CN112381335B - Regional comprehensive energy system operation optimization method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regional comprehensive energy system operation optimization method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game; and solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm according to the operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solving result, so that the operation optimization control of each device is facilitated. Meanwhile, the introduction of the energy consumption preference cost quantifies the energy consumption comfort level, so that the defect that the energy consumption characteristic of a user cannot be truly reflected by single interruptible load compensation is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of regional comprehensive energy scheduling, and particularly relates to a regional comprehensive energy system operation optimization method and device.
Background
In recent years, global fossil energy is exhausted, the ecological environment is continuously worsened, and human beings are facing dual pressures such as environmental pollution and resource shortage. The traditional single energy system has the defects of low comprehensive utilization rate of energy, serious pollution and the like, and can not meet the development needs of the modern society. The comprehensive energy system can comprehensively integrate multiple energy sources, coordinate and schedule, fully exert the energy supply advantages of different energy sources and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the energy sources. The regional comprehensive energy system (District Integrated Energy System, DIES) is based on a regional typical scene, the service has more pertinence and specificity, the property attribution is relatively uniform, the fund and resource advantages of different main bodies can be reasonably collected, and the benefits of the main bodies of all parties can be coordinated. But different subject decision management and production management plans are not identical. Therefore, how to formulate a full-system operation optimization scheduling strategy while fully considering the interests of the main bodies of all parties is a current challenge to be solved.
At present, research on comprehensive energy sources mainly aims at complementary operation scheduling of an electric, gas and thermal multi-energy coupling system, flexibility improvement of 'source-network-charge-storage', and the like. On the charge side, the demand response is usually carried out in a form of real-time electricity price and time-of-use electricity price, and in recent years, related researches have been carried out to expand single electric energy demand response to comprehensive electric, gas and heat demand response, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. In the aspect of regional comprehensive energy systems, the region comprises three main bodies of an energy supplier, a regional service provider and a regional user, and in order to analyze the transaction interaction process between an energy seller and a buyer in the market, a leader and a follower in a master-slave game model are generally adopted for analysis. There is a form of one leader and a plurality of followers, and a form of one leader and one follower.
In the field of DIES operation optimization research, only electric energy transaction is considered, the flexibility of natural gas and heat energy supply is not considered, and game interaction between a 'source' side energy supplier and an regional service provider is ignored at present. The flexibility of the 'source' side is searched, the source-load double-side interaction is realized, and certain problems still exist in the overall economy and the energy utilization rate of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for optimizing the operation of a regional comprehensive energy system, so as to solve the technical problems of lack of multiple energy fusion and lack of overall economy of the system in the optimization of the regional energy system in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing operation of an area integrated energy system, including:
establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game;
according to the operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system, solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to a solving result;
the establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
establishing an operation economic model of an energy provider based on the Stackelberg game;
establishing an operation economic model of an regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
establishing an operation economic model of regional users based on the Stackelberg game;
the establishing an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the energy supplier respectively, wherein the economic objective function of the energy supplier comprises the following steps:
Wherein C is ES Net revenue for the energy provider; t is the total time period, N is the number of generator sets,
and
the energy selling price and the selling power of the energy supplier generator set i and the gas distribution station are respectively represented; c net Representing energy supplyThe commercial company pays the network fee to the power grid company; g e,t,i And G s,t Indicating the operating costs of the ith genset and valve train.
The function of the running cost is as follows:
wherein a is e,i 、b e,i 、c e,i And a s 、b s 、c s And the secondary term, the primary term and the constant term coefficient of the running cost of the generator set and the gas distribution station are represented. The relationship of the available selling price and selling power according to the marginal cost function is as follows:
wherein A is e,t,i And A s,t Determining the intercept of the price-power curve by the energy provider;
the constraint conditions include:
price-power curve intercept upper and lower limit constraints:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
Is the upper limit and the lower limit of the intercept of the price-power curve of the ith generating set configured by an energy supplier, < ->
And->
Is made of regional clothingPrice-power curve intercept upper and lower limits of a gas distribution station configured by a service provider;
the establishing an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional service providers;
the economic objective function of the regional facilitator comprises:
Wherein C is SP For a net benefit to the regional service provider,
compensation cost for load shedding to the user in consideration of the demand response, +.>
For the cost of purchasing energy from the supply side, +.>
Providing a regional service provider with cut-down compensation for the user, < > or->
Is the environmental pollution treatment cost. The set k= { e, h, g }, e represents electrical energy, h represents thermal energy, g represents electrical energy; />
And P k,t Representing the price and load of k-class energy sales. The regional facilitator needs to provide the user with clipping compensation as follows: />
Wherein, c DR Representing a unit compensation price; l (L) k,t Indicating a k-class load demand for which no demand response is being made. Regional service business purchaseCan cost
Including cost of energy supply commercial availability ∈ ->
Cost of purchasing electricity from electric grid company>
And cost of purchasing heat from a heat source plant ∈ ->
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And->
The price and the electric quantity of electricity purchased by the regional operators from the power grid company, and the price and the heat of heat purchased by the regional operators from the heat source factory are respectively shown. Environmental pollution treatment cost->
The following are provided:
wherein P is wind,t And P PV,t Respectively representing wind power generation amount and photovoltaic power generation amount;
the constraint conditions include: electric, gas, thermal energy source power balance constraint; and
upper and lower limit constraints of output power of each device of the regional operators;
the upper and lower limit constraints of the output power of each device are expressed by adopting the following formulas:
D ε D, where D represents the device class, D= { P2G, CHP, GB }.
And->
The upper limit and the lower limit of the equipment output are respectively;
the establishing the operation economic model of the regional users based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional users;
the economic objective function of the regional users comprises:
wherein omega is 1 And omega 2 As the weight coefficient, C U For the user to synthesize a cost function, C t For the user to purchase energy cost D t To use energy preference costs, the expression is as follows:
wherein M is k Is the preference coefficient of the user for k types of energy sources;
the constraint conditions include:
practical energy constraint for users
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
The upper and lower limits of the energy are used for users.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for optimizing the operation of the regional comprehensive energy system, which comprises the following components:
the operation economic model building module is used for building an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game;
the optimization module is used for solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm according to the operation economic model of the energy supplier, the operation economic model of the regional energy supplier and the operation economic model of the regional user, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solving result;
The operation economic model building module comprises:
the energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional user operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional user based on the Stackelberg game; .
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for optimizing the operation of the regional comprehensive energy system have the following advantages:
according to the regional comprehensive energy system operation optimization method and device, the operation economic models of the energy suppliers, the regional energy suppliers and the regional users are respectively built based on the Stackelberg game, and the particle swarm algorithm is adopted to solve the operation economic models. The energy utilization strategy of the regional operators is fully considered, the operation characteristics of each configured device are considered, the output condition of each device is deeply researched, and the operation optimization control of each device is facilitated. Meanwhile, the introduction of the energy consumption preference cost quantifies the energy consumption comfort level, so that the defect that the energy consumption characteristic of a user cannot be truly reflected by single interruptible load compensation is overcome.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing regional comprehensive energy operation according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a regional comprehensive energy system in an application scenario in a regional comprehensive energy operation optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electric heating initial energy consumption curve and predicted power of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation at a user side in an application scenario in an area comprehensive energy operation optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fluctuation curve of a user's energy preference coefficient within 24 hours in an application scenario in the regional comprehensive energy operation optimization method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an area comprehensive energy operation optimizing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an operation optimization method of an area integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the operation optimization method of an area integrated energy system includes:
s110, establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game.
In this embodiment, the source-load two-sided master-slave gaming architecture of the regional integrated energy system includes three market participants, i.e., an energy provider, a regional service provider, and a regional user. The "source" side energy suppliers are prioritized as energy sellers and owners, and therefore are the leader in the game, and the regional server is the follower. The energy suppliers and the regional service providers have sequence when making strategies, after the energy suppliers make energy selling prices facing the service providers, the service providers adjust self energy purchasing strategies according to the energy selling prices, the information is fed back to the energy suppliers, the energy suppliers make new energy selling prices on the basis, and the game process is repeated until equilibrium is achieved.
The two parties can share information, namely, the provider can accurately obtain the energy information of the service provider, and the service provider can accurately obtain the energy selling price. The game thus belongs to a full information dynamic game. Similarly, the demand side also belongs to the game. The leader and follower involved in the master-slave game (the Stackelberg game) may well describe this transaction interaction relationship. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention adopts a Stackelberg game method to analyze the benefit relation among the main bodies of the area.
The energy suppliers are provided with generator sets and gas distribution stations, and sell electric energy and natural gas to regional services.
Regional service providers purchase gas from energy suppliers, heat from heat source plants, electricity from energy suppliers or the grid. The service provider comprises traditional controllable energy conversion equipment such as a cogeneration unit, a gas boiler, P2G and the like, and new energy equipment such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and the like. The power can be supplied through a photovoltaic, a fan and a CHP, or the power can be directly purchased from a power grid, so that the electric energy requirement of a downstream user can be met. In terms of heat energy supply, heat can be supplied by heat source plants, GB, CHP. When the gas demand is satisfied, natural gas purchased from a supplier may be directly utilized or supplied through P2G. The service providers combine renewable energy power generation with traditional energy supply equipment to meet regional users' multi-energy needs. The P2G and the cogeneration unit are configured to couple the electric, gas and heat systems together, so that the complementary utilization of energy is realized.
The decentralized participation of a large number of regional users in the market transaction increases the market burden, and the user energy consumption characteristics of the same region are similar, so that all users in the region are aggregated together to participate in the market transaction uniformly, and the flexibility of the user energy consumption is analyzed in the form of an incentive type comprehensive demand response.
In combination with the foregoing, in this embodiment, the establishing an operation economic model of the integrated energy system based on the stacking game may include: establishing an operation economic model of an energy provider based on the Stackelberg game; establishing an operation economic model of an regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game; and establishing an operation economic model of the regional users based on the Stackelberg game.
Correspondingly, the establishing the energy supplier operation economic model based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the energy supplier respectively, wherein the economic objective function of the energy supplier comprises the following steps:
wherein C is ES Net revenue for the energy provider; t is the total time period, N is the number of generator sets,
and
the energy selling price and the selling power of the energy supplier generator set i and the gas distribution station are respectively represented; c net Representing a net-passing fee paid by the energy supplier to the electric network company; g e,t,i And G s,t Indicating the operating costs of the ith genset and valve train.
The function of the running cost is as follows:
wherein a is e,i 、b e,i 、c e,i And a s 、b s 、c s And the secondary term, the primary term and the constant term coefficient of the running cost of the generator set and the gas distribution station are represented. The relationship of the available selling price and selling power according to the marginal cost function is as follows:
Wherein A is e,t,i And A s,t The energy provider determines the intercept of the price-power curve, and after this value is determined, the energy provider issues the complete price to the regional service provider.
The constraint conditions include:
price-power curve intercept upper and lower limit constraints:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
Is the upper limit and the lower limit of the intercept of the price-power curve of the ith generating set configured by an energy supplier, < ->
And->
Is the upper and lower price-power curve intercept limit for a gas station configured by a regional service provider.
Furthermore, because of the limited number of power generating units and gas distribution stations configured internally by the energy supplier, the energy that it can provide to the regional service provider needs to meet the upper limit constraints:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Is supplied by energy sourceThe upper limit of the power generation of the ith generator set configured by the corresponding manufacturer, < ->
Is the upper limit for the amount of natural gas provided by the gas distribution station configured by the energy supplier.
Regional service providers purchase three energy sources, electricity, heat, and gas from energy suppliers. The downstream consumer power demand may be met by providing power through a configured photovoltaic, fan, CHP, or by selling power directly from a commercial supply. In terms of heat demand supply, heat can be supplied directly from commercial suppliers or through GB, CHP. When the gas demand is satisfied, natural gas purchased from a supplier may be directly utilized or supplied through P2G. Specifically, the regional service provider has the following production model:
(1) Renewable energy Power to Gas (P2G) generation device
Electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen by using surplus power of wind power generation, solar power generation and the like, and providing the hydrogen to the existing gas pipeline network; or methane is produced by methanation reaction by using electric power, water and CO2 in the atmosphere to provide fuel gas. The model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and P t P2G Input and output power, η, of P2G respectively P2G Is the operating efficiency of P2G.
(2) Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power, CHP) plant
After the steam generated by the boiler drives the steam turbine generator unit to generate electricity, most of heat is still contained in the discharged steam and is taken away by cooling water, so that the thermal efficiency of the thermal power plant is only 30-40%. If the heat energy of the extraction or exhaust of the steam turbine during or after the steam driving the steam turbine is utilized, both electricity and heat can be generated. This production is called cogeneration. The process has both electric energy production and heat energy production, and is a heat and electricity simultaneous production and efficient energy utilization mode. The heat efficiency can reach 80-90%, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved by more than one time compared with the single power generation. The method utilizes heat energy of different grades in a grading way (namely high-grade heat energy is used for power generation, low-grade heat energy is used for central heating), improves the utilization efficiency of energy sources, reduces environmental pollution, and has the comprehensive benefits of saving energy sources, improving the environment, improving the heat supply quality, increasing the power supply and the like. The model is as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and P t CHP Input and output power of CHP, eta respectively CHP Is the operating efficiency of CHP.
(3) Gas Boiler (GB) equipment
Gas fired boilers provide thermal energy by burning natural gas. The model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and P t GB Input and output power of GB, eta GB Is the operation efficiency of GB.
(4) Wind power generation equipment
Wind power generation is to convert kinetic energy of wind into electric energy. Wind energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source.
In the method, in the process of the invention,
is the wind power generation value predicted in the future.
(5) Photovoltaic power generation equipment
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy.
In the method, in the process of the invention,
is the predicted maximum photovoltaic power generation in the mode of maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) operation.
The net revenue for the regional service is determined by the difference between the revenue available from sales to regional users and the cost of energy purchased from the energy suppliers.
The method for establishing the operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: and establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional service provider.
The economic objective function of the regional service provider is as follows:
Wherein C is SP For a net benefit to the regional service provider,
compensation cost for load shedding to the user in consideration of the demand response, +.>
For the cost of purchasing energy from the supply side, +.>
Providing a regional service provider with cut-down compensation for the user, < > or->
Is the environmental pollution treatment cost. The set k= { e, h, g }, e represents electrical energy, h represents thermal energy, g represents electrical energy; />
And P k,t Representing the price and load of k-class energy sales. The regional facilitator needs to provide the user with clipping compensation as follows:
wherein, c DR Representing a unit compensation price; l (L) k,t Indicating a k-class load demand for which no demand response is being made.
Cost of purchasing regional service
Including cost of energy supply commercial availability ∈ ->
Cost of purchasing electricity from electric grid company>
And cost of purchasing heat from a heat source plant ∈ ->
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And->
The price and the electric quantity of electricity purchased by the regional operators from the power grid company, and the price and the heat of heat purchased by the regional operators from the heat source factory are respectively shown.
Environmental pollution is generated in the process of supplying electric energy, so that the cost is required to be treated
Taking into account the total cost.
Wherein P is wind,t And P PV,t Respectively representing wind power generation amount and photovoltaic power generation amount.
Further, the constraint includes the following:
1) Purchasing electric quantity constraint from upper power grid and purchasing heat constraint from heat source factory
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
Respectively representing the upper limit value of the electricity purchase quantity from the upper power grid and the upper limit value of the heat purchase quantity from the heat source plant; />
2) Electric, gas and thermal energy source power balance constraint
Wherein P is Ein,t 、P Hin,t 、P Gin,t Respectively serving areasCommercially available electric energy, heat energy, natural gas. Alpha 1 、α 2 For distributing coefficient, beta 1 、β 2 、β 2 Distributing coefficients for natural gas. The two sets of coefficients satisfy the following constraint:
3) Upper and lower limit constraint of output power of each device of regional operator
Where D ε D, D represents the device class, D= { P2G, CHP, GB }.
And->
The upper and lower limits of the device output are respectively.
4) Energy selling price constraint issued by regional service provider to regional users
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And the upper limit and the lower limit of the energy selling price are respectively established for the service providers.
In the demand-side gaming process, the user participates in the demand response through the interruptible load, but the single interruptible load compensation does not truly reflect the user's energy consumption characteristics, thus introducing energy consumption preference cost D t Cost-effective energy-saving comfort level. Cost of purchase in a linear weighted formC t And energy consumption preference cost D t Represented as a composite cost function C U 。
An operational economic model of an area user, comprising: an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional users;
the economic objective function of the regional users comprises:
Wherein omega is 1 And omega 2 As the weight coefficient, C U For the user to synthesize a cost function, C t For the user to purchase energy cost D t To use energy preference costs, the expression is as follows:
wherein M is k Is the user's preference factor for k types of energy. M is M k The larger the value, the smaller the user's degree of curtailable tolerance for such energy, i.e., the smaller the amount of interruptive load.
The constraint conditions include:
practical energy constraint for users
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
The upper and lower limits of the energy are used for users. />
The above-mentioned energy supplier's operation economic model, regional energy supplier's operation economic model and regional user's operation economic model may be built out of order. Can be flexibly adjusted along with the actual situation.
And S120, solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm according to the operation economic model of the energy supplier, the operation economic model of the regional energy supplier and the operation economic model of the regional user, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solving result.
Illustratively, the solving by using the particle swarm algorithm according to the operation economic model of the energy supplier, the operation economic model of the regional energy supplier and the operation economic model of the regional user may include: determining an optimal load response under a certain energy source according to an objective function of a regional user in an operation economic model of the certain energy source demand; converting the double-layer objective function into a single objective function according to the optimal load response to solve the single objective function so as to obtain the output of each energy production and conversion device configured by the regional service provider and the price formulated for the regional user; and determining the energy used by each energy source of the regional users according to the energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output of the conversion equipment and the price formulated by the regional users.
Specifically, the calculation can be performed as follows:
solving the user objective function C U For the actual energy load P k,t Can be obtained as follows:
and the optimal load response at a certain energy price can be obtained by making the equation equal to 0.
The double-layer objective function in the 'source' side game interaction can be converted into a single objective function to be solved by bringing the above into the objective function of the regional service provider,
the regional service provider firstly establishes an initial energy selling price and issues the initial energy selling price to the regional service provider; after receiving the energy price, the regional service provider selects a more proper energy purchasing strategy with the target of the maximum net income on the premise of meeting the multi-energy requirement of the user, optimizes the output of each configured device, formulates the energy price for the regional user and issues the energy price; after receiving the new energy price, the regional users participate in the demand response, selectively cut down a certain load amount by taking the minimum comprehensive cost of the regional users as a target, and transmit a new load curve to an upstream regional service provider; after receiving the new load demand, the regional service provider formulates a new energy purchasing strategy, optimizes the output of each configured device, uploads the new energy purchasing strategy to the energy provider, and the energy provider prepares an energy price again with the maximum self energy selling income as a target and issues the energy price to the regional service provider to complete the first game; then, the source-load double-side continuous game is carried out until both sides of the source-load double-side game can not obtain larger benefits only through unilateral adjustment decision.
The Nash equilibrium solution finally obtained through the game process can obtain an electric energy price matrix E which is issued to regional service providers and aims at the maximum self-selling energy benefit e Price E of natural gas energy g The following is shown:
wherein n represents the total number of generators owned by an energy supplier, and m represents the number of gas distribution stations owned by the energy supplier; vector quantity
Represents 24 hours of the formulation of the ith generatorPrice matrix, vector->
Representing a 24 hour price matrix established by the jth valve station. The method can be expressed as follows: />
Obtaining the output P of each energy production and conversion equipment configured by regional service providers aiming at the maximum self net income SP And a price E formulated to the regional users SP The following is shown:
P SP ＝[P P2G ,P GB ,P CHPe ,P CHPh ,P Wind ,P PV ]
P P2G 、P GB 、P CHPe 、P CHPh 、P Wind 、P PV the power matrix of P2G, the heating power matrix of GB, the power matrix of CHP, the heating power matrix of CHP, the power matrix of fan power generation, and the power matrix of photovoltaic power generation are each shown for 24 hours.
Respectively representing 24-hour electricity, heat and gas energy selling price matrixes issued by regional service providers to users. The method can be expressed as follows:
where D ε D, D= { P2G, GB, CHP, wind, PV }.
Obtaining energy P for each energy source of the regional users aiming at minimizing the comprehensive cost of the regional users U The following is shown:
in the middle of
And respectively representing the electric energy demand, the heat energy demand and the natural gas demand of the regional users after the regional users respond to the demand.
The above technical solution is described in detail below in connection with a specific application scenario, and in this embodiment, an area integrated energy system model that may be used is shown in fig. 2, where an energy supplier includes 3 generators and a gas distribution station. The initial electric heating energy consumption curve of the user side and the predicted wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation forces are shown in fig. 3. The user's energy consumption preference factor plays an important role in considering the comprehensive cost function at the user side, and the fluctuation curve of this value over 24 hours is shown in fig. 4. The present embodiment sets the weighting coefficients of the purchase cost and the use preference cost equal. During simulation verification, 1 hour is taken as a simulation step length. Carrying out iterative solution by using a particle swarm algorithm, wherein the population number is set to be 50, the iteration times are 300, and the maximum allowable error epsilon of iteration convergence is 5 multiplied by 10 -3 。
The system considered in this embodiment has no equivalent coupling device such as an energy storage system, so that each time period can be analyzed independently. Without loss of generality, analysis was performed with the results of 12 hours, and the following 4 scenarios were set for analysis,
Scene I: the service provider and the energy provider perform game interaction of various energy sources;
scene II: the service provider and the energy provider only perform game interaction of electric energy, and the gas price sold by the gas distribution station is fixed;
scene III: the service provider and the energy provider only perform game interaction of gas energy, and the electricity price sold by each generator is fixed;
scene IV: the service provider and the energy provider do not perform game interaction, and the energy provider issues fixed electricity price and gas price;
the 4 scenarios described above all account for demand side gaming. The 4 scenarios all account for demand side gaming. The intercept of the fixed price involved in scenario 2, 3, 4 is the average of 24 intercepts over 24 hours in scenario 1, A e,t,i 93.37, 97.26, 81.91, A s,t 86.26.
Analyzing the game interaction condition;
the following table is 12: the net revenue situation for both the regional service provider and the energy provider at 00. The benefits of both parties are the largest when they are performing game interaction of multiple energy sources, and the benefits of both parties are reduced when the price of a certain energy source is fixed. When game interaction is not performed, the benefits of both parties are minimal. This is because when the service provider interacts with the energy provider for multiple energy games, the complementary substitution of multiple energy sources can be fully utilized, the service provider has more energy purchasing options, and the provider has more flexible pricing strategies. Therefore, the 'source' side game proposed by the regional comprehensive energy system operation optimization method provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the economy of participants.
TABLE 1 energy suppliers and regional facilitator profits (Unit: USD)
And realizing the game of both parties through a particle swarm algorithm. In the initial state, the energy pricing is far away from the game equilibrium point, and the gain fluctuation of the two parties is gradually reduced along with the increase of the iteration times until the energy pricing is stabilized near a certain value.
In the embodiment, the operation economic models of the energy suppliers, the regional energy suppliers and the regional users are respectively established based on the Stackelberg game, and the operation economic models are solved by adopting a particle swarm algorithm. The energy utilization strategy of the regional operators is fully considered, the operation characteristics of each configured device are considered, the output condition of each device is deeply researched, and the operation optimization control of each device is facilitated. Meanwhile, the introduction of the energy consumption preference cost quantifies the energy consumption comfort level, so that the defect that the energy consumption characteristic of a user cannot be truly reflected by single interruptible load compensation is overcome.
In a preferred implementation of the present embodiment, after determining the energy for each energy source of the regional users, the method may further comprise the steps of: and adjusting the power consumption condition of the renewable energy power generation equipment according to the energy used by each energy source of the regional users. After the regional service provider purchases energy from the energy supplier, the regional service provider optimizes the output of each device with the maximum self-selling energy benefit as a target so as to meet various energy requirements of users. In the aspect of electric energy supply, a service provider mainly applies photovoltaic power generation and fan power generation to supply power for economy. When the renewable energy source power generation can not meet the load demand, the power supply is mainly performed after the power is purchased from an upstream power grid. At the same time, demand response will also reduce the electricity costs of the service provider. In terms of heat energy and natural gas supply, due to the fact that the conversion efficiency of CHP and P2G is low and the cost price of heat and electricity is low, service providers mainly choose to purchase heat from a heat source plant for direct sale and purchase gas from a gas distribution station. Meanwhile, the demand response can also reduce the heat and gas purchasing cost of the service provider.
Example two
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an operation optimizing device for a regional comprehensive energy system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the operation optimizing device of the regional comprehensive energy system includes:
an operation economic model building module 210, configured to build an operation economic model of the integrated energy system based on the Stackelberg game;
the optimization module 240 is configured to solve, according to the operation economic model of the energy provider, the operation economic model of the regional energy provider, and the operation economic model of the regional user, by using a particle swarm algorithm, and optimize the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solution result;
the operation economic model building module comprises:
the energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional user operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional user based on the Stackelberg game;
the optimization module 240 is configured to solve, according to the operation economic model of the energy provider, the operation economic model of the regional energy provider, and the operation economic model of the regional user, by using a particle swarm algorithm, and optimize the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solution result;
The establishing an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the energy supplier respectively, wherein the economic objective function of the energy supplier comprises the following steps:
wherein C is ES Net revenue for the energy provider; t is the total time period, N is the number of generator sets,
and
the energy selling price and the selling power of the energy supplier generator set i and the gas distribution station are respectively represented; c net Representing a net-passing fee paid by the energy supplier to the electric network company; g e,t,i And G s,t Indicating the operating costs of the ith genset and valve train.
The function of the running cost is as follows:
wherein a is e,i 、b e,i 、c e,i And a s 、b s 、c s The operation cost secondary term, primary term and constant term coefficients of the generator set i and the gas distribution station are represented; the relationship of the available selling price and selling power according to the marginal cost function is as follows:
wherein A is e,t,i And A s,t Determining the intercept of the price-power curve by the energy provider;
the constraint conditions include:
price-power curve intercept upper and lower limit constraints:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
And->
Is the upper limit and the lower limit of the intercept of the price-power curve of the ith generating set configured by an energy supplier, < ->
And->
Is the upper and lower limit of the price-power curve intercept of the gas distribution station configured by the regional service provider;
The establishing an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional service providers;
the economic objective function of the regional facilitator comprises:
wherein C is SP For a net benefit to the regional service provider,
compensation cost for load shedding to the user in consideration of the demand response, +.>
For the cost of purchasing energy from the supply side, +.>
Providing a regional service provider with cut-down compensation for the user, < > or->
Is the environmental pollution treatment cost. The set k= { e, h, g }, e represents electrical energy, h represents thermal energy, g represents electrical energy; />
And P k,t Representing the price and load of k-class energy sales. The regional facilitator needs to provide the user with clipping compensation as follows:
wherein, c DR Representing a unit compensation price; l (L) k,t Indicating a k-class load demand for which no demand response is being made.
Cost of purchasing regional service
Including cost of energy supply commercial availability ∈ ->
Cost of purchasing electricity from electric grid company>
And cost of purchasing heat from a heat source plant ∈ ->
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And->
The price and the electric quantity of electricity purchased by the regional operators from the power grid company, and the price and the heat of heat purchased by the regional operators from the heat source factory are respectively shown.
Environmental pollution is generated in the process of supplying electric energy, so that the cost is required to be treated 
Taking into account the total cost.
Wherein P is wind,t And P PV,t Respectively representing wind power generation amount and photovoltaic power generation amount;
the constraint conditions include: electric, gas, thermal energy source power balance constraint; and
upper and lower limit constraints of output power of each device of the regional operators;
the upper and lower limit constraints of the output power of each device are expressed by adopting the following formulas:
where D ε D, D represents the device class, D= { P2G, CHP, GB }.
And->
The upper limit and the lower limit of the equipment output are respectively;
the establishing the operation economic model of the regional users based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional users;
the economic objective function of the regional users comprises:
wherein omega is 1 And omega 2 As the weight coefficient, C U For the user to synthesize a cost function, C t For the user to purchase energy cost D t To use energy preference costs, the expression is as follows:
wherein M is k Is the preference coefficient of the user for k types of energy sources;
the constraint conditions include:
practical energy constraint for users
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
The upper and lower limits of the energy are used for users.
In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the optimization module includes:
the optimal load response determining unit is used for determining the optimal load response under certain energy according to an objective function of the regional user in an operation economic model of certain energy demand;
The solving unit is used for converting the double-layer objective function into a single objective function according to the optimal load response to solve the double-layer objective function so as to obtain each energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output of the converting equipment and the price formulated for the regional user;
and the configuration unit is used for determining the energy used by each energy source of the regional user according to the energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output force of the conversion equipment and the price formulated to the regional user.
In another preferred implementation of this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the power consumption condition of the renewable energy power generation equipment according to the energy used by each energy source of the regional users.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimizing operation of a regional integrated energy system, the method comprising:
establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game;
according to the operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system, solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to a solving result;
The establishing an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
establishing an operation economic model of an energy provider based on the Stackelberg game;
establishing an operation economic model of an regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
establishing an operation economic model of regional users based on the Stackelberg game;
the establishing an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the energy supplier respectively, wherein the economic objective function of the energy supplier comprises the following steps:
wherein C is ES Net revenue for the energy provider; t is the total time period, N is the number of generator sets,
and
the energy selling price and the selling power of the energy supplier generator set i and the gas distribution station are respectively represented; c net Representing a net-passing fee paid by the energy supplier to the electric network company; g e,t,i And G s,t Representing the running cost of the ith generating set and the valve station;
the function of the running cost is as follows:
wherein a is e,i 、b e,i 、c e,i And a s 、b s 、c s The secondary term, the primary term and the constant term coefficient representing the running cost of the generator set and the gas distribution station, and the relationship between the available selling price and the selling power according to the marginal cost function is as follows:
Wherein A is e,t,i And A s,t Determining the intercept of the price-power curve by the energy supplier, and after the value is determined, issuing the complete price to the regional service provider by the energy supplier;
the constraint conditions include:
price-power curve intercept upper and lower limit constraints:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
Is the upper limit and the lower limit of the intercept of the price-power curve of the ith generating set configured by an energy supplier, < ->
And->
Is the upper and lower limit of the price-power curve intercept of the gas distribution station configured by the regional service provider;
the establishing an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional service providers;
the economic objective function of the regional facilitator comprises:
wherein C is SP For a net benefit to the regional service provider,
to account for the cost of compensation for the load shedding of the user in response to demand,
for the cost of purchasing energy from the supply side, +.>
Providing a regional service provider with cut-down compensation for the user, < > or->
For the environmental pollution treatment cost, the set K= { e, h, g }, e represents electric energy, h represents heat energy, and g represents electric energy; />
And P k,t Representing the price and load of the k-class energy sales, regional service providers need to provide curtailment compensation to users as follows:
Wherein, c DR Representing a unit compensation price; l (L) k,t Representing k-class load demand without demand response, regional service business's cost of purchase
Including cost of energy supply commercial availability ∈ ->
Cost of purchasing electricity from electric grid company>
And cost of purchasing heat from a heat source plant ∈ ->
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And->
Respectively representing the price and the electric quantity of electricity purchased by regional operators from a power grid company, the price and the heat of heat purchased from a heat source factory and the environmental pollution treatment cost ∈>
The following are provided:
wherein P is wind,t And P PV,t Respectively representing wind power generation amount and photovoltaic power generation amount;
the constraint conditions include: electric, gas, thermal energy source power balance constraint; and
upper and lower limit constraints of output power of each device of the regional operators;
the upper and lower limit constraints of the output power of each device are expressed by adopting the following formulas:
where d represents the device type, k= { P2G, CHP, GB },
and->
The upper limit and the lower limit of the equipment output are respectively;
the establishing the operation economic model of the regional users based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional users;
the economic objective function of the regional users comprises:
wherein omega is 1 And omega 2 As the weight coefficient, C U For the user to synthesize a cost function, C t For the user to purchase energy cost D t To use energy preference costs, the expression is as follows:
wherein M is k Is the preference coefficient of the user for k types of energy sources;
the constraint conditions include:
the user's actual energy usage constraints:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
The upper and lower limits of the energy are used for users.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said solving using a particle swarm algorithm based on an operational economic model of the integrated energy system comprises:
determining an optimal load response under a certain energy source according to an objective function of a regional user in an operation economic model of the certain energy source demand;
converting the double-layer objective function into a single objective function according to the optimal load response to solve the single objective function so as to obtain the output of each energy production and conversion device configured by the regional service provider and the price formulated for the regional user;
and determining the energy used by each energy source of the regional users according to the energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output of the conversion equipment and the price formulated by the regional users.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after determining the energy for each energy source for the regional user, the method further comprises:
and adjusting the power consumption condition of the renewable energy power generation equipment according to the energy used by each energy source of the regional users.
4. An apparatus for optimizing operation of a regional integrated energy system, the apparatus comprising:
the operation economic model building module is used for building an operation economic model of the comprehensive energy system based on the Stackelberg game;
the optimization module is used for solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm according to the operation economic model of the energy supplier, the operation economic model of the regional energy supplier and the operation economic model of the regional user, and optimizing the operation parameters of the energy system according to the solving result;
the operation economic model building module comprises:
the energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional energy supplier operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game;
the regional user operation economic model building unit is used for building an operation economic model of the regional user based on the Stackelberg game;
the establishing an operation economic model of the energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the energy supplier respectively, wherein the economic objective function of the energy supplier comprises the following steps:
Wherein C is ES Net revenue for the energy provider; t is the total time period, N is the number of generator sets,
and
the energy selling price and the selling power of the energy supplier generator set i and the gas distribution station are respectively represented; c net Representing a net-passing fee paid by the energy supplier to the electric network company; g e,t,i And G s,t Representing the operating costs of the ith genset and valve train,
the function of the running cost is as follows:
wherein a is e,i 、b e,i 、c e,i And a s 、b s 、c s The secondary term, the primary term and the constant term coefficient representing the running cost of the generator set and the gas distribution station, and the relationship between the available selling price and the selling power according to the marginal cost function is as follows:
wherein A is e,t,i And A s,t The energy provider determines the intercept of the price-power curve, after which the energy provider issues the complete price to the regional service provider,
the constraint conditions include:
price-power curve intercept upper and lower limit constraints:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
Is the upper and lower limit of the price-power curve intercept of the ith generator set configured by the energy supplier,
and->
Is the upper and lower limit of the price-power curve intercept of the gas distribution station configured by the regional service provider;
the establishing an operation economic model of the regional energy supplier based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps: respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional service providers;
The economic objective function of the regional facilitator comprises:
wherein C is SP For a net benefit to the regional service provider,
to account for the cost of compensation for the load shedding of the user in response to demand,
for the cost of purchasing energy from the supply side, +.>
Providing a regional service provider with cut-down compensation for the user, < > or->
For the environmental pollution treatment cost, the set K= { e, h, g }, e represents electric energy, h represents heat energy, and g represents electric energy; />
And P k,t Representing the price and load of the k-class energy sales, regional service providers need to provide curtailment compensation to users as follows:
wherein, c DR Representing a unit compensation price; l (L) k,t Representing k-class load demand without demand response, regional service business's cost of purchase
Including cost of energy supply commercial availability ∈ ->
Cost of purchasing electricity from electric grid company>
And cost of purchasing heat from a heat source plant ∈ ->
/>
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
And->
Respectively representing the price and the electric quantity of the regional operators for purchasing electricity from the power grid company and the price of purchasing heat from the heat source factoryGrid, heat and environmental pollution treatment cost->
The following are provided:
wherein P is wind,t And P PV,t Respectively representing wind power generation amount and photovoltaic power generation amount;
the constraint conditions include: electric, gas, thermal energy source power balance constraint; and
upper and lower limit constraints of output power of each device of the regional operators;
The upper and lower limit constraints of the output power of each device are expressed by adopting the following formulas:
d e D, where D represents the device class, d= { P2G, CHP, GB },
and->
The upper limit and the lower limit of the equipment output are respectively;
the establishing the operation economic model of the regional users based on the Stackelberg game comprises the following steps:
respectively establishing an economic objective function and constraint conditions of the regional users;
the economic objective function of the regional users comprises:
wherein omega is 1 And omega 2 As the weight coefficient, C U For the user to synthesize a cost function, C t For the user to purchase energy cost D t To use energy preference costs, the expression is as follows:
wherein M is k Is the preference coefficient of the user for k types of energy sources;
the constraint conditions include:
practical energy constraint for users
In the method, in the process of the invention,
and->
The upper and lower limits of the energy are used for users.
5. The regional integrated energy system operation optimization apparatus of claim 4, wherein the optimization module comprises:
the optimal load response determining unit is used for determining the optimal load response under certain energy according to an objective function of the regional user in an operation economic model of certain energy demand;
the solving unit is used for converting the double-layer objective function into a single objective function according to the optimal load response to solve the double-layer objective function so as to obtain each energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output of the converting equipment and the price formulated for the regional user;
And the configuration unit is used for determining the energy used by each energy source of the regional user according to the energy production configured by the regional service provider, the output force of the conversion equipment and the price formulated to the regional user.
6. The regional integrated energy system operation optimization apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the power consumption condition of the renewable energy power generation equipment according to the energy used by each energy source of the regional users.
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| CN111460358A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-28 | 四川大学 | Park operator energy transaction optimization decision method based on supply and demand game interaction |
| CN111881616A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-03 | 国网河北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Operation optimization method of comprehensive energy system based on multi-subject game |
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| CN109146143A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-04 | 河海大学 | A kind of optimal pricing method of sale of electricity company and user's leader-followers games |
| CN109861302A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-06-07 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of energy internet based on leader-followers games optimal control method a few days ago |
| CN111460358A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-28 | 四川大学 | Park operator energy transaction optimization decision method based on supply and demand game interaction |
| CN111881616A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-03 | 国网河北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Operation optimization method of comprehensive energy system based on multi-subject game |
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