CN112924908B - Magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in optical microcavity - Google Patents
Magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in optical microcavity Download PDFInfo
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- MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron yttrium Chemical compound [Fe].[Y] MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/022—Measuring gradient
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity, which belongs to the field of magneto-optical detection and comprises the following steps: the laser divides the optical fiber into four paths of ABCD through the beam splitter, and after the optical fiber respectively passes through the core component, the four paths of output optical fiber correspond to the four paths of oscilloscopes; the core component comprises a microwave emitter and four microsphere cavity arrays; then, respectively fixing two orthogonal directions of microwave excitation, and constructing a plane x and y coordinate system; closing the y direction, opening the laser excitation in the x direction, and modulating the polarization direction to be the transverse electric field direction; when the oscilloscope displays 0, the microwave emitter is turned on, and the magnetic field gradient in the x direction is calculated under the combined action of the microwave signal and the magnetic field; and similarly, repeatedly calculating the magnetic field gradient in the y direction, and finally, comprehensively constructing the magnetic field gradient vector (x, y) on the two-dimensional surface. The invention has excellent remote detection and complex environment coping capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magneto-optical detection, in particular to a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity.
Background
An optical microcavity is a micron-scale device with highly localized characteristics of the optical field, where the optical field interacts strongly with the magnetic field. In the spherical optical microcavity, the whispering gallery mode is an important mode in the existence of an optical field, and in the ray optics angle, the whispering gallery mode has total reflection of light. Furthermore, the stability requirements of the light field are: in the echo wall optical microcavity, the optical path length generated in one cycle of photon operation is integral multiple of the photon wavelength. The frequency corresponding to the wavelength is the eigenfrequency of the whispering gallery mode and also the maximum absorption frequency when the whispering gallery microcavity is swept.
The characteristic of high localization of photons in the echo wall microcavity makes the photons in the echo wall microcavity more stable, but this also brings a difficult problem: the optical field in the echo wall microcavity is difficult to detect.
Only the optical field with the frequency which meets the condition that the optical path is integral multiple of the wavelength can exist stably in the whispering gallery mode, and the magnetic wave excited by the external magnetic field can change the magnetic conductivity and further change the refractive index of the cavity. The difference in refractive index change between adjacent cavities is proportional to the magnetic field gradient between the two points. And the frequency difference of the emergent light, namely the beat frequency, is proportional to the refractive index difference.
In the traditional magnetic field gradient detection scheme, radio frequency signals or electric signals are used for bearing detection information, the anti-electromagnetic interference capability is poor, and signals cannot be remotely processed;
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of how to realize magnetic field gradient measurement by using a magneto-optical cavity, the invention provides a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity, and magnetic field gradient sensing is realized by using the optical microcavity; the processed signals are all optical signals, and the environment robustness is achieved; and supports ultra-long-range detection, the detection distance is only limited by the light propagation distance in modern optical fibers.
The magnetic field gradient detection method based on the magneto-optical effect in the optical microcavity comprises the following specific steps:
step one, building an optical microcavity detection device of a magnetic field;
the method comprises the following steps: the laser is coupled with one end of an optical fiber through a flange, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a beam splitter, the optical fiber is divided into four paths of ABCD by the beam splitter, after the optical fiber passes through a core component, each path of output optical fiber passes through a flange connection filter, and after filtering, the output optical fiber is finally input into an oscilloscope through a light detector; and the four-way oscilloscope observes the core component.
The core components are as follows: the substrate is a bread board, three microwave emission instruments in the orthogonal directions are fixed through holes in the bread board, and a core device is fixed at the intersection point of the three orthogonal directions;
the core device comprises four microsphere cavities which are respectively positioned at four vertexes of a square;
in the four optical fibers, two optical fibers are respectively positioned above the two rows of microsphere cavities, and the other two optical fibers are respectively positioned on the sides of the two rows of microsphere cavities; the three microwave transmitters are connected with the antenna through signal cables, microwave signals are transmitted into the microsphere cavity through the antenna, and the microsphere cavity is positioned in the range of an external magnetic field;
the microsphere cavity is placed on the shifter, and the moving shifter drives the microsphere cavity to move up and down or left and right.
The telescopic support is installed on the outer side of the microsphere cavity, the optical fiber is carried on the support, and the distance between the optical fiber and the microsphere cavity is adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic support.
And secondly, selecting the direction of the AB two paths of optical fibers as the x direction and the direction of the CD two paths of optical fibers as the y direction, and constructing a plane x and y coordinate system.
Similarly, the direction of the two CD optical fibers may be selected as the x direction, and the direction of the two AB optical fibers may be selected as the y direction.
And step three, closing the laser excitation in the y direction, opening the laser excitation in the x direction, modulating the polarization direction of the laser to be in the transverse electric field direction, and when the transmitted light intensity displayed by the two oscilloscopes AB is 0, the light absorption is maximum.
Step four, when the AB two oscilloscopes are displayed as 0, the three microwave transmitters are opened, and the magnetic field gradient in the x direction is calculated under the combined action of the microwave signals and the magnetic field;
the specific process is as follows:
firstly, aiming at each path of optical fiber, when light with the laser frequency of w passes through two microsphere cavities in sequence, the two microsphere cavities generate light with the frequencies of w1 and w2 respectively due to different magnetic field strengths of the two microsphere cavities;
filtering light with frequency w after passing through a filter, wherein the rest light generates beat frequency with frequency w2-w 1;
then, dividing the beat frequency by a coefficient g corresponding to the inherent frequency of the microsphere cavity and the magnetic field intensity to obtain the magnetic field intensity difference between the two microsphere cavities: d ═ w2-w 1)/g;
and finally, dividing the magnetic field intensity difference by the distance l between the two microsphere cavity balls to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the x direction:
x＝d/l
step five, similarly, closing the laser excitation in the x direction, opening the laser excitation in the y direction, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the y direction, and comprehensively constructing the magnetic field gradient vector (x, y) on the two-dimensional surface.
The invention has the advantages that:
a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity adopts a beat frequency-refractive index difference-magnetic field gradient corresponding mechanism, realizes detection of an optical field through beat frequency, has the characteristic of low equipment requirement, uses an optical field as a carrier of a detection signal, and has excellent remote detection and complex environment coping capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an optical microcavity detection device for constructing a magnetic field according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a microwave launcher for use in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the core device in a single direction according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of a coupling array of a core component and an optical fiber employed in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand and practice the invention.
The invention discloses a magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity, which utilizes a magneto-optical material with magnetic conductivity capable of generating periodic oscillation under the excitation of a magnetic field, and prepares the magneto-optical material into a spherical shape so as to bear an optical field in a whispering gallery mode; the spherical structure is prepared into a two-dimensional array, the spherical structure is coupled in space by using the waveguide, the optical field frequencies of the magnetic spheres at different positions are different, beat frequencies are formed by the superposition of the light, the beat frequencies correspond to the frequency difference of the two spherical optical fields, namely the magnetic field intensity difference, and the unidirectional magnetic field difference is measured. The magnetic field gradient detection on a two-dimensional surface is further realized through the prepared array.
The magnetic field gradient detection method based on the magneto-optical effect in the optical microcavity comprises the following specific steps as shown in fig. 1:
step one, building an optical microcavity detection device of a magnetic field;
as shown in fig. 2, includes: the laser is coupled with one end of an optical fiber through a flange, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a beam splitter, the optical fiber is divided into four paths of ABCD by the beam splitter, after the optical fibers respectively pass through a core component, each path of output optical fiber respectively passes through a flange connection filter, and the filtered output optical fiber is finally input into an oscilloscope through a light detector, wherein the parts B, C and D are completely the same as the part A; and the four-way oscilloscope observes the core component.
As shown in fig. 3, the core components are: the substrate is a bread board, three microwave emission instruments in the orthogonal directions are fixed through holes in the bread board, and a core device is fixed at the intersection point of the three orthogonal directions;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the core device includes four microsphere cavities respectively located at four vertices of a square;
in the four optical fibers, two optical fibers are respectively positioned above the two rows of microsphere cavities, and the other two optical fibers are respectively positioned on the sides of the two rows of microsphere cavities; the three microwave transmitters are connected with the antenna through signal cables, microwave signals are transmitted into the microsphere cavity through the antenna, and the microsphere cavity is positioned in the range of an external magnetic field;
the microsphere cavity is placed on the shifter, and the moving shifter drives the microsphere cavity to move up and down or left and right.
The telescopic support is installed on the outer side of the microsphere cavity, the optical fiber is carried on the support, and the distance between the optical fiber and the microsphere cavity is adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic support.
Furthermore, the microsphere cavity material adopts one of yttrium iron stone rock, ferric fluoride and Bi-doped rare earth iron garnet stone.
Further, the optical fiber is made of one of silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, lithium niobate, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride and germanium.
And secondly, selecting the direction of the AB two paths of optical fibers as the x direction and the direction of the CD two paths of optical fibers as the y direction, and constructing a plane x and y coordinate system.
Similarly, the direction of the two CD optical fibers may be selected as the x direction, and the direction of the two AB optical fibers may be selected as the y direction.
Or the directions of the two microwave excitations are fixed so as to be orthogonal on the detection plane, thereby constructing an x, y coordinate system.
And step three, closing the laser excitation in the y direction, opening the laser excitation in the x direction, modulating the polarization direction of the laser to be the transverse electric field direction, and adjusting the laser frequency to enable the light absorption to be maximum when the transmission light intensity displayed by the two oscilloscopes AB is 0.
Step four, when the two oscilloscopes AB are displayed as 0, the three microwave transmitters are turned on, beat frequency is generated under the combined action of microwave signals and a magnetic field, and a photoelectric detector is used for detecting the beat frequency, so that the magnetic field gradient in the x direction is calculated;
the specific process is as follows:
firstly, aiming at each path of optical fiber, when light with the laser frequency of w passes through two microsphere cavities in sequence, the two microsphere cavities generate light with the frequencies of w1 and w2 respectively due to different magnetic field strengths of the two microsphere cavities;
filtering light with frequency w after passing through a filter, wherein the rest light generates beat frequency with frequency w2-w 1;
then, dividing the beat frequency by a coefficient g corresponding to the inherent frequency of the microsphere cavity and the magnetic field intensity to obtain the magnetic field intensity difference between the two microsphere cavities: d ═ w2-w 1)/g;
and finally, dividing the magnetic field intensity difference by the distance l between the two microsphere cavity balls to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the x direction:
x＝d/l
step five, similarly, closing the laser excitation in the x direction, opening the laser excitation in the y direction, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the y direction, and comprehensively constructing the magnetic field gradient vector (x, y) on the two-dimensional surface.
Examples
Firstly, in an optical microcavity detection device of a magnetic field, a laser light source is a standard communication light source, namely, a laser with the wavelength of 1550nm, and the power is 0.03 mw; the four microsphere cavities adopt an yttrium iron stone travertine sphere array with polished surfaces, the optical fibers are coupled at the equator position of the yttrium iron stone travertine sphere array, the laser field excites the vibration of the magnetic conductivity, the wavelength of light emitted by two microspheres on the same optical fiber under the action of the magnetic field has a certain frequency difference, and the two parts of light form beat frequency; the optical detector converts the beat frequency of the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is detected by an oscilloscope.
The optical fiber is of a silica optical fiber cone structure, and the power of an external microwave excitation structure is 320 mw.
Finally, it is noted that the disclosed embodiments are intended to aid in further understanding of the invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A magnetic field gradient detection method based on magneto-optical effect in an optical microcavity is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one, building an optical microcavity detection device of a magnetic field;
the method comprises the following steps: the laser is coupled with one end of an optical fiber through a flange, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a beam splitter, the optical fiber is divided into four paths of ABCD by the beam splitter, after the optical fiber passes through a core component, each path of output optical fiber passes through a flange connection filter, and after filtering, the output optical fiber is finally input into an oscilloscope through a light detector; observing the core component by a four-path oscilloscope;
the core components are as follows: the substrate is a bread board, three microwave emission instruments in the orthogonal directions are fixed through holes in the bread board, and a core device is fixed at the intersection point of the three orthogonal directions;
the core device comprises four microsphere cavities which are respectively positioned at four vertexes of a square;
in the four optical fibers, two optical fibers are respectively positioned above the two rows of microsphere cavities, and the other two optical fibers are respectively positioned on the sides of the two rows of microsphere cavities; the three microwave transmitters are connected with the antenna through signal cables, microwave signals are transmitted into the microsphere cavity through the antenna, and the microsphere cavity is positioned in the range of an external magnetic field;
secondly, selecting the direction of the AB two paths of optical fibers as the x direction and the direction of the CD two paths of optical fibers as the y direction, and constructing a plane x and y coordinate system;
step three, closing laser excitation in the y direction, opening laser excitation in the x direction, modulating the polarization direction of the laser to be in the transverse electric field direction, and when the transmission light intensity displayed by the two oscilloscopes AB is 0, the light absorption is maximum;
step four, when the two oscilloscopes in the step AB display that the transmitted light intensity is 0, the three microwave transmitters are opened, and the magnetic field gradient in the x direction is calculated under the combined action of the microwave signals and the magnetic field;
the specific process is as follows:
firstly, aiming at each path of optical fiber, when light with the laser frequency of w passes through two microsphere cavities in sequence, the two microsphere cavities generate light with the frequencies of w1 and w2 respectively due to different magnetic field strengths of the two microsphere cavities;
filtering light with frequency w after passing through a filter, wherein the rest light generates beat frequency with frequency w2-w 1;
then, dividing the beat frequency by a coefficient g corresponding to the inherent frequency of the microsphere cavity and the magnetic field intensity to obtain the magnetic field intensity difference between the two microsphere cavities: d ═ w2-w 1)/g;
and finally, dividing the magnetic field intensity difference by the distance l between the two microsphere cavity balls to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the x direction:
x＝d/l
step five, similarly, closing the laser excitation in the x direction, opening the laser excitation in the y direction, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain the magnetic field gradient in the y direction, and comprehensively constructing the magnetic field gradient vector (x, y) on the two-dimensional surface.
2. The method for detecting the magnetic field gradient based on the magneto-optical effect in the optical microcavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microsphere cavity in the first step is placed on a shifter, and the shifter is moved to drive the microsphere cavity to move up and down or left and right.
3. The method for detecting the magnetic field gradient based on the magneto-optical effect in the optical microcavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, an extensible bracket is installed outside the microsphere cavity, an optical fiber is carried on the bracket, and the distance between the optical fiber and the microsphere cavity is adjusted by adjusting the length of the extensible bracket.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step one, the microsphere cavity material is yttrium iron garnet; ferric fluoride; one of Bi-doped rare earth iron garnet stones.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the optical fiber is made of one of silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, lithium niobate, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, or germanium.
6. The method for detecting the magnetic field gradient based on the magneto-optical effect in the optical microcavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the x, y coordinate system of the plane is replaced by: the direction of the two CD optical fibers is the x direction, and the direction of the two AB optical fibers is the y direction.
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| CN104466620A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | Frequency stabilization type photoproduction microwave signal source based on optical microcavity |
| CN105785287A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Ultrasensitive magnetic field sensor based on optical microcavity |
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| US7123359B2 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2006-10-17 | Arrowhead Center, Inc. | Optical devices and methods employing nanoparticles, microcavities, and semicontinuous metal films |
| US8704155B2 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-04-22 | Washington University | Nanoscale object detection using a whispering gallery mode resonator |
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| CN104466620A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | Frequency stabilization type photoproduction microwave signal source based on optical microcavity |
| CN105785287A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Ultrasensitive magnetic field sensor based on optical microcavity |
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| "High‐Fidelity Universal Quantum Controlled Gates on Electron‐Spin Qubits in Quantum Dots Inside Single‐Sided Optical Microcavities";Cong Cao等;《Advanced Quantum Technologies》;20191231;第1900081：1-9页 * |
| "正方形空气孔L3型光子晶体平板微腔的研究与设计";韩利红等;《光学学吧》;20131130;第1116005：1-4页 * |
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