CN113248224B - Light-burning solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light-burning solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113248224B
CN113248224B CN202110497278.4A CN202110497278A CN113248224B CN 113248224 B CN113248224 B CN 113248224B CN 202110497278 A CN202110497278 A CN 202110497278A CN 113248224 B CN113248224 B CN 113248224B
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parts
printing
sealing material
ventilation sealing
light
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CN113248224A (en
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卢前明
孔林
陈景卫
陈永丰
李强
王静文
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Henan Tianchen Xinyuan Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Henan Institute of Engineering
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Henan Tianchen Environmental Protection Equipment Research Institute Co ltd
Henan Institute of Engineering
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/10—Acids or salts thereof containing carbon in the anion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
    • C04B22/142—Sulfates
    • C04B22/148—Aluminium-sulfate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
    • C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ventilation sealing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 30-45 parts of portland cement clinker, 5-8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60-180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3-6 parts of carbide slag, 0.2-0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3-0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4-5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06-0.13 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 28-40 parts of water. The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared by the method is in a slurry shape, the slurry has excellent extrudability, stacking property and strength performance, has certain yielding performance, realizes resource utilization of solid waste, and has good environmental and economic benefits.

Description

Light-burning solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering materials, and particularly relates to a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Medical waste is infectious, toxic and other hazardous solid waste generated in medical activities of medical institutions, and if the medical waste is not properly treated, the medical waste can cause environmental pollution and disease transmission, thereby threatening physical and psychological health of human beings. The medical waste yield is huge, and with the outbreak of new crown epidemic situation, the total amount of medical waste in China will exceed 160 ten thousand tons. The medical waste disposal method comprises cleaning, disinfection, high-temperature disinfection, landfill, incineration and the like, the incineration has the advantages of volume reduction, weight reduction and high-temperature sterilization, and the method is widely popularized and applied, but the medical waste generates about 30% of bottom ash after the incineration and is accumulated on the ground surface for a long time, not only occupies the land, but also causes secondary pollution to the surrounding ecological environment.
3% -5% of fly ash can be generated after the domestic garbage is burnt, and along with the popularization of the domestic garbage burning technology, the yield of the fly ash generated by burning the domestic garbage in China is increased rapidly. The waste incineration fly ash contains pollutants such as heavy metals and dioxin, is listed as dangerous waste, and if the waste incineration fly ash can be solidified at lower cost and prepared into a building material, the secondary pollution of the waste incineration fly ash to the environment can be greatly relieved.
The ventilation seal is constructed to meet the requirements of underground ventilation of coal mines, is used for sealing the connection between mining working faces, temporary air adjusting places, abandoned or temporarily unused tunnels and the like, and is generally used for temporary sealing with short service life. The underground ventilation and sealing requirements of the coal mine are simple in construction process, capable of being constructed quickly, convenient to disassemble, low in cost and excellent in sealing performance. The existing ventilation and sealing construction is usually constructed by masonry or concrete pouring, and the processes are high in cost, low in construction efficiency and high in labor intensity, and can generate brittle failure under the action of the pressure of a coal mine mining mine to form cracks, so that air leakage is caused, and the safety production of the mine is influenced.
Therefore, an improved technical scheme aiming at the defects of the prior art is needed to be provided, the ventilation airtight wall is built by using the 3D printing technology, the template building process is omitted, vibration is not needed, the building efficiency is greatly improved, and the intelligent mining of the coal mine is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and a preparation method thereof, which are used for overcoming the problems that ventilation sealing construction formed by masonry stacking or concrete pouring in the prior art is high in cost, low in construction efficiency and high in labor intensity, and is easy to brittle failure to form cracks to cause air leakage and influence mine safety production, and meanwhile, the resource utilization of medical waste incineration ash, household waste incineration ash and phosphogypsum is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 30-45 parts of portland cement clinker, 5-8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60-180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3-6 parts of carbide slag, 0.2-0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3-0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4-5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06-0.13 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 28-40 parts of water.
According to the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, as a preferable scheme, the content of Ca element in the incineration bottom ash of the medical waste is 25-40 wt%, the content of Si element is 20-50 wt%, and the content of Fe element is 5-10 wt%.
As the preferable scheme, the CaSO in the phosphogypsum is used as the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material4·2H2The content of O is not less than 85 wt%.
According to the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, as a preferable scheme, the content of Ca element in the household garbage incineration fly ash is 45-55 wt%, the content of Al element is 8-15 wt%, wherein the content of Al element existing in a metal simple substance is 1-3 wt%, and the content of Si element is 10-30 wt%.
As a preferable scheme, the content of C in the spontaneous combustion coal gangue is not more than 8 wt%, and SiO is contained in the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material2The content of (A) is not less than 55 wt%, and the barrel pressure strength is not less than 3.5 MPa;
preferably, Ca (OH) in the carbide slag2The mass percentage of the component (A) is more than or equal to 80 wt%;
more preferably, the sodium methyl silicate has a pH value of > 12 and a specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3.
According to the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, as a preferable scheme, the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion is 600-800 mPa & s, the solid content is 46-49 wt%, and the PH value is 8-10;
more preferably, the viscosity of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 300-600 mPas; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 60000-100000 mPas.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material comprises the following steps:
step S1, pretreating the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum, weighing the pretreated medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum according to the proportion, uniformly mixing, placing in a furnace for high-temperature calcination, cooling at room temperature and then grinding to obtain an active admixture;
step S2, grinding the portland cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate, then weighing the spontaneous combustion coal gangue according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing the ground portland cement clinker, the carbide slag and the aluminum sulfate to obtain a composite dry powder;
step S3, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, acrylic emulsion, sodium methylsilicate and ground sodium carbonate into water at the same time according to the proportion, and fully dissolving the sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the acrylic emulsion, the sodium methylsilicate and the ground sodium carbonate under the stirring condition to obtain a composite solution;
and step S4, stirring and mixing the active admixture obtained in the step S1, the composite dry powder obtained in the step S2 and the composite solution obtained in the step S3 to prepare the 3D printing ventilation sealing material.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material is a preferable scheme, and the pretreatment of the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum in the step S1 is specifically that the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum are dried to constant weight at 105-110 ℃, metal impurities in the medical waste incineration bottom ash are screened out, then the medical waste incineration bottom ash and the household waste incineration fly ash are respectively placed in a ball mill for grinding until the specific surface area is 300-450 m2/kg；
Preferably, the calcining temperature in the step S1 is 850-950 ℃, and the calcining time is 10-15 min;
more preferably, the specific surface area of the active admixture obtained in the step S1 is 400-500 m2/kg。
According to the preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, as a preferable scheme, after the silicate cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate are ground in the step S2, the specific surface area is 350-380 m2/kg；
Preferably, the spontaneous combustion coal gangue in the step S2 needs to be crushed in advance and then passes through a 16mm square-hole sieve;
more preferably, the stirring speed in step S2 is 60-80 r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 4-8 min.
According to the preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, as a preferable scheme, the stirring speed in the step S3 is 100-160 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min;
preferably, the stirring speed in the step S4 is 80-120 r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 10-20 min.
Has the advantages that:
the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared by the method is in a slurry shape, the slurry has excellent fluidity and extrudability, and the methyl sodium silicate is doped, so that the slurry has excellent fluidity, and the leaching of heavy metals is prevented; the viscosity and the consistency of the slurry are increased by the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, so that the slurry smoothly passes through the outlet of the printing head without interruption, the slurry has excellent extrudability, the ventilation sealing wall can be rapidly molded, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material disclosed by the invention has excellent accumulation property and strength property, the mixing of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate can respectively improve the water retention property of 3D printing slurry, shorten the setting time and increase the early compressive strength, and after the printing of the ventilation sealing wall is finished, the designed shape can be kept, and the phenomena of inclination, even collapse and the like are avoided.
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material has certain yielding performance, metal aluminum in the household garbage incineration fly ash reacts in an alkaline solution to generate hydrogen bubbles, the hydrogen bubbles stably exist in the 3D printing slurry under the action of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the prepared 3D printing ventilation sealing material is printed into a product through 3D, when the product is used under a coal mine, when the product is under the pressure of a roadway top plate, the bubbles in the product are compressed to play a buffering role, the ventilation sealing wall is prevented from being fragile and damaged, and the sealing effect of the product is ensured.
According to the invention, the resource utilization of solid wastes is realized, the content of the wastes in the 3D printing ventilation sealing material is large, the wastes are made into building materials for coal mine production, the harm of the building materials to the surface ecological environment can be reduced, the disposal cost of incineration ash is reduced, the heavy metal dissolution in the wastes can be reduced by doping the acrylic emulsion and the sodium methyl silicate, and the environment and economic benefits are better.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of an active admixture according to an embodiment of the present invention 1;
fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of sample particles of a 3D printed venting sealing material prepared in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-30 parts (such as 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts and 28 parts) of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5-10 parts (such as 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, 8 parts, 8.5 parts, 9 parts and 9.5 parts) of phosphogypsum, 30-45 parts (such as 31 parts, 32 parts, 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 37 parts, 38 parts, 39 parts, 40 parts, 41 parts, 42 parts, 43 parts and 44 parts) of portland cement clinker, 5-8 parts (such as 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts and 7.5 parts) of household waste incineration fly ash, 60-180 parts (such as 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, 150 parts, 160 parts and 170 parts) of carbide slag, 3-6 parts (such as 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 0.0.0.0 part (such as 3.5 parts) and 0.5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 0.5 parts, 0.35 part, 0.38 part), 0.1 to 0.3 part (such as 0.12 part, 0.15 part, 0.18 part, 0.2 part, 0.22 part, 0.25 part, 0.28 part), 0.3 to 0.8 part (such as 0.35 part, 0.4 part, 0.45 part, 0.5 part, 0.55 part, 0.6 part, 0.65 part, 0.7 part, 0.75 part) of sodium methyl silicate, 4 to 5 parts (such as 4.1 parts, 4.2 parts, 4.3 parts, 4.4 parts, 4.5 parts, 4.6 parts, 4.7 parts, 4.8 parts, 4.9 parts) of acrylic emulsion, 0.06 to 0.13 part (such as 0.07 part, 0.08 part, 0.09 part, 0.1 part, 0.11 part, 0.12 part), 28 to 40 parts (such as 30 parts, 29 parts, 30 parts, 31 parts, 33 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts) of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
In an embodiment of the invention, the content of Ca element in the bottom ash from the incineration of medical waste is 25 to 40 wt% (e.g. 28 wt%, 30 wt%, 32 wt%, 34 wt%, 36 wt%, 38 wt%), the content of Si element is 20 to 50 wt% (e.g. 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%), and the content of Fe element is 5 to 10 wt% (e.g. 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%).
In a particular embodiment of the invention, CaSO in phosphogypsum4·2H2The content of O is not less than 85 wt%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fly ash from incinerating domestic garbage contains 45-55 wt% (e.g. 46 wt%, 47 wt%, 48 wt%, 49 wt%, 50 wt%, 51 wt%, 52 wt%, 53 wt%, 54 wt%) of Ca element, 8-15 wt% (e.g. 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%) of Al element, 1-3 wt% (e.g. 1.2 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.6 wt%, 1.8 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.4 wt%, 2.6 wt%, 2.8 wt%) of Al element present as a metal simple substance, and 10-30 wt% (e.g. 12 wt%, 15 wt%, 18 wt%, 20 wt%, 22 wt%, 25 wt%, 28 wt%) of Si element.
In the embodiment of the invention, the content of C in the spontaneous combustion coal gangue is not more than 8 wt%, and SiO is2The content of (A) is not less than 55 wt%, and the barrel pressure strength is not less than 3.5 MPa. Because the coal gangue has spontaneous combustion tendency, the coal gangue is accumulated in the environment with continuous oxygen supply and heat accumulationThe spontaneous combustion of the coal can occur, and the spontaneous combustion coal gangue in the invention is the coal gangue after spontaneous combustion.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, Ca (OH) in the carbide slag2The mass percentage of the component (B) is more than or equal to 80 wt%.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the sodium methyl silicate has a PH value of more than 12 and a specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3 (such as 1.12, 1.15, 1.18, 1.2, 1.22, 1.25, 1.28).
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the acrylic emulsion has a viscosity of 600 to 800 mPas (e.g., 650 mPas, 700 mPas, 750 mPas), a solid content of 46 to 49 wt% (e.g., 46.5 wt%, 47 wt%, 47.5 wt%, 48 wt%, 48.5 wt%), and a pH of 8 to 10 (e.g., 8.2, 8.4, 8.6, 8.8, 9.0, 9.2, 9.4, 9.6, 9.8).
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 300 to 600mPa · s (for example, 350mPa · s, 400mPa · s, 450mPa · s, 500mPa · s, 550mPa · s); the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 60000-100000 mPas (such as 70000Pa s, 80000Pa s and 90000Pa s).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which is prepared by adopting the component raw materials contained in the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, pretreating the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum, weighing the pretreated medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum according to the proportion, uniformly mixing, placing in a furnace for high-temperature calcination, cooling at room temperature, and grinding to obtain the active admixture.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment of the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum in the step S1 is specifically that the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum are dried to constant weight at 105-110 ℃ (such as 106 ℃, 107 ℃, 108 ℃ and 109 ℃), metal impurities in the medical waste incineration bottom ash are screened out, and then the medical waste incineration bottom ash and the metal impurities are respectively placed in a ball mill for grinding until the specific surface area is 300-450 m2Kg (e.g. 310 m)2/kg、320m2/kg、330m2/kg、340m2/kg、350m2/kg、360m2/kg、370m2/kg、380m2/kg、390m2/kg、400m2/kg、410m2/kg、420m2/kg、430m2/kg、440m2/kg)。
In the embodiment of the present invention, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 850-950 ℃ (such as 860 ℃, 870 ℃, 880 ℃, 890 ℃, 900 ℃, 910 ℃, 920 ℃, 930 ℃, 940 ℃), and the calcination time is 10-15 min (such as 10.5min, 11min, 11.5min, 12min, 12.5min, 13min, 13.5min, 14min, 14.5 min).
In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific surface area of the active admixture obtained in the step S1 is 400-500 m2Kg (e.g. 410 m)2/kg、420m2/kg、430m2/kg、440m2/kg、450m2/kg、460m2/kg、470m2/kg、480m2/kg、490m2/kg)。
Step S2, grinding the portland cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate, then weighing the spontaneous combustion coal gangue according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing the ground portland cement clinker, the carbide slag and the aluminum sulfate to obtain a composite dry powder;
in the embodiment of the invention, the silicate cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate are ground in the step S2 until the specific surface area is 350-380 m2Kg (e.g. 355 m)2/kg、360m2/kg、365m2/kg、370m2/kg、375m2/kg)。
In the embodiment of the present invention, the spontaneous combustion coal gangue needs to be crushed in advance in step S2 and then screened through a 16mm square hole screen.
In the embodiment of the invention, the stirring speed in step S2 is 60-80 r/min (e.g., 62r/min, 64r/min, 66r/min, 68r/min, 70r/min, 72r/min, 74r/min, 76r/min, 78r/min), and the stirring and mixing time is 4-8 min (e.g., 4.5min, 5.0min, 5.5min, 6.0min, 6.5min, 7.0min, 7.5 min).
Step S3, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, acrylic emulsion, sodium methylsilicate and ground sodium carbonate into water at the same time according to the proportion, and fully dissolving the sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the acrylic emulsion, the sodium methylsilicate and the ground sodium carbonate under the stirring condition to obtain a composite solution;
in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring speed in step S3 is 100 to 160r/min (e.g., 110r/min, 120r/min, 130r/min, 140r/min, 150r/min), and the stirring time is 5 to 10min (e.g., 6min, 7min, 8min, 9 min).
And step S4, stirring and mixing the active admixture obtained in the step S1, the composite dry powder obtained in the step S2 and the composite solution obtained in the step S3 to obtain 3D printing slurry.
In the embodiment of the invention, the stirring speed in step S4 is 80-120 r/min (e.g., 85r/min, 90r/min, 95r/min, 100r/min, 105r/min, 110r/min, 115r/min), and the stirring and mixing time is 10-20 min (e.g., 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19 min).
The action mechanism of each raw material component in the preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material is as follows:
the main component of the medical waste incineration bottom ash is CaCO3And SiO2The fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage contains CaCO3、SiO2、Al2O3And a small amount of Al simple substance, and reacting the two incineration ashes with the phosphogypsum at high temperature to generate C3S2、C12A7And C2S-based active minerals which react directly with water to form Ca (OH)2And a gel phase, thereby increasing the strength of the 3D printed venting closure material. A small amount of unreacted metallic aluminum in the incineration fly ash of the household garbage can be hydrated with portland cement clinker in 3D printing slurry to generate Ca (OH)2And hydrogen is generated, so that the 3D printing ventilation sealing material generates micro expansion in the hardening process, the constructed 3D printing sealing wall can be automatically connected with the roof, and certain prestress is generated. In addition, under the mine pressure effect, the bubbles in the 3D printing ventilation sealing material are compressed, so that the buffering effect is achieved, and the brittle failure is avoided.
The carbide slag contains a large amount of Ca (OH)2The pH value of the 3D printing slurry can be increased, so that the foaming reaction of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage can be promoted on one hand, and enough OH can be provided on the other hand-Ions, promoting active SiO in 3D printing slurry2And Al2O3The alkali is used for exciting the reaction, so that the later strength of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material is improved.
Incorporation of aluminium sulphate promotes early stage of C in portland cement clinker3The hydration of the A accelerates the formation of ettringite, thereby shortening the setting time of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material and improving the early strength.
The doping of the sodium carbonate promotes the formation of calcium sulphoaluminate hydrate (Afm) crystal in a gelling system of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the crystal is filled in the microstructure pores of a hydration product, so that the early strength of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material is improved.
After the sodium carboxymethylcellulose or the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is doped, the colloid structure is formed by contact expansion with water, the colloids enable the local area of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material to have higher shape recovery capability and retain water, the apparent viscosity, the plastic viscosity and the yield stress of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material are increased, the extrudability and the stackability are improved, the printable time is prolonged, the better construction performance is achieved, meanwhile, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose or the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose also has the function of stabilizing bubbles, and the bubbles generated by the household garbage incineration fly ash are prevented from escaping in a large amount during stirring.
The addition of the acrylic emulsion and the sodium methyl silicate forms a layer of isolating membrane in the 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the isolating membrane and hydration products in the 3D printing ventilation sealing material are mutually interpenetrated to form a network structure, so that the 3D printing ventilation sealing material has excellent anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance. Meanwhile, the existence of the isolating membrane prevents the heavy metal in the sealing material from being continuously dissolved out in the acid mine water, and after the coal mine is abandoned, the sealing material does not need to be recovered, and the pollution to underground water is avoided. In addition, the sodium methyl silicate also has a certain water reducing effect, and is also favorable for improving the flowability and the extrusion performance of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material.
In the case of not specifically describingIn the following examples and comparative examples, the following requirements were satisfied with the raw materials used: the content of Ca element in the bottom ash of the medical waste incineration is 30-35 wt%, the content of Si element is 30-35 wt%, and the content of Fe element is 6-8 wt%; CaSO in phosphogypsum4·2H2The content of O is not less than 85 wt%; the silicate cement clinker meets the national standard GB 175-2007; the content of Ca element in the household garbage incineration fly ash is 45-50 wt%, the content of Al element is 10-12 wt%, wherein the content of Al element existing in a metal simple substance is 1-1.5 wt%, and the content of Si element is 15-20 wt%; the content of C in the spontaneous combustion coal gangue is not more than 8 wt%, and SiO is2The content of (A) is not less than 55 wt%, and the barrel pressure strength is 3.8 MPa; ca (OH) in carbide slag2The mass percentage of the component (A) is more than or equal to 80 wt%; aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate are both commercially available. The pH value of the sodium methyl silicate is 13, and the specific gravity is 1.2; the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion is 600 mPas, the solid content is 46.8wt percent, and the PH value is 8.3; the viscosity of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 400 mPas; the hydroxypropylmethylcellulose had a viscosity of 80000 mPas.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 8 parts of phosphogypsum, 40 parts of portland cement clinker, 6.5 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 120 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 4.5 parts of carbide slag, 0.3 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.2 part of sodium carbonate, 0.5 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4.5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.1 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 34 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S1, drying the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum at 110 ℃ to constant weight, screening out metal impurities in the medical waste incineration bottom ash, then respectively placing the medical waste incineration bottom ash and the household waste incineration fly ash into a ball mill for grinding until the specific surface area is 300-450 m2The medical garbage incineration bottom ash, the household garbage incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum which are ground are weighed according to the component proportion in the embodiment and are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is placed in a furnace to be calcined at 900 ℃ for 12min, and the mixture is cooled at room temperatureGrinding after cooling to obtain the powder with the specific surface area of 400-500 m2Per kg of active admixture.
Step S2, grinding the portland cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate to powder with the specific surface area of 350-380 m2And/kg, crushing the spontaneous combustion coal gangue in advance, sieving the crushed spontaneous combustion coal gangue by a 16mm square-hole sieve, weighing the spontaneous combustion coal gangue, the ground silicate cement clinker, the carbide slag and the aluminum sulfate according to the component proportion in the embodiment, and stirring and mixing the weighed spontaneous combustion coal gangue, the ground silicate cement clinker, the carbide slag and the aluminum sulfate at a stirring speed of 70r/min for 6min to obtain a composite dry powder material.
Step S3, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose, acrylic acid emulsion, sodium methyl silicate and ground sodium carbonate into water according to the above-mentioned mixture ratio in this embodiment, and stirring at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 8min to dissolve them sufficiently, thereby obtaining a composite solution.
And step S4, stirring and mixing the active admixture obtained in the step S1, the composite dry powder obtained in the step S2 and the composite solution obtained in the step S3 for 15min at a stirring speed of 100r/min to obtain 3D printing slurry.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared by the embodiment of the invention is subjected to tests on the flow property, the extrudability, the setting time, the compressive strength, the accumulation property and the heavy metal input and output amount, wherein the flow property is determined by using a jump table according to the GB T2419-2005 standard; the evaluation of the extrudability is carried out by observing the state of the slurry discharged from a nozzle, and dividing the evaluation result into four grades of 'good', 'medium', 'poor' according to the conditions that the slurry is uniform, continuous, does not block a pipe and does not break; the setting time and the compressive strength of the 3D printed ventilation sealing material are determined by a mortar setting time determinator and a universal press by referring to JGJ/T70-2009 standard; the accumulativeness of the 3D printed ventilated sealing material is calculated using the following formula: the stacking settlement rate (stacking height immediately after extrusion-stacking height at 28 days of curing) × 100/stacking height immediately after extrusion, where the stacking height immediately after extrusion is set to 15 cm; the determination of the leaching amount of the heavy metal of the ventilation sealing material by 3D printing refers to the national standard GB/T30810-2014, the leaching amounts of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Mn and Ba are mainly considered and compared with the standard, if all the leaching amounts are less than the limit value, the ventilation sealing material is qualified, and if more than or equal to 1 element exceeds the limit value, the ventilation sealing material is unqualified.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below. As shown in FIG. 1, which is an XRD pattern of the active admixture obtained in step S1 of the present example, it can be seen that the active admixture contains C as a component3S2、C12A7、C2S and Al as main components, C3S2、C12A7、C2S can react with water directly to generate Ca (OH)2And a gel phase, thereby increasing 3D printed material strength. A small amount of unreacted metallic aluminum in the waste incineration fly ash can be hydrated with cement clinker in 3D printing slurry to generate Ca (OH)2And Ca (OH) in the carbide slag2The reaction generates hydrogen gas, so that the 3D printing material generates micro expansion in the hardening process.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a scanning electron microscope image of the sample particles of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in this example, it can be seen that there are a large number of pores in the sample, the diameter of which is between 50 μm and 500 μm, the pores are generated by the reaction of unreacted aluminum in the waste incineration fly ash and the alkaline solution, and the bubbles expand the material, promote the self-abutting of the constructed 3D printing sealing wall, and generate a certain prestress. In addition, under the mine pressure effect, the bubble in the 3D printing material is compressed, plays the cushioning effect, has avoided the brittle failure.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 30 parts of portland cement clinker, 8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3 parts of carbide slag, 0.2 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.2 part of sodium carbonate, 0.5 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 28 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in this embodiment is different from the preparation method in embodiment 1 in that the raw material usage in this embodiment is in the above-described component ratio in this embodiment, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 850 ℃, the calcination time is 12min, and other method steps and raw material usage are the same as in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 8 parts of phosphogypsum, 45 parts of portland cement clinker, 6.5 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 6 parts of carbide slag, 0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.2 part of sodium carbonate, 0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4.5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.13 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 40 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in this embodiment is different from the preparation method in embodiment 1 in that the raw material usage in this embodiment is in the above-mentioned component ratio in this embodiment, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 850 ℃, the calcination time is 15min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and the other method steps and raw material usage are the same as in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 40 parts of portland cement clinker, 8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 120 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 4.5 parts of carbide slag, 0.3 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4.5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 34 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials in this example are mixed according to the above components in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 850 ℃, the calcination time is 15min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and other steps and raw material amounts are the same as those in example 1 and are not repeated herein.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 40 parts of portland cement clinker, 5 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 120 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 4.5 parts of carbide slag, 0.3 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1 part of sodium carbonate, 0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.13 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 28 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials in this example are mixed according to the above components in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 950 ℃, the calcination time is 10min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and other steps and raw material amounts are the same as those in example 1 and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 30 parts of portland cement clinker, 8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3 parts of carbide slag, 0.2 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1 part of sodium carbonate, 0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 34 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials in this example are mixed according to the above components in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 950 ℃, the calcination time is 10min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and other steps and raw material amounts are the same as those in example 1 and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 45 parts of portland cement clinker, 5 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3 parts of carbide slag, 0.2 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.5 part of sodium methyl silicate, 5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 40 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials in this example are mixed according to the above components in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 900 ℃, the calcination time is 12min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and other steps and raw material amounts are the same as those in example 1 and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 8 parts of phosphogypsum, 45 parts of portland cement clinker, 8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 6 parts of carbide slag, 0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3 part of sodium methyl silicate, 5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 40 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials in this example are mixed according to the above components in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 950 ℃, the calcination time is 15min, the additive used in step S3 is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and other steps and raw material amounts are the same as those in example 1 and are not described herein again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 30 parts of portland cement clinker, 6.5 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 6 parts of carbide slag, 0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.13 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 28 parts of water.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 1 in that: the raw materials used in this example are in the proportions described above in this example, the calcination temperature in step S1 is 900 ℃, the calcination time is 10min, and other method steps and raw material amounts are the same as in example 1 and will not be described again.
Performance testing
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the embodiment of the invention is tested for flow property, extrudability, setting time, compressive strength, accumulation property and heavy metal input and output, and the test standard and method are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The properties of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the example of the present invention are shown in table 1 below.
Comparative example 1
This contrast example provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the difference between the raw materials of this ventilation sealing material and example 1 by weight parts is: in the comparative example, the addition amount of the phosphogypsum is 1 part, and other raw materials are the same as those in the example 1 and are not described again.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the comparative example is different from the preparation method in example 1 in that: the raw materials in the comparison example are proportioned according to the components in the comparison example; the other process steps and the amounts of the raw materials were the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the comparative example is subjected to tests on the flowing property, the extrudability, the setting time, the compressive strength, the accumulation property and the heavy metal input and output amount, the test standards and the method are the same as those in the example 1, and the description is omitted.
The properties of the 3D printing venting closure material prepared in this comparative example are shown in table 1 below. Due to the fact that the addition amount of the phosphogypsum is low, the content of Ca in raw materials is low, active minerals generated in a high-temperature reaction are insufficient, and the later strength of the 3D printing sealing material is reduced.
Comparative example 2
This contrast example provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the difference between the raw materials of this ventilation sealing material and example 1 by weight parts is: the addition amount of the acrylic emulsion in this comparative example was 9 parts, and other raw materials were the same as those in example 1, and are not described again.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the comparative example is different from the preparation method in example 1 in that: the raw materials in the comparison example are proportioned according to the components in the comparison example; the other process steps and the amounts of the raw materials were the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the comparative example is subjected to tests on the flowing property, the extrudability, the setting time, the compressive strength, the accumulation property and the heavy metal input and output amount, the test standards and the method are the same as those in the example 1, and the description is omitted.
The properties of the 3D printing venting closure material prepared in this comparative example are shown in table 1 below.
Comparative example 3
This contrast example provides a light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material, and the difference between the raw materials of this ventilation sealing material and example 1 by weight parts is: in this comparative example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose was not added, and other raw materials were the same as those in example 1 and are not described again.
The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the comparative example is different from the preparation method in example 1 in that: the raw materials in the comparison example are proportioned according to the components in the comparison example; the other process steps and the amounts of the raw materials were the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
The 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the comparative example is subjected to tests on the flowing property, the extrudability, the setting time, the compressive strength, the accumulation property and the heavy metal input and output amount, the test standards and the method are the same as those in the example 1, and the description is omitted.
The performance of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared in the comparative example is shown in table 1 below, the viscosity of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material is increased and the stackability is improved due to the addition of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and the viscosity of the prepared slurry is reduced and the fluidity is high due to the fact that the two components are not added in the comparative example, so that the deposition and sedimentation rate of the 3D printing ventilation sealing material in the comparative example is greatly increased.
Properties of 3D printing ventilation sealing materials prepared in Table 1, examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0003054930930000171
In conclusion, the 3D printing ventilation sealing material prepared by the method has excellent flowability, extrudability, stackability and yielding performance. The sodium methyl silicate is doped, so that the slurry has excellent fluidity; the viscosity and the consistency of the slurry are increased by the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, so that the slurry smoothly passes through the outlet of the printing head without interruption, the slurry has excellent extrudability, the ventilation sealing wall can be rapidly molded, and the construction efficiency is improved. The 3D printing ventilation sealing material disclosed by the invention has excellent accumulation property and strength property, and the mixing of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate can improve the water retention property of 3D printing slurry, shorten the setting time and increase the early compressive strength, so that after the printing of the ventilation sealing wall is finished, the designed shape can be kept, and the phenomena of inclination, even collapse and the like are avoided. The 3D printing ventilation sealing material has certain yielding performance, the metallic aluminum in the household garbage incineration fly ash reacts in an alkaline solution to generate bubbles and stably exists in the 3D printing slurry, the prepared 3D printing ventilation sealing material is printed into a product through 3D, and when the product is used under a coal mine, when the product is under the pressure of a roadway top plate, the bubbles in the product are compressed to play a buffering role, so that the ventilation sealing wall is prevented from being fragile and damaged, and the sealing effect of the product is ensured.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention is intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-30 parts of medical waste incineration bottom ash, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 30-45 parts of portland cement clinker, 5-8 parts of domestic waste incineration fly ash, 60-180 parts of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, 3-6 parts of carbide slag, 0.2-0.4 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium carbonate, 0.3-0.8 part of sodium methyl silicate, 4-5 parts of acrylic emulsion, 0.06-0.13 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 28-40 parts of water;
ca (OH) in the carbide slag2The mass percentage of the component (A) is more than or equal to 80 wt%;
the sodium methyl silicate has p H value more than 12 and specific gravity of 1.1-1.3;
the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion is 600-800 mPa & s, the solid content is 46-49 wt%, and the p H value is 8-10.
2. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of Ca element in the bottom ash of the medical waste incineration is 25-40 wt%, the content of Si element is 20-50 wt%, and the content of Fe element is 5-10 wt%.
3. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein CaSO in phosphogypsum4·2H2The content of O is not less than 85 wt%.
4. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of Ca element in the fly ash from incineration of household garbage is 45-55 wt%, the content of Al element is 8-15 wt%, wherein the content of Al element existing in a metal simple substance is 1-3 wt%, and the content of Si element is 10-30 wt%.
5. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of C in the spontaneous combustion coal gangue is not more than 8 wt%, and SiO is2The content of (A) is not less than 55 wt%, and the barrel pressure strength is not less than 3.5 MPa.
6. The light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 300-600 mPa s; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 60000-100000 mPa & s.
7. The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, pretreating the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum, weighing the pretreated medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum according to the proportion, uniformly mixing, placing in a furnace for high-temperature calcination, cooling at room temperature and then grinding to obtain an active admixture;
step S2, grinding the portland cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate, then weighing the spontaneous combustion coal gangue according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing the ground portland cement clinker, the carbide slag and the aluminum sulfate to obtain a composite dry powder;
step S3, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, acrylic emulsion, sodium methylsilicate and ground sodium carbonate into water at the same time according to the proportion, and fully dissolving the sodium carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the acrylic emulsion, the sodium methylsilicate and the ground sodium carbonate under the stirring condition to obtain a composite solution;
and step S4, stirring and mixing the active admixture obtained in the step S1, the composite dry powder obtained in the step S2 and the composite solution obtained in the step S3 to prepare the 3D printing ventilation sealing material.
8. The method for preparing the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pretreatment of the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum in the step S1 is to dry the medical waste incineration bottom ash, the household waste incineration fly ash and the phosphogypsum at 105-110 ℃ to constant weight, screen out metal impurities in the medical waste incineration bottom ash, then respectively put into a ball mill for grinding until the specific surface area is 300-450 m2/kg。
9. The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the calcining temperature in step S1 is 850-950 ℃, and the calcining time is 10-15 min.
10. The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the specific surface area of the active admixture obtained in the step S1 is 400-500 m2/kg。
11. Such asThe method for preparing the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 7, wherein after the portland cement clinker, the carbide slag, the aluminum sulfate and the sodium carbonate are ground in the step S2, the specific surface area is 350-380 m2/kg。
12. The method for preparing the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 11, wherein the spontaneous combustion coal gangue is crushed in advance in step S2 and then sieved through a 16mm square-hole sieve.
13. The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 11, wherein the stirring speed in the step S2 is 60-80 r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 4-8 min.
14. The preparation method of the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the stirring speed in the step S3 is 100-160 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
15. The method for preparing the light-burned solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material as claimed in claim 14, wherein the stirring speed in the step S4 is 80-120 r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 10-20 min.
CN202110497278.4A 2021-05-07 2021-05-07 Light-burning solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and preparation method thereof Active CN113248224B (en)

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