CN113126097B

CN113126097B - Meteorological detection method and digital phased array weather radar

Info

Publication number: CN113126097B
Application number: CN202110496208.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张垚; 刘强
Original assignee: Huayun Minshida Radar Beijing Co ltd
Current assignee: Huayun Minshida Radar Beijing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-07
Filing date: 2021-05-07
Publication date: 2024-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-07
Also published as: CN113126097A

Abstract

The application provides a weather detection method and a digital phased array weather radar.A digital control/data processing unit processes a target emission signal obtained by performing channel amplitude phase compensation on an emission signal sent by a signal processor by using emission channel amplitude phase compensation information by each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit of the digital phased array weather radar to obtain a digital intermediate frequency signal; the double-polarization antenna array radiates radio frequency power signals obtained by processing the digital intermediate frequency signals by each TR module to space in an electromagnetic wave mode; each TR module processes radio frequency signals formed by the dual-polarization antenna array according to electromagnetic wave echo signals to obtain IF intermediate frequency signals; the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data obtained by processing the IF intermediate frequency signals by each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit by utilizing the receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information to obtain digital data, and the signal processor processes the digital data to generate weather products. The invention can improve the detection accuracy.

Description

Meteorological detection method and digital phased array weather radar

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a meteorological detection method and a digital phased array weather radar.

Background

At present, the domestic traditional weather radar is mainly a parabolic antenna radar, generally adopts a parabolic antenna as a radar wave transmitting and receiving carrier, has less than 2 transmitting channels and less than 2 receiving channels, and realizes azimuth and pitching scanning by adopting servo motor control during scanning. However, the traditional weather radar needs 6 minutes to finish one full airspace scanning detection, and the scale of dangerous convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst storm flow, tornado and wind shear is small, the change speed is high, so that the traditional weather radar cannot timely detect corresponding information, and therefore the dangerous weather cannot be timely identified and monitored.

In the prior art, weather can be identified and monitored through a phased array weather radar, and the phased array weather radar adopts a servo motor to control scanning, so that only 1 minute is needed for completing one-time full airspace scanning detection. The scanning time period can timely detect information of dangerous convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst storm, tornado and wind shear, and therefore the dangerous weather can be timely identified and monitored.

However, the transmitting signals of the existing phased array weather radar need to be synthesized by means of phase shifters, the phase shifters can only realize about 6-bit phase shifting capability, and the phase resolution is low, so that inaccurate conditions can exist in weather identification and detection, and particularly, dangerous convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst, tornado and wind shear can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a weather detection method and a digital phased array weather radar for improving the accuracy of weather identification and detection.

The invention discloses a weather detection method, which is applied to a digital phased array weather radar, wherein the digital phased array weather radar comprises a dual-polarized antenna array, at least one TR module, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit, a digital control/data processing unit and a signal processor, the output end of the signal processor is connected with the input end of the digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit is respectively connected with each intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber, one transceiver interface of one intermediate frequency transceiver unit is connected with one IF interface in a group of TR modules, and the RF interface of each TR module is connected with the dual-polarized antenna array, and the method comprises the following steps:

the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the transmitting signals sent by the signal processor by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained target transmitting signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit;

Each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the target transmitting signal by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal to each TR module;

each TR module carries out frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, and sends the radio frequency power signals to the dual-polarization antenna array, so that the dual-polarization antenna array radiates the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves;

the dual-polarization antenna array forms received electromagnetic wave echo signals into radio frequency signals and sends the radio frequency signals to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signals and sends the obtained IF intermediate frequency signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit;

each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit transmits digital echo data converted from the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to the digital control/data processing unit;

the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by utilizing preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by utilizing a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

Optionally, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a calibration unit and a power combining network, the digital control and data processing unit includes a calibration control unit, the TR module includes a plurality of transmitting channels, couplers connected to each transmitting channel, and Tx coupling interfaces connected to output ends of the respective couplers, each TR module is connected to an input end of the power combining network through the respective Tx coupling interface, an output end of the power combining network is connected to a power combining receiving port of the calibration unit, the calibration unit is connected to an AD interface of the calibration control unit through an Rx interface, and a process of pre-setting amplitude and phase compensation information of the transmitting channels includes:

the signal processor sends the generated initial transmitting signal to the digital control/data processing unit, so that the digital control/data processing unit processes the initial transmitting signal and sends the obtained calibration waveform to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit;

each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the calibration waveform by using the digital-to-analog converter to obtain a transmitting IF signal, and sequentially controls each transmitting channel of each TR module to transmit an RF signal to the corresponding coupler based on the transmitting IF signal, so that each coupler couples the RF signal to obtain a sampling signal;

Each coupler transmits the corresponding acquisition signal to the power combining network through the corresponding Tx interface, so that the power combining network gathers the sampling signals to the calibration unit, and the calibration unit transmits the sampling signals to the calibration control unit;

and the calibration control unit performs ADC signal processing on each sampling information to obtain the amplitude and phase compensation information of the transmitting channel.

Optionally, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a power division network, each TR module includes a receiving channel and a power divider connected to an output end of each coupler, an input end of each coupler of each TR module is connected to an output end of each power divider, an input end of each power divider is connected to the power division network through a corresponding Rx coupling interface of the TR module, an input end of the power division network is connected to a power distribution transmitting port of the calibration unit, a Tx interface of the calibration unit is connected to a DA interface of the calibration control unit, and a process of receiving channel amplitude-phase compensation information set in advance includes:

the signal processor sends the generated calibration signal waveform information to the digital control/data processing unit, so that a test intermediate frequency signal is generated in the calibration control unit based on the calibration signal waveform information, and the test intermediate frequency signal is sent to the calibration unit;

The calibration unit transmits radio frequency test signals to the power division network based on the test intermediate frequency signals, so that the power division network divides the radio frequency test signals into a plurality of identical test signals, wherein the number of the divided test signals is identical to that of the TR modules;

the power division network sends each test signal to each TR module, so that a power divider of each TR module couples the received test signal to a corresponding receiving channel through each coupler of the corresponding TR module, each receiving channel carries out down-conversion and amplification on the test signal to obtain a calibrated IF signal, and the calibrated IF signal is sent to the intermediate frequency transceiver unit connected with the corresponding TR module;

and each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the calibration IF signal by using the analog-to-digital converter and sends a processing result to the digital control/data processing unit, so that the digital control/data processing unit calculates according to each processing result to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation information of the receiving channel.

Optionally, the dual-polarization antenna array includes a horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and a vertical polarization waveguide array surface, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit includes a plurality of horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units and a plurality of vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units, the digital control/data processing unit includes a first optical fiber data beam forming module and a second optical fiber data beam forming module, at least one of the TR modules includes an RF interface through which the plurality of TR modules pass and the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and the plurality of TR modules are connected with the vertical polarization waveguide array surface through the RF interface, the first optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each of the horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units through an optical fiber, the second optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each of the vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units through an optical fiber, the digital control/data processing unit performs channel phase compensation on a transmission signal sent by the signal processor by using preset transmission channel phase compensation information, and sends an obtained target transmission signal to each of the intermediate frequency transceiver units, and the dual-polarization antenna array includes:

The digital control/data processing unit synthesizes the transmitting information sent by the signal processor into a digital transmitting beam, and carries out channel amplitude phase compensation on the digital transmitting beam by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude phase compensation information to obtain a horizontal digital transmitting beam and a vertical digital transmitting beam, wherein the horizontal digital transmitting beam and the vertical digital transmitting beam form the target transmitting signal;

and transmitting the horizontal digital transmission beam to each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module, and transmitting the vertical digital transmission beam to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through the second optical fiber data beam synthesis module.

Optionally, each of the intermediate frequency transceiver units processes the target transmission signal by using an internal digital-to-analog converter, and transmits the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal to each TR module, including:

each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the horizontal digital transmitting beam by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the obtained horizontal digital intermediate frequency signal to the corresponding TR module;

Each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the vertical digital transmitting beam by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the obtained vertical digital intermediate frequency signal to the corresponding TR module;

each TR module performs frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a first radio frequency power signal, and sends the first radio frequency power signal to the dual-polarization antenna array, so that the dual-polarization antenna array radiates each radio frequency power signal to space in the form of electromagnetic waves, and the method comprises the following steps:

each TR module connected with the horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit performs frequency conversion and power amplification on the received horizontal digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain horizontal radio frequency power signals, and sends the obtained horizontal radio frequency power signals to the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface, so that the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface radiates the horizontal radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves;

and each TR module connected with the vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit performs frequency conversion and power amplification on the received vertical digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain vertical radio frequency power signals, and transmits the obtained vertical radio frequency power signals to the vertical polarization waveguide array surface so that the vertical polarization waveguide array surface radiates the vertical radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Optionally, the dual-polarization antenna array forms a radio frequency signal from a received electromagnetic wave echo signal and sends the radio frequency signal to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signal and sends an obtained IF intermediate frequency signal to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit, and the dual-polarization antenna array includes:

the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface is used for forming horizontal radio frequency signals by receiving horizontal polarization electromagnetic wave echoes and sending the horizontal radio frequency signals to each TR module, so that each TR module carries out low-noise amplification and down-conversion treatment on the horizontal radio frequency signals, and the obtained horizontal IF intermediate frequency signals are sent to the corresponding horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and sending units; the TR module is connected with the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface;

the vertical polarization waveguide array surface forms a vertical radio frequency signal by receiving a vertical polarization electromagnetic wave echo and sends the vertical radio frequency signal to each TR module, so that each TR module carries out low-noise amplification and down-conversion treatment on the vertical radio frequency signal, and the obtained vertical IF intermediate frequency signal is sent to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit; the TR module is connected with the vertical polarization waveguide array surface.

Optionally, each of the intermediate frequency transceiver units transmits digital echo data converted from the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to the digital control/data processing unit, including:

each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit utilizes an internal analog-to-digital converter to convert the horizontal intermediate frequency signals into horizontal digital echo data and transmit the horizontal digital echo data to the first optical fiber data beam forming module of the digital control/data processing unit;

each of the vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting units transmits the vertical digital echo data converted from the vertical IF intermediate frequency signal to the second optical fiber data beam forming module of the digital control/data processing unit by using an internal analog-to-digital converter.

Optionally, the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product, and the method includes:

the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module performs amplitude phase compensation on each received horizontal digital echo data channel by using preset receiving through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam synthesis to obtain horizontal array plane digital data;

The second optical fiber data beam synthesis module performs amplitude phase compensation on each received vertical digital echo data channel by using preset receiving through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam synthesis to obtain vertical array plane digital data;

the digital control/data processing unit performs digital wave beam synthesis on the horizontal array surface digital data and the vertical array surface digital data, and the synthesized digital wave beams are sent to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

Optionally, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a bus ring, and the signal processor sends the generated transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit, including:

the signal processor transmits the generated transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit in the form of a data file through the bus ring.

The second aspect of the present invention discloses a digital phased array weather radar, the digital phased array weather radar includes a dual-polarized antenna array, at least one TR module, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit, a digital control/data processing unit, and a signal processor, an output end of the signal processor is connected to an input end of the digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit is respectively connected to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber, a transceiver interface of one intermediate frequency transceiver unit is connected to an IF interface of a set of TR modules, an RF interface of each TR module is connected to the dual-polarized antenna array, the digital phased array weather radar includes:

The digital control/data processing unit is used for carrying out channel amplitude phase compensation on the transmitting signals sent by the signal processor by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude phase compensation information, and sending the obtained target transmitting signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit; after each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit executes digital echo data converted from the IF intermediate frequency signals by using an internal analog-to-digital converter, channel amplitude-phase compensation is carried out on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude-phase compensation information, and the obtained digital data is sent to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate weather products;

the intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit is used for processing the target transmitting signal by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmitting the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal to each TR module; executing received electromagnetic wave echo signals by the dual-polarization antenna array to form radio frequency signals and sending the radio frequency signals to each TR module, processing the electromagnetic wave echo radio frequency signals by each TR module to obtain an IF intermediate frequency signal, and then utilizing an internal analog-to-digital converter to convert the IF intermediate frequency signal into digital echo data and sending the digital echo data to the digital control/data processing unit;

The TR module is used for carrying out frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, and sending the radio frequency power signals to the dual-polarization antenna array so that the dual-polarization antenna array radiates the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves; and after the dual-polarization antenna array receives electromagnetic wave echo signals, processing the radio frequency signals formed by the electromagnetic wave echo signals, and sending the obtained IF intermediate frequency signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

The invention provides a weather detection method and a digital phased array weather radar, wherein a signal processor is used for sending a generated transmitting signal to a digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit utilizes preset transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information to carry out channel amplitude and phase compensation on a received signal transmitting signal, and the obtained target transmitting signal is sent to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the target transmitting signal by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to each TR module; each TR module is made to conduct frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, the radio frequency power signals are sent to a dual-polarization antenna array, and the dual-polarization antenna array radiates all the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves; the dual-polarization antenna array forms a radio frequency signal from the received electromagnetic wave echo signal and sends the radio frequency signal to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signal and sends the obtained IF intermediate frequency signal to each intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit transmits the digital echo data converted by the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to a digital control/data processing unit; the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, channel amplitude-phase compensation is carried out by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude-phase compensation information and receiving channel amplitude-phase compensation information, so that the transmitted or received signals can be unified, and each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit can realize 16-bit or higher phase shifting capability by utilizing a digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by processing a target transmitting signal through an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the phase resolution is high, so that the accuracy of weather identification and detection, especially the dangerous strong convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst, tornado and wind shear, can be improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital phased array weather radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another digital phased array weather radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of a first optical fiber data beam forming module according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the first optical fiber data beam forming module is connected to each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber, and the second optical fiber data beam forming module is connected to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another digital phased array weather radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a transmit channel coupling path in a 4-channel TR module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another digital phased array weather radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a receiving channel coupling path in a 4-channel TR module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a weather detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.

Referring to fig. 1, there is shown a digital phased array weather radar according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the digital phased array weather radar 100 includes a signal processor 101, a bus ring 102, a power supply system 103, a digital control/data processing unit 104, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105, at least one TR module 106, and a dual polarization antenna array 107, an output end of the signal processor 101 is connected to an input end of the digital control/data processing unit 104, the digital control/data processing unit 103 is connected to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 through an optical fiber, a transceiver interface of one intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 is connected to an IF interface of a set of TR modules 106, and an RF interface of each TR module 106 is connected to the dual polarization antenna array 107.

The number of the TR modules 106 in the digital phased array weather radar 100 is twice that of the intermediate frequency transceiver units 105. For example, if the digital phased array weather radar 100 includes 64 TR modules, the digital phased array weather radar 100 includes 32 intermediate frequency transceiver units.

The signal processor 101 is configured to send the generated transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit 104 through the bus ring 102 in a digital file manner.

In this embodiment of the present application, the signal processor 101 may generate a corresponding transmission signal according to the current weather condition, and send the generated transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit 104 through the bus ring 102 in the manner of IQ data file.

In the embodiment of the application, research shows that the traditional weather radar adopts a lower computer (a computer or a DSP signal processor) to realize Digital beam forming (Digital BeamForming, DBF) and the computer to realize signal processing, so that a Digital receiving and transmitting unit (a circuit containing ADC and DAC) needs to transmit data which is not decompressed and compressed to the lower computer through a bus ring to perform pulse decompression processing, and therefore, the transmission data volume is overlarge, the optical fiber interface is required to be too much, the data processing capacity of an antenna array surface is limited, and the processing of the lower computer is labor-intensive after the bus ring. In the present application, the digital control/data processing unit 104 only needs to implement the array plane data aggregation digital beam synthesis, and the signal processor 101 only performs echo signal processing and weather product generation, so that the system can be simplified by connecting the digital control/data processing unit 104 and the signal processor 101 in a fiber direct connection manner.

Note that, the bus ring 102 in the present application uses AC (alternating current) transmission of the bus ring, and the array plane uses AC power. Because of the numerous module units on the dual-polarization antenna array 107, the number of the used direct current units is numerous, the parameter difference among the power supplies is large, and the alternating current is adopted to supply power, so that the conversion of the alternating current-direct current (DC to DC) on the dual-polarization antenna array 107 is more convenient.

It should be noted that the transmission signal may be a single carrier frequency, a chirp, a non-chirp, or the like. For each type of transmitted signal, due to the different detectability and range resolution of each transmitted signal, a variety of signals may be defined for selective use with the digital phased array weather radar 100. Specifically, a section of transmitting signal represented by normalized IQ data can be used, and information carried in the IQ data includes pulse width, frequency modulation information, bandwidth and the like.

Wherein, the basic format of the IQ data can be as followsn represents the sequence number of the signal sequence, A represents the amplitude, < >>Representing the phase. In addition, a->It is clear that the IQ data includes the amplitude and phase information of the transmission signal, and the number of points of the sequence n is related to the frequency and the bandwidth (the bandwidth is the inverse of the frequency) in the normalized time unit. Based on this, a digital transmit signal may be generated that is adjustable in pulse width, frequency, amplitude, phase, as may be available to the digital phased array weather radar 100.

A digital control/data processing unit 104, configured to perform channel amplitude phase compensation on the transmission signal sent by the signal processor 101 by using preset transmission channel amplitude phase compensation information, and send the obtained target transmission signal to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105; so that each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 processes the target transmission signal by using an internal digital-to-analog converter, and transmits the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal to each TR module 106; each TR module 106 is configured to convert and amplify the digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a radio frequency power signal, and transmit the radio frequency power signal to the dual-polarization antenna array 107, so that the dual-polarization antenna array 107 radiates each radio frequency power signal into space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

It should be noted that, the performance parameter of the rf power signal obtained by performing frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signal by each TR module 106 is greater than 130dBc/Hz at the center frequency of 10kHz, which can improve the quality of the rf power signal, reduce the noise of the rf power signal, and for the radar, the noise of the rf power signal is less, i.e. the signal-to-noise ratio of the rf power signal is high, and the phase noise of the rf power signal is low. In addition, the electromagnetic wave echo is scattered and returned to space radiation in the form of electromagnetic wave by a radio frequency power signal, so that the radio frequency power signal-to-noise ratio is high, the electromagnetic wave echo signal-to-noise ratio is also high, and the detection capability of the radar can be improved. And the radio frequency power signal has low phase noise, so that the radar has high ground object inhibition capability, is favorable for removing ground object echoes in radar echoes, and enhances the usability of the radar.

The ability of the dual polarized antenna array 107 of the digital phased array weather radar to detect electromagnetic waves radiated to space can be further improved.

Referring to fig. 1 in combination with fig. 2, the dual-polarization antenna array 107 includes a horizontal polarization waveguide array plane and a vertical polarization waveguide array plane, the at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 includes a plurality of horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units and a plurality of vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units, the digital control/data processing unit 104 includes a first optical fiber data beam synthesis module and a second optical fiber data beam synthesis module, the at least one TR module 106 is connected to the horizontal polarization waveguide array plane and the plurality of TR modules 106 through RF interfaces, the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module is connected to each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit through optical fibers, and the second optical fiber data beam synthesis module is connected to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit through optical fibers. The dual-polarization antenna array 107 has 256 slot waveguide units in total, and a horizontal polarization waveguide array surface is formed by 128 slot waveguide units, and a vertical polarization waveguide array surface is formed by the other 128 slot waveguide units.

It should be noted that, the digital phased array weather radar 100 may include 1 digital control/data processing unit 104, 32 intermediate frequency transceiver units 105, and specifically, the digital control/data processing unit 104 includes a first optical fiber data beam forming module and a second optical fiber data beam forming module, the 32 intermediate frequency transceiver units 105 include 16 horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units and 16 vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver units, the first optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit through optical fibers, and a specific manner in which the second optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each vertical polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit is shown in fig. 3.

Wherein each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 comprises 8 transceiver interfaces, and each TR module 106 comprises 4 transmit channels, respectively.

It should be further noted that, the use of optical fiber connection reduces electromagnetic interference, that is, the connection between the digital control/data processing unit 105 and the intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 is implemented through an optical fiber, so that the intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 is not interfered by other external signals when receiving the signal sent by the digital control/data processing unit 104 or when transmitting the signal to the digital control/data processing unit 104, thereby improving the reliability of the transmission between the signals.

In this embodiment of the present application, after receiving the transmission signal sent by the signal processor 101, the digital control/data processing unit 104 synthesizes the received transmission signal into a digital transmission beam, and performs channel amplitude-phase compensation on the synthesized digital transmission beam by using preset transmission channel amplitude-phase compensation information, so as to obtain a horizontal digital transmission beam and a vertical digital transmission beam.

And the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module is used for sending the horizontal digital transmitting beam to each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit, so that each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the horizontal transmitting beam by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter to obtain a horizontal digital intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained horizontal digital intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to the corresponding TR module through the input port of each transmitting channel of the corresponding TR module.

And the second optical fiber data beam synthesis module is used for sending the vertical digital transmitting beam to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit, so that each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the vertical transmitting beam by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter to obtain a vertical digital intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained vertical digital intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to the corresponding TR module through the input port of each transmitting channel of the corresponding TR module.

Each TR module connected with the horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit carries out frequency conversion and power amplification on the received horizontal digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain horizontal radio frequency power signals, and the obtained horizontal radio frequency power signals are transmitted to the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface, so that the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface radiates each horizontal radio frequency power signal to space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Each TR module connected with the vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit carries out frequency conversion and power amplification on the received vertical digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain vertical radio frequency power signals, and the obtained vertical radio frequency power signals are sent to the vertical polarization waveguide array surface, so that the vertical polarization waveguide array surface radiates all the vertical radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

In this embodiment, the digital phased array weather radar 100 further includes a frequency source, where a first output terminal of the frequency source is connected to a clock terminal of the digital control/data processing unit 104, and is configured to generate a clock signal for the digital control/data processing unit to operate normally. The second output end and the third output end of the frequency source are respectively connected with the local oscillation port of each TR module through the local oscillation network, and the generated local oscillation signals are respectively sent to each TR module, so that each TR module modulates (up-converts) the digital intermediate frequency signals by using the received local oscillation signals, and radio frequency power signals are obtained.

In the embodiment of the application, it is found that as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave increases, the attenuation of the electromagnetic wave by rain decreases rapidly, and the method is specifically shown as follows: the X-band rain attenuation is quite serious, the electromagnetic wave passes through a dewatering area with the radial scale of 100km and the rain intensity of 10mm/h, and the echo attenuation can reach 30dB; c wave band rain attenuation is serious, electromagnetic waves pass through a dewatering area with radial dimension of 100km and rain intensity of 20mm/h, and echo attenuation can reach 15dB; and the S wave band rain attenuation is basically negligible, and the attenuation coefficient of electromagnetic waves is smaller than 0.03dB/km when the rain intensity is 100 mm/h. Because the attenuation coefficient of rain to electromagnetic waves is in direct proportion to the intensity of precipitation, even in medium and small rain, the attenuation of rain becomes a main problem affecting the detection of the X-band phased array weather radar; in the case of heavy rain, rain fade becomes the biggest problem affecting C-band phased array weather radar detection; the S wave band is extremely little affected by rain attenuation, and can smoothly penetrate through clouds and rain areas to realize better weather detection in rain, so that the electromagnetic wave band emitted by the digital phased array weather radar provided by the invention is the S wave band.

A dual-polarization antenna array 107, configured to form a radio frequency signal from a received electromagnetic wave echo signal and send the radio frequency signal to each TR module 106, so that each TR module 106 processes the radio frequency signal, and sends an obtained IF intermediate frequency signal to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105; each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 transmits digital echo data converted from the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to the digital control/data processing unit 104; the digital control/data processing unit 104 performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor 101, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

In the embodiment of the application, after each horizontal radio frequency power signal is radiated to the space in the form of electromagnetic waves and each vertical radio frequency power signal is radiated to the space in the form of electromagnetic waves, when the electromagnetic waves encounter weather targets such as cloud and rain, the electromagnetic waves are scattered, and then the scattered electromagnetic waves are received as echoes by the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and the vertical polarization waveguide array surface respectively.

After receiving the horizontal polarized electromagnetic wave echo, the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface transmits the received horizontal polarized electromagnetic wave echo to each TR module 106 connected with the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface to enable each TR module 106 connected with the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface to perform low noise amplification and down-conversion treatment on the horizontal radio frequency signal to obtain a horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to a corresponding horizontal polarized intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

After receiving the vertical polarized electromagnetic wave, the vertical polarized waveguide array surface transmits the received vertical polarized electromagnetic wave echo to each TR module 106 connected with the vertical polarized waveguide array surface to enable each TR module 106 connected with the vertical polarized waveguide array surface to perform low noise amplification and down-conversion treatment on the vertical radio frequency signal to obtain a vertical IF intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained vertical IF intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to each vertical polarized intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

In this embodiment of the present application, the second output end and the third output end of the frequency source are respectively connected to the local oscillation ports of each TR module 106 through the local oscillation network, and the generated local oscillation signals are respectively sent to each TR module, so that each TR module 106 modulates (down-converts) the radio frequency signal by using the received local oscillation signals, and an IF intermediate frequency signal is obtained.

After each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit receives the horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal, the first optical fiber data beam forming module of the digital control/data processing unit is used for converting the horizontal digital echo data converted by the horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter; and after receiving each horizontal digital echo data, the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module performs amplitude phase compensation on each received horizontal digital echo data channel by using preset receiving through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam synthesis to obtain horizontal array plane digital data.

After each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit receives the vertical IF intermediate frequency signals, the vertical digital echo data converted by the vertical IF intermediate frequency signals are transmitted to a second optical fiber data beam forming module of the digital control/data processing unit by utilizing an internal analog-to-digital converter; and after receiving the vertical IF intermediate frequency signals, the second optical fiber data beam forming module performs amplitude phase compensation on the received vertical digital echo data channels by using preset receiving through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam forming to obtain vertical array plane digital data.

The digital control/data processing unit 104 performs digital beam synthesis on the horizontal array plane digital data and the vertical array plane digital data, and sends the synthesized digital beams to the signal processor, so that the signal processor 101 processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

It should be noted that the weather product may be produced as an hour precipitation, a wind farm inversion, a storm structure, a hail index, a tornado vortex feature, a melt layer, or the like.

Referring to fig. 2 in combination with fig. 4, the digital phased array weather radar 100 further includes a calibration unit 108 and a power combining network 109, the digital control and data processing unit 104 includes a calibration control unit, each TR module is connected to an input end of the power combining network through a respective Tx coupling interface, an output end of the power combining network is connected to a power combining receiving port of the calibration unit, and the calibration unit 108 is connected to an AD interface of the calibration control unit through an Rx interface. Each TR module 106 includes a plurality of transmit channels, a coupler connected to each transmit channel, and Tx coupling interfaces respectively connected to output ends of the respective couplers, as shown in fig. 5.

Alternatively, based on fig. 4 and fig. 5, the process of the preset transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information may specifically be:

The signal processor 101 sends the generated initial transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit 104, so that the digital control/data processing unit 104 processes the initial transmission signal, and sends the obtained calibration waveform to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105.

Each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 processes the calibration waveform by using a digital-to-analog converter to obtain a transmit IF signal, and sequentially controls each transmit channel of each TR module 106 to transmit an RF signal to a corresponding coupler based on the transmit IF signal, so that each coupler couples the RF signal to obtain a sampling signal.

Each coupler transmits a corresponding acquisition signal to the power combining network 109 through a corresponding Tx interface, so that the power combining network 109 gathers each sampling signal to the calibration unit 108, and the calibration unit 108 transmits each sampling signal to the calibration control unit.

Referring to fig. 6 in combination with fig. 4, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a power division network 110, an input end of the power division network 110 is connected to a power distribution transmitting port of the calibration unit 108, and a Tx interface of the calibration unit 108 is connected to a DA interface of the calibration control unit. Each TR module 106 includes a receiving channel connected to an output of each coupler and a power divider, and an input of each coupler of each TR module 106 is connected to one output of the power divider, as shown in fig. 7, and an input of each power divider is connected to the power division network through an Rx coupling interface of the corresponding TR module 106. Wherein, the power divider can be a 1-to-4 power divider.

Alternatively, based on fig. 6 and fig. 7, the process of receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information set in advance may specifically be:

the signal processor 101 sends the generated calibration signal waveform information to the digital control/data processing unit 104, causes the calibration control unit to generate a test intermediate frequency signal based on the calibration signal waveform information, and sends the test intermediate frequency signal to the calibration unit 108.

The calibration unit 108 transmits the radio frequency test signal to the power division network 110 based on the test intermediate frequency signal, so that the power division network 110 divides the radio frequency test signal into a plurality of identical test signals, wherein the number of the divided test signals is identical to the number of the TR modules.

The power division network 110 transmits each test signal to each TR module 106, so that the power divider of each TR module 106 couples the received test signal to a corresponding receiving channel through each coupler of the corresponding TR module 106, and each receiving channel down-converts and amplifies the test signal to obtain a calibrated IF signal, and transmits the calibrated IF signal to the intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 connected to the corresponding TR module 106.

Each intermediate frequency transceiver unit 105 processes the calibration IF signal by using an analog-to-digital converter, and sends the processing result to the digital control/data processing unit 104, so that the digital control/data processing unit 104 calculates according to each processing result, and obtains the amplitude-phase compensation information of the receiving channel.

For example, a digital phased array weather radar includes a signal processor, a digital control/data processing unit, 32 intermediate frequency transceiver units, 64 TR modules, a calibration unit, and a power divider network, where the digital control/data processing unit includes a calibration control unit, and each TR module includes 4 receiving channels, 4 couplers, and 1 divide-by-1 4 power dividers. The signal processor sends the waveform information of the calibration signal to the digital control/data processing, the calibration control unit in the digital control/data processing 104 generates a test intermediate frequency signal for testing based on the waveform information of the received calibration signal, sends the test intermediate frequency signal to the calibration unit, and controls the calibration unit 108 to transmit the radio frequency test signal to the power division network, the power division network divides the received radio frequency test signal into 64 identical test signals and sends the 64 test signals to 64 TR modules respectively, each TR module couples the test signals to corresponding receiving channels of the corresponding TR module according to fig. 7, so that 256 receiving channels of the 64 TR modules obtain test signals (RF signals), each receiving channel carries out down conversion and amplification on the test signals to a calibration IF signal, sends the calibration IF signal to an intermediate frequency transceiver unit connected with the corresponding TR module, becomes digital through an analog-to-digital converter, and sends the test signal to the digital control/data processing unit through an optical fiber, and calculates the amplitude and phase information of the signals received by the 256 receiving channels of the TR module internally, thereby obtaining the amplitude and phase compensation information of the receiving channels.

The invention provides a digital phased array weather radar, which is characterized in that a signal processor is used for sending generated transmitting signals to a digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit utilizes preset transmitting channel amplitude-phase compensation information to carry out channel amplitude-phase compensation on received signal transmitting signals, and the obtained target transmitting signals are sent to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the target transmitting signal by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to each TR module; each TR module is made to conduct frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, the radio frequency power signals are sent to a dual-polarization antenna array, and the dual-polarization antenna array radiates all the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves; the dual-polarization antenna array forms a radio frequency signal from the received electromagnetic wave echo signal and sends the radio frequency signal to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signal and sends the obtained IF intermediate frequency signal to each intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit transmits the digital echo data converted by the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to a digital control/data processing unit; the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, channel amplitude-phase compensation is carried out by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude-phase compensation information and receiving channel amplitude-phase compensation information, so that the transmitted or received signals can be unified, and each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit can realize 16-bit or higher phase shifting capability by utilizing a digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by processing a target transmitting signal through an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the phase resolution is high, so that the accuracy of weather identification and detection, especially the dangerous strong convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst, tornado and wind shear, can be improved.

Based on the digital phased array weather radar shown in fig. 1, the invention correspondingly discloses a weather detection method, the weather detection method is suitable for the digital phased array weather radar which consists of a dual-polarization antenna array, at least one TR module, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit, a digital control/data processing unit and a signal processor, the output end of the signal processor is connected with the input end of the digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit is respectively connected with each intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber, one transceiver interface of one intermediate frequency transceiver unit is connected with one IF interface of a group of TR modules, and the RF interface of each TR module is connected with the dual-polarization antenna array, as shown in fig. 8, the weather detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

s801: the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the transmitting signals sent by the signal processor by using preset transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained target transmitting signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

In this embodiment of the present application, the signal processor may generate a corresponding transmission signal according to the current weather condition, and send the generated transmission signal to the digital control/data processing unit through the bus ring 102 in the manner of IQ data file.

It should be noted that, the bus ring in the present application adopts AC (alternating current) transmission of the bus ring, and the array surface adopts AC power supply. Because the module units on the dual-polarization antenna array are numerous, the number of the DC units is numerous, the parameter difference among the power supplies is large, the AC power supply is adopted, and the AC-DC conversion (DC is DC) can be more convenient on the dual-polarization antenna array.

In this embodiment of the application, the dual-polarization antenna array includes a horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and a vertical polarization waveguide array surface, the at least one intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit includes a plurality of horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting units and a plurality of vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting units, the digital control/data processing unit includes a first optical fiber data beam forming module and a second optical fiber data beam forming module, an RF interface through which the plurality of TR modules pass in the at least one TR module is connected with the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and the plurality of TR modules through the RF interface with the vertical polarization waveguide array surface, the first optical fiber data beam forming module is connected with each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through optical fibers respectively, and the second optical fiber data beam forming module is connected with each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through optical fibers respectively. The dual-polarization antenna array is provided with 256 slot waveguide units in total, a horizontal polarization waveguide array surface is formed by 128 slot waveguide units, and a vertical polarization waveguide array surface is formed by the other 128 slot waveguide units.

Specifically, after receiving a transmission signal sent by a signal processor, the digital control/data processing unit synthesizes the received transmission signal into a digital transmission beam, and performs channel amplitude-phase compensation on the synthesized digital transmission beam by using preset transmission channel amplitude-phase compensation information to obtain a horizontal digital transmission beam and a vertical digital transmission beam.

And the horizontal digital transmitting wave beam is sent to each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through the first optical fiber data wave beam synthesis module. And the vertical digital transmitting wave beam is sent to each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through a second optical fiber data wave beam synthesis module.

In this embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6 in conjunction with fig. 4, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a calibration unit and a power combining network, where the digital control and data processing unit includes a calibration control unit, each TR module is connected to an input end of the power combining network through a Tx coupling interface, an output end of the power combining network is connected to a power combining receiving port of the calibration unit, and the calibration unit is connected to an AD interface of the calibration control unit through an Rx interface. Wherein each TR module includes a plurality of transmit channels, couplers connected to each transmit channel, and Tx coupling interfaces respectively connected to output ends of the respective couplers, as shown in fig. 5.

the signal processor sends the generated initial transmitting signal to the digital control/data processing unit, so that the digital control/data processing unit processes the initial transmitting signal and sends the obtained calibration waveform to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

Each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the calibration waveform by using a digital-to-analog converter to obtain a transmitting IF signal, and sequentially controls each transmitting channel of each TR module to transmit an RF signal to a corresponding coupler based on the transmitting IF signal, so that each coupler couples the RF signal to obtain a sampling signal.

Each coupler transmits corresponding acquisition signals to the power combining network through a corresponding Tx interface, so that the power combining network gathers all sampling signals to the calibration unit, and the calibration unit transmits all sampling signals to the calibration control unit.

S802: each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the target transmitting signal by using an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal to each TR module.

In the specific execution of step S802, each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit processes a horizontal digital transmitting beam by using an internal digital-to-analog converter, and transmits an obtained horizontal digital intermediate frequency signal to a corresponding TR module; each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the vertical digital transmitting beam by using an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the obtained vertical digital intermediate frequency signal to a corresponding TR module.

S803: each TR module carries out frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain first radio frequency power signals, and the first radio frequency power signals are sent to the dual-polarization antenna array, so that the dual-polarization antenna array radiates all radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

In the specific execution of step S803, each TR module connected to the horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit performs frequency conversion and power amplification on the received horizontal digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a horizontal radio frequency power signal, and transmits the obtained horizontal radio frequency power signal to the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface, so that the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface radiates each horizontal radio frequency power signal to space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

S804: the dual-polarization antenna array forms the received electromagnetic wave echo signals into radio frequency signals and sends the radio frequency signals to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signals and sends the obtained IF intermediate frequency signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit.

In the specific execution of step S804, after receiving the horizontal polarized electromagnetic wave echo, the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface transmits the received horizontal polarized electromagnetic wave echo to each TR module connected to the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface, so that each TR module connected to the horizontal polarized waveguide array surface performs low noise amplification and down-conversion processing on the horizontal radio frequency signal to obtain a horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to a corresponding horizontal polarized intermediate frequency transceiver unit.

After receiving the vertical polarized electromagnetic wave, the vertical polarized waveguide array surface transmits the received vertical polarized electromagnetic wave echo to each TR module connected with the vertical polarized waveguide array surface to enable each TR module connected with the vertical polarized waveguide array surface to perform low noise amplification and down-conversion treatment on the vertical radio frequency signal to obtain a vertical IF intermediate frequency signal, and the obtained vertical IF intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to each vertical polarized intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit.

S805: each intermediate frequency transceiver unit transmits digital echo data converted from the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to the digital control/data processing unit.

In the specific implementation of step S805, after each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency transceiver unit receives the horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal, the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module of the digital control/data processing unit sends the horizontal digital echo data converted by the horizontal IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter.

And after each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit receives the vertical IF intermediate frequency signals, the vertical digital echo data converted by the vertical IF intermediate frequency signals are transmitted to a second optical fiber data beam forming module of the digital control/data processing unit by utilizing an internal analog-to-digital converter.

S806: the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

In the specific execution of step S806, the first optical fiber data beam synthesis module performs amplitude phase compensation on each received horizontal digital echo data channel by using preset reception through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam synthesis to obtain horizontal array plane digital data.

And the second optical fiber data beam synthesis module performs amplitude phase compensation on each received vertical digital echo data channel by using preset receiving through amplitude phase compensation, and performs digital beam synthesis to obtain vertical array plane digital data.

The digital control/data processing unit performs digital wave beam synthesis on the horizontal array surface digital data and the vertical array surface digital data, and sends the synthesized digital wave beams to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product.

Referring to fig. 6 in combination with fig. 4, the digital phased array weather radar further includes a power division network, an input end of the power division network is connected with a power distribution transmitting port of the calibration unit, and a Tx interface of the calibration unit is connected with a DA interface of the calibration control unit. Each TR module includes a receiving channel connected to an output end of each coupler and a power divider, and an input end of each coupler of each TR module is connected to one output end of the power divider, as shown in fig. 7, and an input end of each power divider is connected to a power division network through an Rx coupling interface of the corresponding TR module. Wherein, the power divider can be a 1-to-4 power divider.

the signal processor sends the generated calibration signal waveform information to the digital control/data processing unit, so that the calibration control unit generates a test intermediate frequency signal based on the calibration signal waveform information, and sends the test intermediate frequency signal to the calibration unit.

The calibration unit transmits radio frequency test signals to the power division network based on the test intermediate frequency signals, so that the power division network divides the radio frequency test signals into a plurality of same test signals, wherein the number of the divided test signals is the same as that of the TR modules.

The power division network sends each test signal to each TR module, so that the power divider of each TR module couples the received test signal to a corresponding receiving channel through each coupler of the corresponding TR module, each receiving channel carries out down-conversion and amplification on the test signal to obtain a calibrated IF signal, and the calibrated IF signal is sent to an intermediate frequency transceiver unit connected with the corresponding TR module.

Each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the calibrated IF signals by using an analog-to-digital converter, and sends the processing results to the digital control/data processing unit, so that the digital control/data processing unit calculates according to each processing result to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation information of the receiving channel.

The invention provides a weather detection method, which is applied to a digital phased array weather radar, wherein a signal processor is used for sending generated transmitting signals to a digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit utilizes preset transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information to carry out channel amplitude and phase compensation on received signal transmitting signals, and the obtained target transmitting signals are sent to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit processes the target transmitting signal by utilizing an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the obtained digital intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to each TR module; each TR module is made to conduct frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, the radio frequency power signals are sent to a dual-polarization antenna array, and the dual-polarization antenna array radiates all the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves; the dual-polarization antenna array forms a radio frequency signal from the received electromagnetic wave echo signal and sends the radio frequency signal to each TR module, so that each TR module processes the radio frequency signal and sends the obtained IF intermediate frequency signal to each intermediate frequency receiving and sending unit; each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit transmits the digital echo data converted by the IF intermediate frequency signal by using an internal analog-to-digital converter to a digital control/data processing unit; the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by using preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, channel amplitude-phase compensation is carried out by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude-phase compensation information and receiving channel amplitude-phase compensation information, so that the transmitted or received signals can be unified, and each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit can realize 16-bit or higher phase shifting capability by utilizing a digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by processing a target transmitting signal through an internal digital-to-analog converter, and the phase resolution is high, so that the accuracy of weather identification and detection, especially the dangerous strong convection weather such as thunderstorm, downburst, tornado and wind shear, can be improved.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a system or system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to a method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of the method embodiment being made in part. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The weather detection method is characterized by being applied to a digital phased array weather radar, wherein the digital phased array weather radar comprises a dual-polarization antenna array, at least one TR module, at least one intermediate frequency transceiver unit, a digital control/data processing unit and a signal processor, the output end of the signal processor is connected with the input end of the digital control/data processing unit, the digital control/data processing unit is respectively connected with each intermediate frequency transceiver unit through an optical fiber, one transceiver interface of one intermediate frequency transceiver unit is connected with one IF interface of a group of TR modules, and the RF interface of each TR module is connected with the dual-polarization antenna array, and the weather detection method comprises the following steps:

The digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude and phase compensation on the digital echo data by utilizing preset receiving channel amplitude and phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data by utilizing a weather algorithm to generate a weather product;

the dual-polarization antenna array comprises a horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and a vertical polarization waveguide array surface, at least one intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit comprises a plurality of horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting units and a plurality of vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting units, the digital control/data processing unit comprises a first optical fiber data beam forming module and a second optical fiber data beam forming module, at least one of the TR modules is connected with the horizontal polarization waveguide array surface and the vertical polarization waveguide array surface through an RF interface by a plurality of the TR modules, the first optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each horizontal polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through optical fibers, the second optical fiber data beam forming module is respectively connected with each vertical polarization intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit through optical fibers, and the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude phase compensation on a transmitting signal sent by the signal processor by utilizing preset transmitting channel amplitude phase compensation information and sends an obtained target transmitting signal to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit, and the dual-polarization antenna array comprises:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital phased array weather radar further comprises a calibration unit and a power combining network, the digital control and data processing unit comprises a calibration control unit, the TR module comprises a plurality of transmitting channels, couplers connected to each transmitting channel, and Tx coupling interfaces connected to output ends of the couplers, respectively, each TR module is connected to an input end of the power combining network through the Tx coupling interface, an output end of the power combining network is connected to a power combining receiving port of the calibration unit, the calibration unit is connected to an AD interface of the calibration control unit through an Rx interface, and the process of pre-setting the transmitting channel amplitude and phase compensation information comprises:

each coupler transmits a corresponding acquisition signal to the power combining network through a corresponding Tx interface, so that the power combining network gathers each sampling signal to the calibration unit, and the calibration unit transmits each sampling signal to the calibration control unit;

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the digital phased array weather radar further comprises a power division network, each TR module includes a receiving channel connected to an output of each coupler and a power divider, an input of each coupler of each TR module is connected to one output of the power divider, an input of each power divider is connected to the power division network through an Rx coupling interface of the corresponding TR module, an input of the power division network is connected to a power distribution port of the calibration unit, a Tx interface of the calibration unit is connected to a DA interface of the calibration control unit, and the process of receiving channel amplitude phase compensation information includes:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the intermediate frequency transceiver units processes the target transmit signal using an internal digital-to-analog converter and transmits the resulting digital intermediate frequency signal to each of the TR modules, comprising:

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the dual polarization antenna array transmits the received electromagnetic wave echo signals to each TR module to form radio frequency signals, wherein each TR module processes the radio frequency signals, and transmits the obtained IF intermediate frequency signals to each intermediate frequency transceiver unit, and wherein the method comprises:

6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of said intermediate frequency transceiver units transmits digital echo data converted from said IF intermediate frequency signal by an internal analog-to-digital converter to said digital control/data processing unit, comprising:

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the digital control/data processing unit performs channel amplitude phase compensation on the digital echo data using preset receiving channel amplitude phase compensation information, and sends the obtained digital data to the signal processor, so that the signal processor processes the digital data using a weather algorithm to generate a weather product, and the method comprises:

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital phased array weather radar further comprises a buss ring, the signal processor sending the generated transmit signal to the digital control/data processing unit, comprising:

9. The utility model provides a digital phased array weather radar, its characterized in that, digital phased array weather radar includes dual polarization antenna array, at least one TR module, at least one intermediate frequency receiving and dispatching unit, digital control/data processing unit and signal processor, signal processor's output with digital control/data processing unit's input links to each other, digital control/data processing unit pass through optic fibre respectively with every intermediate frequency receiving and dispatching unit links to each other, an intermediate frequency receiving and dispatching unit's a transceiver interface connection a set of an IF interface in the TR module, every TR module's RF interface with dual polarization antenna array links to each other, digital phased array weather radar includes:

the TR module is used for carrying out frequency conversion and power amplification on the digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain radio frequency power signals, and sending the radio frequency power signals to the dual-polarization antenna array so that the dual-polarization antenna array radiates the radio frequency power signals to space in the form of electromagnetic waves; after the dual-polarization antenna array receives electromagnetic wave echo signals, processing the radio frequency signals formed by the electromagnetic wave echo signals, and sending the obtained IF intermediate frequency signals to each intermediate frequency receiving and transmitting unit;