CN112602629A - Device and method for breeding drone colony - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for breeding male bees to fix the group, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a group fixing device, wherein the group fixing device comprises a refreshing flying cage, one end of the refreshing flying cage is connected with a cover body, a drone one-way inlet which enters the cover body from the refreshing flying cage is arranged between the cover body and the refreshing flying cage, the other end of the refreshing flying cage is provided with a worker bee separation channel, the other port of the worker bee separation channel is communicated with a nest outlet at the bottom of a beehive, and a worker bee nest outlet is arranged on the worker bee separation channel; the section of the cool fly cage is triangular, and an illuminating lamp is arranged at the top of the cool fly cage. The device and the method can improve the survival rate of the male bees and the success rate of artificial insemination.

Description

Device and method for breeding drone colony

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and a method for breeding male bees for fixed group breeding.

Background

The male bees have important significance in the bee colony, the main function of the male bees is specialized breeding, the breeding of the male bees is important in the breeding process, and half of the characteristics of the genetic genes of the offspring come from the male bees.

In a natural bee colony, male bees are seasonal insects, male hives are generated in the bee colony in the breeding season, the queen bee produces male bee eggs in the bee colony, the male bees emerge 24 days later (23 days later than the middle bees), the newly emerged male bees are similar to the worker bees and are tender, the body hair is grey white, and the body hair gradually becomes brown with the passage of time. The daily activities of the first 3 days old drone in the bee nest are mainly eating bee food, playing a role in regulating the temperature in a small part of the bee nest and mainly generating heat, and the drone is mainly concentrated in the central honeycomb of the bee colony. The male bees of 4-10 days old gradually transfer to the edge of the bee colony and are mostly seen on the marginal spleen, at the moment, the male bees transmit male bee pheromones to the bee colony to stimulate worker bees to build a queen bee platform, so that the bee colony is promoted to cultivate queen bees, and the bones and wings of the male bees are hardened in the time period, so that the nest recognizing flight is carried out. Male bees about 15 days old reach sexual maturity and then cross over when going out. Once the queen bee is handed over, life is terminated. When the honey powder source is sufficient in the outside, such as late spring and early summer, the drone without copulation has the service life of 3-4 months, but when the external conditions are severe, such as late autumn and cold winter, the drone is often driven by worker bees and exists in the spleen, the bottom of the case or outside the case, and is finally starved because the body does not have the characteristics of collection and defense.

However, when the male bees in the bee colony reach the test flight day age, the male bees must go out for test flight, particularly, the male bees want to go out to hand over after sexual maturity, and if the male bees are independently closed in the hive by the nest door stopper, the male bees are all crowded to death at the nest door stopper for too long time. See the description attached to fig. 2 and 3.

In nature, a large number of sexually mature males fly in a spiral way above a bee field from 10 am to 4 pm every day to form a 'male bee cloud', so that the males wait for queen bees to come out of a nest and to copulate, and the males who are not copulated with the queen bees return to any bee colony of the same kind at will. Therefore, the drone in nature has no colony, and the drone can not be selected in a fixed colony, which causes difficulty in the directional breeding of the bee colony in the breeding work.

Therefore, in China, bee breeding workers also design a plurality of male bee breeding and capturing methods, but in the actual production process, the sources and the ages of the male bees can not be accurately controlled; or most of the excrements of the drone captured in the box are not emptied, and the excrements can be extruded to different degrees to pollute semen in the subsequent forced ejaculation process, so that the artificial insemination fails; or the immature drone is easy to catch, which causes waste; or the hive is opened to seriously interfere the swarm, so that the swarm attacks, idles or flies away and the like are caused; or after the nest door drone separator is used, mature drone flies smoothly and is handed over to the tail but cannot go out, and the drone is blocked at the nest door to die and cause emotional disorder of worker bees; or the trapping outside the box takes labor and effort, and other male bees which are easy to mistakenly grab and have no colony boundary cause breeding failure.

Aiming at the defects, through years of production practice of the inventor, a device and a method for breeding the male bees by fixed group are developed, and the device can realize the breeding of the male bees by fixed group and fixed age.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a device capable of cultivating male bees for breeding in fixed groups and fixed ages.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured such that: the utility model provides a device that breeding was decided to crowd with drone which characterized in that: the device comprises a group fixing device, wherein the group fixing device comprises a refreshing flying cage, one end of the refreshing flying cage is connected with a cover body, a drone one-way inlet which enters the cover body from the refreshing flying cage is arranged between the cover body and the refreshing flying cage, the other end of the refreshing flying cage is provided with a worker bee separation channel, the other port of the worker bee separation channel is communicated with a nest outlet at the bottom of a beehive, and a worker bee nest outlet is arranged on the worker bee separation channel; the section of the cool fly cage is triangular, and an illuminating lamp is arranged at the top of the cool fly cage. By adopting the device, the male bees for breeding can be cultured in a fixed group, and the male bees for breeding can move, excrete, fly and the like in the fly cage during the culture period, so that the survival rate of the male bees and the success rate of subsequent artificial insemination are ensured.

In order to further facilitate control, a controllable one-way door is arranged at the one-way entrance of the drone of the comfortable flying cage.

For further convenient control, worker bee separation channel's another port department is provided with the one-way entry of worker bee, the one-way entry of worker bee is provided with controllable one-way door.

For the activity of further being convenient for control drone, the cool cage that flies has bottom plate and cage wall, the bottom plate with the cage wall has the shading performance.

In order to further guarantee the activity of worker's bee, the cage wall top of the cage is flown smoothly and is set up the light, the top part of cage wall still is provided with worker's bee escape exit.

In order to further avoid the drone to gather on the cool fly cage bottom plate, the cool fly cage bottom plate orientation one side of lid is the triangle that the width reduces gradually.

The method for breeding the male bees to breed the male bees in a fixed group comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a male bee colony for breeding 40 days before selecting the male bees, and selecting the bee colony with rich honey powder sources; if no honey powder source exists outside, honey and pollen are needed to be fed until the drone adopts semen; the group potential needs to be supplemented to be close to the maximum group potential;

step two: adding a male honeycomb into a beehive, and limiting a queen bee to lay eggs on the male honeycomb for 24 hours by using a frame-type queen bee separator;

step three: adding male combs, cutting off all the male combs in the hive 20 days later, installing a hive entrance blocking piece at a hive entrance, shaking the whole group of bees at the hive entrance, finding a queen bee to remain in the hive, and separating all the male bees in the hive;

step four: periodically cutting all naturally-produced drone spleens in the nest except the added drone spleens every 20 days;

step five: after the drone is incubated for 24 days, the group fixing device is arranged on a beehive, and the drone for breeding is extracted according to the required age of the day;

step six: when the drone arrives at the test flying day age after exiting the house, the drone comes out from a nest door at the bottom of the box body and enters a refreshing flying cage through a worker bee separation channel by utilizing upward habit; the drone flies in the refreshing flying cage by utilizing the lighting equipment, gathers on the bottom plate of the refreshing flying cage after flying, is attracted by the odor in the honeycomb on the top layer of the box, returns to the honeycomb from the one-way entrance of the drone, and returns to the honeycomb from the worker bee separation channel and the honeycomb outlet;

step seven: when the drone is needed to be used, the controllable one-way door at the top of the shelter box and the worker bee separation channel are closed after the illuminating lamp is turned on for two hours, and the drone in the flying cage can be used for semen collection.

Has the advantages that:

the invention relates to a device and a method for breeding a male bee colony. First, male broods for breeding can be bred in the same beehive at a fixed group and a fixed age on day.

Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the situation that immature male bees are caught during mating to cause waste is avoided; the actions of swarm attack, idling or flight escape and the like caused by serious interference to the swarm during unpacking are avoided; the situation that mature male bees fly out smoothly and cannot escape after mating is avoided, and the male bees are blocked at the nest door to die and cause emotional confusion of worker bees; the problem of outside the case manual catch take a lot of work, hard, easily mistakenly grab other male bees that do not have a crowd of borders and cause the breeding failure is solved.

Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the design of the fixed group device can ensure that the drone carries out necessary activities during the breeding period, such as flying activities, excretion and the like in the flying cage. Can also ensure the normal entrance and exit of worker bees.

Fourthly: the survival rate of the male bees is improved, and the success rate of the subsequent artificial insemination is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view (in cross section) of a device for rearing a parent bee in an example;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the device for rearing a parent bee in an embodiment;

figure 3 crowds to dead males at the hive entrance barrier.

Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a box body 1, a cover body 2, a flying cage 3, a bottom plate 31, a cage wall 32, a lighting lamp 33, a worker bee separation channel 4, a worker bee nest outlet 5, a worker bee nest outlet 6, a worker bee unidirectional inlet 7, a controllable unidirectional door 8, a drone unidirectional inlet 9 and a controllable unidirectional door 10.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments will still fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.

Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present example provides an apparatus capable of culturing male bees for breeding in fixed-population and fixed-age days. Including deciding the crowd device, decide the crowd device and install and use on the beehive, the beehive can adopt present general standard beehive, the beehive includes box and case lid, be the honeycomb in the box. The bottom of the box body is provided with a nest outlet, and the number of the nest outlets can be one or two. The cover can be detachably covered on the beehive.

Decide crowd's device and fly the cage including comfortable, comfortable cage one end that flies is connected with the lid, lid and comfortable fly to be provided with between the cage by comfortable the cage get into the one-way entry of drone of lid, the other end that flies the cage of comfortable is provided with worker bee isolating channel, another port of worker bee isolating channel communicates with each other with the play nest mouth of beehive bottom, be provided with worker bee on the worker bee isolating channel and go out the nest mouth. One or two worker bee separation channels can be arranged, and the number of the worker bee separation channels is determined according to the number of the nest outlet openings at the bottom of the beehive. The cover body is equivalent to the cover body of the beehive in size, and can cover the beehive instead of the cover body of the beehive. And the one-way entrance of the drone of the cool flying cage is provided with a controllable one-way door, so that the drone is limited to enter the honeycomb limited by the cover body and the beehive only through the cool flying cage. Another port department of worker's bee separation channel also is provided with the one-way entry of worker's bee, the one-way entry of worker's bee is provided with controllable one-way door, also restricts worker's bee equally and can only enter into worker's bee separation channel and then enter into in the honeycomb by the outside.

The cool flying cage is provided with a bottom plate and a cage wall, and an illuminating lamp is arranged on the cage wall. The sections of the cage wall and the bottom plate of the refreshing flying cage can be triangular, quadrangular, rectangular, polygonal and the like. And the bottom of one side of the comfortable flying cage far away from the beehive is provided with the worker bee separation channel, and the worker bee separation channel is downwards connected with the box body and communicated with the beehive. That is to say, the cross section of the bottom plate of the fly cage, the worker bee separation channel and the wall of the beehive box is triangular.

In this embodiment, the cross sections of the cage wall and the bottom surface of the cool flying cage are triangular, and the illuminating lamp is arranged at the top. As another implementation manner in this embodiment, the width of the bottom plate gradually decreases toward the one-way entrance of the drone. Specifically, the bottom plate can be set to be a rectangular plate, one corner of the rectangular plate is connected with one edge of the cover body, and the male bee single entry is arranged at the joint of the corner and the edge. Through the bottom plate orientation of the cool cage that flies one side of lid is the triangle form that the width reduces gradually, so be favorable to the drone to return the nest, can avoid the drone to gather the mass on the bottom plate. In addition, the one-way entrance of drone can set up one or more, and the bottom plate of the one-way entrance of every drone all sets up to the triangle-shaped of binding off.

In addition, the bottom plate and the cage wall in this embodiment have light shielding performance, for example, the bottom plate may be made of a solid plate which is not transparent to light, the cage wall is made of a breathable gauze, and the gauze is covered with black cloth.

As another embodiment of this embodiment, the top portion of the cage wall is also provided with worker bee escape outlets. Through worker bee escape exit, can let the worker bee that flies into the cool cage of flying smoothly fly to the external environment.

And, the one-way entrance of drone and the one-way entrance of worker bee all is provided with controllable one-way door. The opening and closing of the drone unidirectional inlet and the worker bee unidirectional inlet are controlled through the controllable unidirectional door.

The controllable one-way door is of an existing structure, or an elastic sheet capable of being opened towards one side can be used as the controllable one-way door in the embodiment.

The device that kind of with drone surely crowd breeds of this embodiment can be used to surely crowd and breed the drone, and the drone is from eclosion back, and the worker bee separation channel that the accessible nest door department set up gets into in the cool cage of flying to fly and excrete in the cool cage of flying. Then the male bees fall on the floor of the comfortable flying cage for rest, and then enter the honeycomb through the male bee one-way inlet arranged on the box cover, and part of the male bees return to the honeycomb through the worker bee separation channel and the honeycomb outlet at the lower part of the beehive. Therefore, normal activity of the male bees can be guaranteed, and the male bees can be prevented from being mixed with other groups of male bees or flying into other bee nests. The worker bees in the honeycomb fly to the outside of the honeycomb through worker bee exit openings arranged on the worker bee separation channels, and then return to the honeycomb through the worker bee unidirectional inlet and the worker bee exit openings. Because the number of the drone is larger than that of the worker bee, the drone cannot fly out of the worker bee exit. Through such mode, can guarantee not only that worker's bee normally comes in and goes out, can guarantee again that the drone has certain activity space.

When the male bees for breeding are required to be carried, the male bees can be gathered into the comfortable flying cage through the illuminating lamp, and the colony fixing device is detached from the beehive. Avoid mixing with other groups and males at other ages of day. Not only improves the survival rate of the drone, but also improves the success rate of artificial insemination.

The embodiment also provides a method for culturing male bees for breeding in fixed-group and fixed-age days, which comprises the following steps:

the method for breeding the male bees to breed the male bees in a fixed group comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a male bee colony for breeding 40 days before selecting the male bees, and selecting the bee colony with rich honey powder sources; if no honey powder source exists outside, honey and pollen are needed to be fed until the drone adopts semen; the group potential needs to be supplemented to be close to the maximum group potential;

step two: adding a male honeycomb into a beehive, and limiting a queen bee to lay eggs on the male honeycomb for 24 hours by using a frame-type queen bee separator;

then, the added male honeycombs and the queen bees can be blocked by the frame-type queen bee separator, so that the queen bees are prevented from spawning on the added male honeycombs at the back.

Step three: adding male honeycombs (for spawning) for 20 days, cutting off all the male honeycombs in the nest, installing a nest door blocking spacer at the nest door, shaking off the whole group of bees at the nest door, finding a queen bee and remaining in the bee colony, and separating all the male bees in the box;

the nest door separation piece is used for allowing worker bees to freely pass in and out, but not allowing male bees to pass in and out, and a grid piece can be adopted, wherein the mesh size on the grid piece can allow the worker bees to pass through but the male bees to not pass through. The effect of this step is that clear away the drone originally in the honeycomb, avoid producing with the male bee that will breed afterwards and mix, lead to unable judgement male bee's day age. Meanwhile, all male combs in the honeycomb are cut off, so that the male combs generated before and after artificial breeding can be cut off, and the male combs are prevented from being mixed with the artificially bred male bees, so that the accurate day age of the male bees cannot be determined.

Step four: periodically cutting all naturally-produced drone spleens in the nest except the added drone spleens every 20 days;

in the fourth step, if the queen bee separator is adopted to separate the manually added male honeycomb, the queen bee in the queen bee separator should be caught on the worker honeycomb to lay eggs after the queen bee lays eggs on the male honeycomb for 24 hours. And the naturally occurring male spleens, except for the artificially added male spleens, need to be periodically removed after every 20 days. Because the spawning date of natural male spleens may not be consistent with the spawning date of artificially added male spleens, the final day age is inconsistent. In order to avoid this, the day age of the drone is accurately controlled, and therefore, the naturally occurring male spleens need to be periodically cut off.

Step five: after the drone is hatched for 24 days, the group fixing device in the embodiment is arranged on a beehive, and the drone for the breeding is extracted according to the required age of the day;

since the emergence time of the male bee eggs is 24 days and the emergence time of the apis cerana is 23 days, the drone can be conveniently moved by installing the swarm fixing device on the beehive when the drone emerges.

Step six: when the drone arrives at the test flying day age after exiting the house, the drone comes out from a nest door at the bottom of the box body and enters a refreshing flying cage through a worker bee separation channel by utilizing upward habit; the drone flies in the refreshing flying cage by utilizing the lighting equipment, gathers on the bottom plate of the refreshing flying cage after flying, is attracted by the odor in the honeycomb on the top layer of the box, returns to the honeycomb from the drone one-way inlet, and returns to the honeycomb from the worker bee separation channel and the honeycomb outlet;

step seven: when the drone is needed to be used, the controllable one-way door at the top of the shelter box and the worker bee separation channel are closed after the illuminating lamp is turned on for two hours, and the drone in the flying cage can be used for semen collection.

The method for breeding the male bees in the present example was used. First, male broods for breeding can be bred in the same beehive at a fixed group and a fixed age on day. Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the situation that immature male bees are caught during mating to cause waste is avoided; the actions of swarm attack, idling or flight escape and the like caused by serious interference to swarm during unpacking are avoided; the situation that mature male bees fly out smoothly and cannot escape after mating is avoided, and the male bees are blocked at the nest door to die and cause emotional confusion of worker bees; the problem of outside the case manual catch take a lot of work, hard, easily mistakenly grab other male bees that do not have a crowd of borders and cause the breeding failure is solved. Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the survival rate of the male bees is improved, and the success rate of the subsequent artificial insemination is improved.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a device that breeding was decided to crowd with drone which characterized in that: the device comprises a group fixing device, wherein the group fixing device comprises a refreshing flying cage, one end of the refreshing flying cage is connected with a cover body, a drone one-way inlet which enters the cover body from the refreshing flying cage is arranged between the cover body and the refreshing flying cage, the other end of the refreshing flying cage is provided with a worker bee separation channel, the other port of the worker bee separation channel is communicated with a nest outlet at the bottom of a beehive, and a worker bee nest outlet is arranged on the worker bee separation channel; the section of the cool fly cage is triangular, and an illuminating lamp is arranged at the top of the cool fly cage.

2. The drone swarm breeding device of claim 1, wherein: a controllable one-way door is arranged at the one-way entrance of the drone of the comfortable flying cage.

3. A drone swarm breeding device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: worker bee separation channel's another port department is provided with worker bee one-way entry, worker bee one-way entry is provided with controllable one-way door.

4. The drone swarm breeding device of claim 3, wherein: the cool flying cage is provided with a bottom plate and a cage wall, and the bottom plate and the cage wall have shading performance.

5. The drone swarm breeding device of claim 4, wherein: the top of the cage wall of the flying cage is provided with the illuminating lamp, and the top part of the cage wall is also provided with an worker bee escape outlet.

6. A drone swarm breeding device as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein: one side of the bottom plate of the fly cage, which faces the cover body, is triangular, and the width of the bottom plate of the fly cage is gradually reduced.

7. A method for breeding male bees for colony culture by using the device for colony culture of male bees of any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a male bee colony for breeding 40 days before selecting the male bees, and selecting the bee colony with rich honey powder sources; if no honey powder source exists outside, honey and pollen are needed to be fed until the drone adopts semen; the group potential needs to be supplemented to be close to the maximum group potential;

step two: adding a male honeycomb into a beehive, and limiting a queen bee to lay eggs on the male honeycomb for 24 hours by using a frame-type queen bee separator;

step three: adding male combs, cutting off all the male combs in the hive 20 days later, installing a hive entrance blocking piece at a hive entrance, shaking the whole group of bees at the hive entrance, finding a queen bee to remain in the hive, and separating all the male bees in the hive;

step four: periodically cutting all naturally-produced drone spleens in the nest except the added drone spleens every 20 days;

step five: after the drone is hatched for 24 days, the swarm-fixing device of any one of claims 1-6 is installed on a beehive, and the drone is used for breeding according to the required age of the day;

step six: when the drone arrives at the test flying day age after exiting the house, the drone comes out from a nest door at the bottom of the box body and enters a refreshing flying cage through a worker bee separation channel by utilizing upward habit; the drone flies in the refreshing flying cage by utilizing the lighting equipment, gathers on the bottom plate of the refreshing flying cage after flying, is attracted by the odor in the honeycomb on the top layer of the box, returns to the honeycomb from the one-way entrance of the drone, and returns to the honeycomb from the worker bee separation channel and the honeycomb outlet;

step seven: when the drone is needed to be used, the controllable one-way door at the top of the shelter box and the worker bee separation channel are closed after the illuminating lamp is turned on for two hours, and the drone in the flying cage can be used for semen collection.

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