CN110078459A - A kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material and its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110078459A CN110078459A CN201910330138.0A CN201910330138A CN110078459A CN 110078459 A CN110078459 A CN 110078459A CN 201910330138 A CN201910330138 A CN 201910330138A CN 110078459 A CN110078459 A CN 110078459A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the methods of preparation and use that a kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material.The material is according to parts by weight, the composition and content of broken haydite concrete are respectively as follows: fast rigid 3.0~4.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, 0.75~1.15 part of flyash, 0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash, 0.08~0.12 part of agstone, 2.4~3.2 parts of haydite, 5.0~6.0 parts of sand, 0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle reagents, 2.3~2.8 parts of water, 0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent, length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7~10mm, length is 0.005~0.007 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm, viscosity is 0.04~0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.The haydite is obtained by processes such as the desiccation of solid waste mud, pre-burning, roasting and coolings, and haydite is scattered to grain diameter control in 0.25~5mm range through broken, stone roller.The present invention prepares 3D printing as part sand material using the broken haydite ground after dissipating and is crushed haydite concrete material, and haydite volume is big, printing performance is high, intensity is high, at low cost, is conducive to the practical engineering application for pushing 3D printing concrete material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cement-base composite material technical field, specifically a kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material
Material and its preparation and application.
Background technique
3D printing technique be it is a kind of it is three-dimensional increase material building technology, combine digital modeling, Electromechanical Control, computer science and
It is green without modelling, material to have construction freedom and flexibility, technique for the cutting edge technology of information technology and the subjects such as material and chemistry
The advantages that colour circle is protected, speed of application is fast.Concrete material is the most common increasing material construction material in civil construction project field, research and development
The concrete material for adapting to 3D printing equipment is key link during 3D printing.3D printing technique, which does not require nothing more than concrete, to be had
The suitable property such as mobility, extrudability and constructability guarantees the continuity and sustainability of print procedure, it is also necessary to protect
There is card printing concrete material enough cohesive strengths formed structure to be made to meet intensity, life requirement.In 3D printing coagulation
The performance of soil material has been achieved for certain achievement and progress on optimizing and adjusting at present.Extrusion type 3D printing concrete is logical
Basalt fibre, carbon fiber and glass etc. can often be added to improve its bending strength.However, for the ring for realizing 3D printing material
The preparation that Industrial Solid Waste, building solid waste are used for 3D printing concrete is of great significance by guarantorization and low-carbon.
Although current pertinent literature, which has been disclosed, prepares tunnel noise reduction haydite concrete, freeze proof haydite using light ceramic
Research achievement in terms of concrete and self-heat conserving haydite concrete functional material.It is public that application No. is 201810363638.X patents
A kind of preparation method of ceramicite cement sill is opened, material has the advantages that excellent compression strength, water imbibition are small, building
It has broad prospects in materials industry.But for 3D printing concrete material the working performance of itself is proposed it is higher
Requirement and challenge.But presently relevant achievement does not refer to the haydite concrete material suitable for 3D printing technique, does not relate to yet
And bulky grain haydite is subjected to the broken output broken up convenient for 3D printing material (haydite of coarse grain diameter easily causes the stifled of printing device
Plug), do not refer to the haydite based on the preparation of solid waste mud in the large dosage problem of 3D printing concrete material.The broken pottery of large dosage
The addition of grain normally affects working performances and the mechanical properties such as the mobility, homogenieity, pumpable performance of printed material.3D is beaten
Print is crushed the big consumption that haydite concrete material prepares achievable haydite with large dosage, utilizes to solid wastes recycling, environmental protection
With important society and environmental benefit；It is also provided simultaneously for the haydite use of thick particle size and recycles direction and method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to propose that a kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material and its side of making and using
Method.The invention is crushed haydite using large dosage and prepares 3D printing concrete material as part sand material, and haydite volume is big, printable
Performance is high, intensity is high, at low cost, is conducive to push the greenization of 3D printing concrete, cost effective and high performance.The preparation side
Raw material are added in two portions method, and addition includes the raw material of powdery type, fine sand class and fiber-like every time, this ensure that
The uniform mix of raw material；Thereafter, water is also added in two portions with additive, reduce cement base unite, pilling the phenomenon that, improve
The workability of concrete obtains that haydite concrete material can be crushed in 3D printing large dosage used in civil engineering.In 3D
(material extruded velocity, horizontal direction print speed, spray head sectional area etc.) printing system within the scope of the parameters that printing device limits
Standby large dosage is crushed haydite concrete material, it is ensured that smooth and concrete material the structural stability of print procedure.
The present invention solve the technical problem the technical solution adopted is that:
A kind of broken haydite concrete material of novel 3D printing, according to parts by weight, the composition and content of concrete are distinguished
Are as follows:
Fast 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.75~1.15 part of flyash；
0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash；
0.08~0.12 part of agstone；
2.4~3.2 parts of haydite；
5.0~6.0 parts of sand；
0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.3~2.8 parts of water；
0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005~0.007 part of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.005~0.007 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.04~0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
A kind of above-mentioned novel 3D printing is crushed the preparation method of haydite concrete material, which includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, fine coal
Ash 0.75~1.15 part, 5.0~6.0 parts of natural sand, 0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle, 0.08~0.12 part of agstone and
0.005~0.007 part of PVA fiber；Second group is 0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash, 2.4~3.2 parts of haydite, basalt fibre 0.005
~0.007 part；Third group is 1.3~1.8 parts and 0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent of water；4th group for surplus water and 0.04~
0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(2) raw material of first group or second group is respectively fed to horizontal type blender to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then accordingly second group and first group of raw material is added in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously again, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly.
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the mixture that step (2) obtains, stirs 90~180s respectively to get to the novel 3D printing and be crushed haydite concrete material
Material.
A kind of above-mentioned novel 3D printing is crushed the application method of haydite concrete material, which is: will be above-mentioned mixed
Solidifying soil material pumping or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, 30~40min of time of repose；Setting printing head goes out
Mouth sectional area is 200~220mm2, extruded velocity is 0.35~0.45m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 255~295m/h, are hung down
It is directly 0.75~0.95m/h to print speed, nozzle printing height is 22~35mm, is then successively printed one by one.
Compared with existing disclosed haydite concrete material, significant beneficial effect of the invention is:
1) novel 3D printing large dosage provided by the invention is crushed haydite concrete material, and 3D printing technique and haydite are mixed
Solidifying soil combines, and the mobility of concrete material, coagulability, extrudability and constructiveness are fine, production efficiency is improved, using big
Volume, which is crushed haydite, largely reduces the destruction generated because using natural sand stone to environment and ecology, reduces 3D
Print the price of concrete material；
2) mixing incorporation PVA and basalt fibre on the one hand effectively inhibit because surface moisture evaporation due to generate contraction,
On the other hand phenomena such as cracking, substantially increases the mechanical strength and ductility of 3D printing haydite concrete material；
3) NaOH improves the solidification rate and cementing strength of concrete system, the final glue of 3D printing haydite concrete material
Solidifying product becomes C, N-A-S-H gel from C-A-S-H；
4) use of viscosity modifier (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) reduces the layering effect of print structure, improves and beats
Print the globality of structure.
5) grain diameter of broken haydite of the invention is controlled in 0.25~5mm range, haydite quality mix than for 15%~
20%.
Advantages of the present invention is that large dosage is crushed to haydite to be used for the preparation of 3D printing concrete material, with copper haydite part
The natural sand in conventional concrete is substituted, good economy and environmental benefit can be obtained, reduces the use of natural sand, protects river
Bed and reduction soil erosion.The concrete material meets the technical requirements of 3D printing equipment, accelerates building for structure and component
Speed and design freedom and flexibility are made, the resource utilization of solid waste haydite is realized.Simultaneously the concrete of preparation have intensity it is high,
The features such as good weatherability, ductility are superior, thermal and insulating performance is good can satisfy construction industry and refer to the performance of haydite concrete plate
Mark requires, and has good prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the original haydite size of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the broken haydite particles size broken up of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is that the 3D printing of embodiment 1 is crushed the effect picture that haydite concrete carries out extrudability evaluation test.
Fig. 4 is that the 3D printing of embodiment 1 is crushed the effect picture that haydite concrete carries out constructability evaluation test.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained further below with reference to examples and drawings, but is not protected in this, as to the claim of this application
Protect the restriction of range.
A kind of novel 3D printing of the present invention is crushed haydite concrete material, according to parts by weight, composition and content are as follows:
Fast 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.75~1.15 part of flyash；
0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash；
0.08~0.12 part of agstone；
2.4~3.2 parts of haydite；
5.0~6.0 parts of sand；
0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.3~2.8 parts of water；
0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005~0.007 part of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.005~0.007 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.04~0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
The specific surface area of the fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, normal consistency use
Water is 25.9%, presetting period 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, and sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,
Basicity factor is that 0.9,3 days flexural strengths are 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.The use of fast hydraulic cement is to make
Cement base obtains higher getting up early intensity, is conducive to the constructiveness for improving cement-based material.
The loss on ignition of the flyash is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, and water demand ratio is
104%, fineness is that 45 μm of square hole screens tail over 17.5%.
The density of the silicon ash is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The sand is 387.5 μ of average grain diameter
M, specific surface area 0.101m2The natural sand of/g；The water-reducing agent is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content
It is 36.5%；The haydite is obtained by processes such as the desiccation of solid waste mud, pre-burning, roasting and coolings, and haydite is through broken, stone roller
Grain diameter control is scattered in 0.25~5mm range, density 0.86g/cm3, bulk density 0.69g/cm3。
The partial size of the agstone is 0.2~25 μm, density 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, resistance to compression
Intensity is 41.37MPa, floatability 96%, and agstone can play the effect of its lubrication, and the extrusion of cement-based material can be improved
Property.
The length of the PVA fiber is 9mm, and diameter is 50 μm, density 0.9g/cm3, tensile strength 4MPa, elasticity
Modulus is 3~8GPa；
The length of the basalt fibre be 12mm, tensile strength be 3300~4500MPa, elasticity modulus be 95~
115GPa, elongation at break are 2.4~3.0%；The addition of two kinds of fibers (PVA fiber and basalt fibre) on the one hand reduces water
The cracking that mud base early stage is formed by moisture evaporation, while the fracture toughness of cement base after hardening can be improved.
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) is a kind of viscosity modifier, and preferred viscosities specification is 50,000 viscosity, viscosity
The use of modifying agent can improve the section cohesive force of 3D printing structure between layers, to improve the entirety of 3D printing structure
Property.
A kind of above-mentioned novel 3D printing is crushed the preparation method of haydite concrete material, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, fine coal
Ash 0.75~1.15 part, 5.0~6.0 parts of natural sand, 0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle, 0.08~0.12 part of agstone and
0.005~0.007 part of PVA fiber；Second group is 0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash, 2.4~3.2 parts of haydite, basalt fibre 0.005
~0.007 part；Third group is 1.3~1.8 parts and 0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent of water；4th group for surplus water and 0.04~
0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(2) raw material of first group or second group is respectively fed to horizontal type blender to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then accordingly second group and first group of raw material is added in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously again, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly.
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the mixture that step (2) obtains, stirs 90~180s respectively to get to the novel 3D printing and be crushed haydite concrete material
Material.
Powder, sand and fiber are divided into two groups in preparation method of the present invention successively to be mixed, then again add each
It is separately added into again after adding agent to mix with part water, the mixing uniformity of cement base can be improved, and powder and fiber are launched in two times
The dispersibility of fiber can be improved, reduces the phenomenon that fiber is united, water, which is added in two portions, can reduce the agglomerating phenomenon of pilling.The system
First group and second group of addition sequence does not require in Preparation Method, and third group and the 4th group of addition sequence do not require, and protects
Card can be sufficiently mixed.
A kind of above-mentioned novel 3D printing is crushed the application method of haydite concrete material, which is: will be above-mentioned mixed
Solidifying soil material pumping or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, 30~40min of time of repose, and the time of repose is
Refer to the time since being prepared to printing concrete mix；Be arranged printing head discharge area be 200~
220mm2, extruded velocity is 0.35~0.45m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 255~295m/h, are vertically to print speed
0.75~0.95m/h, nozzle printing height are 22~35mm, are then successively printed one by one.
The concrete mix obtained according to formula provided by the present invention and preparation method is printed, after printing
Structural body carry out correlated performance test, i.e., fluidity evaluating, constructability evaluation, compression strength evaluation and bending strength comment
Valence can be protected under the premise of meeting proposed 3D printing technique and requiring using the broken haydite concrete of large dosage of the present invention after tested
Card print procedure is gone on smoothly, and after printing gained concrete body stablize it is solid.
Embodiment 1
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material, according to parts by weight, composition and proportion are as follows:
Fast 3.0 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.75 part of flyash；
0.20 part of silicon ash；
0.08 part of agstone；
2.4 parts of haydite；
5.0 parts of sand；
0.002 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.3 parts of water；
0.040 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005 part of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.005 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.04 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
The specific surface area of the fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, normal consistency use
Water is 25.9%, presetting period 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, and sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,
Basicity factor is that 0.9,3 days flexural strengths are 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.The use of fast hydraulic cement is to make
Cement base obtains higher getting up early intensity, is conducive to the constructiveness for improving cement-based material.
The loss on ignition of the flyash is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, and water demand ratio is
104%, fineness is that 45 μm of square hole screens tail over 17.5%.
The density of the silicon ash is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The sand is 387.5 μ of average grain diameter
M, specific surface area 0.101m2The natural sand of/g；The water-reducing agent is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content
It is 36.5%；The haydite is (such as Fig. 1) obtained by processes such as the desiccation of solid waste mud, pre-burning, roasting and coolings, haydite warp
Broken, stone roller is scattered to grain diameter control in 0.25~5mm range (such as Fig. 2), density 0.86g/cm3, bulk density is
0.69g/cm3。
The partial size of the agstone is 0.2~25 μm, density 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, resistance to compression
Intensity is 41.37MPa, floatability 96%, and agstone can play the effect of its lubrication, and the extrudability of concrete can be improved.
The length of the PVA fiber is 9mm, and diameter is 50 μm, density 0.9g/cm3, tensile strength 4MPa, elasticity
Modulus is 3~8GPa；
The length of the basalt fibre be 12mm, tensile strength be 3300~4500MPa, elasticity modulus be 95~
115GPa, elongation at break are 2.4~3.0%；The addition of two kinds of fibers (PVA fiber and basalt fibre) on the one hand reduces mixed
The cracking that solidifying soil early stage is formed by moisture evaporation, while the fracture toughness of concrete after hardening can be improved.
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) is a kind of viscosity modifier, and preferred viscosities specification is 50,000 viscosity, viscosity
The use of modifying agent can improve the section cohesive force of 3D printing structure between layers, to improve the entirety of 3D printing structure
Property.
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed the preparation method of haydite concrete material, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.0 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, flyash 0.75
Part, 5.0 parts of natural sand, 0.002 part of NaOH particle, 0.08 part of agstone and 0.005 part of PVA fiber；Second group is silicon ash
0.20 part, 2.4 parts of haydite, 0.005 part of basalt fibre；Third group is 1.3 parts and 0.040 part of water-reducing agent of water；4th group is remaining
The water of amount and 0.04 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(2) raw material of first group or second group is respectively fed to horizontal type blender to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then accordingly second group and first group of raw material is added in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously again, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly.
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the mixture that step (2) obtains, stirs 90~180s respectively to get to the novel 3D printing and be crushed haydite concrete material
Material.
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material and carries out 3D printing, and specifically used method is: will be above-mentioned
Concrete material pumping or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, and time of repose 35min, the time of repose refers to
Time since being prepared to printing concrete mix；Setting printing head discharge area is 200mm2, squeeze out
Speed is 0.35m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 255m/h, are vertically 0.75m/h to print speed, nozzle printing height is
Then 22mm is successively printed one by one.Print procedure is well on, and institute's print structure globality preferably, stability compared with
It is good.
Haydite concrete material is crushed to the novel 3D printing of the present embodiment and the structural body printed works
The performance tests such as performance and intensity:
Fluidity evaluating:
Referring to standard GB/T/T 2419-2005 " Test method for fluidity of cement mortar ", GB/T 14902-2012 is " pre-
Mix cement base " and GB/T 50080-2016 existing " common cement-base mixture method for testing performance standard " test the present embodiment
3D printing is crushed the mobility of haydite concrete mix, test result are as follows: the slump is 75~88mm, and flowing divergence is
205~210mm, V-type funnel flow time are 20~25s.
Extrudability evaluation:
The extrudability ability for referring to material and being exported by setting, if can be extruded under conditions of small outlet,
That changes the spray head of big mouth into, naturally also can successfully be extruded, and selects beating for small outlet 8mm × 8mm in extrudability evaluation
Print spray head is tested.The present embodiment concrete mix 3D printer print parameters be printing head size 8mm ×
8mm, extruded velocity 5.4L/min, horizontal direction print speed are 255m/h, are vertically 0.75m/h to print speed, spray head is beaten
Print height 22mm under conditions of can constantly, continuously, print length be 200mm filament, and without interrupt and blocking occur, such as
Shown in Fig. 3.
Constructiveness evaluation:
Constructiveness characterization is that material has been stacked certain height without the ability of collapsing, preferred dimension 8mm
The printing head of × 24mm is printed, and material stacking is made, and carrying out constructiveness evaluation, (constructiveness refers to printed material in Vertical Square
To the ability or property of accumulation, too small spout can not carry out constructional evaluation test).The present embodiment concrete material,
It is printing head size 8mm × 24mm, extruded velocity 5.4L/min in the print parameters of 3D printer, horizontal print speed is
Under conditions of 270m/min, vertical print speed 1.3cm/min, nozzle printing height 22mm, 42 layers of vertical printing is without interruption, nothing
It collapses, the depth-width ratio of resulting structures body is 10:1, and the vertical deformation of every printable layer is only 0.59%, as shown in figure 4, illustrating this reality
It applies a concrete material and shows excellent constructiveness and structural stability.
Early stage stiffness estimation:
Referring to standard GB/T/T50080-2002 " common cement-base mixture method for testing performance standard " to this implementation
Example concrete material carries out early stage rigidity test.Test result are as follows: penetration resistance is 20~23kPa when age is 30min,
Penetration resistance is 30~35kPa when 60min, and penetration resistance is 40~48kPa when 90min, when 3h penetration resistance be 100~
Penetration resistance is 185-225kPa when 120kPa, 6h, and penetration resistance is up to 0.75MPa when 8h.
Compression strength evaluation:
Referring to GB/T50081-2002 " common cement-base mechanical test method standard " to the present embodiment concrete material
Material carries out intensity test.Test result are as follows: compression strength is 30MPa when age is 3d, and compression strength is when age is 14d
40.6MPa, compression strength is 50.5MPa when age is 28d.
Bending strength evaluation:
Referring to GB/T50081-2002 " common cement-base mechanical test method standard " to the present embodiment concrete material
Material carries out bending strength test.Test result are as follows: 7d bending strength is up to 7.5MPa, mid-span deflection 0.30mm.
The present embodiment concrete material be can be seen that from above-mentioned test result in the parameter item of the 3D printer of setting
Under part, can by continuously (flowability problem), (extrudability problem, the attached drawing 1) that does not block, can vertical heap come
Without collapsing (constructiveness problem, attached drawing 2) is printed as a structural body, and this structural body of printing shaping is in hardening
There is high compressive strength and bending strength afterwards.The mobility of the concrete mix, extrudability, constructability, compression strength and
Bending strength is good, can be used as the preparation of 3D printing concrete material and printing building element or structure etc. use.
Embodiment 2
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material, according to parts by weight, composition and content are as follows:
Fast 3.5 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.80 part of flyash；
0.20 part of silicon ash；
0.08 part of agstone；
2.8 parts of haydite；
5.0 parts of sand；
0.003 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.5 parts of water；
0.04 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005 part of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.006 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.04 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed the preparation method of haydite concrete material, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.5 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, flyash 0.80
Part, 5.0 parts of natural sand, 0.003 part of NaOH particle, 0.08 part of agstone and 0.005 part of PVA fiber；Second group is silicon ash
0.20 part, 2.8 parts of haydite, 0.006 part of basalt fibre；Third group is 1.3 parts and 0.04 part of water-reducing agent of water；4th group is surplus
Water and 0.04 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(2) raw material of first group or second group is respectively fed to horizontal type blender to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then accordingly second group and first group of raw material is added in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously again, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly.
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the mixture that step (2) obtains, stirs 90~180s respectively to get to the novel 3D printing and be crushed haydite concrete material
Material.
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material and carries out 3D printing, and specifically used method is: will be above-mentioned
Concrete material pumping or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, and time of repose 35min, the time of repose refers to
Time since being prepared to printing concrete mix；Setting printing head discharge area is 200mm2, squeeze out
Speed is 0.38m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 258m/h, are vertically 0.77m/h to print speed, nozzle printing height is
Then 24mm is successively printed one by one.Print procedure is well on, and institute's print structure globality preferably, stability compared with
It is good.
Compression strength is 31MPa when novel 3D printing is crushed the 3d age of haydite concrete material, and compression strength is when 14d
Compression strength is 52.5MPa when 42.6MPa, 28d.7d bending strength is up to 7.8MPa, mid-span deflection 0.33mm.
Embodiment 3
The novel 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material, according to parts by weight, composition and content are as follows:
Fast 4.0 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.90 part of flyash；
0.40 part of silicon ash；
0.10 part of agstone；
3.0 parts of haydite；
5.0 parts of sand；
0.005 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.7 parts of water；
0.042 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.006 part of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.006 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment.
The resulting 3D printing of the present embodiment is crushed haydite concrete material and carries out 3D printing, specifically used method is: will
Above-mentioned concrete material pumping or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 35min, the time of repose
Refer to the time since being prepared to printing concrete mix；Setting printing head discharge area is 200mm2,
Extruded velocity is 0.38m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 268m/h, are vertically 0.78m/h to print speed, nozzle printing is high
Degree is 24mm, is then successively printed one by one.Print procedure is well on, and institute's print structure globality is preferable, stablizes
Property is preferable.
Compression strength is 38MPa when novel 3D printing is crushed the 3d age of haydite concrete material, and compression strength is when 14d
Compression strength is 56.8MPa when 47.4MPa, 28d.7d bending strength is up to 6.8MPa, mid-span deflection 0.29mm.
Embodiment 4
The composition and preparation method of the present embodiment concrete, print parameters are with embodiment 3, the difference is that the present embodiment
3.2 parts of middle haydite, 2.8 parts of water, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose are 0.045 part.
Print procedure is well on, and institute's print structure globality is preferable, stability is preferable.
Compression strength is 30MPa when novel 3D printing is crushed the 3d age of haydite concrete material, and compression strength is when 14d
Compression strength is 48.6MPa when 40.4MPa, 28d.7d bending strength is up to 5.7MPa, mid-span deflection 0.38mm.
Comparative example 1
Especially except 6.0 parts of natural sand, haydite 2.0, other material categories, are stirred mode and beat additive amount
It is same as Example 1 to print parameter.Test result is shown: print procedure can be well on, but because concrete flowability is stronger, beat
The structure of print is tilted so that being collapsed, and structure can not form.Haydite volume is 10% in the comparative example, and it is anti-to carry out 28d
Compressive Strength test, compression strength 40.1MPa, less than the compression strength of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Except the time of repose after the completion of stirring concrete mix is adjusted to 46min, other material categories, addition
Amount, preparation method and print parameters are same as Example 2.Test result is shown: since time of repose is too long, concrete by
The phenomenon that fluidised form is converted into moulding state, often interrupts when squeezing out from printing head, print procedure can not be successfully progress.
Comparative example 3
Especially except 0.01 part of PVA fiber, basalt fibre 0.01, other material categories, additive amount, preparation method and
Print parameters are same as Example 3.Test result is shown: since the incorporation of fiber is larger, being caused in concrete mix
Fiber there is phenomenon of uniting, to occur the phenomenon that blocking at spray head in print procedure, print procedure be can not be successfully
It carries out.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of novel 3D printing is crushed haydite concrete material, according to parts by weight, the composition and content of concrete are respectively as follows:
Fast 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.75~1.15 part of flyash；
0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash；
0.08~0.12 part of agstone；
2.4~3.2 parts of haydite；
5.0~6.0 parts of sand；
0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle reagents；
2.3~2.8 parts of water；
0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7~10mm；
Length is 0.005~0.007 part of basalt fibre of 10~15mm；
Viscosity is 0.04~0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000~70,000.
2. novel 3D printing according to claim 1 is crushed haydite concrete material, it is characterised in that the fast rigid sulphur
The specific surface area of aluminate cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, consumptive use of water normal consistence 25.9%, the presetting period
For 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,0.9,3 days anti-foldings of basicity factor
Intensity is 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.
3. novel 3D printing according to claim 1 is crushed haydite concrete material, it is characterised in that the flyash
Loss on ignition is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, water demand ratio 104%, and fineness is 45 μm of square holes
Tail over 17.5%.
4. novel 3D printing according to claim 1 is crushed haydite concrete material, it is characterised in that the silicon ash it is close
Degree is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The sand is 387.5 μm of average grain diameter, specific surface area 0.101m2/g
Natural sand；The water-reducing agent is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content 36.5%.
5. novel 3D printing according to claim 1 is crushed haydite concrete material, it is characterised in that the haydite be through
Cross what the processes such as the desiccation of solid waste mud, pre-burning, roasting and cooling obtained, haydite is scattered to grain diameter control through broken, stone roller and exists
0.25~5mm range.
6. a kind of any novel 3D printing of Claims 1 to 5 is crushed the preparation method of haydite concrete material, the preparation
Method the following steps are included:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.0~4.9 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, flyash
0.75~1.15 part, 5.0~6.0 parts of natural sand, 0.002~0.005 part of NaOH particle, 0.08~0.12 part of agstone and
0.005~0.007 part of PVA fiber；Second group is 0.20~0.40 part of silicon ash, 2.4~3.2 parts of haydite, basalt fibre 0.005
~0.007 part；Third group is 1.3~1.8 parts and 0.040~0.052 part of water-reducing agent of water；4th group for surplus water and 0.04~
0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；
(2) raw material of first group or second group horizontal type blender is respectively fed to be mixed, until be mixed thoroughly,
Then accordingly second group and first group of raw material is added in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed again simultaneously, is mixed
Stirring, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, mixed material is then added to step respectively
(2) it in the mixture obtained, stirs 90~180s respectively to get to the novel 3D printing and is crushed haydite concrete material.
7. a kind of any novel 3D printing of claim 1-5 is crushed the application method of haydite concrete material, the use
Method is: above-mentioned concrete material pumped or machinery is delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30~
40min；Setting printing head discharge area is 200~220mm2, extruded velocity is 0.35~0.45m3/ h, horizontal direction printing
Speed be 255~295m/h, vertically to print speed be 0.75~0.95m/h, nozzle printing height be 22~35mm, then into
Row successively printing one by one.
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| CN113248224A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-13 | 河南工程学院 | Light-burning solid waste 3D printing ventilation sealing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113884357A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-04 | 南京工业大学 | Characterization method of mechanical index of printed concrete based on extrusion forming process |
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Application publication date: 20190802 |