CN111982777A - Measuring device and measuring method for permeability of porous electrode of flow battery - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method for permeability of porous electrode of flow battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111982777A CN111982777A CN202010830682.4A CN202010830682A CN111982777A CN 111982777 A CN111982777 A CN 111982777A CN 202010830682 A CN202010830682 A CN 202010830682A CN 111982777 A CN111982777 A CN 111982777A
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the permeability of a porous electrode of a flow battery, and relates to the field of flow batteries. The device comprises a bracket, a liquid storage tank, a liquid stopping clamp, a pipeline and a container. The method comprises the following steps: assembling a testing device, placing a liquid storage tank on a certain platform of a bracket, and injecting liquid; opening a liquid stopping clamp to enable liquid to flow into the container through the pipeline, and recording the volume of the liquid in the container after a certain time; calculating the friction coefficient of the pipeline according to the test data; connecting the flow battery with the porous electrode to be detected between the pipeline and the container in series, and repeating the operation; calculating the flow loss of the pipeline according to the friction coefficient and the test data obtained by calculation; and deducting the flow loss of the pipeline, and calculating the permeability of the porous electrode. The permeability of the porous electrode is obtained by the measuring device and the measuring method, the numerical value is more real, the actual state of each porous electrode in the battery can be more accurately reflected, the data acquisition is simple, and complex equipment is not needed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow batteries, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the permeability of a porous electrode of a flow battery.
Background
The flow battery has the characteristics of high capacity, wide application field (environment) and long cycle service life, and is a new energy product. Flow batteries are a secondary battery technology in which an active material is present in a liquid electrolyte. The electrolyte is placed in a storage tank, flows through the galvanic pile under the driving of the circulating pump, and generates the conversion between chemical energy and electric energy, thereby realizing the storage and the release of the electric energy.
In this process, the energy required for pumping and overcoming gravity when pumping the electrolyte is related to the pressure loss when circulating the electrolyte. In general, the pressure losses associated with electrolyte movement in a flow battery system have a more significant effect on the pumping energy than the work done against gravity when pumping the electrolyte. This loss is generally composed of channel losses, manifold losses, and porous electrode losses, the latter being dominant in total pressure loss, affecting cell performance.
The flow resistance of the porous electrode can be measured by using a pressure gauge, but in a flow battery module in practical application, only one pressure gauge is usually installed on each of the positive and negative main pipelines. For each electric pile in the flow battery module and the plurality of porous electrodes in each electric pile, the respective flow resistance cannot be measured one by using the pressure gauge.
Therefore, the flow resistance of the porous electrode is generally obtained from calculation. For a given material and geometric size of the flow battery porous electrode, the corresponding flow resistance at different flow rates can be according to the formula Δ pfeltCalculated as (μ · l · Q)/(κ · a). Wherein mu is the viscosity of the liquid, l is the length of the porous electrode, Q is the flow, kappa is the permeability, A is the cross-sectional area of the porous electrode, and Δ pfeltIs the flow resistance. Therefore, permeability is the key to calculating flow resistance.
In the conventional method, the porous electrode permeability is generally estimated according to the following empirical formula;
wherein d isfK is constant 4.28 for porous electrode fiber diameter and porous electrode porosity. However, in practice, due to the influence of the assembly method, environmental factors, fluid properties, etc., on one hand, the estimated value may have a large deviation from the actual value, and on the other hand, the estimation assumes that the porous electrode is uniform, and the influence of the flow rate or flow resistance unevenness on the performance of the flow battery cannot be examined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring device and a measuring method for the permeability of a porous electrode of a flow battery, which can obtain more real permeability through actual measurement, avoid the problem of deviation caused by empirical formula estimation and can be used for investigating the influence of uneven flow or flow resistance on the performance of the flow battery.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a measuring device for the permeability of a porous electrode of a flow battery comprises a bracket, a liquid storage tank, a liquid stopping clamp, a pipeline and a container; a liquid outlet is arranged on the side surface of the liquid storage tank and connected with one end of the pipeline, and the liquid stopping clamp is positioned at the liquid outlet; the container is positioned at the other end of the pipeline and is used for receiving liquid flowing out through the pipeline; the bracket comprises a plurality of platforms with different heights, the platforms are used for adjusting the height of the liquid storage tank, and the number of the platforms is more than or equal to 1; the liquid storage tank is arranged on any one of the platforms, and the length of the pipeline is equal to the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is arranged.
Furthermore, the liquid storage tank should have a large enough cross-sectional area to ensure that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is lowered by less than a% of the height of the platform after the liquid flows into the container through the pipeline in the testing process. The liquid to be measured in the liquid storage tank is water or electrolyte of a battery applied to the porous electrode to be measured.
The invention also provides a measuring method for the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery based on the measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
and 5, placing the liquid storage tank on other platforms of the support, repeating the steps 1 to 4, and taking the average value of the calculated permeability as the final permeability of the porous electrode.
Further, in the testing process, the pressure is set to be zero when the liquid to be tested flows to the container, that is, the overall pressure loss of the liquid to be tested flowing from the liquid storage tank to the container is the pressure difference caused by the height difference of the section, and the specific value is rho gL, wherein rho is the density of the liquid, g is the acceleration of gravity, and L is the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is located.
Further, the friction coefficient of the pipeline is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein f isDMu is the fluid viscosity, d is the diameter of the pipe, t is the coefficient of friction of the pipe1Timing time for step 2, rho is liquid density, V1The volume of liquid in the container at the end of the timer for step 2.
Further, the flow loss of the pipeline in the step 4 is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, PpipeFor the flow loss of the pipeline, L is the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is located, V2Timing the volume of liquid in the vessel at the end of step 4, t2Time is counted for step 4.
Further, the permeability is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein kappa is the permeability of the porous material, l is the length of the porous electrode, and A is the cross-sectional area of the porous electrode.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the permeability of the porous electrode is obtained through an experimental method, the numerical value is more real, the actual state of each porous electrode in the battery can be more accurately measured, the data acquisition is simple, and complex equipment is not needed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring device of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a bracket, 2, a liquid storage tank, 3, a liquid stopping clamp, 4, a pipeline and 5, a container.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The device for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery, disclosed by the invention, comprises a bracket 1, a liquid storage tank 2, a liquid stopping clamp 3, a pipeline 4 and a container 5, wherein the bracket 1 is arranged on the bracket; a liquid outlet is formed in the side face of the liquid storage tank 2 and connected with one end of the pipeline 4, and the liquid stopping clamp 3 is located at the liquid outlet; the container 5 is positioned at the other end of the pipeline 4 and is used for receiving the liquid flowing out through the pipeline 4; the bracket 1 comprises a plurality of platforms with different heights, and is used for adjusting the height of the liquid storage tank 2, and the number of the platforms is more than or equal to 1; the liquid storage tank 2 is arranged on any one platform, and the length of the pipeline 4 is equal to the height of the platform on which the liquid storage tank 2 is arranged. The size of the cross section area of the liquid storage tank meets the requirement that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is reduced by less than 5% of the height of the platform after liquid flows into the container through the pipeline in the test process. The liquid to be measured in the liquid storage tank is water or electrolyte of a battery applied to the porous electrode to be measured.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the permeability of the porous material based on the device, which comprises the following steps:
wherein f isDMu is the fluid viscosity, d is the diameter of the pipe, t is the coefficient of friction of the pipe1For timing, ρ is the liquid density, V1Is the volume of liquid in the container at the end of the timing.
In this example, μ ═ 0.8937 × 10-3Pa·s、d＝0.01m、t1＝20s、ρ＝1×103g/L、V10.251L. The friction coefficient of the pipe 4 was calculated to be 3.58 × 10-2。
wherein, PpipeFor the flow loss of the pipeline, L is the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is located, V2For the volume of liquid in the container at the end of the timing, t2The time is counted.
In this example, fD＝3.58×10-2、L＝0.44m、V2＝0.055L、ρ＝1×103g/L、d＝0.01m、t2300 s. The flow loss calculation result of the line 4 was 3.37 × 10-1Pa。
Calculating the permeability of the porous electrode according to the height of the platform, the geometric dimension and record of the electrode, time and volume; the formula is as follows:
wherein kappa is the permeability of the porous material, l is the length of the porous electrode, and A is the cross-sectional area of the porous electrode.
In this example, μ ═ 0.8937 × 10-3Pa·s、l＝0.07m、V2＝0.055L、A＝1.4×10-4m2、t2＝300s、ρ＝1×103g/L、L＝0.44m、Ppipe＝3.37×10-1Pa. The calculated permeability of the porous electrode was 1.90X 10-11m2。
The permeability k value obtained by measurement calculation using the apparatus of this example was 2.89X 10-11(ii) a Calculated using empirical formula, the resulting permeability κ value was 7.43 × 10-10. The pressure loss of the porous electrode was calculated at a flow rate of 2.4L/h, i.e., 1.03X 104Pa, the latter being 4.01X 102Pa. The pressure value measured by the pressure gauge is 8.67 multiplied by 103Pa shows that the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery can be measured by using the method and the device, and the measurement result is closer to a real value than the method of an empirical formula.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A measuring device of flow battery porous electrode permeability is characterized in that: the device comprises a bracket, a liquid storage tank, a liquid stopping clamp, a pipeline and a container; a liquid outlet is arranged on the side surface of the liquid storage tank and connected with one end of the pipeline, and the liquid stopping clamp is positioned at the liquid outlet; the container is positioned at the other end of the pipeline and is used for receiving liquid flowing out through the pipeline; the support comprises a plurality of platforms with different heights, the liquid storage tank is arranged on any one of the platforms, and the length of the pipeline is equal to the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is arranged.
2. The flow battery porous electrode permeability measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the size of the cross section area of the liquid storage tank meets the requirement that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is reduced by a percent less than the height of the platform after liquid flows into the container through the pipeline in the test process.
3. The flow battery porous electrode permeability measurement device of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the liquid to be measured in the liquid storage tank is water or electrolyte of a battery applied to the porous electrode to be measured.
4. The method for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery based on the device of claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, assembling a testing device, namely placing a liquid storage tank on a platform of a support, wherein a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with a pipeline, and the length of the pipeline is the height of the platform;
step 2, closing the liquid stopping clamp, and injecting liquid to be detected into the liquid storage tank; emptying the container, opening the liquid stopping clamp to enable the liquid in the liquid storage tank to flow into the container through the pipeline, and recording the volume of the liquid in the container after a certain time;
step 3, calculating the friction coefficient of the pipeline according to the height of the platform, the pipeline parameters, the recorded time and the volume of the liquid in the container; the pipeline parameters comprise pipeline length and pipeline diameter;
step 4, connecting the flow battery with the porous electrode to be detected between the pipeline and the container in series, and repeating the step 2; calculating the flow loss of the pipeline according to the friction coefficient obtained in the step 3; calculating the permeability of the porous electrode in combination with the flow loss;
and 5, placing the liquid storage tank on other platforms of the support, repeating the steps 1 to 4, and taking the average value of the calculated permeability as the final permeability of the porous electrode.
5. The method for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery according to claim 4, wherein: in the testing process, the pressure is zero when the liquid to be tested flows to the container, namely the overall pressure loss of the liquid to be tested flowing from the liquid storage tank to the container is the pressure difference caused by the height difference of the section, and the specific value is rho gL, wherein rho is the density of the liquid, g is the gravity acceleration, and L is the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is located.
6. The method for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the friction coefficient of the pipeline is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein f isDMu is the fluid viscosity, d is the diameter of the pipe, t is the coefficient of friction of the pipe1Timing time for step 2, rho is liquid density, V1The volume of liquid in the container at the end of the timer for step 2.
7. The method for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery as recited in claim 6, wherein: the flow loss of the pipeline in the step 4 is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, PpipeFor the flow loss of the pipeline, L is the height of the platform where the liquid storage tank is located, V2Timing the volume of liquid in the vessel at the end of step 4, t2Time is counted for step 4.
8. The method for measuring the permeability of the porous electrode of the flow battery as recited in claim 7, wherein: the permeability is calculated as follows:
wherein kappa is the permeability of the porous material, l is the length of the porous electrode, and A is the cross-sectional area of the porous electrode.
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