CN111372103B - Multicast method, device, equipment and computer storage medium - Google Patents

Multicast method, device, equipment and computer storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111372103B
CN111372103B CN201811605190.4A CN201811605190A CN111372103B CN 111372103 B CN111372103 B CN 111372103B CN 201811605190 A CN201811605190 A CN 201811605190A CN 111372103 B CN111372103 B CN 111372103B
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multicast
media service
service
channel
information
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CN111372103A (en
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许静
于荣国
王奎
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/128623 priority patent/WO2020135562A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/235—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26258—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for generating a list of items to be played back in a given order, e.g. playlist, or scheduling item distribution according to such list
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a multicast method, a device, equipment and a computer storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity; and according to the hot spot channel information, the current multicast service is adjusted.

Description

Multicast method, device, equipment and computer storage medium
Technical Field
Embodiments of the present invention relate to, but are not limited to, multicast technologies, and in particular, to a multicast method, apparatus, device, and computer storage medium, which can implement control of a live channel multicast service in a content delivery network (Content Delivery Network, CDN) operation mode.
Background
With the rapid development of internet technology, various terminals such as televisions, computers, mobile phones and cameras are continuously popularized, and the live broadcast platform and video application programs (APP) are strongly popularized, so that the number of network video users is rapidly increased, CDN services are rapidly developed and applied, live broadcast services are already developed into a trend and operation mode, and network bandwidth resources become the focus of competing for different services; the requirements of users on video code rate, resolution and service protocol are different due to different regional facilities, terminal types and network conditions. The real-time performance of the live service determines that the problems of network bandwidth cost and equipment capacity are still main factors restricting CDN service quality in a large-scale user mode, and multicast is generally adopted to solve the problems, so that bandwidth consumption and equipment load are reduced.
In the related art, the multicast service of the present CDN is usually preset multicast, that is, multicast is created for some live channels in advance in the CDN service system, and then the live service is provided to the user. When the user requests the live service from the CDN system, the service system directly guides the user to join the multicast group. The multicast is persistent multicast, and a CDN multicast system is difficult to dynamically start and stop the multicast according to the real play hot spot condition of a user.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a multicast method, a device, equipment and a computer storage medium, which can realize starting and stopping multicast according to the real play hot spot condition of a user.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a first multicast method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
and according to the hot spot channel information, the current multicast service is adjusted.
The embodiment of the invention provides a second multicast method, which comprises the following steps:
generating hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
And sending the hot spot channel information to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multicast device, which comprises: a first processor and a first memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the first processor is configured to execute any one of the steps of the first multicast method described above when running the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another multicast device, which comprises a second processor and a second memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the second processor is configured to execute any one of the steps of the second multicast method when running the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a multicast device, which comprises: an acquisition module and a first processing module, wherein,
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring hot spot channel information, and the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
and the first processing module is used for adjusting the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another multicast device, which comprises: a generating module and a second processing module, wherein,
the generation module is used for generating hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
and the second processing module is used for sending the hot spot channel information to the live broadcast management platform so that the live broadcast management platform can adjust the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of any one of the first multicast methods described above.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above second multicast methods.
In a multicast method, a device, equipment and a computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, hot spot channel information is obtained, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play amount; and according to the hot spot channel information, the current multicast service is adjusted. Thus, by adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the on-demand dynamic multicasting of the live channel can be realized; that is, the multicast can be started and stopped dynamically according to the real-time heat of the channel without presetting the multicast, thereby omitting the complex operation of manually setting the multicast channel and obviously improving the usability.
In another multicast method, device, equipment and computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, hot spot channel information is generated, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play amount; and sending the hot spot channel information to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information. Thus, by adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the on-demand dynamic multicasting of the live channel can be realized; that is, the multicast can be started and stopped dynamically according to the real-time heat of the channel without presetting the multicast, thereby omitting the complex operation of manually setting the multicast channel and obviously improving the usability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a media service system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a multicast method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3-1 is a schematic diagram of a procedure of requesting HLS live service by a terminal device a in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3-2 is a schematic diagram of a procedure of requesting HLS live service by a terminal device B in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing HLS channel dynamic multicast with single code rate in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of requesting DASH live service by a terminal device a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic multicast implementation process for a DASH channel with multiple code rates according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a procedure in which a terminal device a requests an MSS live service in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing dynamic multicast of a multi-rate MSS channel in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a procedure for requesting HDS live service by a terminal device A according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a multi-rate HDS channel dynamic multicast implementation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the related art, it is difficult for the CDN multicast system to dynamically start and stop multicast according to the real play hot spot situation of the user, specifically, multicast may be set for channels that do not actually need multicast, and multicast is started by all channels so that multicast equipment resource consumption is serious; in addition, when the channels support multi-rate service, one live channel can set a plurality of sub-rates, if only a part of sub-rates are selected for multicast, the on-demand multicast cannot be realized, and if all sub-rate multicast is started, the resource consumption of the equipment is doubled, so that the disadvantages are particularly remarkable.
Aiming at the problem that the live channel can not be multicast according to the demand in the related technology, the embodiment of the invention provides a technical scheme for realizing the multicast according to the demand, which can be applied to the fields of a plurality of media services in telecommunication networks such as a network television, a live platform and the like; here, the web tv may be an interactive web tv (IPTV) or the like.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has various application scenes, and can be applied to multicast services adopting OTT (Over The Top) streaming media technology, including HLS (HTTP Live Streaming), DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP), MSS (Microsoft smooth streaming), HDS (Http Dynamic Streaming) and the like, and can also be applied to multicast services adopting real-time streaming protocol (Real Time Streaming Protocol, RTSP) streaming media technology, such as IPTV; here, HTTP is an abbreviation of hypertext transfer protocol (HyperText Transfer Protocol).
The embodiment of the invention can be realized based on a media service system, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the media service system of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system can comprise a CDN multicast system, a controller and a terminal system; optionally, the system may further comprise a live source station.
As shown in fig. 1, the CDN multicast system may include a live management platform and at least one multicast device, and the terminal system may include a terminal head-end and at least one terminal device.
The CDN multicast system is responsible for converting the live code stream in a unicast form into a multicast code stream for distribution; in a CDN multicast system, a live broadcast management platform is responsible for the operation and maintenance management of a multicast channel creation deletion task and a multicast plan, and can collect hot spot channel information from a controller at fixed time and dynamically generate a multicast plan of a hot spot channel (at least one channel with the highest play amount) according to the collected hot spot channel information and send the multicast plan to multicast equipment; when a multicast channel is created or deleted, the live broadcast management platform synchronizes the latest channel distribution information to the controller in time and updates the address information of the multicast equipment where the channel is located; the multicast equipment can receive a multicast channel creation instruction of the live broadcast management platform, return a source unicast code stream (i.e. a unicast media stream shown in fig. 1) from a live broadcast source station, transcode the multicast media stream and provide multicast stream service for a terminal system; media content transfer protocols between the multicast device and the live source include, but are not limited to HLS, DASH, MSS, HDS, RTSP, real-time messaging protocol (Real Time Messaging Protocol, RTMP), and the like.
The controller can receive the heartbeat message reported by the terminal system, and record and update corresponding content locally, wherein the heartbeat message comprises equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment; the controller can receive channel distribution information sent by the CDN multicast system, and locally record and update corresponding content, wherein the channel distribution information comprises a channel Identification (ID) and a multicast equipment address where a channel is located; the controller has scheduling capability, can receive a service redirection request (also called a channel playing request) initiated by the terminal equipment, wherein the request carries a channel ID and equipment identification information of the terminal front-end equipment, and can return redirection information to the terminal equipment, and the redirection information comprises an address of the terminal front-end equipment, the channel ID and an address of a multicast equipment where the channel is located; the controller can receive media service real-time playing information reported by the terminal front-end equipment, and the media service real-time playing information comprises the IDs of the current playing channels of all the terminal equipment in the terminal system; the controller has the capability of counting hot spot channels, and periodically gathers media service real-time playing information reported by all terminal systems, calculates the hot spot channels according to the summarized media service real-time playing information and a set heat threshold; the controller can periodically or according to a hot spot channel information acquisition request of the CDN multicast system, send the latest counted hot spot channel information to the CDN multicast system, and specifically send the latest counted hot spot channel information to the live broadcast management platform; illustratively, the hotspot channel information includes a channel ID of the hotspot channel; in practical application, in order to support a large-capacity user, a plurality of controllers can be deployed in a cluster mode, and when a terminal device requests a service, the controllers are dispatched in a load balancing mode. Alternatively, the controller may be applied to each level of scheduling nodes such as a regional scheduling node, a provincial scheduling node, and the like.
The terminal systems are scattered at the network edge; in the embodiment of the invention, one terminal system can be arranged, and a plurality of terminal systems can be arranged; in the terminal system, the terminal device is usually a terminal device supporting media access and play, such as a set top box device, a mobile phone, a PAD, and the like, and the terminal device can send a service redirection request to the controller, can also send a media service request to a terminal front-end device, and can receive a unicast code stream (i.e. a unicast media stream shown in fig. 1) sent by the terminal front-end device; the terminal front-end equipment can be used as front-end component equipment capable of directly providing streaming media service for the terminal equipment, can be deployed as independent home equipment, and can also be deployed in a centralized way with set top box equipment, a user home gateway or cell broadband access equipment. The terminal front-end equipment supports a service agent and a buffer function, and can return a source multicast media stream from a CDN multicast system or return a source unicast media stream from a live broadcast source station, thereby directly providing live broadcast stream service for the terminal equipment; the terminal front-end equipment can report the real-time playing information of the media service currently played by the terminal equipment to the controller at regular time, wherein the real-time playing information comprises the ID of the current playing channel of the terminal equipment; in the embodiment of the present invention, the media transmission protocol of the terminal system interacting with the CDN multicast system or the live source station includes, but is not limited to HLS, DASH, MSS, HDS, RTSP, RTMP and the like.
Live broadcast source station: the method supports the provision of live video services for CDN multicast systems or user terminals in a unicast mode, video, audio and caption live services, HTTP mode or real-time streaming mode; media interaction protocols of the live source station and the CDN multicast system or the end system include, but are not limited to HLS, DASH, MSS, HDS, RTSP, RTMP and the like.
Based on the above description, the following examples are presented.
First embodiment
A multicast method is proposed in a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the multicast method in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the flowchart may include:
step S1: the controller generates hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current playing quantity.
For the implementation manner of this step, exemplarily, the terminal pre-device in each terminal system corresponds to one terminal device or multiple terminal devices, and the terminal pre-device in each terminal system may send the corresponding media service real-time playing information of each terminal device to the controller; after receiving the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device, the controller can generate hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device.
In the embodiment of the invention, the media service can comprise at least one of the following: video services, audio services, caption services, etc.
For the implementation manner of generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device, a heat threshold value can be determined first, where the heat threshold value is used for representing the number of parallel multicast services that can be supported by the CDN multicast system at maximum; and generating hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device and the heat threshold.
For example, when the CDN multicast system can support 10 channels of multicast services at maximum, the controller may use the 10 channel information with the highest current play amount as the hot spot channel information.
In practical application, when the terminal front-end equipment provides service for the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment can send media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment to the controller at regular time, wherein the media service real-time playing information can contain the ID of the current playing channel of the terminal equipment; the controller receives the real-time playing information of the media service of the terminal equipment sent by the terminal front-end equipment, and then locally records and updates corresponding content; the controller can collect media service real-time playing information reported by all terminal front-end equipment at fixed time, and hot spot channel information is calculated according to a set heat threshold.
Optionally, each media service corresponds to a channel, the real-time playing information of the media service includes the identification information of the currently playing channel, and correspondingly, the identification information of the media service is the identification information of the corresponding channel.
Optionally, each media service corresponds to a channel and a code rate, and the real-time playing information of the media service further includes: the identification information of the channel of the currently played media service and the channel code rate of the currently played media service; accordingly, the identification information of the media service includes: identification information of a corresponding channel and a corresponding code rate.
Step S2: and the controller sends the hot spot channel information to the live broadcast management platform.
Here, the controller may send the latest hot spot channel information to the live broadcast management platform; in one example, the live broadcast management platform may generate a hot spot channel information acquisition request, send the hot spot channel information acquisition request to the controller, and the controller may trigger sending of hot spot channel information according to the hot spot channel information acquisition request, that is, send the latest hot spot channel information to the live broadcast management platform; in another example, the controller may actively transmit the latest hot spot channel information to the live management platform according to a specific period, that is, the live management platform may periodically receive the latest hot spot channel information.
Step S3: and the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
In actual implementation, after receiving the hot spot channel information returned by the controller, the live broadcast management platform can automatically generate a multicast plan of the hot spot channel, namely a hot spot multicast plan according to a dynamic multicast algorithm, wherein key information of the multicast plan includes a channel ID, a multicast starting time, a multicast ending time, a multicast address and a port.
The implementation of generating a multicast plan is described below by way of several examples.
Example 1:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast; that is, when the hotspot channel has not yet had a multicast schedule, then the multicast schedule for that channel is automatically generated, and in one specific example, the multicast schedule duration may default to 1 hour.
For an implementation manner of creating a corresponding multicast service, illustratively, the live broadcast management platform may send a multicast creation request to the multicast device; the multicast device can perform multicast service creation according to the received multicast creation request.
In practical application, after receiving a multicast creation request issued by a live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes a multicast creation task, and can return a source unicast code stream from a live broadcast source station, transcode the multicast media stream and send the multicast media stream to a designated multicast address and port, and multicast service starts;
example 2:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast; that is, if the hot spot channel has generated a multicast schedule, it is determined whether the current multicast schedule has ended close, and if so, the schedule is modified to extend the multicast end time to achieve continuous multicast for the channel.
For the implementation manner of delaying the multicast end time of the media service in multicast, illustratively, the live broadcast management platform may send a multicast delay request to the multicast device, and the multicast device may delay the multicast end time according to the received multicast delay request.
Example 3:
when the low-heat media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
For the implementation manner of deleting the multicast service, illustratively, the live broadcast management platform may send a multicast deletion request to the multicast device; the multicast device may delete the multicast service according to the received multicast deletion request.
In practical application, after receiving the multicast deletion request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes the multicast deletion task to stop streaming to the live broadcast source station and send multicast.
As an implementation manner, the live broadcast management platform may issue a multicast service creation request to the multicast device when a multicast start time of each multicast service arrives; when the multicast end time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service deletion request is issued to the multicast equipment; when the method is implemented, the live broadcast management platform can regularly scan a hot spot multicast plan, and when the multicast starting time in the multicast plan arrives, a multicast creation request is issued to multicast equipment; when the multicast end time arrives, a multicast deletion request is issued to the multicast equipment.
It can be seen that by adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the on-demand dynamic multicast of the live channel can be realized; when the channel user quantity for providing the unicast service is large, namely the heat is high, the multicast is started for the corresponding channel, so that the user joins the multicast group to acquire the channel service, the network bandwidth and the equipment resource cost of the service side can be greatly reduced, and the cost of a service operator is reduced; when the user quantity of the channels on which the multicast is started is smaller or no user is available, namely, when the heat is low, the multicast can be additionally closed for the corresponding channels, so that the consumption of multicast equipment resources can be reduced, and the consumption of CDN multicast system equipment resources can be effectively reduced; in addition, the embodiment of the invention does not need to preset multicast, can dynamically start and stop multicast according to the real-time heat of the channel, omits the complex operation of manually setting the multicast channel, and obviously improves the usability.
As an implementation manner, in the CDN multicast system, when the first type of media service of at least one code rate of any channel belongs to the at least one media service with the highest current play amount, a corresponding multicast service is created for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel.
Here, when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
For example, when a video media service corresponding to one or more video code rates of the channel a belongs to a high-heat media service (belongs to at least one media service with the highest current play amount), multicast is started for all audio media services of the audio code rates of the channel a.
As an implementation manner, in the CDN multicast system, when the first type of media service of all code rates of any channel belongs to the low-heat media service, deleting the corresponding multicast service for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel; wherein the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
For example, when the video media service of all video code rates of the channel B belongs to the low-heat media service, the multicast is stopped for the audio media service of all audio code rates of the channel B.
As an implementation manner, when the live broadcast management platform creates or deletes the multicast service, the live broadcast management platform may send channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service to the controller; the controller can update the channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service according to the received channel distribution information.
Specifically, when a channel is created or deleted in the CDN multicast system, the live broadcast management platform may send channel distribution information of the current CDN multicast system to the controller, where the channel distribution information may include channel identification information and a multicast device address where the channel is located; after receiving the channel distribution information sent by the live broadcast management platform, the controller locally records and updates the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located.
As an implementation, the controller may also implement heartbeat message processing; specifically, the terminal front-end equipment sends a heartbeat message to the controller, wherein the heartbeat message comprises equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment; the controller may update the device identification information, the device address, and the device status of the terminal front-end device according to the received heartbeat message. For example, after the terminal front-end equipment of the terminal system is started, the terminal front-end equipment can send heartbeat messages to the controller at regular time, and after the controller receives the heartbeat messages sent by the terminal front-end equipment, the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment are recorded and updated locally.
As one implementation, the controller may also implement media service scheduling.
Specifically, the terminal device initiates a service redirection request to the controller, where the service redirection request may carry a channel ID and a device identifier of the terminal pre-device to which the terminal device belongs.
When the controller receives a service redirection request sent by the terminal equipment, the controller can send redirection information aiming at the service redirection request to the terminal equipment according to channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service, equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the front-end equipment of the terminal. In a specific example, the controller may attempt to find the multicast device address or the live source station address where the channel is located in the local record according to the channel ID in the service redirection request sent by the terminal device; meanwhile, the controller acquires the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment to which the terminal equipment initiating the request belongs from the local record according to the identification information of the terminal front-end equipment in the service redirection request; if the equipment state of the terminal pre-equipment is normal, the controller redirects the terminal equipment to the terminal pre-equipment, and the returned redirection information comprises the address of the terminal pre-equipment to which the current terminal equipment belongs, the channel ID, the multicast equipment address where the channel is located or the live broadcast source station address; if the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment is abnormal or the equipment state cannot be obtained, the controller refuses the service.
In practical applications, the controller may be implemented by a processor in combination with a memory, where the processor may be at least one of an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), a digital signal processing device (Digital Signal Processing Device, DSPD), a programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor.
The memory may be a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random access memory (random access memory); or a nonvolatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a flash Memory (flash Memory), a Hard Disk (HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD); or a combination of the above types of memories and provide instructions and data to the processor.
Further, the terminal device may also request a media service, and a procedure of requesting the media service by the terminal device will be described below.
The terminal device initiates a media service request to the terminal front-end device, where a typical media service request may carry a channel ID, an address of a multicast device where the channel is located, or an address of a live source station.
The terminal front-end equipment judges whether the corresponding channel provides multicast service according to whether the media service request of the terminal equipment contains the address information of the multicast equipment where the channel is located; if the address information of the multicast equipment where the channel is located is not contained, the terminal front-end equipment directly acquires unicast service from the live broadcast source station; if the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located is contained, a service request is initiated to the multicast equipment where the channel is located, and the service request message carries the channel ID;
the multicast equipment receives the service request of the terminal front-end equipment, returns the multicast information corresponding to the channel to the terminal front-end equipment, and the multicast information comprises the multicast address and the port corresponding to the channel.
After receiving the multicast information of the channel, the terminal front-end equipment joins the multicast group through the multicast address and the port in the multicast information, continuously receives the multicast media stream of the channel, and transcodes the multicast media stream into a unicast code stream in real time to serve the terminal equipment.
And the live broadcast source station receives the service request of the terminal front-end equipment and directly provides unicast media stream service for the terminal front-end equipment. After the terminal front-end equipment acquires the unicast media stream from the live broadcast source station, the media stream is directly returned to the terminal equipment.
Second embodiment
In order to further embody the purpose of the present invention, on the basis of the first embodiment of the present invention, the multicast method of the embodiment of the present invention is described from the perspective of a live broadcast management platform.
The multicast method according to the second embodiment of the present invention may include the steps of:
step A1: acquiring hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
step A2: and according to the hot spot channel information, the current multicast service is adjusted.
Optionally, each media service corresponds to a channel, and the identification information of the media service is the identification information of the corresponding channel.
Optionally, each media service corresponds to a channel and a code rate, and the identification information of the media service includes: identification information of a corresponding channel and a corresponding code rate.
Optionally, the hot spot channel information is obtained according to media service real-time playing information of each terminal device.
Optionally, the acquiring hot spot channel information includes:
after a hot spot channel information acquisition request is generated, acquiring hot spot channel information according to the hot spot channel information acquisition request;
alternatively, the hot spot channel information is received periodically.
Optionally, the adjusting the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information includes at least one of the following:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
when a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
Optionally, the creating the corresponding multicast service includes:
and sending a multicast creation request to multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment performs multicast service creation according to the multicast creation request, wherein the multicast creation request is used for requesting to create a corresponding multicast service for the media service which is not being subjected to multicast.
Optionally, the delaying the multicast ending time of the media service being multicast includes:
and sending a multicast delay request to the multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment delays the multicast ending time according to the multicast delay request, wherein the multicast delay request is used for requesting to delay the multicast ending time of the media service which is being subjected to multicast.
Optionally, the deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service includes:
and sending a multicast deletion request to the multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment deletes the multicast service according to the multicast deletion request, wherein the multicast deletion request is used for requesting to delete the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when the multicast starting time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service creation request is issued to the multicast equipment; when the multicast end time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service deletion request is issued to the multicast equipment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when the first type of media service of at least one code rate of any channel belongs to at least one media service with the highest current play amount, a corresponding multicast service is established for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel, and when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when the first type media service of all code rates of any channel belongs to the low-heat media service, deleting the corresponding multicast service aiming at the second type media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel; wherein the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play amount; when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
Optionally, the method further comprises: when the multicast service is created or deleted, channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service is sent to the controller, so that the controller updates the channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service.
Third embodiment
In order to further embody the purpose of the present invention, the multicast method according to the embodiment of the present invention is described from the perspective of the controller on the basis of the first embodiment of the present invention.
The multicast method according to the third embodiment of the present invention may include the steps of:
step B1: generating hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
Step B2: and sending the hot spot channel information to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
Optionally, the generating hot spot channel information includes:
and receiving the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device, and generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device.
Optionally, the generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device includes:
determining a heat threshold, wherein the heat threshold is used for representing the number of parallel multicast services which can be supported by the live broadcast management platform at maximum; and generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device and the heat threshold.
Optionally, the media service real-time playing information includes: identification information of the currently playing channel.
Optionally, the media service real-time playing information further includes: the code rate of the currently played media service.
Optionally, the method further comprises: receiving channel distribution information corresponding to a current multicast service sent by a live broadcast management platform when the multicast service is created or deleted; updating channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service according to the received channel distribution information;
The method further comprises the steps of: receiving a heartbeat message sent by a terminal front-end device, wherein the heartbeat message comprises device identification information, a device address and a device state of the terminal front-end device; and updating the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment according to the heartbeat message.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and when a service redirection request sent by a terminal device is received, according to channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service, device identification information of the terminal pre-device, a device address of the terminal pre-device and a device state of the terminal pre-device, sending redirection information aiming at the service redirection request to the terminal device.
Fourth embodiment
In order to further embody the objects of the present invention, further examples are provided on the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.
In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a single code rate channel live service of HLS protocol is taken as an example to describe how to implement the present invention.
In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a CDN multicast system, a live source station that uses HLS protocol to transmit media streams, a controller, and a terminal system used by 100 home users are provided; the CDN multicast system consists of 1 live broadcast management platform and 3 multicast devices, wherein each household is provided with 2 terminal devices, a household gateway integrated with terminal front-end devices is deployed, 200 terminal devices and 100 household gateways (namely the terminal front-end devices) are summed, and the identification information of the household gateway devices is respectively agent001 to agent100; the multicast equipment interacts with the live broadcast source station by using an HLS protocol, the CDN multicast system provides multicast service for the terminal system, and the live broadcast source station provides unicast service for the terminal system; the live source station has 50 channels with channel IDs hlscid-01 to hlscid-50, respectively.
The controller heartbeat message processing procedure may include:
step 101: after the terminal front-end equipment is started, the terminal front-end equipment sends a heartbeat message to the controller at regular time, wherein the heartbeat message carries equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment, and in the embodiment, the content of the heartbeat message is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000151
step 102: after receiving the heartbeat message sent by the terminal front-end equipment, the controller locally records and updates the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment;
the controller channel distribution information processing procedure may include:
step 201: when a multicast channel is created or updated in the CDN multicast system, the live broadcast management platform sends channel distribution information of the current CDN multicast system to the controller, where the channel distribution information includes channel identification information and a multicast device address where a channel is located, in this embodiment, the channels hlscid-01 and hlscid-03 have created multicast channels, and the content of the channel distribution information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000152
Figure BDA0001923430020000161
step 202: after receiving the channel distribution information sent by the live broadcast management platform, the controller locally records and updates the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located.
Fig. 3-1 is a schematic diagram of a procedure for requesting HLS live service by a terminal device a in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3-1, the procedure may include:
Step 301: the terminal equipment A of the home user 001 initiates an HTTP playing request of a channel hlscid-01 (namely, the hlscid-01 channel playing request in the figure 3-1) to the controller, wherein the URL in the playing request carries channel identification information hlscid-01 and equipment identification agent001 of the terminal front-end equipment; in this embodiment, the content of the play request sent by the terminal device a to the controller is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000162
step 302: the controller receives an hlscid-01 channel playing request of the terminal equipment A, and acquires a multicast equipment address where the channel hlscid-01 is located from a local record; meanwhile, acquiring the equipment state of the front-end equipment agent001 of the terminal from the local record; the device state of the terminal front-end device agent001 is normal, the controller redirects the play request of the terminal device a of the home user 001 to the terminal front-end device agent001, and the returned redirection information includes the address of the terminal front-end device agent001, the channel identification information, and the address of the multicast device where the channel hlservice-01 is located, in this embodiment, the content of the redirection information returned by the controller to the terminal device a is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000163
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based on the above steps 301 and 302, service scheduling of the controller to the terminal device a is achieved.
Step 303: the terminal equipment a re-initiates an HTTP play request of the channel hlscid-01 (i.e. re-requests hlscid-01 play in fig. 3-1) to the terminal front-end equipment agent001, where the URL carries the channel identification information hlscid-01 and the address 10.47.25.51 of the multicast equipment where the channel hlscid-01 is located.
Step 304: after receiving the play request of the terminal device a, the agent001 of the front-end device initiates a multicast information request of the channel hlservice-01 (i.e. the hlservice-01 channel multicast information request in fig. 3-1) to the 10.47.25.51 multicast device.
Step 305: the multicast device with address 10.47.25.51 returns the multicast information of channel hlscid-01 to the terminal front-end device agent 001.
Step 306: the agent001 of the terminal front-end equipment analyzes the multicast information of the channel hlscid-01, then joins the multicast group through the multicast address and the port in the multicast information, receives the multicast stream of the channel hlscid-01, and caches the media list information files hlscid-01.m3u8 and ts files to the local.
Step 307: the terminal front-end equipment agent001 returns a media list information file hlscid-01.m3u8 of hlscid-01 to the terminal equipment A; in this example, hlascid-01.m3u8 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000171
/>
Figure BDA0001923430020000181
step 308: the terminal equipment A analyzes the hlscid-01.m3u8 file, and then initiates a downloading request of the media file hlscid-01_01.Ts to the terminal front-end equipment agent 001.
Step 309: after receiving the hlascid-01_01. Ts downloading request of the terminal equipment A, the terminal front-end equipment agent001 reads hlascid-01_01. Ts from the local cache and returns the hlascid-01. Ts to the terminal equipment A.
Further, the terminal equipment A receives hlscid-01_01.Ts, sequentially downloads ts files at the back of the media list, and periodically downloads the media list information file hlscid-01. Mu.8 to acquire ts list information update, and the process is circulated to realize continuous play of media content.
Based on the above steps 303 to 309, it is achieved that the terminal device a requests the media service.
Fig. 3-2 is a schematic diagram of a procedure for requesting HLS live service by a terminal device B in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3-2, the procedure may include:
step 311: the terminal equipment B of the home user 001 initiates an HTTP playing request of a channel hlscid-02 (namely, the hlscid-02 channel playing request in fig. 3-2) to the controller, wherein the URL in the playing request carries channel identification information hlscid-02 and equipment identification agent001 of the terminal front-end equipment; the content of the service request sent by the terminal device B to the controller is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000182
step 312: the controller receives the channel hlscid-02 playing request of the terminal equipment B, and as the channel hlscid-02 playing request belongs to the home user 001 as the terminal equipment A, the terminal front-end equipment is also agent001, so that the controller redirects the playing request of the terminal equipment B to the terminal front-end equipment agent001, and as the channel hlscid-02 does not start multicast and needs to acquire unicast service to a live broadcast source station, the redirection information does not contain the multicast equipment address where the channel is located, but contains the address of the live broadcast source station, the returned redirection information contains the address of the terminal front-end equipment agent001, channel identification information and the address of the live broadcast source station, and the redirection information returned by the controller to the terminal equipment B comprises the following contents:
Figure BDA0001923430020000191
Based on the above steps 301 and 302, service scheduling of the controller to the terminal device B is achieved.
Step 313: the terminal device B re-initiates an HTTP play request of the channel hlscid-02 (i.e. re-request hlscid-02 play in fig. 3-2) to the terminal front-end device agent001, where the URL carries the channel identification information hlscid-02, and the address 10.10.10.01 of the live source station.
Step 314: after receiving the play request of the terminal device B, the agent001 of the front-end device initiates an HTTP unicast download request of the channel hlscid-02 (i.e., the hlscid-02 channel unicast information request in fig. 3-2) to the live broadcast source station with address 10.10.10.01.
Step 315: the live source station returns the media slice list information file hlscid-02.m3u8 of channel hlscid-02, in this embodiment, the content of hlscid-02.m3u8 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000192
Figure BDA0001923430020000201
step 316: after the media fragment list information file hlscid-02.m3u8 of the channel hlscid-02 is acquired by the terminal front-end equipment agent001, the hlscid-02.m3u8 file is returned to the terminal equipment B.
Step 317: the terminal equipment B analyzes the hlscid-02.m3u8 file, and then initiates a downloading request of the media file hlscid-02_01.Ts to the terminal front-end equipment agent 001;
step 318: and when the front-end equipment agent001 receives the downloading request of the terminal equipment B, the front-end equipment agent directly initiates the downloading request of the media file hlscid-02_01.Ts to the live broadcast source station.
Step 319: the live source station returns the media file hlscid-02_01.Ts to the terminal front end equipment agent001.
Step 320: after the front-end equipment agent001 acquires the media file hlscid-02_01.Ts, the media file hlscid-02_01.Ts is returned to the terminal equipment B.
Further, the terminal equipment B receives the file hlscid-02_01.Ts, sequentially downloads the ts files at the back of the media list, and periodically downloads the media list information file hlscid-02. Mu.8 to acquire the ts list information update, and the process is circulated to realize continuous play of the media content.
Based on the above steps 313 to 320, the terminal device B is enabled to request the media service.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing HLS channel dynamic multicast with single code rate according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the process may include:
step 401: the terminal front-end equipment agent001 and the terminal front-end equipment agent002 report the corresponding media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment to the controller at fixed time, wherein the real-time playing information comprises the channel ID of the playing channel of the terminal equipment a and the terminal equipment B, and in this embodiment, the content of the media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment 001 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000211
step 402: and the controller receives the real-time playing information of the media service of the terminal equipment sent by the terminal front-end equipment, and then locally records and updates the media service.
Step 403: the controller gathers the media service real-time playing information reported by all the terminal front-end devices at regular time, counts the number of terminal devices corresponding to each channel, and sorts the media service real-time playing information according to the number of terminal devices corresponding to each channel, in this embodiment, the sorting is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000212
the hot spot channel needs to be calculated by a set heat threshold; the setting of the heat threshold depends on the multicast capability of the CDN multicast system, in this embodiment, 3 pieces of multicast equipment are arranged in the CDN multicast system, and each piece of multicast equipment maximally supports 4 channels of multicast channels, so that the CDN multicast system maximally supports 12 channels of multicast channels, the heat threshold is set to 12, and the channels with the top 12 ranks of terminal equipment are hot channels; the controller records channel identification information and the like of the 12 hot spot channels to the local.
Step 404: and the live broadcast management platform regularly sends a hot spot channel information acquisition request to the controller.
Step 405: the controller reads the local storage data, and returns the hot spot channel information calculated in step 403 to the CDN multicast system, where in this embodiment, the content of the hot spot channel information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000213
Figure BDA0001923430020000221
based on the steps 401 to 405, the controller hot spot channel statistics are implemented.
Step 406: the live broadcast management platform receives hot spot channel information returned by the controller, automatically generates a multicast plan of the channel hlscid-05 according to a dynamic multicast algorithm, and generates the multicast plan of the channel hlscid-05 if multicast is not started, wherein the multicast plan starts at a time of 1 minute, and the duration is 1 hour, and the multicast address 225.0.0.1 and the multicast port 10010.
Step 407: the live broadcast management platform scans the hot spot multicast plan at regular time, and when the multicast starting time in the multicast plan arrives, a multicast creation request of a channel hlascid-05 is issued to the multicast equipment.
Step 408: after receiving the multicast creation request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes the multicast creation task with the channel identification information being hlscid-05, and transcodes the unicast code stream of the source channel hlscid-05 returned from the live broadcast source station, sends the transcoded multicast stream to the multicast address 225.0.0.1, the sending port is 10010, and the multicast service starts.
Based on the above steps 406 to 408, the multicast procedure is started based on the hot spot channel.
Further, the multicast may be stopped based on the hot spot channel, and the process of stopping the multicast based on the hot spot channel may include:
the live broadcast management platform scans the multicast plan of the channel hlscid-05 regularly, if the channel hlscid-05 is a hot spot channel, if the channel hlscid-05 is still a hot spot channel near the end time, the end time of the multicast plan is prolonged for 1 hour, and if the channel hlscid-05 is not a hot spot channel, the end time of the multicast plan is not prolonged. When the multicast plan end time is reached, a multicast deletion request of a channel hlascid-05 is issued to the multicast equipment.
After receiving the multicast deletion request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes the multicast deletion task with the channel identification information of hlscid-05, does not need to go to the live broadcast source station to pull the unicast stream, and the multicast service is ended.
Fifth embodiment
In order to further embody the objects of the present invention, further examples are provided on the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.
In a fifth embodiment of the invention, how to implement the invention is illustrated with respect to providing DASH protocol services to user terminals.
In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, a CDN multicast system, a live source station that uses a DASH protocol to transmit a media stream, a controller, and a terminal system used by 100 home users are provided; the CDN multicast system consists of 1 live broadcast management platform and 3 multicast devices, wherein each family has 2 terminal devices (terminals adopting a chrome browser), a home gateway integrated with terminal front-end devices is deployed, 200 terminal devices and 100 home gateways (namely the terminal front-end devices) are summed, and the identification information of the home gateway devices is respectively agent001 to agent100; the multicast equipment interacts with the live broadcast source station by using a DASH protocol, the CDN multicast system provides multicast service for the terminal system, and the live broadcast source station provides unicast service for the terminal system; the live broadcast source station has 10 channels, the channel IDs are dashcid-01 to dashcid-10 respectively, the media content of each channel is video and audio double tracks, the video track has 3 seed code rates of 1024000, 2048000 and 3072000 respectively, and the audio track has 2 code rates of 160000 and 320000 respectively.
The controller heartbeat message processing procedure may include:
step 501: after the terminal front-end equipment is started, the terminal front-end equipment sends a heartbeat message to the controller at regular time, wherein the heartbeat message carries equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment, and in the embodiment, the content of the heartbeat message is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000231
step 502: after receiving the heartbeat message sent by the terminal front-end equipment, the controller locally records and updates the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment.
The controller channel distribution information processing process comprises the following steps:
step 601: when a multicast channel is created or updated in the CDN multicast system, the live broadcast management platform sends channel distribution information of the current CDN multicast system to the controller, where the channel distribution information includes channel identification information and a multicast device address where a channel is located, in this embodiment, some subcode rates of channels dashcid-01 and dashcid-03 have already created a multicast channel, and the content of the channel distribution information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000241
step 602: after receiving the channel distribution information sent by the live broadcast management platform, the controller locally records and updates the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of requesting DASH live service by a terminal device a in an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 5, the process may include:
step 701: the terminal device a of the home user 001 initiates an HTTP play request of the channel dashcid-01 (i.e. the channel play request in fig. 5) to the controller, where the URL in the play request carries the channel identification information dashcid-01 and the device identification agent001 of the terminal front-end device to which the URL belongs, and in this embodiment, the content of the play request sent by the terminal device to the controller is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000242
step 702: the controller acquires the multicast equipment address where the channel dashcid-01 is located from the local record; meanwhile, acquiring the equipment state of the front-end equipment agent001 of the terminal from the local record; the device state of the terminal front-end device agent001 is normal, the controller redirects the terminal device a of the home user 001 to the terminal front-end device agent001, and the returned redirection information includes the address of the terminal front-end device agent001, the channel identification information, and the address of the multicast device where the channel dashcid-01 is located, in this embodiment, the content of the redirection information returned by the controller to the terminal device is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000251
based on the steps 701 and 702, service scheduling of the controller to the terminal device a is achieved.
Step 703: the terminal device a re-initiates an HTTP play request (i.e. re-requests the play service in fig. 5) of the channel dashcid-01 to the terminal front-end device agent001, where the URL carries the channel identification information dashcid-01 and the address 10.47.25.51 of the multicast device where the channel dashcid-01 is located.
Step 704: after receiving the play request of the terminal device a, the agent001 of the front-end device initiates a code rate list manifest.
Step 705: the multicast device returns the manifest file and the multicast information, and the local recording and updating are performed in the terminal device.
Step 706: and returning the manifest file to the terminal device A after the manifest file of the code rate list manifest file of the channel dashcid-01 acquired by the terminal front-end device agent 001.
Step 707: the terminal device a selects one video sub-code rate 2048000 and one audio sub-code rate 160000 according to its own policy, and initiates a service request of the video sub-code rate 2048000 and the audio sub-code rate 160000 to the terminal front-end agent 001.
Step 708: the agent001 of the terminal pre-device acquires the multicast information of the video subcode rate 2048000 from the local record, then joins the multicast group through the multicast address and the port in the multicast information, receives the multicast stream of the video subcode rate 2048000, and transcodes the multicast stream into a unicast code stream to serve the terminal device A; if the local record does not find the multicast information of the video sub-code rate 2048000, directly initiating a service request of the video sub-code rate 2048000 to the live source station, and returning a source unicast media stream from the live source station (not shown in fig. 5); in this step, the processing flow of the audio subcode rate 160000 is the same as that of the video subcode rate 2048000, and thus, will not be described in detail.
Step 709: after the agent001 of the end pre-device acquires the media stream, the media stream is returned to the terminal device A; if the front-end equipment agent001 has a local buffer memory of video sub-code rate 2048000 and audio sub-code rate 160000 of channel dashcid-01, the local buffer memory is directly read and then the service is provided for the terminal equipment A.
Based on the above steps 703 to 709, it is achieved that the terminal device a requests a media service.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing dynamic multicast of a DASH channel with multiple code rates according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the process may include:
step 801: the terminal front-end equipment agent001 and the terminal front-end equipment agent002 report the corresponding media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment to the controller at fixed time, wherein the real-time playing information comprises channel identification information and video code rate of the channels being played by the terminal equipment A and the terminal equipment B; in this embodiment, the content of the media service real-time playing information of the two terminal devices in the terminal system 001 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000261
step 802: and the controller receives the real-time playing information of the media service of the terminal equipment sent by the terminal front-end equipment, and then locally records and updates the media service.
Step 803: the controller collects media service real-time playing information reported by all the terminal front-end devices at regular time, counts the number of terminal devices corresponding to each video sub-code rate of each channel, and sorts the terminal devices according to the number of terminal devices corresponding to each video sub-code rate of the channel, in this embodiment, the sorting is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000262
The hot spot video code rate is calculated according to the set heat threshold. The setting of the heat threshold depends on the multicast capability of the CDN multicast system, in this embodiment, 3 pieces of multicast equipment are arranged in the CDN multicast system, and each piece of multicast equipment maximally supports 4 channels of multicast channels, so that the system maximally supports 12 channels of multicast channels, the heat threshold is set to 12, and the video sub-code rate of the channel with the top 12 of the ranking number of terminal equipment is the hot spot video code rate; the controller records the channel identification information, code rate values and the like of the 12 hot spot video code rates to the local.
Step 804: and the live broadcast management platform regularly sends a hot spot video code rate information acquisition request to the controller.
Step 805: the controller reads the local storage data, returns the hot spot video code rate information calculated in step 803 to the CDN multicast system, and in this embodiment, the content of the hot spot video code rate information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000271
based on the above steps 801 to 805, the controller hot spot channel statistics are implemented.
Step 806: the live broadcast management platform receives the hot spot video code rate information returned by the controller, automatically generates a video sub-code rate 2048000 of a channel dashcid-05 and a multicast plan of other hot spot video code rates according to a dynamic multicast algorithm, and generates a multicast plan of the code rate if the sub-code rate 2048000 of the channel dashcid-05 is not started, wherein the multicast plan is 1 minute later in starting time, and the time length is 1 hour later, a multicast address 225.0.0.1 and a multicast port 10010; when one or more video code rates in a channel become hot spot code rates, all audio code rates of the channel start multicast, when all video code rates of the channel become non-hot spots, the audio code rates stop multicast, after the video code rate 2048000 of the channel dashcid-05 starts multicast, the audio code rates 160000 and 320000 also simultaneously generate a multicast plan, the multicast starting and ending moments are consistent with the video code rates, and multicast addresses and ports need to be additionally allocated.
Step 807: the live broadcast management platform scans the hot spot multicast plan at regular time, and when the multicast starting time in the multicast plan arrives, a multicast creation request of channel video sub-code rate 2048000, audio sub-code rates 160000 and 320000 is issued to the multicast equipment.
Step 808: after receiving the multicast creation request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes the multicast creation task of video sub-code rate 2048000, audio sub-code rate 160000 and 320000 with channel identification information dashcid-05, and the unicast code streams of source video sub-code rate 2048000, audio sub-code rate 160000 and 320000 are returned from the live broadcast source station, transcoded into multicast streams and sent to multicast addresses and ports corresponding to each code rate, and multicast service starts.
Based on the steps 806 to 808, the multicast process is started based on the hot spot channel.
Sixth embodiment
In order to further embody the objects of the present invention, further examples are provided on the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.
In a sixth embodiment of the present invention, how to implement the present invention is described with reference to providing MSS protocol services to a user terminal.
In a sixth embodiment of the present invention, a CDN multicast system, a live source station that uses an MSS protocol to transmit a media stream, a controller, and a terminal system used by 100 home users are provided; the CDN multicast system consists of 1 live broadcast management platform and 3 multicast devices, wherein each family is provided with 2 terminal devices (terminals adopting IE browsers), a family gateway integrated with terminal front-end devices is deployed, the total number of the terminal devices is 200, the total number of the family gateways (namely the terminal front-end devices) is 100, and the identification information of the family gateway devices is respectively agent001 to agent100; the multicast equipment interacts with the live broadcast source station by using an MSS protocol, the CDN multicast system provides multicast service for the terminal system, and the live broadcast source station provides unicast service for the terminal system; the live source station has 10 channels, the channel IDs are msscid-01 to msscid-10 respectively, the media content of each channel is video and audio double tracks, the video tracks have 3 seed code rates of 1024000, 2048000 and 3072000 respectively, and the audio tracks have 2 code rates of 160000 and 320000 respectively.
The processing procedure of the heartbeat message of the controller:
step 901: after the terminal front-end equipment is started, the terminal front-end equipment sends a heartbeat message to the controller at regular time, wherein the heartbeat message carries equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment, and in the embodiment, the content of the heartbeat message is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000291
step 902: after receiving the heartbeat message sent by the terminal front-end equipment, the controller locally records and updates the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment.
The controller channel distribution information processing process comprises the following steps:
step 1001: when a multicast channel is created or updated in the CDN multicast system, the live broadcast management platform sends channel distribution information of the current CDN multicast system to the controller, where the channel distribution information includes channel identification information and a multicast device address where a channel is located, in this embodiment, some subcode rates of channels msscid-01 and msscid-03 have created a multicast channel, and the content of the channel distribution information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000292
step 1002: after receiving the channel distribution information sent by the live broadcast management platform, the controller locally records and updates the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a procedure for requesting an MSS live service by a terminal a according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the procedure may include:
Step 1101: the terminal device a of the home user 001 initiates an HTTP play request of the channel msscid-01 (i.e. the channel play request in fig. 7) to the controller, where the URL in the play request carries the channel identification information msscid-01 and the device identification agent001 of the terminal front-end device to which the URL belongs, and in this embodiment, the content of the play request sent by the terminal device to the controller is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000301
step 1102: the controller acquires the multicast equipment address where the channel msscid-01 is located from the local record; meanwhile, acquiring the equipment state of the front-end equipment agent001 of the terminal from the local record; the device state of the terminal front-end device agent001 is normal, the controller redirects the terminal device a of the home user 001 to the terminal front-end device agent001, and the returned redirection information includes the address of the terminal front-end device agent001, the channel identification information, and the address of the multicast device where the channel msscid-01 is located, in this embodiment, the content of the redirection information returned by the controller to the terminal device is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000302
based on the steps 1101 and 1102, service scheduling of the controller to the terminal device a is implemented
Step 1103: the terminal device a re-initiates an HTTP play request (i.e. re-request play service in fig. 7) of the channel msscid-01 to the terminal front-end device agent001, where the URL carries the channel identification information dashcid-01 and the address 10.47.25.51 of the multicast device where the channel msscid-01 is located.
Step 1104: after receiving the play request of the terminal equipment A, the terminal front-end equipment agent001 initiates a code rate list manifest file downloading request of the HTTP channel msscid-01 to the multicast equipment with the address of 10.47.25.51.
Step 1105: the multicast device returns the manifest file and the multicast information, and the local recording and updating are performed in the terminal device.
Step 1106: and returning the manifest file to the terminal equipment A after the manifest file of the code rate list of the channel msscid-01 acquired by the terminal front-end equipment agent 001.
Step 1107: the terminal device a selects one video sub-code rate 2048000 and one audio sub-code rate 160000 according to its own policy, and initiates a service request of the video sub-code rate 2048000 and the audio sub-code rate 160000 to the terminal front-end agent 001.
Step 1108: the agent001 of the terminal pre-device acquires the multicast information of the video subcode rate 2048000 from the local record, then joins the multicast group through the multicast address and the port in the multicast information, receives the multicast stream of the video subcode rate 2048000, and transcodes the multicast stream into a unicast code stream to serve the terminal device A; if the local record does not find the multicast information of the video sub-code rate 2048000, directly initiating a service request of the video sub-code rate 2048000 to the live source station, and returning a source unicast media stream from the live source station (not shown in fig. 7); in this step, the processing flow of the audio subcode rate 160000 is the same as that of the video subcode rate 2048000, and thus, will not be described in detail.
Step 1109: after acquiring the media stream, the terminal front-end equipment agent001 returns the media stream to the terminal equipment A; if the front-end equipment agent001 locally has the cache of the video sub-code rate 2048000 and the audio sub-code rate 160000 of the channel msscid-01, the service is provided for the terminal equipment A after the local cache is directly read.
Based on the above steps 1103 to 1109, it is achieved that the terminal device a requests a media service.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing dynamic multicast of a multi-rate MSS channel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the process may include:
step 1201: the terminal front-end equipment agent001 and the terminal front-end equipment agent002 report the corresponding media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment to the controller at fixed time, wherein the real-time playing information comprises channel identification information and video code rate of the channels being played by the terminal equipment A and the terminal equipment B; in this embodiment, the content of the media service real-time playing information of the two terminal devices in the terminal system 001 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000311
step 1202: and the controller receives the real-time playing information of the media service of the terminal equipment sent by the terminal front-end equipment, and then locally records and updates the media service.
Step 1203: the controller collects media service real-time playing information reported by all the terminal front-end devices at regular time, counts the number of terminal devices corresponding to each video sub-code rate of each channel, and sorts the terminal devices according to the number of terminal devices corresponding to each video sub-code rate of the channel, in this embodiment, the sorting is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000321
The hot spot video code rate is calculated according to the set heat threshold. The setting of the heat threshold depends on the multicast capability of the CDN multicast system, in this embodiment, 3 pieces of multicast equipment are provided in the CDN multicast system, and each piece of multicast equipment maximally supports 4 channels of multicast channels, so that the system maximally supports 12 channels of multicast channels, the heat threshold is set to 12, and the channel video sub-code rate of the terminal device number ranking top12 is the hot spot video code rate. The controller records the channel identification information, code rate values and the like of the 12 hot spot video code rates to the local.
Step 1204: and the live broadcast management platform regularly sends a hot spot video code rate information acquisition request to the controller.
Step 1205: the controller reads the local storage data, and returns the hot spot video code rate information calculated in the step 1203 to the CDN multicast system, where in this embodiment, the content of the hot spot video code rate information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000322
based on the above steps 801 to 805, the controller hot spot channel statistics are implemented.
Step 1206: the live broadcast management platform receives the hot spot video code rate information returned by the controller, automatically generates a multicast plan of the video sub-code rate 2048000 of the channel msscid-05 and other hot spot video code rates according to a dynamic multicast algorithm, and generates a multicast plan of the code rate if the sub-code rate 2048000 of the channel msscid-05 is not started, wherein the multicast plan is 1 minute later in starting time, and the time length is 1 hour later, and the multicast address 225.0.0.1 and the multicast port 10010 are provided; when one or more video code rates in a channel become hot spot code rates, all audio code rates of the channel start multicast, when all video code rates of the channel become non-hot spots, the audio code rates stop multicast, after the video code rate 2048000 of the channel dashcid-05 starts multicast, the audio code rates 160000 and 320000 also simultaneously generate a multicast plan, the multicast starting and ending moments are consistent with the video code rates, and multicast addresses and ports need to be additionally allocated;
Step 1207: the live broadcast management platform scans the hot spot multicast plan at regular time, and when the multicast starting time in the multicast plan arrives, issues a multicast channel creation request of channel video sub-code rate 2048000, audio sub-code rates 160000 and 320000 to the multicast equipment.
Step 1208: after receiving the multicast creation request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast equipment executes the multicast channel creation task of which the channel identification information is the video sub-code rate 2048000, the audio sub-code rate 160000 and 320000 of msscid-05, and the unicast code streams of the source video sub-code rate 2048000, the audio sub-code rate 160000 and 320000 are returned from the live broadcast source station, transcoded into multicast streams and sent to multicast addresses and ports corresponding to the code rates, and multicast service starts.
Seventh embodiment
In order to further embody the objects of the present invention, further examples are provided on the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.
In a seventh embodiment of the invention, how to implement the invention is illustrated with respect to providing HDS protocol services to a user terminal.
In a seventh embodiment of the present invention, a CDN multicast system, a live source station that uses an HDS protocol to transmit a media stream, a controller, and a terminal system used by 100 home users are provided; the CDN multicast system consists of 1 live broadcast management platform and 3 multicast devices, wherein each family has 2 terminal devices (terminals adopting a chrome browser), a home gateway integrated with terminal front-end devices is deployed, 200 terminal devices and 100 home gateways (namely the terminal front-end devices) are summed, and the identification information of the home gateway devices is respectively agent001 to agent100; the multicast equipment interacts with the live broadcast source station by using an HDS protocol, the CDN multicast system provides multicast service for the terminal system, and the live broadcast source station provides unicast service for the terminal system; the live broadcast source station has 10 channels, the channel IDs are hdscid-01 to hdscid-10 respectively, each channel has 3 seed code rates, and the audio and video are on track 1024000, 2048000 and 3072000 respectively.
The controller heartbeat message processing procedure may include:
step 1301: after the terminal front-end equipment is started, the terminal front-end equipment sends a heartbeat message to the controller at regular time, wherein the heartbeat message carries equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment, and in the embodiment, the content of the heartbeat message is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000341
step 1302: after receiving the heartbeat message sent by the terminal front-end equipment, the controller locally records and updates the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment.
The controller channel distribution information processing process comprises the following steps:
step 1401: when a multicast channel is created or updated in the CDN multicast system, the live broadcast management platform sends channel distribution information of the current CDN multicast system to the controller, where the channel distribution information includes channel identification information and a multicast device address where a channel is located, in this embodiment, some sub-code rates of the channels hdscid-01 and hdscid-03 have created a multicast channel, and the content of the channel distribution information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000342
step 1402: after receiving the channel distribution information sent by the live broadcast management platform, the controller locally records and updates the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a process of requesting an HDS live service by a terminal device a according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the process may include:
step 1501: the terminal device a of the home user 001 initiates an HTTP play request of the channel hdscid-01 (i.e. the channel play request in fig. 9) to the controller, where the URL in the play request carries the channel identification information hdscid-01 and the device identification agent001 of the terminal front-end device to which the URL belongs, and in this embodiment, the content of the service request sent by the terminal device to the controller is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000351
step 1502: the controller obtains the multicast equipment address where the channel hdscid-01 is located from the local record; meanwhile, acquiring the equipment state of the front-end equipment agent001 of the terminal from the local record; the device state of the terminal front-end device agent001 is normal, the controller redirects the terminal device a of the home user 001 to the terminal front-end device agent001, and the returned redirection information includes the address of the terminal front-end device agent001, the channel identification information, and the address of the multicast device where the channel hddcid-01 is located, in this embodiment, the content of the redirection information returned by the controller to the terminal device is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000352
based on the above steps 1501 and 1502, service scheduling of the controller to the terminal device a is achieved.
Step 1503: the terminal device a re-initiates an HTTP play request (i.e. re-request play service in fig. 9) of the channel hdscid-01 to the terminal front-end device agent001, where the URL carries the channel identification information hdscid-01 and the address 10.47.25.51 of the multicast device where the channel hdscid-01 is located.
Step 1504: after receiving the play request of the terminal device a, the agent001 of the terminal front-end device initiates a code rate list manifest file downloading request of the HTTP channel hdscid-01 to the multicast device with the address of 10.47.25.51.
Step 1505: the multicast device returns the manifest file and the multicast information, and the local recording and updating are performed in the terminal device.
Step 1506: and returning the manifest file to the terminal equipment A after the terminal front-end equipment agent001 acquires the bitrate list manifest file of the channel hdscid-01.
Step 1507: the terminal device a selects one sub-code rate 2048000 according to its own policy, and initiates a service request of sub-code rate 2048000 (i.e., sub-code rate service request in fig. 9) to the terminal front-end device agent 001.
Step 1508: the agent001 of the terminal pre-device acquires the multicast information of the subcode rate 2048000 from the local record, then joins the multicast group through the multicast address and the port in the multicast information, receives the multicast stream of the subcode rate 2048000, and transcodes the multicast stream into a unicast stream to serve the terminal device A; if the local record does not find the multicast information of the sub-code rate 2048000, a service request of the sub-code rate 2048000 is directly initiated to the live source station, and the source unicast media stream is returned from the live source station.
Step 1509: after acquiring the media stream, the terminal front-end equipment agent001 returns the media stream to the terminal equipment A; if the front-end equipment agent001 locally has a cache of the request service subcode rate 2048000, directly reading the local cache and providing service for the terminal equipment A;
based on the above steps 1503 to 1509, it is achieved that the terminal device a requests the media service.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing dynamic multicast of multi-rate HDS channels according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, where the process may include:
step 1601: the terminal front-end equipment agent001 and the terminal front-end equipment agent002 report the corresponding media service real-time playing information of the terminal equipment to the controller at fixed time, wherein the real-time playing information comprises channel identification information and video code rate of the channels being played by the terminal equipment A and the terminal equipment B; in this embodiment, the content of the media service real-time playing information of the two terminal devices in the terminal system 001 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000361
Figure BDA0001923430020000371
step 1602: and the controller receives the real-time playing information of the media service of the terminal equipment sent by the terminal front-end equipment, and then locally records and updates the media service.
Step 1603: the controller collects media service real-time playing information reported by all terminal front-end devices at regular time, counts the number of terminal devices corresponding to each subcode rate of each channel, and sorts the terminal devices according to the number of terminal devices of each code rate of the channel, in this embodiment, the sorting is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000372
The hot spot code rate is calculated according to the set heat threshold. The setting of the heat threshold depends on the multicast capability of the CDN multicast system, in this embodiment, 3 pieces of multicast equipment are provided in the CDN multicast system, and each piece of multicast equipment maximally supports 4 channels, so that the system maximally supports 12 channels, the heat threshold is set to 12, and the channel sub-code rate of the terminal device number ranking top12 is the hot spot code rate. The controller records the channel marks, code rate values and the like of the 12 hot spot code rates to the local;
step 1604: and the live broadcast management platform regularly sends a hot spot code rate information acquisition request to the controller.
Step 1605: the controller reads the local storage data, and returns the hot spot video code rate information calculated in step 1603 to the CDN multicast system, where in this embodiment, the content of the hot spot video code rate information is as follows:
Figure BDA0001923430020000373
Figure BDA0001923430020000381
based on the above steps 1601 to 1605, the controller hot spot channel statistics are implemented.
Step 1606: the live broadcast management platform receives the hot spot code rate information returned by the controller, automatically generates a multicast plan of the subcode rate 2048000 of the channel hdscid-05 and other hot spot code rates according to a dynamic multicast algorithm, and generates a multicast plan of the code rate if the subcode rate 2048000 of the channel hdscid-05 is not started in the real-time example, wherein the multicast plan is 1 minute after the starting time of the multicast plan, and has a duration of 1 hour, a multicast address 225.0.0.1 and a multicast port 10010.
Step 1607: the live broadcast management platform scans the hot spot multicast plan at regular time, and when the multicast starting time in the multicast plan arrives, issues a multicast creation request of a channel sub-code rate 2048000 to the multicast equipment.
Step 1608: after receiving the multicast creation request issued by the live broadcast management platform, the multicast device executes the multicast creation task with the channel identification information of the subcode rate 2048000 of hdscid-05, and the unicast code stream with the source subcode rate 2048000 is returned from the live broadcast source station, transcoded and sent to the multicast address 225.0.0.1, the sending port is 10010, and the multicast service starts.
Eighth embodiment
On the basis of the multicast method proposed by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, an eighth embodiment of the present invention proposes a multicast device, which may be applied to a live broadcast management platform.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, where the device includes: an acquisition module 1101, and a first processing module 1102, wherein,
an obtaining module 1101, configured to obtain hot spot channel information, where the hot spot channel information includes identification information of at least one media service with a highest current play amount;
the first processing module 1102 is configured to adjust a current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
In an embodiment, each media service corresponds to a channel, and the identification information of the media service is the identification information of the corresponding channel.
In one embodiment, each media service corresponds to a channel and a code rate, and the identification information of the media service includes: identification information of a corresponding channel and a corresponding code rate.
In an embodiment, the hot spot channel information is obtained according to real-time playing information of media services of each terminal device.
In an embodiment, the obtaining module 1101 is configured to, after generating a hot spot channel information collection request, collect hot spot channel information according to the hot spot channel information collection request; alternatively, the hot spot channel information is received periodically.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
When a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is specifically configured to send a multicast creation request to a multicast device, so that the multicast device performs multicast service creation according to the multicast creation request, where the multicast creation request is used to request to create a corresponding multicast service for the media service that is not being multicast.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is specifically configured to send a multicast deferral request to a multicast device, so that the multicast device delays a multicast end time according to the multicast deferral request, where the multicast deferral request is used to request to delay a multicast end time of the media service that is being multicast.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is specifically configured to send a multicast deletion request to a multicast device, so that the multicast device deletes a multicast service according to the multicast deletion request, where the multicast deletion request is used to request to delete a multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is further configured to issue a multicast service creation request to the multicast device when a multicast start time of each multicast service arrives; when the multicast end time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service deletion request is issued to the multicast equipment.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is further configured to create, when a first type of media service with at least one code rate of any channel belongs to the at least one media service with the highest current play amount, a corresponding multicast service for second type of media services with all code rates of corresponding channels, where the first type of media service is a video media service and the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is further configured to delete the corresponding multicast service for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel when the first type of media service of all code rates of any channel belongs to the low-heat media service; wherein the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play amount; when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
In an embodiment, the first processing module 1102 is further configured to send channel distribution information corresponding to a current multicast service to a controller when the multicast service is created or deleted, so that the controller updates the channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service.
In practical applications, the obtaining module 1101 and the first processing module 1102 may be implemented by a CPU, a microprocessor (Micro Processor Unit, MPU), a DSP, or an FPGA in the live broadcast management platform.
In addition, each functional module in the present embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional modules, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, if not sold or used as separate products, and based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present embodiment may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or processor to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the present embodiment. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Specifically, the computer program instructions corresponding to one multicast method in the present embodiment may be stored on a storage medium such as an optical disc, a hard disc, or a usb disc, and when the computer program instructions corresponding to one multicast method in the storage medium are read or executed by an electronic device, the steps of any one multicast method in the foregoing second embodiment are implemented.
Based on the same technical concept as the foregoing embodiments, referring to fig. 12, there is shown a multicast device 120 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the device may include: a first memory 121 and a first processor 122; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the first memory 121 is used for storing computer programs and data;
the first processor 122 is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of any one of the multicast methods of the foregoing second embodiment.
In practical applications, the first memory 121 may be a volatile memory, such as a RAM; or a nonvolatile memory such as ROM, flash memory, HDD or SSD; or a combination of the above types of memories and provides instructions and data to the first processor 122.
The first processor 122 may be at least one of ASIC, DSP, DSPD, PLD, FPGA, CPU, a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor. It will be appreciated that the electronic device for implementing the above-described first processor function may be other for different apparatuses, and embodiments of the present invention are not specifically limited.
Ninth embodiment
On the basis of the multicast method proposed by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, a ninth embodiment of the present invention proposes a multicast device that can be applied to a controller.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another multicast device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 13, where the device includes: a generation module 1301 and a second processing module 1302, wherein,
a generating module 1301, configured to generate hot spot channel information, where the hot spot channel information includes identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play amount;
the second processing module 1302 is configured to send the hot spot channel information to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts a current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information.
In an embodiment, the second processing module 1301 is specifically configured to receive real-time playing information of a media service of each terminal device, and generate the hot spot channel information according to the real-time playing information of the media service of each terminal device.
In an embodiment, the second processing module 1301 is specifically configured to determine a heat threshold, where the heat threshold is used to represent a number of paths of the parallel multicast service that can be supported by the live broadcast management platform at maximum; and generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device and the heat threshold.
In one embodiment, the media service real-time playing information includes: identification information of the currently playing channel.
In an embodiment, the media service real-time playing information further includes: the code rate of the currently played media service.
In an embodiment, the second processing module 1301 is further configured to send channel distribution information corresponding to a current multicast service when receiving the multicast service created or deleted by the live broadcast management platform; updating channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service according to the received channel distribution information;
receiving a heartbeat message sent by a terminal front-end device, wherein the heartbeat message comprises device identification information, a device address and a device state of the terminal front-end device; and updating the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment according to the heartbeat message.
In an embodiment, the second processing module 1301 is further configured to, when receiving a service redirection request sent by a terminal device, send redirection information for the service redirection request to the terminal device according to channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service, device identification information of the terminal front-end device, a device address of the terminal front-end device, and a device state of the terminal front-end device.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a controller, and fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the controller according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, where the controller may include: the system comprises a heartbeat message receiving module, a channel distribution information receiving module, a real-time playing information receiving module, a hot spot channel statistics module, a hot spot channel information sending module and a scheduling module,
the heartbeat message receiving module is used for receiving the heartbeat message reported by the terminal system, and locally recording and updating the heartbeat message, wherein the heartbeat message comprises equipment identification information, equipment address and equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment;
the channel distribution information receiving module is used for receiving the channel distribution information synchronized by the CDN multicast system, and locally recording and updating the channel distribution information, wherein the channel distribution information comprises a channel ID and a multicast equipment address where the channel is located;
the real-time playing information receiving module is used for receiving the real-time playing information of the media service reported by the terminal system, and recording and updating the real-time playing information locally, wherein the real-time playing information of the media service comprises the ID of the current playing channel of the terminal equipment;
the hot spot channel statistics module is used for summarizing the media service real-time playing information of all the terminal devices, calculating hot spot channels according to the set heat threshold value and recording the hot spot channels to the local;
The hot spot channel information sending module is used for sending hot spot channel information to the CDN multicast system, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises the channel ID of a hot spot channel; in actual implementation, when a hotspot channel information acquisition request of the CDN multicast system is received, the transmission of the hotspot channel information is triggered, and the hotspot channel information can be actively transmitted to the CDN multicast system according to a specific period;
the scheduling module is used for receiving a service redirection request initiated by the terminal equipment, wherein the service redirection request carries a channel ID and identification information of the terminal front-end equipment to which the service redirection request belongs. The scheduling module acquires a multicast equipment address where a channel is located in a local record according to a channel ID in a live broadcast service request sent by a terminal equipment; and meanwhile, according to the identification information in the service redirection request, acquiring the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment to which the terminal equipment initiating the request belongs from the local record. If the equipment state of the terminal pre-equipment is normal, redirecting the terminal equipment to the terminal pre-equipment, wherein the returned redirection information comprises the address of the terminal pre-equipment to which the current terminal equipment belongs, the channel ID and the address of the multicast equipment where the channel is located; if the device state of the terminal front-end device is abnormal, no service is provided.
In practical applications, the generating module 1301, the second processing module 1302, the heartbeat message receiving module, the channel distribution information receiving module, the real-time playing information receiving module, the hot spot channel statistics module, the hot spot channel information sending module, and the scheduling module may be implemented by CPU, MPU, DSP in the controller, or an FPGA, etc.
In addition, each functional module in the present embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional modules, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, if not sold or used as separate products, and based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present embodiment may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or processor to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the present embodiment. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Specifically, the computer program instructions corresponding to one multicast method in the present embodiment may be stored on a storage medium such as an optical disc, a hard disc, or a usb disc, and when the computer program instructions corresponding to one multicast method in the storage medium are read or executed by an electronic device, the steps of any one multicast method in the foregoing third embodiment are implemented.
Based on the same technical concept as the foregoing embodiments, referring to fig. 12, another multicast device 150 provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: a second memory 151 and a second processor 152; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the second memory 151 is used for storing computer programs and data;
the second processor 152 is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of any one of the multicast methods of the foregoing third embodiment.
In practical applications, the second memory 151 may be a volatile memory, such as a RAM; or a nonvolatile memory such as ROM, flash memory, HDD or SSD; or a combination of the above types of memories and provides instructions and data to the second processor 152.
The second processor 152 may be at least one of ASIC, DSP, DSPD, PLD, FPGA, CPU, a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor. It will be appreciated that the electronic device for implementing the above-described second processor function may be other for different apparatuses, and embodiments of the present invention are not specifically limited.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. A method of multicasting, the method comprising:
acquiring hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
According to the hot spot channel information, the current multicast service is adjusted;
wherein, each media service corresponds to a channel and a code rate, and the identification information of the media service comprises: identification information of a corresponding channel and a corresponding code rate; the method further comprises the steps of:
when the first type of media service of at least one code rate of any channel belongs to at least one media service with the highest current play amount, a corresponding multicast service is established for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel, and when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service;
and adjusting the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information, wherein the current multicast service comprises at least one of the following steps:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
When a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein each media service corresponds to a channel, and the identification information of the media service is identification information of the corresponding channel.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hot spot channel information is derived from the media service real-time play information of each terminal device.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acquiring hot spot channel information comprises:
after a hot spot channel information acquisition request is generated, acquiring hot spot channel information according to the hot spot channel information acquisition request;
alternatively, the hot spot channel information is received periodically.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the corresponding multicast service comprises:
and sending a multicast creation request to multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment performs multicast service creation according to the multicast creation request, wherein the multicast creation request is used for requesting to create a corresponding multicast service for the media service which is not being subjected to multicast.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said delaying the multicast end time of the multicast-ongoing media service comprises:
and sending a multicast delay request to the multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment delays the multicast ending time according to the multicast delay request, wherein the multicast delay request is used for requesting to delay the multicast ending time of the media service which is being subjected to multicast.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service comprises:
and sending a multicast deletion request to the multicast equipment, so that the multicast equipment deletes the multicast service according to the multicast deletion request, wherein the multicast deletion request is used for requesting to delete the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat media service.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
when the multicast starting time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service creation request is issued to the multicast equipment; when the multicast end time of each multicast service arrives, a multicast service deletion request is issued to the multicast equipment.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
When the first type media service of all code rates of any channel belongs to the low-heat media service, deleting the corresponding multicast service aiming at the second type media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel; wherein the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play amount; when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service.
10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
when the multicast service is created or deleted, channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service is sent to the controller, so that the controller updates the channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service.
11. A method of multicasting, the method comprising:
generating hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
the hot spot channel information is sent to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information;
The method further comprises the steps of: receiving a heartbeat message sent by a terminal front-end device, wherein the heartbeat message comprises device identification information, a device address and a device state of the terminal front-end device; updating the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment according to the heartbeat message;
wherein, the adjusting the current multicast service includes at least one of the following:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
when a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein generating hot spot channel information comprises:
and receiving the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device, and generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time play information of each terminal device comprises:
determining a heat threshold, wherein the heat threshold is used for representing the number of parallel multicast services which can be supported by the live broadcast management platform at maximum; and generating the hot spot channel information according to the media service real-time playing information of each terminal device and the heat threshold.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the media service real-time playing information comprises: identification information of the currently playing channel.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the media service real-time playing information further comprises: the code rate of the currently played media service.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the method further comprises: receiving channel distribution information corresponding to a current multicast service sent by a live broadcast management platform when the multicast service is created or deleted; and updating the channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service according to the received channel distribution information.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises:
and when a service redirection request sent by a terminal device is received, according to channel distribution information corresponding to the current multicast service, device identification information of the terminal pre-device, a device address of the terminal pre-device and a device state of the terminal pre-device, sending redirection information aiming at the service redirection request to the terminal device.
18. A multicast device, the device comprising: a first processor and a first memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the first processor being adapted to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 11 when the computer program is run.
19. A multicast device, characterized in that the device comprises a second processor and a second memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the second processor being adapted to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 12 to 18 when the computer program is run.
20. A multicast apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an acquisition module and a first processing module, wherein,
The system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring hot spot channel information, and the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
the first processing module is used for adjusting the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information;
wherein, each media service corresponds to a channel and a code rate, and the identification information of the media service comprises: identification information of a corresponding channel and a corresponding code rate; the first processing module is further configured to:
when the first type of media service of at least one code rate of any channel belongs to at least one media service with the highest current play amount, a corresponding multicast service is established for the second type of media service of all code rates of the corresponding channel, and when the first type of media service is a video media service, the second type of media service is an audio media service; when the first type of media service is an audio media service, the second type of media service is a video media service;
the first processing module is further configured to perform at least one of:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
When at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
when a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
21. A multicast apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a generating module and a second processing module, wherein,
the generation module is used for generating hot spot channel information, wherein the hot spot channel information comprises identification information of at least one media service with the highest current play quantity;
the second processing module is used for sending the hot spot channel information to a live broadcast management platform, so that the live broadcast management platform adjusts the current multicast service according to the hot spot channel information;
the second processing module is further configured to:
receiving a heartbeat message sent by a terminal front-end device, wherein the heartbeat message comprises device identification information, a device address and a device state of the terminal front-end device; updating the equipment identification information, the equipment address and the equipment state of the terminal front-end equipment according to the heartbeat message;
The adjusting the current multicast service comprises at least one of the following steps:
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is not being multicast, creating a corresponding multicast service aiming at the media service which is not being multicast;
when at least one media service with highest current play quantity exists in the media service which is in multicast, and the time difference between the current time and the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast is smaller than a set time length, delaying the multicast end time of the media service which is in multicast;
when a low-heat-degree media service exists in the media service which is being multicast, deleting the multicast service corresponding to the low-heat-degree media service; the low-heat media service does not belong to at least one media service with the highest current play quantity.
22. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 10.
23. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 11 to 17.
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