and the top of the connecting disc is provided with an insertion hole;
the bottom end of the telescopic rod is movably connected to the inner side of the connecting disc, the top end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a small motor, a rotating shaft of the small motor and the telescopic rod are coaxial, and the side surface of an output shaft of the small motor is fixedly connected with a transmission disc;
the supporting table is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod, and the supporting table is close to the top end of the telescopic rod;
the measuring stick, the one end of measuring stick is passed through connecting piece and driving disc swing joint, the measuring stick includes the body of rod, the upper surface of the body of rod is provided with light sensor, light sensor's quantity is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor arranges along body of rod direction single-row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit of the body of rod, the time that each light sensor of data processing unit record received light to calculate and reachd the regional canopy density of forest.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the bottom of the movable base is fixedly connected with four groups of supporting rods close to four corners, and walking wheels are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the four groups of supporting rods.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the tool box comprises:
the box body is provided with an opening on one side surface, a step lock hole is formed in the position, close to the opening, of the inner top surface of the box body, and the large hole is close to the inner side of the box body;
the hinge door is movably connected to the inner side of the opening through a pin shaft piece;
the bayonet of the frame-shaped clamping seat is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat is positioned inside the step lock hole punch, and an oblique angle is arranged on the clamping pin of the frame-shaped clamping seat, which is close to the outer side;
the bottom end of the elastic block is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat, and the top end of the elastic block is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step locking hole;
the groove-shaped sliding rod is located inside the step locking hole, the bottom end of the groove-shaped sliding rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat, the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod extends out of the step locking hole, and the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod is fixedly connected with a handle.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the number of the elastic blocks is two, and the two elastic blocks are distributed on two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the telescopic link includes:
the bottom end of the lower rod barrel extends into the connecting disc, a clamping block is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lower rod barrel, and a sliding notch is formed in the side surface of the lower rod barrel;
the bottom end of the upper sliding rod extends into the lower rod barrel, the side face of the upper sliding rod and the inner thread of the sliding groove opening are connected with fastening nails, the outer end portions of the fastening nails are located on the outer side of the lower rod barrel, the top end of the upper sliding rod is provided with a motor mounting opening, the side face of the upper sliding rod is provided with a threaded portion, and the threaded portion is close to the top end of the upper sliding rod.
For the further description of the technical scheme:
the support table includes:
the side surface of the inner ring of the annular seat is provided with threads which are in threaded connection with the threaded part;
the side surface of the inner ring of the support ring is fixedly connected with the side surface of the outer ring of the annular seat;
the top end of each vertical rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular seat, and the number of the vertical rods is multiple and is distributed in an annular array.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the transmission disc includes: the small-sized motor comprises a disc body, wherein the disc body is provided with a central ring, an output shaft of the small-sized motor is positioned in the central ring, and the side surface of the disc body is provided with a jack;
the connector includes: the utility model discloses a connector, including the semicircular connecting block, a semicircular connecting block side fixedly connected with inserted block, inserted block and jack phase-match, a side that the semicircular connecting block deviates from the inserted block is provided with the movable opening, the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle of movable opening, the side of the body of rod just is close to the tip and is provided with the connecting hole, and the connecting axle injects the inside of connecting hole.
The measuring method of the forest region canopy density information acquisition device comprises the following steps:
pushing a movable base to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base and any one tree to be larger than the length of a measuring rod, and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, starting the small motor to rotate at a constant speed to drive the transmission disc to rotate, further driving the measuring rod to rotate for a circle, and recording the light receiving time t of each light sensor by the data processing unit in the rotating process1、t2、t3........tnWherein n is the number of light sensors;
step three, the data processing unit obtains the time t1、t2、t3........tnThe forest region canopy density is obtained by being brought into a formula;
the formula is as follows:
wherein, tiTime of light reception for the light sensor, riFor the distance of the light sensor position that corresponds apart from the small-size motor, T is the required time of the uniform velocity rotation a week of small-size motor, and R is the length of measuring stick, and a is the length of light sensor along measuring stick length direction.
For the further description of the technical scheme:
the using state is as follows: the telescopic link is installed on the connection pad, and the telescopic link is in the extension state, and the top of brace table and the bottom parallel and level of driving disc, and the measuring stick is in the mounted state, and the measuring stick is in the horizontality.
For the further description of the technical scheme:
and installing the measuring rod on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the forest region canopy density.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art
1) According to the forest region canopy density measuring device, the supporting driving structure provided with the measuring rod and the bottom is arranged, the small motor drives the transmission disc and the connecting piece to rotate, the measuring rod is further driven to rotate for a circle, the light sensor arranged on the upper surface of the measuring rod is matched with the data processing unit to record the time of the light sensor for receiving light, and forest region canopy density information can be obtained through calculation by means of an substituting formula;
2) the device is provided with the movable base structure, and the traveling wheel structure is arranged at the bottom of the movable base, so that the device can be conveniently driven to move, the device can be moved to a measuring position, and the measuring structure above the device can be stably supported;
3) the invention is provided with a tool box structure, the front side of the tool box structure is provided with an opening, the opening part is provided with a hinge door structure which can be closed and opened by a hinge, the tool box can store necessary tools and personal articles used for forest area measurement, by arranging the frame-shaped clamping seat structure and connecting the elastic block at the top, when the hinge door is pushed inwards in use, the oblique angle position of the frame-shaped clamping seat, which is close to the clamping pin at the outer side, is impacted, the frame-shaped clamping seat is pushed upwards, the elastic block is compressed, the top of the hinge door is clamped into the inner side of the frame-shaped clamping seat, and the purpose of fixing the hinge door is realized, when the hinge door needs to be opened, a user manually swings the handle upwards to pull the groove-shaped sliding rod upwards, so that the frame-shaped clamping seat is pushed upwards, the elastic block is compressed, the hinge door is automatically opened forwards, and the hinge door is very convenient to use;
4) the two elastic block structures are respectively arranged on the two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod, so that the stress of the two clamping pins of the frame-shaped clamping seat is balanced, and the frame-shaped clamping seat cannot be inclined after being used for a period of time to influence the use function;
5) the lower rod barrel is provided with the telescopic rod structure, the bottom end of the lower rod barrel is fixedly connected with the fixture block structure, when the lower rod barrel is used, the fixture block is aligned to the insertion hole, the fixture block and the bottom end of the lower rod barrel extend into the inner side of the connecting disc, the lower rod barrel rotates for a certain angle, the fixture block is staggered from the insertion hole, the purpose of fixing the lower rod barrel can be achieved, the upper sliding rod is arranged and located inside the lower rod barrel, the upper sliding rod can manually slide, and when the lower rod barrel slides, the fastening nail slides inside the sliding groove opening, and is adjusted to be at a proper height and then fixed;
6) the supporting platform structure is arranged, the supporting platform is in threaded connection with the threaded portion of the upper sliding rod, the height of the supporting platform can be adjusted by rotating the supporting platform, the measuring rod is supported, one end of the end portion of the measuring rod is movably connected to limit the position, then the supporting is carried out, the measuring rod is horizontal, the vertical rod structure arranged at the bottom end of the measuring rod is achieved, and a user can conveniently rotate the supporting platform;
7) the small-sized motor is provided with the transmission disc and the connecting piece structure, the transmission disc is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the small-sized motor (namely, the transmission disc can be driven by the small-sized motor to rotate), the side surface of the transmission disc is provided with the insertion hole, the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the measuring rod through the connecting shaft (the measuring rod can rotate along the axis of the connecting shaft), the side surface of the connecting piece is provided with the insertion block, and the insertion block can be detachably connected inside the insertion hole, so that the small-sized motor can drive the measuring rod to rotate;
8) the invention designs a using method of the forest region canopy density information acquisition device and discloses one of calculation formulas, wherein the rotation of the measuring rod is limited to one circle of uniform rotation, so that a simpler calculation formula is obtained, and the forest region canopy density can be quickly calculated;
9) the position of the measuring rod in the using state is limited, and the small motor can drive the measuring rod to rotate at a proper position, so that the reliability of a measuring result can be improved when the measuring rod is used in the state;
10) according to the invention, the measuring rod is arranged on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the canopy density of the forest region, and the wing of the unmanned aerial vehicle can horizontally rotate and can walk in the forest, so that the measurement is more convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the invention at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the invention at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the right side of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the invention at C of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the driving plate and the connecting member of the present invention
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. moving the base; 101. a support bar; 102. a traveling wheel; 2. a tool box; 201. a box body; 202. a hinge door; 203. a step lock hole; 204. a frame-shaped card holder; 2041. oblique angle; 205. a groove-shaped sliding rod; 206. a handle; 207. an elastic block; 3. a connecting disc; 301. an insertion opening; 4. a telescopic rod; 401. a lower rod barrel; 402. sliding the sliding rod upwards; 403. a sliding slot opening; 404. fastening nails; 405. a motor mounting port; 406. a threaded portion; 407. a clamping block; 5. a support table; 501. an annular seat; 502. a vertical rod; 503. a support ring; 6. a drive plate; 601. a tray body; 602. a center ring; 603. a jack; 7. a connecting member; 701. a semicircular connecting block; 702. a movable opening; 703. a connecting shaft; 704. inserting a block; 8. a measuring rod; 801. a rod body; 802. a data processing unit; 803. a light sensor; 9. a small-sized motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a forest region canopy density information acquisition device, comprising: a mobile base 1;
the measuring rod 8 is arranged above the movable base 1;
further comprising: the tool box 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1, the connecting disc 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the tool box 2, and the top of the connecting disc 3 is provided with an insertion hole 301;
the bottom end of the telescopic rod 4 is movably connected to the inner side of the connecting plate 3, the top end of the telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected with a small motor 9, a rotating shaft of the small motor 9 and the telescopic rod 4 are coaxial, and the side surface of an output shaft of the small motor 9 is fixedly connected with a transmission disc 6;
the supporting table 5 is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod 4, and the supporting table 5 is close to the top end of the telescopic rod 4;
measuring stick 8, connecting piece 7 and drive plate 6 swing joint are passed through to measuring stick 8's one end, measuring stick 8 includes the body of rod 801, the upper surface of the body of rod 801 is provided with light sensor 803, light sensor 803's quantity is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor 803 is arranged along body of rod 801 direction single-row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit 802 of the body of rod 801, data processing unit 802 record each light sensor 803 receive the time of light to calculate and draw the regional canopy density of forest.
The bottom of the movable base 1 is fixedly connected with four groups of supporting rods 101 close to four corners, and the bottom ends of the four groups of supporting rods 101 are fixedly connected with walking wheels 102.
The tool box 2 includes:
the box body 201, one side of the box body 201 is provided with an opening, a step lock hole 203 is arranged on the inner top surface of the box body 201 and close to the opening, and the large hole is close to the inner side of the box body 201;
the hinge door 202 is movably connected to the inner side of the opening through a pin shaft piece;
the bayonet of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204 is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat 204 is positioned inside the hole punched in the step locking hole 203, and a bevel 2041 is arranged on a clamping pin of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204, which is close to the outer side;
the bottom end of the elastic block 207 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204, and the top end of the elastic block 207 is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step locking hole 203;
the groove-shaped sliding rod 205 is positioned inside the step locking hole 203, the bottom end of the groove-shaped sliding rod 205 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat 204, the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod 205 extends out of the step locking hole 203, and the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod 205 is fixedly connected with a handle 206.
The number of the elastic blocks 207 is two, and the two elastic blocks 207 are distributed on two sides of the groove-shaped sliding rod 205.
The telescopic rod 4 comprises:
the bottom end of the lower rod barrel 401 extends into the connecting disc 3, a clamping block 407 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower rod barrel 401, and a sliding notch 403 is formed in the side surface of the lower rod barrel 401;
the bottom end of the upper sliding rod 402 extends into the lower rod barrel 401, a fastening nail 404 is connected to the side surface of the upper sliding rod 402 and the inner thread of the sliding groove 403, the outer end of the fastening nail 404 is located on the outer side of the lower rod barrel 401, a motor mounting opening 405 is formed in the top end of the upper sliding rod 402, a threaded portion 406 is arranged on the side surface of the upper sliding rod 402, and the threaded portion 406 is close to the top end of the upper sliding rod 402.
The support table 5 includes:
the side surface of the inner ring of the annular seat 501 is provided with threads, and is in threaded connection with the threaded part 406;
the inner ring side surface of the support ring 503 is fixedly connected with the outer ring side surface of the annular seat 501;
the top end of the vertical rod 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular seat 501, the number of the vertical rods 502 is multiple, and the vertical rods 502 are arranged in an annular array.
The forest region canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the transmission disc 6 comprises: the small-sized motor comprises a disc body 601, wherein the disc body 601 is provided with a center ring 602, an output shaft of the small-sized motor 9 is positioned inside the center ring 602, and a jack 603 is arranged on the side surface of the disc body 601;
the connecting member 7 includes: semicircular connecting block 701, a side fixedly connected with inserted block 704 of semicircular connecting block 701, inserted block 704 and jack 603 phase-match, a side that semicircular connecting block 701 deviates from inserted block 704 is provided with movable port 702, the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle 703 of movable port 702, the side of the body of rod 801 just is close to the tip and is provided with the connecting hole, and connecting axle 703 injects the inside of connecting hole.
The measuring method of the forest region canopy density information acquisition device comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing the movable base 1 to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base 1 and any one tree to be larger than the length of the measuring rod 8, and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, the small motor 9 is started to rotate at a constant speed to drive the transmission disc 6 to rotate, further drive the measuring rod 8 to rotate for a circle, and the data processing unit 802 records the light receiving time t of each light sensor 803 in the rotating process1、t2、t3........tnWhere n is the number of light sensors 803;
step three, the data processing unit 802 obtains the time t1、t2、t3........tnThe forest region canopy density is obtained by being brought into a formula;
the formula is as follows:
wherein, tiWhen light is received by the light sensor 803M, riThe distance from the position of the corresponding light sensor 803 to the small motor 9, T is the time required for the small motor 9 to rotate at a uniform speed for one circle, R is the length of the measuring rod 8, and a is the length of the light sensor 803 along the length direction of the measuring rod 8.
The using state is as follows: telescopic link 4 installs on connection pad 3, and telescopic link 4 is in the extension state, and the top of brace table 5 and the bottom parallel and level of driving disc 6, and measuring stick 8 is in the mounted state, and measuring stick 8 is in the horizontality.
And installing the measuring rod 8 on the wing of the single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the canopy density of the forest region.
The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, the movable base 1 is moved to the central position of a plurality of trees, the distance between the movable base 1 and an obstacle (including a trunk and branches) is larger than the length of the measuring rod 8, vegetation is shielded on the bottom layer, the top end of the upper sliding rod 402 is higher than the vegetation on the bottom layer by adjusting the height of the telescopic rod 4, the height of the supporting platform 5 is adjusted, the top of the supporting platform 5 is aligned with the bottom of the connecting piece 7 (namely, when the bottom of the measuring rod 8 is pressed on the supporting platform 5, the measuring rod is in a horizontal position), the small motor 9 is started at this time to drive the transmission disc 6 to rotate, and then the connecting piece 7 and the measuring rod 8 are driven to rotate for a circle at a constant speed;
rotating the measuring rod 8 for one time for one circle to obtain a structure, and taking the average value of a plurality of groups of measuring results as the measuring structure in order to enable the structure to rotate more accurately and rotate for a plurality of circles at a constant speed;
interpretation of the formula: as shown in fig. 9, each of the light sensors 9 forms a circular ring when rotating for one circle, and the circular rings have different areas and areas S for different distances from the center of the circle of the light sensor 9Circular arc2ra pi; the ratio of the time T of receiving the light to the time T of one rotation and SCircular arcThe product of 2ra pi can express the area of the light detected by the light sensor 9;
the sum of the areas detected by the plurality of light sensors 9 and the area R through which the measuring rod 9 rotates2The ratio of pi can reflect the canopy density information of the forest region.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forest region canopy density information acquisition device comprises:
a mobile base (1);
the measuring rod (8), the measuring rod (8) is arranged above the movable base (1);
it is characterized by also comprising:
the tool box (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable base (1), the connecting disc (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the tool box (2), and an insertion hole (301) is formed in the top of the connecting disc (3);
the bottom end of the telescopic rod (4) is movably connected to the inner side of the connecting disc (3), the top end of the telescopic rod (4) is fixedly connected with a small motor (9), a rotating shaft of the small motor (9) and the telescopic rod (4) are coaxial, and the side surface of an output shaft of the small motor (9) is fixedly connected with a transmission disc (6);
the supporting platform (5) is in threaded connection with the telescopic rod (4), and the supporting platform (5) is close to the top end of the telescopic rod (4);
measuring stick (8), the one end of measuring stick (8) is passed through connecting piece (7) and is passed through drive plate (6) swing joint, measuring stick (8) are including the body of rod (801), the upper surface of the body of rod (801) is provided with light sensor (803), the quantity of light sensor (803) is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of light sensor (803) are arranged along body of rod (801) direction single-row equidistance, the bottom surface fixedly connected with data processing unit (802) of the body of rod (801), and data processing unit (802) record the time that each light sensor (803) received light to calculate and draw the regional canopy density of forest.
2. The forest region canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein four sets of support rods (101) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable base (1) and near four corners, and walking wheels (102) are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the four sets of support rods (101).
3. The forest area canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the toolbox (2) comprises:
the box body (201), one side of the box body (201) is provided with an opening, a step lock hole (203) is formed in the position, close to the opening, of the inner top surface of the box body (201), and the large hole is close to the inner side of the box body (201);
the hinge door (202), the said hinge door (202) is connected to the inside of the opening through the pin shaft piece activity;
the clamping opening of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) is downward, the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) is positioned inside the hole punched in the step locking hole (203), and a clamping pin of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204) close to the outer side is provided with an oblique angle (2041);
the bottom end of the elastic block (207) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204), and the top end of the elastic block (207) is fixedly connected with the step surface of the step locking hole (203);
the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is located inside the step locking hole (203), the bottom end of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the frame-shaped clamping seat (204), the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) extends out of the step locking hole (203), and the top of the groove-shaped sliding rod (205) is fixedly connected with a handle (206).
4. The forest area canopy density information acquisition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the number of the elastic blocks (207) is set to two, and the two elastic blocks (207) are distributed on both sides of the groove-shaped slide bar (205).
5. The forest area canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the telescoping rod (4) comprises:
the bottom end of the lower rod barrel (401) extends into the connecting disc (3), a clamping block (407) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lower rod barrel (401), and a sliding notch (403) is formed in the side surface of the lower rod barrel (401);
the bottom of upper sliding rod (402) stretches into the inside of lower pole section of thick bamboo (401), the side of upper sliding rod (402) and the internal thread who is located sliding groove mouth (403) have fastening nail (404), the outer tip of fastening nail (404) is located the outside of lower pole section of thick bamboo (401), motor installing port (405) have been seted up on the top of upper sliding rod (402), the side of upper sliding rod (402) is provided with screw thread portion (406), screw thread portion (406) are close to the top of upper sliding rod (402).
6. A forest area canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the support base (5) comprises:
the side surface of the inner ring of the annular seat (501) is provided with threads, and the annular seat is in threaded connection with the threaded part (406);
the inner ring side surface of the support ring (503) is fixedly connected with the outer ring side surface of the annular seat (501);
the top end of each vertical rod (502) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular seat (501), and a plurality of vertical rods (502) are arranged in an annular array.
7. The forest region canopy density information acquisition apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the transmission disc (6) comprises: the small-sized motor comprises a disc body (601), wherein the disc body (601) is provided with a center ring (602), an output shaft of a small-sized motor (9) is positioned inside the center ring (602), and a jack (603) is arranged on the side surface of the disc body (601);
the connecting piece (7) comprises: semicircular connecting block (701), a semicircular connecting block (701) side fixedly connected with inserted block (704), inserted block (704) and jack (603) phase-match, a side that semicircular connecting block (701) deviates from inserted block (704) is provided with activity mouth (702), the inside fixedly connected with connecting axle (703) of activity mouth (702), the side of the body of rod (801) just is close to the tip and is provided with the connecting hole, and connecting axle (703) injects the inside of connecting hole.
8. The forest region canopy density information acquisition apparatus measuring method according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step one, pushing the movable base (1) to the middle part of a plurality of trees, enabling the distance between the movable base (1) and any one tree to be larger than the length of the measuring rod (8), and adjusting the device to be in a use state;
step two, starting the small motor (9) to rotate at a constant speed to drive the transmission disc (6) to rotate, further driving the measuring rod (8) to rotate for a circle, and recording the light receiving time t of each light sensor (803) by the data processing unit (802) in the rotating process1、t2、t3........tnWherein n is the number of light sensors (803);
step three, the data processing unit (802) obtains the time t1、t2、t3........tnThe forest region canopy density is obtained by being brought into a formula;
the formula is as follows:
wherein, tiTime of light reception of the light sensor (803), riThe distance between the position of the corresponding light sensor (803) and the small motor (9) is T, the time required by the small motor (9) to rotate for a circle at a constant speed is T, R is the length of the measuring rod (8), and a is the length of the light sensor (803) along the length direction of the measuring rod (8).
9. The forest region canopy density information acquisition apparatus measuring method according to claim 8, wherein the use state is: the telescopic rod (4) is installed on the connecting disc (3), the telescopic rod (4) is in an extending state, the top of the supporting table (5) is flush with the bottom of the transmission disc (6), the measuring rod (8) is in an installing state, and the measuring rod (8) is in a horizontal state.
10. The measurement method of the forest region canopy density information collection apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the measurement rod (8) is installed on a wing of a single rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to measure the forest region canopy density.
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