CN111850547A - Multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle - Google Patents
Multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111850547A CN111850547A CN202010724495.8A CN202010724495A CN111850547A CN 111850547 A CN111850547 A CN 111850547A CN 202010724495 A CN202010724495 A CN 202010724495A CN 111850547 A CN111850547 A CN 111850547A
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910004534 SiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle, wherein the lower end of a second module is detachably connected with the upper end of a third module, the upper end of the second module is detachably connected with a plurality of first modules, the upper end of the second module is provided with a connector at the position of the axis of the second module, the connector, the second module and the third module are provided with laser light channels at the position of the axis, and a connector capable of adjusting the position up and down is sleeved on the connector; powder feeding channels are formed in the axis of the first module, the second module and the third module and form a Laval powder feeding channel, the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axes of the second module form preset included angles, and the axes of the Laval powder feeding channels and the axes of the laser light channel channels intersect at one point below the third module; and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are arranged on the second module, and a cooling water channel is arranged in the second module. The invention is detachable, which is convenient for cleaning and checking the spray head and also is convenient for quickly replacing worn or damaged parts in the spray head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser processing, in particular to a multi-axis ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle.
Background
The laser cladding technology is a new material surface repairing treatment technology, the laser cladding technology is characterized in that an alloy powder coating is instantly melted on the surface of a matrix by using a high-energy laser beam emitted by a laser to form metallurgical bonding, and a coating with good mechanical property is prepared by cladding a suitable material on different matrix materials by adopting suitable laser process parameters, so that the properties of the surface of the matrix material, such as hardness, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, wear resistance, friction reduction and the like, are improved. So as to achieve the purpose of strengthening and modifying the surface of the metal workpiece. The laser cladding technology has the characteristics of low dilution rate, small heat affected zone, capability of realizing metallurgical bonding and the like, and particularly, large shaft parts and flat plate parts in the industries of coal mines, cement and the like have the defects that the parts are invalid due to the phenomena of scratching, abrasion, corrosion and the like easily occurring on equipment due to the severe and complex working environment. The laser cladding can repair and remanufacture the surface of the part, and meets the urgent needs of coal mine machinery.
The ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology changes the action process of laser and powder, and ultrahigh-speed acceleration is carried out on powder particles in the cladding process. The surface of the cladding layer subjected to ultrahigh-speed laser cladding has good finish, the lapping trace is not obvious, the cladding layer and the substrate are metallurgically bonded and have no defect, the cladding layer can be directly processed, the material is saved, and the cost is reduced.
Most of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding powder feeding devices are improved from traditional laser cladding powder feeding devices, most of the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding powder feeding devices are straight-tube coaxial powder feeding devices, and due to the fact that powder feeding channels are long and small in size, powder blocking, unsmooth and uneven powder feeding, poor powder particle acceleration effect and multiple coating defects are easily caused. Meanwhile, the powder feeding channel has smaller size, the cladding nozzle has higher processing requirement, the processing difficulty is high in the manufacturing process, the rejection rate is higher, and the manufacturing cost is increased; in addition, in the using process, the powder blocking phenomenon is easy to occur, the powder feeding channel is not easy to disassemble, assemble, inspect and clean, the powder feeding channel is seriously abraded in the using process, and once the powder feeding channel is damaged and divided, the manufacturing spray head needs to be replaced again, so that the resources are wasted, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle which is detachable, is convenient to clean and check the nozzle and is also convenient to quickly replace worn or damaged parts in the nozzle.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-axis ultra-high-speed laser cladding nozzle comprises a first module, a second module and a third module, wherein the first module, the second module and the third module are all revolving bodies, the second module and the third module are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the second module is detachably connected with the upper end of the third module, the upper end of the second module is detachably connected with a plurality of first modules, and the first modules are symmetrically distributed around the axis of the second module; the upper end of the second module is provided with a connector at the position of the axis of the second module, the connector, the second module and the third module are provided with laser light paths at the position of the axis, the connector is sleeved with a connector with the position adjustable up and down, and the connector is used for being connected with a laser light path system; powder feeding channels are formed in the axis of the first module, the second module and the third module, the powder feeding channels in the first module, the second module and the third module form a Laval powder feeding channel, the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axes of the second module form preset included angles, and the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axes of the laser light channel intersect at one point below the third module; and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed in the second module, a cooling water channel is arranged in the second module, and two ends of the cooling water channel are respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet.
Preferably, the connector is of a cylindrical structure and is sleeved on the connecting head, the side wall of the connector is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the side wall of the connector.
Preferably, the connector is provided with a shielding gas inlet which is communicated with the laser light path channel.
Preferably, one end of the first module is provided with a first threaded hole in the axis of the first module, the upper end of the powder feeding channel on the second module is provided with a hollow first external threaded section matched with the first threaded hole, and the first module and the second module are in threaded connection through the first threaded hole and the first external threaded section.
Preferably, the powder feeding passage in the first module is a contraction section of the laval powder feeding passage, the inner cavity of the first external thread section is a throat section of the laval powder feeding passage, and the powder feeding passage in the third module is an expansion section of the laval powder feeding passage.
Preferably, a second external thread section is arranged at the axis of the lower end of the second module, the second external thread section is of a hollow structure, an inner cavity of the second external thread section is a laser light path channel, a second threaded hole is arranged at the axis of the upper end of the third module, and the second module and the third module are connected through the external thread section and the second threaded hole.
Preferably, the cooling water channel is located in the region between the laser light channel and the Laval powder feeding channel.
Preferably, the upper end surface of the second module is a convex conical surface, the lower end surface of the second module is a plane, and the side surface of the second module is an end conical surface; the third module is of a circular truncated cone structure, and the upper end face of the third module is a plane.
Preferably, the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the laser light channel intersect at the vertex of the cone corresponding to the third module.
Preferably, the lower end face of the third module is an inner concave face, and the lower ports of the laser light path channel and all the Laval powder feeding channels are located on the inner concave face.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the first module and the second module of the multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle are detachably connected, the second module and the third module are detachably connected, the laser light channel is arranged at the axis position of the connector, the second module and the third module, the axis of the first module, the powder feeding channels are arranged in the second module and the third module, and the powder feeding channels in the first module, the second module and the third module form a Laval powder feeding channel. Meanwhile, the Laval powder feeding channel is arranged, so that uniform and smooth powder feeding can be ensured, powder blockage is avoided, the acceleration effect of powder particles is obvious, ultrahigh acceleration can be performed on the powder particles, ultrahigh-speed laser cladding is realized, and a high-quality coating which is free of air holes, high in surface smoothness, good in binding force and thick in deposited coating is obtained. The connector capable of adjusting the position up and down is sleeved on the connecting head, so that the up-down installation distance of the multi-axis ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle can be adjusted; the water cooling structure is arranged, so that the whole spray head, particularly the second module, can be cooled by the aid of the cooling water inlet, the cooling water outlet and the cooling water channel, and overheating in the using process is prevented.
Furthermore, the connector is of a cylindrical structure, the side wall of the connector is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt, and the connector is simple in structure and convenient to adjust.
Furthermore, a protective gas inlet is arranged on the connector and communicated with the laser light channel, protective gas can be introduced into the laser light channel by utilizing the inlet of the protector, and the laser lens can be protected.
Furthermore, first module and second module are through first screw hole and first external screw thread section threaded connection, and the form through threaded connection makes first module and second module be dismantled and be connected more swiftly convenient, the processing of being convenient for moreover.
Furthermore, the second module and the third module are connected with the second threaded hole through the external thread section, and the second module and the third module are more quickly and conveniently detached and connected in a threaded connection mode and are convenient to process.
Furthermore, the cooling water channel is located in the area between the laser light channel and the Laval powder feeding channel, so that the heating area of the whole spray head can be effectively cooled, and the using effect and the service life of the spray head are ensured.
Furthermore, the upper end surface of the second module is a convex conical surface, so that the structural design when the first module is detachably connected with the second module is facilitated, the lower end surface of the second module is a plane, the third module is of a round table structure, and the upper end surface of the third module is a plane, so that the lower end surface of the second module is tightly attached to the upper end surface of the third module, and the powder feeding effect is ensured; and the side of the second module is a conical surface, so that the integral structure formed by connecting the second module and the third module is more attractive.
Furthermore, the axes of all Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the laser light channel are intersected at the vertex of the cone corresponding to the third module, so that the distance between the contact point of the laser and the powder and the third module is moderate, the lower end face of the third module is seriously ablated due to too close distance, and more heat and more kinetic energy loss of the powder are caused due to too far distance, so that the deposition is not facilitated.
Furthermore, the lower end face of the third module is an inner concave face, the lower ports of the laser light path channel and all the Laval powder feeding channels are located on the inner concave face, powder can be conveniently bound by the inner concave face, and powder sent out from the powder feeding pipeline can be prevented from scattering at the outlet.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall appearance diagram of the multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a topographical view of a second module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of the shape of a cooling channel of the multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a first module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a topographical view of a second module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a second module of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a third module of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a Laval powder feed channel of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a conventional laser cladding coating microstructure;
FIG. 10 shows the microstructure of the coating obtained by the multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a laser light path channel; 1-1, a connector; 2. adjusting the bolt; 3. a shielding gas inlet; 4. a first module; 5. a cooling water inlet; 6. a connector; 7. a first powder feeding channel; 8. a second powder feeding channel; 9. a third powder feeding channel; 10. a second module; 11. a second outer thread section; 12. a third module; 13. an expansion section; 14. a convergence point; 15. a contraction section; 16. a first external thread section; 17. an expansion section; 18. a cooling water outlet; 19. a second threaded hole; 20. a cooling water crossover point; 21. a first threaded hole; 22. a cooling water passage.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, but the present invention is not limited thereby
Referring to fig. 1-7, the multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle comprises a first module 4, a second module 10 and a third module 12, wherein the first module 4, the second module 10 and the third module 12 are all revolving bodies, the second module 10 and the third module 12 are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the second module 10 is detachably connected with the upper end of the third module 12, the upper end of the second module 10 is detachably connected with a plurality of first modules 4, and the first modules 4 are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the second module 10; the upper end of the second module 10 is provided with a connector 6 at the position of the axis, the connector 6, the second module 10 and the third module 12 are provided with a laser light path channel 1 at the position of the axis, the connector 6 is sleeved with a connector 1-1 with the position capable of being adjusted up and down, and the connector 1-1 is used for being connected with a laser light path system; powder feeding channels are formed in the axis of the first module 4, the second module 10 and the third module 12, the powder feeding channels in the first module 4, the second module 10 and the third module 12 form a Laval powder feeding channel, the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the second module 10 form preset included angles, and the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the laser light channel 1 intersect at one point below the third module 12; the second module 10 is provided with a cooling water inlet 5 and a cooling water outlet 18, a cooling water channel 22 is arranged inside the second module 10, and two ends of the cooling water channel are respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet 5 and the cooling water outlet 18.
Referring to fig. 1, 5 and 6, a connector 1-1 is a cylindrical structure and is sleeved on a connector 6, an adjusting bolt 2 is connected to the side wall of the connector 1-1 in a threaded manner, and the adjusting bolt 2 penetrates through the side wall of the connector 1-1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shielding gas inlet 3 is provided on the connector 1-1, and the shielding gas inlet 3 communicates with the laser light path 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first screw hole 21 is formed at one end of the first block 4 at the axial center of the first block 4, a hollow first male screw section 16 fitted to the first screw hole 21 is formed at the upper end of the powder feeding passage in the second block 10, and the first block 4 and the second block 10 are screw-coupled via the first screw hole 21 and the first male screw section 16.
Referring to fig. 2, 4, and 6-8, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder feed passage in the first die block 4 is a constricted section 15 of the laval powder feed passage, the inner cavity of the first externally threaded section 16 is a throat section of the laval powder feed passage, and the powder feed passage in the third die block 12 is an expanded section of the laval powder feed passage.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 5-7, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second external thread section 11 is provided at an axial center of a lower end of the second module 10, the second external thread section 11 is a hollow structure, an inner cavity of the second external thread section 11 is a laser light path, a second threaded hole 19 is provided at an axial center of an upper end of the third module 12, and the second module 10 and the third module 12 are connected through the external thread section 11 and the second threaded hole 19.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cooling water passage 22 is located in a region between the laser light passage 1 and the laval powder feeding passage.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 5 to 7, the upper end surface of the second module 10 is a convex conical surface, the lower end surface of the second module 10 is a flat surface, and the side surface of the second module 10 is an end conical surface; the third module 12 is in a circular truncated cone structure, and the upper end surface of the third module 12 is a plane.
Referring to fig. 7, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axes of all the laval powder feeding channels intersect with the axis of the laser light path channel 1 at the vertex of the corresponding cone of the third module 12.
Referring to fig. 7, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end face of the third module 12 is an inner concave surface, and the laser light path channel 1 and the lower ports of all the laval powder feeding channels are located on the inner concave surface.
The specific steps of using the multi-axis ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle to carry out laser cladding comprise:
(1) checking whether the laser generator, the water cooler, the powder feeder and the light path system are normal;
(2) assembling all parts of the multi-axis ultra-high-speed laser cladding nozzle, then installing the whole nozzle on a light path system and adjusting the fixed position;
(3) polishing the surface of a substrate of a workpiece to be processed by using abrasive paper, cleaning the substrate by using alcohol, and fixing the substrate on a workbench;
(4) selecting proper metal powder as ultrahigh-speed laser cladding material powder, drying and assembling the powder in a designated powder feeder container;
(5) adjusting the power of the laser output by the laser generator to 0.3-5Kw, and adjusting the diameter of a light beam spot of the light path system to 0.5-5 mm;
(6) adjusting the distance between the workpiece to be processed and the laser nozzle to be 5-30 mm;
(7) adjusting the powder feeding amount of the powder feeder according to the requirement;
(8) adjusting the powder feeding speed to 5-300m/s according to the requirement;
(9) opening the water cooler and starting the water cooling system;
(10) starting a powder feeder, so that laser cladding powder is fed to an inlet (namely an upper port) of a first module 4 through a powder feeding air pipe, is contracted through a contraction section, then reaches a throat, is subjected to ultrahigh acceleration to an expansion section through the throat, is converged at a laser powder convergence point formed by the powder and laser beams emitted by a laser cavity at a position 0.1-10mm above the surface of a substrate, forms a molten pool on the surface of the substrate of a workpiece to be processed under the action of laser energy, and forms a deposition layer or a block material after being rapidly cooled;
(11) and after the laser deposition is finished, closing all the devices, taking down the machined part, and performing later-stage machining.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope of the present invention, and the specific protection scope of the present invention is subject to the description of the claims. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
1. The embodiment is that laser cladding is carried out to the surface base member of colliery hydraulic support hydro-cylinder piston rod, and the diameter of piston rod is 70mm, and cladding region length is 60mm, and the material of piston rod is 27 SiMn. Polishing the surface of the piston rod by using abrasive paper, cleaning the piston rod by using alcohol, and fixing the piston rod on a lathe;
2. in the embodiment, the laser generator adopts a 2000W optical fiber output semiconductor laser of Wuhan Ruiki optical fiber laser technology GmbH, the laser power is 1800W, the laser wavelength is 1064nm, and the light path system is adjusted to enable the spot size formed by the laser beam on the surface of the piston rod to be phi 3 mm;
3. selecting imported iron-based laser cladding powder of 100-300 meshes, and putting the powder into a container of a powder feeder;
4. adjusting the laser beam to be vertical to the surface of the outer circle of the piston rod, enabling the surface distance between the laser nozzle and the piston rod to be 15mm, and adjusting the moving speed range of the laser deposition nozzle to be 25 mm/s;
5. setting a cladding path as left-to-right spiral cladding.
6. And starting a water cooler, a powder feeder and a laser, starting a set cladding path, and accelerating laser cladding powder to reach ultrahigh speed through a Laval powder feeding channel.
7. And completing laser cladding of the wire material on the surface of the piston rod after the cladding is not long.
According to the scheme of the embodiment, the thickness of the cladding layer obtained on the piston rod is 1.2mm, the obtained cladding layer is flat and smooth, the microstructure is observed through cladding layer component determination and sampling, the interior of the cladding layer is compact and free of defects, and a coating interface obtained by a traditional laser cladding nozzle has obvious cracks as shown in figure 9; the cladding coating obtained by the invention has the advantages that the cladding layer and the matrix are in metallurgical bonding, no cracks or other defects appear at the interface, the bonding is better as shown in figure 10, and the processed cladding coating completely meets the use requirement of the hydraulic support oil cylinder piston rod.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-axis ultra-high-speed laser cladding nozzle is characterized by comprising a first module (4), a second module (10) and a third module (12), wherein the first module (4), the second module (10) and the third module (12) are all revolving bodies, the second module (10) and the third module (12) are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the second module (10) is detachably connected with the upper end of the third module (12), the upper end of the second module (10) is detachably connected with a plurality of first modules (4), and the first modules (4) are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the second module (10); the upper end of the second module (10) is provided with a connector (6) at the position of the axis, the connector (6), the second module (10) and the third module (12) are provided with a laser light path channel (1) at the position of the axis, the connector (6) is sleeved with a connector (1-1) with the position capable of being adjusted up and down, and the connector (1-1) is used for being connected with a laser light path system; powder feeding channels are formed in the axis of the first module (4), the second module (10) and the third module (12), the powder feeding channels in the first module (4), the second module (10) and the third module (12) form a Laval powder feeding channel, the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the second module (10) form preset included angles, and the axes of all the Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the laser light channel (1) are intersected at one point below the third module (12); the second module (10) is provided with a cooling water inlet (5) and a cooling water outlet (18), a cooling water channel (22) is arranged inside the second module (10), and two ends of the cooling water channel are respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet (5) and the cooling water outlet (18).
2. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the connector (1-1) is cylindrical and is sleeved on the connector (6), the side wall of the connector (1-1) is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt (2), and the adjusting bolt (2) penetrates through the side wall of the connector (1-1).
3. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to the claim, wherein the connector (1-1) is provided with a shielding gas inlet (3), and the shielding gas inlet (3) is communicated with the laser light channel (1).
4. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the first module (4) is provided with a first threaded hole (21) at the axis of the first module (4), the second module (10) is provided with a first hollow external threaded section (16) matched with the first threaded hole (21) at the upper end of the powder feeding channel, and the first module (4) and the second module (10) are in threaded connection through the first threaded hole (21) and the first external threaded section (16).
5. The multi-axis ultra high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 4, wherein the powder feeding channel in the first module (4) is a contraction section (15) of a Laval powder feeding channel, the inner cavity of the first external thread section (16) is a throat part of the Laval powder feeding channel, and the powder feeding channel in the third module (12) is an expansion section of the Laval powder feeding channel.
6. The multi-axis ultra-high-speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a second external thread section (11) is arranged at an axis of a lower end of the second module (10), the second external thread section (11) is of a hollow structure, an inner cavity of the second external thread section (11) is a laser light path channel, a second threaded hole (19) is arranged at an axis of an upper end of the third module (12), and the second module (10) and the third module (12) are connected through the external thread section (11) and the second threaded hole (19).
7. The multi-axis ultra high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water channel (22) is located in a region between the laser light channel (1) and the Laval powder feeding channel.
8. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the upper end surface of the second module (10) is a convex conical surface, the lower end surface of the second module (10) is a plane, and the side surface of the second module (10) is an end conical surface; the third module (12) is in a circular truncated cone structure, and the upper end face of the third module (12) is a plane.
9. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the axes of all Laval powder feeding channels and the axis of the laser light channel (1) intersect at the vertex of the cone corresponding to the third module (12).
10. The multi-axis ultra-high speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the lower end surface of the third module (12) is a concave surface, and the laser light path channel (1) and the lower ports of all the Laval powder feeding channels are located on the concave surface.
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| US5321228A (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-06-14 | Andreas Krause | Nozzle for the surface treatment of metal workpieces |
| CN2707772Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Ring type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| CN201823642U (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-05-11 | 华东理工大学 | Laser cladding coaxial powder delivery nozzle comprising guide protective air flow |
| CN105290399A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-03 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Powder feeding mechanism |
| CN110144584A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-20 | 沈阳中科煜宸科技有限公司 | A kind of coaxial three beams powder-feeding nozzle |
| CN110331396A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-15 | 包头市三泰激光科技有限公司 | Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle |
| CN212476887U (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-02-05 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Detachable multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle |
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2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202010724495.8A patent/CN111850547B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5321228A (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-06-14 | Andreas Krause | Nozzle for the surface treatment of metal workpieces |
| CN2707772Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Ring type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| CN201823642U (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-05-11 | 华东理工大学 | Laser cladding coaxial powder delivery nozzle comprising guide protective air flow |
| CN105290399A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-03 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Powder feeding mechanism |
| CN110144584A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-20 | 沈阳中科煜宸科技有限公司 | A kind of coaxial three beams powder-feeding nozzle |
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| CN212476887U (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-02-05 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Detachable multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle |
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| CN111850547B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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