CN113465850A - Method for identifying mechanical vibration signal path, testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Method for identifying mechanical vibration signal path, testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to a method, a testing device and a testing method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, wherein the method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path comprises the following steps: acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration; establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal; blind source separation is carried out on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal is analyzed according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal; and applying a test device to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal. By the method, each source signal can be accurately identified.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration testing, in particular to a method, a testing device and a testing method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path.
Background
The mechanical vibration signal is used as an important parameter for reflecting the load, the information is rich, the physical significance is clear, the variation range of the magnitude is large, and the identification and decision making are convenient, so that the mechanical fault diagnosis technology based on the mechanical vibration signal processing becomes one of the most effective methods.
At present, in the technical field of mechanical vibration testing, various mechanical vibration signal path identification methods cannot accurately identify each source signal in a mixed signal, so that the operation of a machine cannot be monitored and detected, and the cause of a fault generated in the operation process of the machine cannot be accurately searched. Therefore, it is necessary to find a method for accurately identifying each source signal in the mixed signal.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to a method, a testing apparatus, and a testing method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, which are capable of accurately identifying each source signal.
The present disclosure provides, in a first aspect, a method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, including:
acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration;
establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
blind source separation is carried out on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal is analyzed according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
and applying a test device to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the establishing a finite element model of the machine and analyzing the dynamic coupling of the machine when vibrating according to the finite element model and the mixed signal includes:
using finite element software to divide a grid into the model of the machine so as to establish a finite element model of the machine;
and inputting the mixed signal into the finite element model, and calculating to obtain the basic vibration frequency of the machine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the blind source separation of each source signal in the mixed signal by using the numerical calculation method includes:
selecting a drying function during blind source separation;
performing numerical calculation by using the drying function to eliminate the noise signal in the mixed signal;
separating each of the source signals in the mixed signal on the basis of removing the noise signal to obtain each of the source signals.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, before the selecting the drying function in blind source separation, the blind source separation of each source signal in the mixed signal further includes:
acquiring the main component composition of the mixed signal by an empirical mode decomposition method;
adding a signal to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the analyzing, according to a calculation result of a fundamental vibration frequency when the mechanical vibration is performed, a vibration component contribution value of each of the source signals in the mixed signal to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
calculating the vibration frequency of each source signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration;
acquiring the energy distribution condition on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of a source signal on each signal transmission path;
obtaining a vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution situation on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signal on each signal transmission path;
and acquiring main source signals in the mechanical vibration signals according to the vibration component contribution values of the source signals in the mixed signal so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the applying a testing apparatus to perform a test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
placing a plurality of sensors on the testing device to acquire vibration signals at various positions of the testing device;
collecting the mixed signals at all the positions in real time by using a signal collecting device;
separating the collected mixed signals by utilizing a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals according to the collected mixed signals to obtain separated source signals;
and analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with the source signal of the testing device so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the analyzing and comparing the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
setting an accuracy judgment threshold value;
analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with a source signal of the test device;
when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is greater than or equal to the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; and when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a testing apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification, which applies any one of the above methods for blind source separation-based mechanical vibration signal path identification, the testing apparatus comprising:
a knocking hammer and an electromagnetic vibration table;
the testing device is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration table;
the electromagnetic excitation vibration table is connected with the test device;
the sensors are respectively arranged on different positions of the testing device;
the data acquisition equipment is connected with the sensors and is used for acquiring mixed signal data;
and the computing processing equipment is connected with the data acquisition equipment and is used for acquiring mixed signal data and identifying the mixed signal data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the testing apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification further includes:
the power amplifier is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the plurality of sensors, and the output end is connected with the data acquisition equipment.
The third aspect of the present disclosure provides a testing method for mechanical vibration signal path identification, which applies any one of the above-mentioned testing apparatuses for mechanical vibration signal path identification, and the testing method includes:
knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table, knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring third mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the third mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table and the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
and identifying the main source signal of the test device under each condition according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing and processing equipment.
The technical scheme provided by the disclosure can achieve the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path, a finite element model of a machine is established by a theoretical algorithm research method, and the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration is calculated according to the finite element model and a mixed signal; and performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical analysis method, and establishing a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal, so that each source signal can be accurately identified. Meanwhile, the method further utilizes a test verification mode and a test device to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
Therefore, the method and the device can accurately identify each source signal through numerical calculation; theoretical algorithm research, numerical calculation analysis and test verification can be combined, and accuracy of the method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path is further improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method of mechanical vibration signal path identification according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a test method of mechanical vibration signal path identification according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first" and "second", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The present disclosure provides a method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, wherein the machine may be an aircraft engine, but is not limited thereto, and may also be other machines, and may be selected according to actual needs, which is within the scope of the present disclosure. The method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path can accurately identify each source signal in the vibration signals through numerical calculation; theoretical algorithm research, numerical calculation analysis and test verification can be combined, and accuracy of the method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path is further improved. As shown in fig. 1, the method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path may include:
step S10, acquiring a mixed signal during mechanical vibration;
step S20, establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
step S30, performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and analyzing the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
and step S40, applying a test device to test and verify the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
The above steps are explained in detail below:
in step S10, a mixed signal at the time of mechanical vibration may be acquired. Specifically, the mixed signal generated when the signal data acquisition device mechanically vibrates may be used to acquire the mixed signal when the signal data acquisition device mechanically vibrates.
In step S20, a finite element model of the machine may be created, and the fundamental vibration frequency when the machine vibrates may be calculated based on the finite element model and the mixed signal.
In particular, the model of the machine may be gridded using finite element software to build a finite element model of the machine. For example: the three-dimensional model of the machine can be established first, the three-dimensional model is led into finite element software, and the finite element software is used for dividing the three-dimensional model into grids, so that the finite element model of the machine is obtained.
Further, the mixed signal may be input into a finite element model and calculated to obtain a fundamental vibration frequency of the machine.
It should be noted that, the present disclosure does not limit the above calculation manner, and may also not adopt finite element software to establish a finite element model and calculate, for example: it is also within the scope of the present disclosure that the modeling and calculation may be performed by way of manual calculations.
In step S30, blind source separation may be performed on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal is analyzed according to the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency during mechanical vibration, so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
Specifically, when blind source separation is performed on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, a drying function in the blind source separation may be selected, and numerical calculation may be performed by using the drying function to eliminate the noise signal in the mixed signal. Further, the source signals in the mixed signal may be separated on the basis of removing the noise signal, so as to obtain the source signals. By removing the noise in the mixed signal, the interference in the source signal separation can be removed, thereby improving the accuracy of the source signal separation.
It is understood that there may be multiple paths of signals in the mixed signal, each path of signals being a signal originating from a predetermined point, and each path of signals having multiple source signals.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a dessicated source separation method may be utilized to perform blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal. When the method for separating the drying source is adopted, the drying function for separating the blind source can be a selection function for separating the drying source.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, before selecting the drying function in blind source separation, blind source separation of each source signal in the mixed signal may further include:
and acquiring the main component composition of the mixed signal by an empirical mode decomposition method. However, the method is not limited to this, and other methods may be used to obtain the main component composition of the mixed signal.
Further, a signal may be added to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal. By adding a new signal in the obtained mixed signal, the problem of inaccurate blind source separation caused by insufficient number of collected signals in the blind source separation process can be solved.
It should be noted that, after adding a new signal to form a new mixed signal, the mixed signal used in all steps after the step of forming the new mixed signal in the present disclosure is the new mixed signal described herein.
In addition, the vibration frequency of each source signal can be calculated based on the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency at the time of the mechanical vibration, so that the vibration frequency characteristic of each source signal can be acquired.
Further, the energy distribution of each signal transmission path and the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transmission path can be obtained. Due to the different energy distribution on each signal transmission path, the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transmission path is also different. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transfer path.
After the energy distribution condition of each signal transmission path and the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transmission path are obtained, the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal can be obtained according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution condition on each signal transmission path and the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transmission path.
Furthermore, the main source signal in the mechanical vibration signal can be obtained according to the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal, so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
For example, when the method of the present disclosure requires a determination of the cause of a failure in the operation of a machine, the primary source signal described herein is the signal generated by the primary vibration source that caused the failure in the operation of the machine.
The blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is a calculation method for acquiring a main source signal of the mechanical vibration signal, and may include the steps S10 to S30.
In step S40, a testing device may be applied to perform a test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal. Through experimental verification, the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model is ensured, and the accuracy of the calculation model in the long-term practical application is ensured.
In particular, a plurality of sensors may be placed on the test device for acquiring vibration signals at various locations of the test device.
For example, the arrangement position of the sensor can be planned in advance in the testing device according to needs so as to accurately acquire the vibration signal of the needed position. The sensor may be an acceleration sensor, but is not limited thereto, and other sensors may be selected according to actual needs, which is within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The test fixture, which may be a frame structure for simulating real machines, may be machined before placing the plurality of sensors on the test fixture.
Furthermore, a signal acquisition device can be used for collecting mixed signals at various positions in real time, and according to the collected mixed signals, the collected mixed signals are separated by using the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals, so that separated source signals are obtained.
Furthermore, the separated source signal and the source signal of the testing device can be analyzed and compared to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, an accuracy determination threshold may be set, and the accuracy determination threshold may be any value from 80% to 100%, but is not limited thereto, and the accuracy determination threshold may also be other values, and may be set according to actual needs.
The separated source signal may be compared analytically with the source signal of the assay device. When the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the testing device is greater than or equal to the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; and when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the testing device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to ensure the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model for verifying the mechanical vibration signal, different working conditions of the machine during operation can be simulated. The accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals under different working conditions can be further improved through accuracy verification.
The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a testing apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification, which is capable of accurately identifying each source signal in a vibration signal by applying the above-mentioned method for mechanical vibration signal path identification based on blind source separation.
The test device may include: the device comprises a knocking hammer, an electromagnetic vibration table, a test device, a plurality of sensors, data acquisition equipment and calculation processing equipment.
The hammer may be a force hammer, but is not limited thereto, and the hammer may be any object that can be knocked, which may be selected according to actual needs.
The electromagnetic vibration table is used for providing vibration conditions for the test device. The electromagnetic vibration table can be an Instron model 1504 electromagnetic vibration table, but is not limited to the Instron model electromagnetic vibration table, and can also be other models of electromagnetic vibration tables.
The test device can be fixed on the electromagnetic vibration table, and the test device can be of a frame structure, but not limited to the frame structure, and can be of other structures or real machines.
The electromagnetically excited vibration stage may be connected to the test apparatus for providing an excited vibration signal to the test apparatus. The electromagnetic excitation vibration table may be a 100KG electromagnetic excitation vibration table, but is not limited thereto, and may also be another electromagnetic excitation vibration table.
The plurality of sensors may be disposed at different positions of the test device, respectively. Specifically, the mounting position of the sensor can be selected in advance on the testing device as required, so as to acquire the required signal data. The sensor may be an acceleration sensor, but is not limited thereto.
The data acquisition device may be connected to a plurality of sensors for acquiring mixed signal data in real time. The data acquisition device may be a data acquisition device to which the LMS data acquisition system is applied, but is not limited thereto.
The computing processing device may be connected to the data acquisition device for acquiring and identifying mixed signal data.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to make signal acquisition more accurate and comprehensive, the testing apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification may further include: a power amplifier having an input terminal and an output terminal. Wherein the input terminal may be connected to a plurality of sensors for inputting signal data; the output end can be connected with the data acquisition equipment to be used for transmitting the signal data after the signal method to the data acquisition equipment.
In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a testing method for mechanical vibration signal path identification is provided, and the testing method for mechanical vibration signal path identification applies the testing apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification described above. The test method for identifying the mechanical vibration signal path can accurately identify each source signal in the vibration signals.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the test method may include:
s100, knocking the test device by using a knocking hammer to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using calculation processing equipment;
step S200, opening an electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by using computing and processing equipment;
step S300, opening an electromagnetic vibration table, knocking the test device by using a knocking hammer to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring data of the third mixed signal by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the data of the third mixed signal by using computing processing equipment;
s400, opening an electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by using computing and processing equipment;
s500, opening an electromagnetic vibration table and an electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable a test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using calculation processing equipment;
and step S600, identifying the main source signal of the test device under each condition according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing and processing equipment.
The individual steps of the above test method are described below in a specific example:
in step S100, the testing device can be tapped at the tapping point with a forceful hammer to cause the testing device to generate a first mixed signal. Acquiring the first mixed signal by using data acquisition equipment applying an LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency for acquiring the first mixed signal can be set to 2048Hz, and identifying the data of the first mixed signal by using computing processing equipment;
in step S200, In may be turned onstroAnd n1504 type electromagnetic vibration table, and controlling the vibration frequency of the vibration table to be 50Hz so that the test device generates a second mixed signal. Acquiring a second mixed signal by using data acquisition equipment applying an LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency for acquiring the second mixed signal can be set to 2048Hz, and identifying the second mixed signal data by using computing processing equipment;
in step S300, In may be turned on firststroAnd n1504 type electromagnetic vibration table, controlling the vibration frequency of the vibration table to be 50Hz, and knocking the test device at the knocking point by a power hammer after the vibration is stable so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal. Then, a data acquisition device applying an LMS data acquisition system may be used to acquire a third mixed signal, where the frequency of acquiring the third mixed signal may be set to 2048Hz, and a computing processing device is used to identify the third mixed signal data;
in step S400, the 100Kg electromagnetically excited vibration table may be turned on, outputting a fixed frequency of 33Hz to the testing device, so that the testing device generates a fourth mixing signal. Then, a data acquisition device applying an LMS data acquisition system may be used to acquire a fourth mixed signal, where the frequency of acquiring the fourth mixed signal may be set to 2048Hz, and a computing processing device is used to identify the fourth mixed signal data;
in step S500, a 100Kg electromagnetically excited vibration table may be turned on, outputting a fixed frequency of 33Hz to the test apparatus. The Instron model 1504 electromagnetic shaker may then be turned on and the shaker may be controlled to vibrate at 50Hz to cause the test apparatus to generate a fifth mixing signal. The fourth mixed signal may then be acquired by a data acquisition device using an LMS data acquisition system, where the frequency of acquiring the fourth mixed signal may be set to 2048Hz, and the fourth mixed signal data may be identified by a computing processing device.
It should be noted that, the above steps are only described by a specific embodiment, and during the specific application process, the various parameters and models of the devices in the above embodiments may be changed according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present disclosure, and this is within the scope of the present disclosure.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of mechanical vibration signal path identification, comprising:
acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration;
establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
blind source separation is carried out on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal is analyzed according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
and applying a test device to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the establishing a finite element model of the machine and analyzing the dynamic coupling of the machine in vibration based on the finite element model and the hybrid signal comprises:
using finite element software to divide a grid into the model of the machine so as to establish a finite element model of the machine;
and inputting the mixed signal into the finite element model, and calculating to obtain the basic vibration frequency of the machine.
3. The method of mechanical vibration signal path identification as claimed in claim 1, wherein said method of using numerical computation to perform blind source separation on each source signal in said mixed signal comprises:
selecting a drying function during blind source separation;
performing numerical calculation by using the drying function to eliminate the noise signal in the mixed signal;
separating each of the source signals in the mixed signal on the basis of removing the noise signal to obtain each of the source signals.
4. The method of mechanical vibration signal path identification as set forth in claim 3 wherein said blind source separation of each source signal in said composite signal is performed prior to said selecting a dessication function for blind source separation, further comprising:
acquiring the main component composition of the mixed signal by an empirical mode decomposition method;
adding a signal to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the analyzing the vibration component contribution of each of the source signals in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal comprises:
calculating the vibration frequency of each source signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration;
acquiring the energy distribution condition on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of a source signal on each signal transmission path;
obtaining a vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution situation on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signal on each signal transmission path;
and acquiring main source signals in the mechanical vibration signals according to the vibration component contribution values of the source signals in the mixed signal so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
6. The method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path according to claim 1, wherein the applying a testing device to perform a test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal comprises:
placing a plurality of sensors on the testing device to acquire vibration signals at various positions of the testing device;
collecting the mixed signals at all the positions in real time by using a signal collecting device;
separating the collected mixed signals by utilizing a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals according to the collected mixed signals to obtain separated source signals;
and analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with the source signal of the testing device so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
7. The method of mechanical vibration signal path identification as set forth in claim 6, wherein said analyzing and comparing said separated source signal with a source signal of said test device to verify the accuracy of a blind source separation calculation model of said mechanical vibration signal comprises:
setting an accuracy judgment threshold value;
analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with a source signal of the test device;
when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is greater than or equal to the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; and when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
8. A testing device for mechanical vibration signal path identification, which is characterized in that the testing device applies the method for mechanical vibration signal path identification based on blind source separation according to any one of the claims 1-7, and the testing device comprises:
a knocking hammer and an electromagnetic vibration table;
the testing device is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration table;
the electromagnetic excitation vibration table is connected with the test device;
the sensors are respectively arranged on different positions of the testing device;
the data acquisition equipment is connected with the sensors and is used for acquiring mixed signal data;
and the computing processing equipment is connected with the data acquisition equipment and is used for acquiring mixed signal data and identifying the mixed signal data.
9. The mechanical vibration signal path identification test device of claim 8, further comprising:
the power amplifier is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the plurality of sensors, and the output end is connected with the data acquisition equipment.
10. A test method for mechanical vibration signal path identification, which is characterized by applying the test apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path identification according to any one of claims 8 to 9, and comprises:
knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table, knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring third mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the third mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by using the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table and the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
and identifying the main source signal of the test device under each condition according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing and processing equipment.
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