CN112841233A

CN112841233A - Traditional Chinese medicine pesticide

Info

Publication number: CN112841233A
Application number: CN202110120394.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何彬生
Original assignee: Changsha Medical University
Current assignee: Changsha Medical University
Priority date: 2021-01-28
Filing date: 2021-01-28
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide, which comprises the following components: semen Momordicae, Camphora, Bufonis venenum, fructus Cnidii, Bulbus Allii, cortex pseudolaricis, Alumen, nidus Vespae, Arecae semen, cortex Meliae, fructus quisqualis, Omphalia, herba Agrimoniae bud, Notoginseng radix, semen Torreyae, Piper methysticum, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, fructus Piperis, fructus Zanthoxyli, fructus Piperis, and essence; the insecticide can kill beetles, flies, grubs, noseworms, springtails and nearly ten thousand other pests, and has excellent insecticidal effect; the pure traditional Chinese medicine composition is nontoxic to human bodies and environment, can promote the growth of crops and improve the nutritive value of the crops; the preparation method of the pesticide is simple, low in cost, easy to operate, capable of realizing industrialization, strong in practicability and strong in popularization.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine pesticide

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

Background

Pesticidal insecticides can be used to kill insects, fungi and other organisms that harm the growth of crops. At present, the known pesticides are various, but basically contain some chemical components, even some chemical components which are toxic and harmful to human bodies, so that operators are easily threatened by the toxic and harmful components while performing insecticidal operation, and meanwhile, part of the drugs are easily left on agricultural crops after spraying, so that the product quality of the agricultural products is influenced to a certain extent, and the human health is also influenced after eating the pesticides.

The agricultural insecticide in the market has the following characteristics:

1. organic synthetic insecticide: is an organic compound pesticide prepared by a synthetic method. The pesticide has wide application and high effect, so the pesticide is developed quickly and is the most important pesticide for future use. The pesticide has a plurality of varieties produced at home and abroad, such as dichlorvos, deltamethrin and the like. This class of insecticides can be further classified into the following categories depending on their chemical composition.

(1) Organic chlorine insecticide: the molecule of the cunji chloroinsecticide contains chlorine element, toxaphene, etc. (production is stopped in the picture)

(2) Organophosphorus insecticide: the molecules of the organophosphorus pesticide contain phosphorus element fenitrothion, trichlorfon and the like

(3) Organic nitrogen insecticides: the organic nitrogen pesticide contains nitrogen element such as carbaryl, leafhopper powder, sandfly and the like in molecules.

4) Pyrethroid insecticides for mountain kill; pyrethroid insecticides are artificially synthesized compounds that resemble natural pyrethrins. Is the fastest developing pesticide, such as killing pyrethrin, deltamethrin and the like.

The pesticide has great harm to human body and environment after long-term use.

2. Inorganic insecticides: refers to the insecticides of inorganic compounds, such as arsenous acid (arsenous acid), sodium fluoride, etc., and such insecticides are also called mineral insecticides.

3. Microbial kill: microbial insecticides are used to control pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc.) of pests, such as, for example, cochliobolus, beauveria, 7216, etc.

4. The plant-toughness insecticide is made up by using natural plant material. It contains natural organic compound as effective component and pyrethrum, tobacco and various plant pesticide.

The above insecticides have limited effectiveness or are effective against a single pest.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide comprises the following components: semen Momordicae, Camphora, Bufonis venenum, fructus Cnidii, Bulbus Allii, cortex pseudolaricis, Alumen, nidus Vespae, Arecae semen, cortex Meliae, fructus quisqualis, Omphalia, herba Agrimoniae bud, Notoginseng radix, semen Torreyae, Piper methysticum, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, fructus Piperis, fructus Zanthoxyli, and essence.

Preferably, the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20 parts of semen momordicae, 20 parts of camphor, 20 parts of venenum bufonis, 20 parts of fructus cnidii, 20 parts of garlic, 20 parts of golden larch bark, 20 parts of alum, 20 parts of honeycomb, 20 parts of betel nut, 20 parts of cortex meliae, 20 parts of rangoon creeper fruit, 20 parts of stone-like omphalia, 20 parts of hairyvein agrimony bud, 20 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 20 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 20 parts of drumstick tree, 20 parts of ginger, 20 parts of pepper, 20 parts of mountain pepper and 20 parts of essence.

Preferably, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide comprises the following steps:

step S1: adding the traditional Chinese medicines into a container according to a formula, and adding water with the dosage of +/-20% of the traditional Chinese medicines into the container for soaking;

step S2: filtering to obtain extractive solution after soaking, and keeping the extractive solution for use;

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

step S4: filtering the mixed solution to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

Preferably, the adding amount of the alcohol is 25% -30% of the extracting solution.

Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol is 20%.

Preferably, the soaking time is 120 h.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application do:

1. the insecticide can kill beetles, flies, grubs, noseworms, springtails and nearly ten thousand other pests, and has excellent insecticidal effect;

2. the pesticide disclosed by the invention is prepared from pure traditional Chinese medicines, has no toxicity to human bodies and environment, can promote the growth of crops, and improves the nutritive value of the crops;

3. the pesticide of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost, easy operation, realization of industrialization, strong practicability and strong popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a sample of a pesticide and a blank reagent; FIG. 2 is a view of a scene of collected insects; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a scene where insects are collected; FIG. 4 is a graph of activity of the experimental group collected insect records; FIG. 5 is a graph of insect record activity collected from a control group; FIG. 6 is a graph of insect survival in a control group; FIG. 7 is a graph of insect survival in experimental groups; FIG. 8 is a graph of skin irritation test for intact skin with traditional Chinese medicine, wherein

A. A solvent control group; B. a saline control group; C. a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide experimental group;

FIG. 9 is a skin irritation test of a Chinese medicinal pesticide on damaged skin.

Wherein, A, normal saline control group; B. a solvent control group; C. traditional Chinese medicine pesticide experimental group

FIG. 10 shows the sensitization test of the pesticide in the traditional Chinese medicine, wherein A is a normal saline control group; B. a positive control group; C. traditional Chinese medicine and pesticide experimental group.

FIG. 11 is a drawing 11 of eye irritation test of Chinese medicinal pesticide.

(A. normal saline control group; B. solvent control group; C. traditional Chinese medicine pesticide experimental group)

FIG. 12 is a graph of the eye irritation scores of pesticides in Chinese herbs; FIG. 13 is a schematic section (percutaneous) of a Chinese medicinal pesticide; FIG. 14 is a kidney pathological section (percutaneous) of Chinese medicinal composition; FIG. 15 pathological section of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide ovary (percutaneous); fig. 16 pathological section of chinese herbal drug testis (percutaneous); fig. 17 pathological section of spleen (percutaneous) of traditional Chinese medicine pesticide; FIG. 18 is a schematic section (oral administration) of the Chinese medicinal herb; FIG. 19 is a physical slice (oral) of Chinese medicinal pesticide; fig. 20 pathological ovarian section (oral) of Chinese herbal medicine pesticide; FIG. 21 pathological section of testis (oral) of Chinese medicinal pesticide; FIG. 22 is a pathological section (oral) of spleen containing Chinese medicinal pesticide.

Detailed Description

The pharmacology of the traditional Chinese medicine is as follows:

semen Momordicae, the dry mature seed of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng of Momordica of Cucurbitaceae, is a traditional toxic Chinese medicine, and is mainly distributed in southern areas of China such as Guangxi and Guangdong, and also distributed in southeast Asia countries such as Thailand and Vietnam; the functional indications are as follows: has effects of relieving swelling, resolving hard mass, removing toxic substance and treating sore, and can be used for treating pyocutaneous disease, toxic swelling, and acute mastitis.

Camphor, camphor and the name of traditional Chinese medicine. Is a granule prepared by distilling and refining roots, stems, branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl of Lauraceae; the functional indications are as follows: the camphor oil has the efficacies of mosquito repelling and bacteria inhibiting, and the oral administration of a proper amount of camphor preparations can stimulate intestinal mucosa reflex to increase intestinal peristalsis, so that the stomach has warm and comfortable feeling, and has the function of dispelling wind.

Toad venom is the secretion of the posterior auricular gland and the epidermal gland of toad (cinobufagin venom toad), white milky liquid or pale yellow liquid, and is toxic. Extracting Bufonis venenum of Bufonis venenum to obtain slurry, drying, coloring, sealing, and storing; the functional indications are as follows: resolving food stagnation, killing parasite, removing toxic substance, relieving swelling, tonifying heart, and relieving pain.

Cnidium fruit, Cnidium monnieri (L.) cuss. Belongs to the family of Umbelliferae, also known as snake rice, cnidium monnieri and snake pearl, and is collected in summer and autumn when the fruit is ripe, the impurities are removed, and the fruit is dried in the sun. The Chinese medicine cnidium fruit refers to dried mature fruit of plant cnidium fruit, small herbaceous plant, whole herb is used as medicine; the functional indications are as follows: the cnidium fruit has the functions of resisting epilepsy, promoting learning and memory, and androgen-like and other pharmacological actions; can also protect melanocyte activity, and has therapeutic effect on vitiligo.

Garlic, which is the bulb of Allium sativum L. of the family Liliaceae. Collected in summer when the leaves are dry, the fibrous roots and the silt are removed, and the skin is ventilated and aired to be dry. Pungent and warm. Spleen, stomach and lung meridians entered; the functional indications are as follows: detoxify and resolve swelling, kill parasites and stop dysentery. Can be used for treating carbuncle, swelling, sore and ulcer, scabies, tinea, pulmonary tuberculosis, cough, diarrhea, and dysentery

Golden larch bark, which is the dried root bark or near-root bark of the plant Pinus massoniana (Pseudolarix kamepferi Gord.) of Pinaceae. Peeling in summer, and sun drying; the functional indications are as follows: killing parasites and relieving itching; it is indicated for scabies, tinea and pruritus.

The alum is prepared by processing and extracting sulfate mineral alum, and the calcined alum is called as dried alum; the function is mainly treated: has effects in clearing away heat, eliminating dampness, killing parasites, relieving itching, and relieving inflammation. It can be used for treating eczema, scabies, suppuration of Tremella, chronic diarrhea, hematochezia, metrorrhagia, epilepsy, mania, hypertension, ascites due to cirrhosis, digestive tract hemorrhage, chronic ulcer, otitis media, and aphtha.

Honeycomb, name of traditional Chinese medicine. Nests of wasp family insects, hornet Polistes olivaceous (DeGeer), Japanese Polistes japonica Saussure or Heteroclita Paraolybia varicus; the functional indications are as follows: has the effects of counteracting toxic substances, killing parasites, dispelling pathogenic wind and relieving pain. It is commonly used for sores, ulcers, abscess, mastitis, scrofula, intractable tinea, fungal infection of hand and foot, toothache, rheumatism and arthralgia.

Areca catechu (Areca catech u L.) is a dry mature seed of Areca catechu of Palmae, also known as Renmen, Bingmen, Olive, Qingzi, Arecae semen, etc. The Malaysia is originally produced, and the Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan and other places in China are cultivated; the functional indications are as follows: has anthelmintic effect, and can inhibit or kill various parasites.

Cortex Meliae (Meliae cortex) is dried bark and root bark of Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc. or Melia azedarach L. of Meliaceae; the functional indications are as follows: has anthelmintic, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesic effects. Increase the bile secretion of the anesthetized rats and have the functions of resisting gastric ulcer, resisting diarrhea and benefiting gallbladder.

Quisqualis indica, also known as fructus kochiae, fructus sorrel, is a dried mature fruit of Quisqualis indica (L.) of Quisqualis. Mainly produced in tropical and subtropical regions; the functional indications are as follows: can be used for treating ascariasis, enterobiasis, abdominal pain due to parasitic infestation, and infantile malnutrition.

Omphalia, cold in nature, slightly bitter in taste. The large intestine meridian and the stomach meridian enter the large intestine meridian and the stomach meridian, and are usually irregular hard blocks to spherical or nearly oval, the diameter is 0.8-2.5 cm, and the thickness is 4 cm; the surface is dark brown, has fine texture or fine wrinkles, and the inner surface is tightly interwoven mycelium. The texture is hard, the section is wax white, semitransparent, has white texture and is slightly sticky; the functional indications are as follows: kill parasites and remove food retention. Belongs to an anthelmintic.

Agrimony bud, named as Chinese medicinal material. The product is underground winter bud of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb of Rosaceae. Collecting the withered overground part (9-11 months) until the plant sprouts in the next spring (3-4 months), digging out roots, taking down the winter buds, removing the underground roots, but leaving fibrous roots on the winter buds, and cleaning and drying in the sun or drying below 55 ℃; the functional indications are as follows: and (4) expelling insects. Taenia disease is treated.

Semen Torreyae is dry mature seed of Torreya grandis Fort. belonging to family Taxaceae. Harvesting in autumn when the seeds are mature, removing the aril, cleaning, and drying in the sun; the functional indications are as follows: can be used for treating ancylostomiasis, ascariasis, taeniasis, abdominal pain due to parasitic infestation, infantile malnutrition, cough due to lung dryness, and constipation.

Pieris japonica (Pieris japonica) is plant of genus Piper of family Ericaceae, also called Piper javanicum, Pogostemon majus, and Katsumadai, and its root and leaf are used as medicine; the functional indications are as follows: it is used mainly for treating vomiting and diarrhea due to heatstroke, scabies, toxic branches and leaves, and can be used as pesticide.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), is a plant belonging to Zingiberaceae,Genus gingerThe fresh rhizome of the perennial herb (40-100 cm high). The varieties are as follows: yuliefeng ginger, Shandong Changyi Lijiangjiang, Qingzhou Zhugen ginger, Shannong's first ginger and Qingzhou Xiaohuangjiang; the functional indications are as follows: has effects in relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, warming middle warmer, relieving vomit, warming lung, relieving cough, and removing toxic substance, and can be used for treating wind-cold type common cold, spleen and stomach cold syndrome, stomach cold type emesis, lung cold type cough, and fish and crab toxin.

Pepper, a plant of the genus Piper of the family Piperaceae, also known as Guyue, Heixuan and Baichuan, is a reputable article of "the king of spices", is one of the important spice crops in the world, and is also one of the spice medicines widely used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine. The dried nearly mature or mature fruits of pepper are the collected varieties in the 'Chinese pharmacopoeia' of 2020 edition; the functional indications are as follows: researches on anticancer effect and antioxidant effect show that different processing varieties of pepper fruits and different parts of pepper have better antioxidant effect, and plant-derived antibacterial agents and natural preservatives with antibacterial effect take natural products as research carriers, have higher safety and environmental compatibility, and are widely concerned in recent years. Has antiinflammatory, immunity regulating, blood lipid and blood sugar reducing, and parasite killing effects.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum is dried mature pericarp of Zanthoxylum piperitum Schinifolium sieb, et Zucc or Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim of Rutaceae, and has pungent and warm nature, and spleen, stomach and kidney meridians entered. There are about 250 kinds of pricklyash peel all over the world, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, America and the ocean; the functional indications are as follows: has antitumor, anesthetic, analgesic, antibacterial, parasite killing, blood coagulation preventing, blood lipid reducing, atherosclerosis resisting, digestive tract ulcer resisting, diarrhea resisting, liver protecting, gallbladder function promoting, antioxidant, and lipidosome peroxidation inhibiting effects.

Mountain pepper, about 100 species of plants of the genus Lindera (Lindera) of the family Lauraceae (Lauraceae), distributed in asia, the warm regions of north america; the functional indications are as follows: the lindera root volatile oil has the effects of exciting cardiac muscle, accelerating reflux circulation, boosting pressure and sweating by oral administration, exciting cerebral cortex and promoting respiration by the action of resisting bacteria, viruses and tumors and on the cardiovascular system, and can be used for expanding blood vessels, accelerating blood circulation and relieving compound muscle spasm pain by local application.

Iodine, element iodine No. 53 of the periodic Table of the elements, is one of the halogen elements in group VIIA of the 5-period system of the periodic Table of the chemical elements. Elemental iodine was first discovered in 1811 by French pharmacist Kotwa. The elementary iodine is purple black crystal, is easy to sublimate and is easy to desublimate after sublimation. Toxic and corrosive; the functional indications are as follows: can kill intestinal pathogenic bacteria, pyogenic coccus and pathogenic yeast, and bacteria common in hospital infection.

Essences, also called blending flavors. Is prepared from several or dozens of natural perfumes and synthetic perfumes.

A traditional Chinese medicine pesticide comprises the following components: semen Momordicae, Camphora, Bufonis venenum, fructus Cnidii, Bulbus Allii, cortex pseudolaricis, Alumen, nidus Vespae, Arecae semen, cortex Meliae, fructus quisqualis, Omphalia, herba Agrimoniae bud, Notoginseng radix, semen Torreyae, Piper methysticum, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, fructus Piperis, fructus Zanthoxyli, fructus Piperis, and essence.

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol is 20%.

Preferably, the soaking time is 120 h.

Example 1

A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide comprises the following steps:

step S1: adding the traditional Chinese medicines into a container according to the formula, and adding water with the dosage of 80% of the traditional Chinese medicines for soaking;

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

Preferably, the amount of the alcohol added is 25% of the extract.

Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol is 20%.

Example 2

step S1: adding the traditional Chinese medicines into a container according to the formula of the embodiment 1, and adding water with the same amount of the traditional Chinese medicines for soaking;

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

Preferably, the amount of the alcohol added is 27% of the extract.

Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol is 20%.

Preferably, the soaking time is 120 h.

Example 3

step S1: adding the traditional Chinese medicines into a container according to the formula, and adding water with the dosage of 120 percent of the traditional Chinese medicines for soaking;

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

Preferably, the amount of the alcohol added is 30% of the extract.

Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol is 20%.

Example 4

1. Material preparation

The preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide and the reference solution thereof are shown in figure 1;

traditional Chinese medicine pesticide: the formulations were prepared according to the recipe and preparation method of example 2.

Preparation of a control solution: 86 ml of double distilled water was added to 14 ml of absolute alcohol and mixed.

Two mineral water bottles, wherein small holes are drilled in the bottle body to facilitate the breathing of plant pests.

Plant pests for experiments: the field collection of grassland between a teaching building and an experimental building is shown in fig. 2-3.

2. Procedure of experiment

The experiment was divided into two groups, 10 plant pests were randomly selected for each group, placed in a common mineral water bottle for observation, and the animal activity was recorded as shown in fig. 4-5.

Results of the experiment

The death of all the pests in 10 Chinese medicinal herbs within 3 minutes after the spray administration is shown in figure 7;

the solvent control group 10 pests showed no significant difference in activity within one hour after spray administration from that before administration as shown in fig. 6.

Test example 1 skin irritation test of agricultural chemical of Chinese medicine

The test animals were: rabbit

And (3) experimental design: depilatory treatments (clipping, shaving) were applied to the dosing area (usually on the back) 24 hours prior to the trial using the in-vivo left and right self-contrast method. The hair removal range is 3cm × 3cm on the left and right. Before administration, whether the unhaired skin is damaged due to unhairing should be checked, and the damaged skin should not be tested; for the stimulation of the damaged skin, the site of application was ground with sandpaper or scored into a "well" shape to measure the degree of bleeding. Four left sites were removed from the back of each rabbit, with saline and solvent controls on the left and EMP experimental groups on the right.

The administration method comprises the following steps: 0.5ml of the test substance was applied directly to the dehaired skin on one side, covered with two layers of gauze (2.5 cm. times.2.5 cm) and a layer of cellophane, and fixed with a non-irritating adhesive plaster and bandage. The application time is at least 4 hours. After application, the test substance is removed and the application site is cleaned with warm water or a non-irritating solvent.

And (4) evaluating the results: the skin reactions were observed under natural light or full spectrum light. Skin erythema and edema were scored according to the scoring criteria given in table 1. The presence of erythema and edema at the application site was visually observed and recorded at 30-60 minutes, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the removal of the drug. If there is a persistent injury, it is necessary to extend the observation period to assess the recovery and time of the above-mentioned changes. But the extension period is generally not more than 14 days. For animals with moderate or greater skin irritation histopathological examination of the topical application should be performed at the end of the observation period. The mean scores of the skin response scores for each group of subjects and vehicle were calculated at each observation time point and evaluated for stimulation intensity as per table 2.

TABLE 1 skin irritation response Scoring criteria

Stimulation response	Score value
		Erythema
No erythema	0
		Slight erythema (barely visible)	1
Moderate erythema (obvious visibility)	2
		Severe erythema	3
Reddish-purple erythema to mild eschar formation	4
		Edema (edema)
Without edema	0
		Mild edema (barely visible)	1
Moderate edema (distinct swelling)	2
		Severe edema (skin bulge 1mm, clear outline)	3
Severe edema (skin doming over 1mm with dilation)	4
		Highest total score	8

TABLE 2 evaluation criteria for skin irritation intensity

Score value	Evaluation of
		0-0.49	Has no irritation
0.5-2.99	Mild irritation
		3.0-5.99	Moderate irritation
6.0-8.0	Strong irritation

And (3) test results: as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, no erythema and edema were observed in each of the intact skin and the scratched skin, and the skin irritation response was evaluated as 0.

And (4) test conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide has no skin irritation.

Test example 2 sensitization test of pesticide to Chinese medicine

The test animals were: guinea pig

Grouping tests: four groups of 6 guinea pigs were set up. Blank group: physiological saline; positive control: 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (1% sensitization concentration and 0.1% excitation concentration); solvent comparison: 50% alcohol; experiment group: EMP stock solution.

Dose range and exposure time: in the sensitizing contact stage of the test substance, the retention time on the skin is sufficiently ensured (6)Hour) and range of skin contact (at 3X 3 cm)²)。

Sensitization: topical administration was performed in the same manner on days 0, 7 and 14. And (3) applying the test substance to the depilation region again in the contact stimulating stage 14 days after the test substance is sensitized for the last time, observing the skin anaphylactic reaction condition within 72 hours after about 6 hours, and grading according to the skin anaphylactic reaction grading standard.

And (4) evaluating the results: the mean scores of each group at each time are recorded in Table 3, and the animals should be closely observed for severe systemic anaphylaxis such as asthma, unstable stance or shock. The nature of the allergic reaction of the skin of the test animal and the control animal is judged according to the difference of the skin reaction of the test animal and the control animal, and the sensitization incidence is calculated according to the table 4, namely the number of the animals with skin erythema, edema or systemic anaphylaxis (no matter the degree is light or heavy) is divided by the total number of the test animals.

TABLE 3 scoring criteria for skin allergy severity

TABLE 4 evaluation criteria for skin sensitization

And (3) test results: severe systemic anaphylactic reactions such as asthma, unstable standing or shock and the like do not occur in each group; no erythema and erythema are generated in the normal saline control group, the solvent control group and the traditional Chinese medicine group, the score is 0, while the positive control group has obvious erythema, edema and allergy symptoms, and the sensitization rate is 100 percent.

And (4) test conclusion: as shown in figure 10, the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide does not cause skin contact allergy.

Test example 3 eye irritation test of pesticide of traditional Chinese medicine

The test animals were: rabbit

Grouping tests: the eyes of three rabbits per group were examined within 24 hours before the test by the same-body left-right eye self-contrast method, and animals with eye irritation symptoms, corneal defects, and conjunctival lesions were not used for the test.

The administration method comprises the following steps: 0.05-0.1 ml of the test substance is dropped into each eye, and then the eyelids are gently closed for about 10 seconds. There is generally no need to rinse the eye.

And (4) evaluating the results: the skin reactions were observed under natural light or full spectrum light. The single-dose eye irritation test was performed by examining the eyes at 1, 2, 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the administration, and the test was terminated if any symptoms of irritation were not observed at 72 hours. If there is a persistent lesion, it is necessary to extend the observation period, but generally not more than 21 days. The stimulus response scores for each observation time, cornea, iris and conjunctiva of each animal were summed to give a total score, and the total of the group of scores was divided by the number of animals to give the final score according to the requirements of Table 5. The degree of irritation was judged according to Table 6.

TABLE 5 Ocular irritation response score Standard-1

TABLE 6 evaluation criteria for eye irritation-1

Score value	Evaluation of
		0～3	Has no irritation
4～8	Mild irritation
		9-12	Of moderate degreeIrritation property
13～16	Severe irritation

And (3) test results: after 24h of contamination, no eye irritation reaction appears in the normal saline group, the conjunctiva congestion of the solvent control group and the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is bright red, the average value of the eye irritation score of the solvent control group is 0.33, and the average value of the eye irritation score of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is 0.66.

And (4) test conclusion: as shown in FIGS. 11-12, the average value of the Chinese medicinal pesticide is less than 3, and the Chinese medicinal pesticide has no irritation according to the eye irritation score standard.

Test example 4 acute oral toxicity test of pesticide of traditional Chinese medicine

The test animals were: adult KM mice 8 (18g-22g, male and female halves)

The test method comprises the following steps: after the animals are purchased, the animals are adapted to the environment for 3 to 5 days, the animals are half male and female, the animals should have an empty stomach (generally fasting is about 16 hours, drinking water is not limited), the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide (8) with the maximum using concentration and the maximum stomach filling capacity is applied, and the animals are continuously observed for 7 to 14 days.

The administration method comprises the following steps: and (5) performing oral gavage.

And (4) evaluating the results: after gavage, mice were observed for signs of symptoms and the number of deaths per group was recorded and toxicity was graded as per the following table.

TABLE 7 grading Standard for oral acute toxicity of Compounds

As a result: the gait of the test animal group is unstable, no other obvious abnormal symptoms exist, and the animals do not die after continuous observation for 14 days.

And (4) conclusion: the Chinese medicinal pesticide can be judged to be nontoxic according to the well mouth acute toxicity classification standard.

Test example 5 subacute transdermal toxicity test of Chinese medicinal pesticide

The purpose of the test is as follows: in order to obtain the health hazard caused by repeated percutaneous contamination of a test sample in a certain period, the accumulation effect of chemicals on animals and target organs thereof are determined, and NOAEL and LOAEL thereof are determined, thereby providing a basis for the dosage design of a sub-chronic toxicity or carcinogenic test.

The test animals were: SD rat (200 g-300 g, male and female halves)

Grouping tests: there were 3 groups of 10 animals each, male and female halves. Blank group: physiological saline; solvent control group: 17% alcohol; experimental groups: a stock solution of Chinese medicinal pesticide.

The test steps are as follows: healthy animals are selected for adaptation to at least 3d in the test environment. 24h before infection, the fur of the infected area on the back of the trunk of the animal is removed, and care should be taken not to damage the skin of the animal during unhairing so as not to cause change of skin permeability. After that, the infected part is unhaired approximately every week according to the growth condition of the animal hair, and the unhairing time and the unhairing area of each group should be the same. The test sample should be applied uniformly as thin as possible over the entire infected area, the area of the infected site corresponding to about 10% of the surface area of the animal body, and the area of the infected site should be determined by measuring the animal body weight. The test sample is fixed by using cellophane and a non-irritant adhesive tape so as to ensure that the test sample has good contact with the skin and prevent the test sample from falling off. Necessary measures should be taken to prevent the animal from licking the test sample, for example, when the animal is fixed, the animal should loose to a certain extent. The infection lasts for 6h every day, and the cleaning is carried out after the infection, and the infection lasts for 7d every week and lasts for 28 d.

And (3) clinical observation: the observation period is typically 28 days, once per day, and the time, extent and duration of changes in skin, hair, eyes, mucous membranes, and changes in respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system, limb activity, behavioral patterns, etc. are observed and recorded. After the contamination is finished, blood is anaesthetized and taken, blood routine and blood biochemical detection is carried out, and liver, spleen, kidney, brain and testis (ovary) are collected for pathological section.

And (3) test results:

1. measurement results of serum sex hormone

The results show that compared with the control group, the level difference of the estradiol and the progesterone in the solvent control group and the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide group has no statistical significance.

TABLE 8 determination of subacute percutaneous estradiol and progesterone content in Chinese medicinal pesticide

2. Detection result of common biochemical indexes of serum

As shown in tables 9-12, the common biochemical results of serum showed that the differences in total protein, albumin, globulin levels were statistically significant compared to the control group, but still within the normal reference range.

TABLE 9 subacute percutaneous common biochemical indexes (female) of Chinese medicinal pesticide

Note: denotes P < 0.05

TABLE 10 subacute percutaneous common biochemical indicators (male) of Chinese medicinal pesticide

Note: denotes P < 0.05

TABLE 11 subacute percutaneous blood general indexes of Chinese medicinal pesticide (female)

TABLE 12 subacute percutaneous blood general indexes (male) of Chinese medicinal pesticide

3. Histopathology

And (4) evaluating the result: after the administration, the rats were examined by dissection and were visually observed to have no abnormalities or suspicious lesions compared with the control group.

And (3) pathological section results show that histopathological section examination is carried out on the liver, spleen, kidney, testis (male parent) and ovary (female parent) tissues of the rat, and no abnormal histopathological change is found in the results.

And (4) conclusion: as shown in figures 13-17, the continuous administration of the Chinese medicinal pesticide for 28 days has no adverse effect on the conventional blood and biochemical indexes and viscera of rats, and indicates that the dosage of the Chinese medicinal pesticide has no obvious subchronic toxic effect.

6. Subacute oral toxicity test of traditional Chinese medicine pesticide

The purpose of the test is as follows: detecting test animal by multiple contact of Chinese medicinal pesticide

The test animals were: SD rat (200 g-300 g, male and female halves)

The test steps are as follows: the method comprises orally administering via intragastric administration, intragastric administration once a day, adjusting the administration amount of Chinese medicinal pesticide according to body weight, killing experimental animals 24h after the last administration for 28 days, and detecting each observation index.

And (3) clinical observation: the observation period is typically 28 days, once per day, and the time, extent and duration of changes in the skin, hair, eyes, mucous membranes, and changes in the respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system, limb activity, behavioral patterns, etc. are observed and recorded. After the contamination is finished, blood is anaesthetized and taken, blood routine and blood biochemical detection is carried out, and liver, spleen, kidney, brain and testis (ovary) are collected for pathological section.

Test results and conclusions:

1. measurement results of serum sex hormone

The results show that compared with the control group, the level difference of the estradiol and the progesterone in the solvent control group and the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide group has no statistical significance. The traditional Chinese medicine pesticide has influence on the ovarian functional hormone secretion of female rats.

TABLE 13 determination of subacute oral estradiol and progesterone content of Chinese medicinal pesticide

2. Blood routine measurement results

The difference is statistically significant, but still within the normal reference value.

TABLE 14 sub-acute percutaneous blood general index of Chinese medicinal pesticide

Note: denotes P < 0.05

3. Detection result of common biochemical indexes of serum

Common biochemical results of serum show that the difference between total protein and globulin levels is statistically significant compared to the control group, but still within the normal reference value range.

TABLE 15 subacute oral common biochemical indicators (female) of Chinese medicinal pesticide

TABLE 16 subacute oral common biochemical indicators (male) of Chinese medicinal pesticide

Note: denotes P < 0.05

TABLE 17 subacute oral hematology of Chinese herbal pesticide (female)

TABLE 18 subacute oral hematology of Chinese herbal pesticide

Histopathological observation

And (4) evaluating the result: after the administration, the rats were examined by dissection and no abnormalities or suspicious lesions were detected by visual observation compared with the control group.

And (4) conclusion: as shown in figures 18-22, the continuous administration of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for 28 days has no adverse effect on the ingestion, blood routine, blood biochemical indexes and viscera of rats, and shows that the dosage of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide has no obvious sub-chronic toxic effect.

Test example of the poisoning effect of traditional Chinese medicine pesticide on vegetable pests.

Firstly, soaking fresh plant leaves in liquid medicine diluted into different concentration gradients for 5 seconds, and naturally airing to obtain the feed treated by the traditional Chinese medicine pesticides with different concentrations. Then, the test insects were immersed in the chemical solutions of different concentrations for 5 seconds, and the residual chemical solution on the surface of the test insects was absorbed by the absorbent paper. Finally, the test larvae and the feed processed by the liquid medicine with the same concentration are placed in the same culture dish, each culture dish is connected with 10 larvae, and the larvae processed by the non-liquid medicine are used as a control group. Each experiment was repeated 3 times, and the number of dead larvae was checked at 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively, and the larval mortality was calculated according to the following formula.

Bollworm

And (4) conclusion: the stock solution of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide has a certain poisoning effect on cotton bollworms, and the death rate is 55 percent.

Prodenia litura

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample stock solution has a certain poisoning effect on prodenia litura, and the death rate is 85%.

Beet armyworm

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample stock solution has a certain poisoning effect on beet armyworms, and the death rate is 95%.

Test example of antifeedant action of traditional Chinese medicine pesticide on agricultural pests.

The method comprises the steps of beating fresh vegetable leaves into leaf disks of 4cm multiplied by 4cm by a puncher, diluting extracts into a certain concentration, coating the extracts on the front and back surfaces of the leaf disks by using a writing brush, naturally airing, placing two pieces of treated and control leaf disks in culture dishes of 9cm in a diagonal crossing mode, connecting 10 agricultural pest larvae between the treated and control leaf disks in each dish, checking the habitat condition of the agricultural pests after 24 hours, and calculating the inhabitation percentage and the antifeedant effect of the treated and control agricultural pests.

Bollworm

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has a certain antifeedant effect on the cotton bollworms.

Prodenia litura

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has a certain antifeedant effect on prodenia litura.

Beet armyworm

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has a certain food refusal effect on beet armyworm.

The effect of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide on the growth and development of agricultural pests.

Soaking fresh vegetable leaves in a liquid medicine diluted to a certain concentration for 5 seconds, naturally airing, respectively connecting 6 agricultural pests with the same age to each culture dish, changing the fresh vegetable leaves every day, and weighing after 3 days.

Bollworm

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has the effect of influencing the growth and development of the cotton bollworm.

Prodenia litura

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has the effect of influencing the growth and development of prodenia litura.

Beet armyworm

And (4) conclusion: the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide sample has no effect on the growth and development of beet armyworm.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is characterized in that the formula comprises: semen Momordicae, Camphora, Bufonis venenum, fructus Cnidii, Bulbus Allii, cortex pseudolaricis, Alumen, nidus Vespae, Arecae semen, cortex Meliae, fructus quisqualis, Omphalia, herba Agrimoniae bud, Notoginseng radix, semen Torreyae, Piper methysticum, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, fructus Piperis, fructus Zanthoxyli, fructus Piperis, and essence.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of semen momordicae, 20 parts of camphor, 20 parts of venenum bufonis, 20 parts of fructus cnidii, 20 parts of garlic, 20 parts of golden larch bark, 20 parts of alum, 20 parts of honeycomb, 20 parts of betel nut, 20 parts of cortex meliae, 20 parts of quisqualis, 20 parts of stone-like omphalia, 20 parts of hairyvein agrimony bud, 20 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 20 parts of Chinese torreya seed, 20 parts of drumstick tree, 20 parts of ginger, 20 parts of pepper, 20 parts of wild pepper, 20 parts of mountain pepper and 20 parts of essence.

3. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S3: mixing alcohol and extractive solution;

4. The method for preparing a pesticide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the amount of said alcohol added is 25% -30% of the extract.

5. The method for preparing a pesticide as set forth in claim 4, wherein the concentration of said alcohol is 20%.

6. The method for preparing a pesticide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the soaking time is 120 h.