CN110504994B

CN110504994B - Practical design technique for distributed phased array control multiple-input multiple-output system

Info

Publication number: CN110504994B
Application number: CN201910524981.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍一鸣; 董晓岱; 许威; 袁马文
Original assignee: Dong Xiaodai; Yuan Mawen; Huo Yiming
Current assignee: Dong Xiaodai; Yuan Mawen; Huo Yiming
Priority date: 2018-06-17
Filing date: 2019-06-17
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-17
Also published as: CN110504994A

Abstract

Practical systems and methods for distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output (DPA-MIMO) communications are disclosed. The system may include a baseband processor (unit), a plurality of Beamforming (BF) modules, each BF module including at least a beamforming antenna and transceiver circuitry, a plurality of Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios, each of which includes receive chain circuitry and transmit chain circuitry, a plurality of cables or any type of physical signal transmission medium, each of which may connect one of the plurality of beamforming modules to one of the intermediate frequency radios. As the system can be designed for, wearable equipment of virtual reality, virtual reality base station equipment, mobile and/or non-autonomous vehicles, rotor drones, fixed wing drones, high altitude communication systems, foldable handheld communication systems.

Description

Practical design technique for distributed phased array control multiple-input multiple-output system

Cross Reference to Related Applications

The present patent application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 62/686,073 entitled "Practical Design Techniques for Cellular and WiFi Co-enabled Systems" filed on 2018, 6/17, in accordance with U.S. code 35u.s.c.119 (e). The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

One or more embodiments of the present invention relate generally to mobile wireless communications. More particularly, the present invention relates to mimo wireless communication devices and system designs.

Background

The following background information may present specific aspects of the prior art (e.g., without limitation, approaches, facts, or general knowledge), and while believed to be helpful in further educating the reader about other aspects of the prior art, should not be construed as limiting the present invention or any embodiments thereof to anything therein or inferred or implied therein.

Current mobile computing devices, such as but not limited to smartphones, typically contain more and more wireless technologies and standards over time. Support for more wireless technologies and standards can often be achieved by additional hardware systems. Mobile computing devices are typically designed for users taking into account their power, cost, and/or physical space.

In general, current wireless communication systems require higher data rates to enable increasingly complex applications. Wireless communication systems may involve communications at frequencies up to 10 THz. High frequency communications may allow more available spectrum and bandwidth, but may also result in high propagation and penetration losses. Spectral efficiency may be improved by Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) techniques.

Fifth and beyond-fifth generation wireless communication systems, such as 5G, are generally considered to have peak data throughputs of about 10 gbits per second or even higher. Higher data throughput can generally be achieved by using a wider frequency range, improving data encoding and/or error correction, and/or improving signal reception. Higher frequencies, such as above 37GHz, are generally known to have a higher degree of signal interference from physical objects, such as, but not limited to, buildings and/or people, than typical more traditional cellular and WiFi communication frequencies. Technological improvements in data encoding and/or error correction typically require consideration of hardware cost and/or power consumption. Signal reception quality can often be improved by using additional hardware components (such as, but not limited to, antennas and/or amplifiers), and considerations such as, but not limited to, hardware cost, power consumption, and/or physical size are often required.

The following is an example of a particular aspect of the prior art that, while believed to be helpful in further educating the reader about other aspects of the prior art, should not be construed as limiting the present invention, or embodiments thereof, any material described or suggested therein or therein. Another aspect of the prior art that is generally useful as an educational background is that some companies may implement wireless communication designs that include multiple antennas to improve signal reception over a predetermined frequency range.

In view of the above, it is clear that these conventional techniques are not perfect, leaving room for a more optimal approach.

Drawings

The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:

fig. 1 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wearable virtual reality device based on a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output (DPA-MIMO) system according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a detailed schematic diagram of another embodiment of a wearable virtual reality device with multiple radiation beams based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a virtual reality base station device with multiple radiation beams based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a detailed diagram of an embodiment of a virtual reality application scenario based on a distributed phased array MIMO system according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a detailed schematic diagram of one embodiment of a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output (DPMIMO) based motor vehicle system with multiple radiation beams according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system-based gyroplane system with multiple radiation beams according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distributed phased array mimo-based fixed-wing drone system with multiple radiation beams according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a detailed diagram of one embodiment of a communication box for a high altitude platform based on a distributed phased array MIMO system according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a detailed diagram of an embodiment of the present invention with multiple radiation beams for a high altitude platform communication system based on a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system;

FIG. 10 is a detailed diagram of an embodiment of a foldable handheld device based on a distributed phased array MIMO system according to the present invention;

fig. 11 presents a flowchart of an exemplary process for a wireless communication system based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output architecture in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 presents a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process for wireless communication for a cellular and WiFi co-enabled distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Some embodiments of the invention and variations thereof relate to wireless communication systems. Some of these embodiments may include computer software. In some of these embodiments, software may be integrated into hardware, including but not limited to uniquely designed hardware for running the embodiment software.

Fig. 1 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wearable virtual reality device based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system according to the present invention. A wearable virtual reality device 100 based on a DPA-MIMO system includes a virtual reality device head-up 101, one or more beamforming modules, one or more Beamforming (BF) modules 102, one or more cables 103, one or more main logic boards 104, single or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 105, single or more baseband processors 106, and single or more application processors 107. The application processor 107 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 106. The baseband processor 106 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 104 to the single or multiple BF modules 102 through the single or multiple cables 103. The BF module 102 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 102 may be distributed for placement on/within a device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 102 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 102 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 104 through one or more cables 103. The intermediate radio 105 further down-converts the intermediate wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 106 for processing. The application processor 107 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 106 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 107 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 105. The intermediate frequency radio 105 up-converts the baseband signals to an intermediate frequency, which is then conveyed to the single or multiple BF modules 102 by the single or multiple cables 103. The single or multiple BF modules 102 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmission frequency. Further, the BF module 102 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams independently or jointly pointing in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

Single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 105 may be connected to one BF module 102 by single or multiple cables 103. The BF module 102 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with a plurality of intermediate frequency radios 105, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 106 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 102, independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal-to-noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF module 102. The baseband processor 106 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the single or multiple cables 103 may be any type of media capable of signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 103 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as is well understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cable 103 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple cables 103 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 106. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 103 carries multiple signals in multiple frequency bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single beamforming module 102 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 102 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 102 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a DPA-MIMO system to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between the single or multiple units of the wearable virtual reality device 100 on top of the DPA-MIMO based system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 105 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 102 over a single or multiple cables 103. The BF module 102 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 105 via the cable 103.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that single or multiple units of the wearable virtual reality device 100 based on the DPA-MIMO system can be combined into a single functional group or independently enter multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the present invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 105, a cable 103 and a BF module 102 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups including one or more intermediate frequency radios 105, cables 103, and BF modules 102 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 102 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the head display 101 of the virtual reality device includes one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The processes and algorithms may be, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques that may process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 102, either independently or in combination. The BF module 102 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within the BF module 102.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the wearable virtual reality device 200 based on a DPA-MIMO system may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The wearable virtual reality device 200 based on the DPA-MIMO system may be a radio frequency capable system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 2 is a detailed schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wearable virtual reality device with multiple radiation beams in the invention based on a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system. The distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output wearable virtual reality device 200 comprises a virtual reality device head display 201, single or multiple BF modules 202, single or multiple cables 203, and single or multiple radiation beams 204.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the head display 201 of the virtual reality device includes one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The processes and algorithms may be, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques that may process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 202, either independently or in combination. The BF module 202 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one BF module 202. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 202 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 202 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a wearable virtual reality device 200 based on a DPA-MIMO system to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the wearable virtual reality device 200 based on a DPA-MIMO system may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The virtual reality device 200 based on the DPA-MIMO system may be a radio frequency-enabled system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a virtual reality base station device with multiple radiation beams based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system in the present invention. A virtual reality base station apparatus 300 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system includes a virtual reality base station apparatus housing 301, one or more beamforming modules, one or more Beamforming (BF) modules 302, one or more cables 303, one or more main logic boards 304, single or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 305, single or more baseband processors 306, and single or more application processors 307. The application processor 307 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 306. The baseband processor 306 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 104 to the single or multiple BF modules 302 through the single or multiple cables 303. The BF module 302 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 302 may be distributed to be located on/in the device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 302 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 302 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 304 through one or more cables 303. The intermediate radio 305 further down-converts the intermediate wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 306 for processing. The application processor 307 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 306 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 307 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 305. The intermediate frequency radio 305 up-converts the baseband signal to an intermediate frequency and then passes the intermediate frequency signal to the single or multiple BF modules 302 via the single or multiple cables 303. The single or multiple BF modules 302 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 302 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams independently or jointly pointing in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

Single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 305 may be connected to one BF module 302 by single or multiple cables 303. The BF module 302 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with multiple intermediate frequency radios 305, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 306 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 302, independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal to noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF block 302. The baseband processor 306 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the single or multiple cables 303 may be any type of media having signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 303 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, cable 303 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple cables 303 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 306. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 303 carries multiple bands of multiple signals.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 302 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 302 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 302 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a virtual reality base station apparatus 300 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between single or multiple elements of a virtual reality base station apparatus 300 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 305 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 302 over a single or multiple cables 303. The BF module 302 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 305 via cable 303.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that single or multiple units of the virtual reality base station apparatus 300 with multiple radiation beams based on the DPA-MIMO system can be combined into a single functional group or independently enter multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the present invention, the groups each comprising the intermediate frequency radio 305, the cable 303 and the BF module 302 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups comprising one or more intermediate frequency radios 305, cables 303 and BF modules 302 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 302 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the housing 301 of the virtual reality base station apparatus contains one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 302, either independently or in combination. The BF module 302 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF modules 302.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the virtual reality base station apparatus 300 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The virtual reality base station device 300 based on the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system may be a radio frequency functional system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 4 presents a detailed perspective view of an example of a virtual reality application scenario 400 of a system having a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The virtual reality application scenario 400 based on a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system comprises one or more wearable virtual reality devices 401, one or more system controllers 402, one or more central processing systems 403, one or more virtual reality base station devices 404, one or more power supply devices of one virtual reality base station device 405, one or more radiation beams 406, one or more display devices 407, and one or more users 408. Wearable virtual reality device 401 may be configured to receive and/or transmit wireless data. The system controller 402 may be configured to control one or more virtual reality base station devices 404, one or more power supply devices of the virtual reality base station devices 405, one or more radiation beams 406, and one or more display devices 407. The central processing system 403 processes wireless/wired data of the one or more wearable virtual reality devices 401, wireless/wired signals of the system controller 402, wireless/wired data of the one or more virtual reality base station devices 404, and wireless/wired display signals of the one or more displays the virtual reality base station devices 404 may be configured to receive and/or transmit wireless data. The power supply device 405 may be configured to convert the alternating current of the city power into direct current for powering the virtual reality base station device 404. The power supply 405 may include an energy storage device. The display device 407 may process and display wireless/wired data from the wearable virtual reality device 401, the system controller 402, the central processing system 403, and the virtual reality base station device 404.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the wireless data of the virtual reality base station device 404 may include one or more radiation beams. Virtual reality base station device 404 can be configured to be synchronized for transmitting/receiving wireless data. Virtual reality base station devices 404 can be configured to be installed in a distributed manner at different locations.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor vehicle system with multiple radiation beams based on a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system according to the present invention. A vehicle system 500 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system includes a body and chassis 501, one or more Beam Forming (BF) modules 502, one or more cables 503, one or more main logic boards 504, one or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 505, one or more baseband processors 506, and one or more application processors 507. The application processor 507 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 506. The baseband processor 506 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 504 to the single or multiple BF modules 502 through the single or multiple cables 503. The BF module 502 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 502 may be distributed to be located on/within a device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downlink path, the BF module 502 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 502 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 504 through one or more cables 503. The intermediate radio 505 further down-converts the intermediate wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 506 for processing. The application processor 507 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 506 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 507 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 505. The intermediate frequency radio 505 up-converts the baseband signals to an intermediate frequency and then passes the intermediate frequency signals to the single or multiple BF modules 502 over the single or multiple cables 503. The single or multiple BF modules 502 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 302 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams independently or jointly pointing in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

Single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 505 may be connected to one BF module 502 by single or multiple cables 503. The BF module 502 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with multiple intermediate frequency radios 505, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 506 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 502, either independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal to noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements in the BF block 502. Baseband processor 506 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the single or multiple cables 503 may be any type of media having signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 503 may be, but is not limited to, fiber optic cable, coaxial cable, IPEX/IPX cable, and/or Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, cable 503 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single or multiple cables 503 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 506. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 503 carries multiple bands of multiple signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single beamforming module 502 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 502 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 502 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a vehicle system with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between a single or multiple units of a vehicle system 500 having multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 505 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 502 over a single or multiple cables 503. The BF module 302 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 505 over the cable 503.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the individual or multiple elements of a vehicle system 500 with multiple radiation beams based on a DPA-MIMO system may be combined into a single functional group or independently into multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the present invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 505, a cable 503 and a BF module 502 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups including one or more intermediate frequency radios 505, cables 503 and BF modules 502 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 502 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the vehicle system housing 501, which is based on a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system, contains one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 502, either independently or in combination. The BF block 502 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF blocks 302.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a DPA-MIMO system based motor vehicle system 500 with multiple radiation beams may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The vehicle system 500 based on the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system may be a radio frequency-enabled system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 6 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distributed phased array mimo-based gyroplane system with multiple radiation beams according to the present invention. A distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output (sar) based gyroplane system 600 with multiple radiation beams includes a gyroplane body and chassis 601, one or more Beam Forming (BF) modules 606, one or more cables 607, one or more main logic boards 602, single or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 603, single or more baseband processors 604, and single or more application processors 605. The application processor 605 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 604. The baseband processor 604 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 602 to the single or multiple BF modules 606 via the single or multiple cables 607. The BF module 606 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 606 may be distributed to be located on/within the device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 606 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 606 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave master logic boards 602 through one or more cables 607. The intermediate radio 603 further down-converts the intermediate wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 604 for processing. The application processor 605 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 604 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 605 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 603. The intermediate frequency radio 603 up-converts the baseband signals to an intermediate frequency, which is then passed to a single or multiple BF modules 606 via a single or multiple cables 607. The single or multiple BF modules 606 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 606 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams independently or jointly pointing in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, which may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

The single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 603 may be connected to one BF module 606 by a single or multiple cables 607. The BF module 606 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with a plurality of intermediate frequency radios 603, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 604 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 606, either independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal-to-noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF block 606. Baseband processor 604 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the single or multiple cables 607 may be any type of media capable of signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 607 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, cable 607 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple cables 607 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 607. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 607 carries multiple bands of multiple signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single beamforming module 606 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 606 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 606 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based rotorcraft 600 to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between the single or multiple units of the rotary wing drone 600 based on the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 603 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 606 over a single or multiple cables 607. The BF module 606 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 603 over cable 607.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that single or multiple units of the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based rotary wing drone 600 may be combined into a single functional group or independently into multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 603, a cable 607 and a BF module 606 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups comprising one or more intermediate frequency radios 603, cables 607 and BF modules 606 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 606 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, radar services at 76-81 GHz, and/or frequencies for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies for licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system based gyroplane body and chassis 601 of a gyroplane system having multiple radiation beams includes one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 606, either independently or in combination. The BF module 606 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF modules 606.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system based gyroplane system 600 with multiple radiation beams may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system based gyroplane system 600 with multiple radiation beams may be a bluetooth, near field communication, and radio frequency capable system defined by the 3G/4G/5G wireless standard.

Fig. 7 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distributed phased array mimo-based fixed wing drone system with multiple radiation beams according to the present invention. A distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output (memo) system based fixed-wing drone system 700 with multiple radiation beams includes a fixed-wing drone fuselage and chassis 701, one or more Beamforming (BF) modules 702, one or more cables 703, one or more main logic boards 704, single or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 705, single or more baseband processors 706, and single or more application processors 707. The application processor 707 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 706. The baseband processor 706 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 704 to the single or multiple BF modules 702 via the single or multiple cables 703. The BF module 702 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 702 may be distributed to be located on/in the device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 702 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 702 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 704 through one or more cables 703. The intermediate frequency radio 705 further down-converts the intermediate frequency wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 706 for processing. The application processor 707 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 706 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 707 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 705. The intermediate frequency radio 705 up-converts the baseband signals to an intermediate frequency and then passes the intermediate frequency signals to the single or multiple BF modules 702 via the single or multiple cables 703. The single or multiple BF modules 702 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 702 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

The single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 705 may be connected to one BF module 702 by a single or multiple cables 703. The BF module 702 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with multiple intermediate frequency radios 705, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 706 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 702 independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal to noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF block 702. The baseband processor 706 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the single or multiple cables 703 may be any type of media having signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 703 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as is well understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, cable 703 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple cables 703 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 703. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 703 carries multiple signals in multiple frequency bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single beamforming module 702 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 702 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 702 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies so that a distributed phased array mimo system based fixed wing drone system 700 with multiple radiation beams may operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between the individual or multiple elements of a DPA-MIMO system based fixed-wing drone system 700 with multiple radiation beams. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 705 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 702 over a single or multiple cables 703. The BF module 702 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 705 via cable 703. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that single or multiple elements of a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output based fixed wing drone system 700 with multiple radiation beams may be combined into a single functional group or independently into multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 705, a cable 703 and a BF module 702 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the invention, groups comprising one or more intermediate frequency radios 705, cables 703 and BF modules 702 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 702 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based fixed wing drone housing 701 contains one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on the electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 702 independently or in combination. The BF module 702 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF modules 702.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system based fixed wing drone system 700 with multiple radiation beams may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based fixed wing drone 700 may be a bluetooth, near field communication, and radio frequency capable system defined by the 3G/4G/5G wireless standard.

Fig. 8 presents an exemplary perspective view of a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system communication box for a High Altitude Platform (HAP) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A HAP communication box 800 based on a DPA-MIMO system includes a communication box housing/casing/frame 801, one or more Beamforming (BF) modules 802, one or more cables 803, one or more main logic boards 804, single or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 805, single or more baseband processors 806, and single or more application processors 807. The application processor 807 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 806. The baseband processor 806 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 804 to the single or multiple BF modules 802 via the single or multiple cables 803. The BF module 802 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 802 may be distributed for placement on/within a device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 802 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 802 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and that may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 804 through one or more cables 803. The intermediate frequency radio 805 further down-converts the intermediate frequency wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 806 for processing. The application processor 807 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes.

In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 806 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 807 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 805. An intermediate frequency radio 805 up-converts the baseband signal to an intermediate frequency and then passes the intermediate frequency signal to a single or multiple BF modules 802 over a single or multiple cables 803. The single or multiple BF modules 802 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 802 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction and transmit wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

Single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 805 may be connected to one BF module 802 by single or multiple cables 803. The BF module 802 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with a plurality of intermediate frequency radios 805, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the baseband processor 806 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The techniques process single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 802, independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal to noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF block 802. The baseband processor 806 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the single or multiple cables 803 may be any type of media capable of signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 803 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, cable 803 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single or multiple cables 803 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 803. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 803 carries multiple signals in multiple frequency bands.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 802 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 802 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 802 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a HAP communication box 800 based on a DPA-MIMO system to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between the individual or multiple elements of a HAP communication box 800 based on a DPA-MIMO system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 805 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 802 over a single or multiple cables 803. The BF module 802 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 805 over the cable 803.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that single or multiple units of a HAP communication box 800 based on a DPA-MIMO system may be combined into a single functional group or independently enter multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 805, a cable 803 and a BF module 802 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups including one or more intermediate frequency radios 805, cables 803 and BF modules 802 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 802 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based high altitude platform communication box system housing 801 contains one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 802, either independently or in combination. The BF module 802 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF modules 802.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that a HAP communication box 800 based on a DPA-MIMO system may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. One HAP communication box 800 based on DPA-MIMO system may be a radio frequency capable system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 9 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication system for a high altitude platform with multiple radiation beams based on a distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system according to the present invention. The high altitude platform communication system 900 based on a DPA-MIMO system comprises one or more balloons 901, one or more communication and payload boxes 902, and one or more radiation beams 903.

In one exemplary embodiment, balloon 901 may be filled with hot air, as well as helium, hydrogen, or other lighter-than-air material. Balloon 901 may also be associated with the propulsion of an ion wind. Balloon 901 may be associated with energy harvesting materials and techniques to deliver natural energy, including but not limited to solar energy, wind energy, thermal energy, and/or man-made energy, including but not limited to microwave energy and light energy.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one implementation 900 of one or more distributed phased array multiple input multiple output (sar) based systems for high altitude platform communication systems with multiple radiation beams may be deployed at any altitude above sea level, for example, from 10 meters to 60 kilometers. Such communication systems communicate with each other to form local, regional, or global networks. Such communication systems communicate with other systems, including but not limited to terrestrial communication systems, marine/underwater communication systems, airborne communication systems, satellite communication systems, outer space communication systems, and interplanetary communication systems.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that communications and loadbox 902 contains one or more processors and can perform any type of processing and algorithms on electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 903 independently or in combination. The BF block 903 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF blocks 903.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the communication and load box 902 may be associated with energy harvesting materials and techniques to transmit natural energy, including but not limited to solar energy, wind energy, thermal energy, and/or artificial energy, including but not limited to microwave energy and light energy.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a communications and payload box 902 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, vehicle-mounted communications, radar sensing, remote sensing, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 902 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a DPA-MIMO system based HAP communication system 900 to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

Fig. 10 is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of the foldable handheld device based on the distributed phased array multiple input multiple output system according to the present invention. A foldable handheld device 1000 based on a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system includes a foldable handheld device housing/casing/frame 1001, one or more Beamforming (BF) modules 1002, one or more cables 1003, one or more main logic boards 1004, one or more Intermediate Frequency (IF) radios 1005, one or more baseband processors 1006, and one or more application processors 1007. The application processor 1007 processes all baseband signals from the baseband processor 1006. The baseband processor 1006 processes all intermediate frequency signals from the intermediate frequency radio. Electrical signals and/or energy are transmitted from the main logic board 1004 to the single or multiple BF modules 1002 through the single or multiple cables 1003. The BF module 1002 may be configured for receiving and/or transmitting wireless data. One or more BF modules 1002 may be distributed to be located on/in the device.

In a typical receive operation, i.e., the downstream path, the BF module 1002 receives the wireless signal and down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency. The single or multiple BF modules 1002 form multiple wireless receive beams that are independently or jointly directed in any direction, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment. The obtained intermediate frequency wireless signals are transmitted to one or more slave main logic boards 1004 through one or more cables 1003. The intermediate radio 1005 further down-converts the intermediate wireless signal and passes it to the baseband processor 1006 for processing. The application processor 1007 further processes the baseband signal for application purposes. In a typical transmit operation, i.e., the upstream path, the baseband processor 1006 processes the application layer signals from the application processor 707 and generates baseband data carrying communication information and passes the baseband signals to the single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 1005. The intermediate frequency radio 1005 up-converts the baseband signals to an intermediate frequency and then passes the intermediate frequency signals to the single or multiple BF modules 1002 over the single or multiple cables 1003. The single or multiple BF modules 1002 up-convert the received intermediate frequency signals to the system-specified transmit frequency. Further, the BF module 1002 forms a plurality of wireless transmission beams independently or jointly pointing in any direction and transmits wireless signals at a transmission frequency, and these beams may have any beamwidth in a given propagation environment.

Single or multiple intermediate frequency radios 1005 may be connected to one BF module 1002 by single or multiple cables 1003. The BF module 1002 may exchange intermediate frequency signals with a plurality of intermediate frequency radios 1005, which may be performed, but is not limited to, in the event that some BF modules are powered off or standby.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the housing/shell/frame of the foldable handheld device 1001 may be folded between any angle.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the baseband processor 1006 may perform any type of processing and/or algorithmic computation on the electrical signals. The processing and algorithmic computations include, but are not limited to, digital beamforming techniques. The technique processes single or multiple signals from a single or multiple BF modules 1002 independently or in combination. Digital beamforming techniques may perform functions such as, but not limited to, reducing interference and/or enhancing signal-to-noise ratio of signals from corresponding antenna elements of the BF module 1002. The baseband processor 1006 may also implement baseband signal processing in other wireless protocols and/or standards.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the single or multiple cables 1003 may be any type of media capable of signal and/or energy transmission. Cable 1003 may be, but is not limited to, a fiber optic cable, a coaxial cable, an IPEX/IPX cable, and/or an Ethernet cable, etc. having coupling properties as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cable 1003 may be a fiber optic cable capable of carrying signals and/or energy in different optical bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple cables 1003 may carry signals in a single or multiple frequency bands on each cable 1003. One embodiment of the present invention is that a single cable 1003 carries multiple signals in multiple bands.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single beamforming module 1002 may include any variety of beamforming antennas and be relaxed in any position. The antennas of the beamforming module may include, but are not limited to, phased array antennas, steerable antennas, and/or reconfigurable antennas. One embodiment of the present invention is where a set of phased array antennas are placed and oriented in a ring configuration. Another embodiment of the present invention is where multiple sets of phased array antennas are directionally positioned in a stacked three-dimensional formation.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a single beamforming module 1002 may operate in any frequency range. The frequency range may be, but is not limited to, 1GHz to 10THz, and thus may encompass a variety of wireless technologies and wireless standards including, but not limited to, cellular communications, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications, global navigation satellite system communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, satellite communications, terahertz (THz) communications, visible light communications, near field communications, and/or other wireless communications. In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of BF modules 1002 may cover a range of wireless communication frequencies and thus may enable a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based foldable handheld device 1000 to operate over a range of wireless communication protocols.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any signal and/or energy may be transmitted between the single or multiple units of the foldable handheld device 1000 based on a DPA-MIMO system. Signals and/or energy transmitted between single or multiple units include, but are not limited to, Direct Current (DC) power, control signals, reference signals, and/or feedback signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single or multiple cellular intermediate frequency radios 1005 may transmit control and reference signals to a single or multiple BF modules 1002 over a single or multiple cables 1003. The BF module 1002 may transmit a feedback signal back to the cellular intermediate frequency radio 1005 via the cable 1003.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the single or multiple units of the DPA-MIMO system based foldable handheld device 1000 may be combined into a single functional group or independently into multiple functional groups. In one embodiment of the present invention, groups each comprising an intermediate frequency radio 1005, a cable 1003 and a BF module 1002 may operate with respective functions such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals. In another embodiment of the present invention, groups including one or more intermediate frequency radios 1005, cables 1003 and BF modules 1002 may operate with a single function, such as, but not limited to, communication at a particular frequency, communication based on a particular data stream, transmitting signals and/or receiving signals.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a single or multiple BF modules 1002 may cover a wide range of frequencies. The frequency range covered by the module or modules includes, but is not limited to, WiFi bands above 6GHz, wireless gigabit (WiGig) bands covering 57-71GHz, and/or frequencies used for other wireless standards, and/or frequencies of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based foldable handset housing/casing/frame 1001 contains one or more processors that can perform any type of processing and algorithms on electronic signals. The flow and algorithm may be, but are not limited to, a digital beamforming technique that can process one or more signals from one or more BF modules 1002 independently or in combination. The BF module 1002 may perform functions such as, but not limited to, removing interference and/or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more processed signals and/or the signal-to-noise ratio of signals between antenna elements within one of the BF modules 1002.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system based foldable handheld device 1000 may be a system for any wireless communication standard. By wireless communication standard is meant, but not limited to, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WLAN, bluetooth, and/or other wireless standards. The foldable handheld device 1000 based on the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system may be a radio frequency capable system defined based on bluetooth, near field communication, and 3G/4G/5G wireless standards.

Fig. 11 presents a flowchart of an exemplary process for a wireless communication system based on a distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output architecture in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100 includes a reference signal reception step 1102, a beam scanning step 1104, an occlusion detection step 1106, a feedback step 1108, a beam scanning and combining step 1110, a baseband beam forming step 1112, a transmission or reception step 1114, and a power down step 1116.

The DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1100 begins with a receive reference signal step 1102. A DPA-MIMO wireless communication system, for example but not limited to a DPA-MIMO system, such as wearable virtual reality device 100 based on a DPA-MIMO system. The one or more reference signals may be received at one or more signal receiving modules, such as, but not limited to, an antenna, a BF module, such as BF module 102, an optical receiver, and the like.

The beam scanning step 1104 may be performed by one or more BF modules, such as the BF module 102, in which beam scanning and channel estimation are performed. Occlusion detection step 1106 may be performed by a processing unit, such as, but not limited to, a baseband processing processor such as 106. The occlusion detection step 1106 checks whether a BF module, such as the BF module 102, is occluded.

If an occlusion is detected in the occlusion detection step 1106, a power down step 1116 is performed by a BF module, such as the BF module 102. In a power down step 1116, one or more BF modules, such as BF module 102, may be powered down and/or enter a standby state. The BF module, such as BF module 102, may remain in a powered-down and/or standby state until the time interval has elapsed and DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1100 re-enters the receive reference signal step 1102.

If the occlusion detection step 1106 does not detect occlusion of at least a single or multiple BF modules, such as the BF module 102, the feedback step 1108 is initiated by a baseband processing unit, such as one of the baseband processors 106, and transmitted by a single or multiple non-occluded modules, such as the BF module 102. Including, but not limited to, the operating mode, the channel state, temperature, and/or bandwidth of use of each such BF module 102 may be transmitted back to a transmitter within the DPA-MIMO system, such as the wearable virtual reality device 100 based on the DPA-MIMO system.

The BF module may perform the beam steering and beam combining step 1110, i.e., precoding the transmission and combining the reception. In the beam scanning and combining step 1110, beam scanning and beam alignment will be performed according to performance criteria that optimize the DPA-MIMO wireless system including, but not limited to, signal strength, power usage, and/or transmission data rate.

The baseband transmission step 1112 may be performed by a baseband processing unit, such as the baseband processor 106. The baseband transmission step 1112 may precode or combine signals within the DPA-MIMO system, e.g., the wearable virtual reality device 100 based on the DPA-MIMO system, depending on whether the DPA-MIMO system is sending or receiving data. The transmitting or receiving step 1114 may be performed by one or more BF modules (e.g., BF module 102) and may transmit or receive wireless signals according to a transmission mode.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that single or multiple steps in the DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100 may be added, deleted, or rearranged. In one embodiment of the present invention, the DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1100 may skip the feedback step 1108 to reduce latency of the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system, such as the wearable virtual reality device 100 based on the DPA-MIMO system. In another embodiment of the present invention, the beam scanning step 1104 and the occlusion detection step 1106 in the DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1100 may be implemented in any order. Yet another embodiment of the present invention is that additional steps including, but not limited to, data encryption and/or signal multiplexing may be added to the DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100.

One of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the single or multiple steps in the DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100 may be performed by single or multiple modules, single or multiple circuits, and/or single or multiple devices of the DPA-MIMO wireless communication system. One embodiment of the present invention is that the single or multiple steps in the DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100 may be performed by devices including, but not limited to, single or multiple electronic devices, computer networks, and/or single or multiple DPA-MIMO wireless communication systems. In another embodiment of the present invention, the steps in the DPA-MIMO wireless communication flow 1100 are performed by a network computing device in a wireless local area network.

Fig. 12 presents a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process for wireless communication for a cellular and WiFi co-enabled distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The flow 1200 includes a spectrum sensing step 1202, a determine network availability step 1204, a check application requirements step 1206, a network selection step 1208, a configure cell operation step 1210, a configure cell and WiFi operation step 1212, a configure WiFi operation step 1214, and a transmit or receive step 1216.

The wireless communication process 1200 based on a DPA-MIMO system starts at a spectrum sensing step 1202. One or more BF modules, such as BF module 102, may perform spectrum sensing to determine available frequencies and/or traffic for wireless communication.

The determine network availability step 1204 may be performed by one or more BF modules and/or processing modules. Network availability may also be determined by active means such as, but not limited to, message exchange between the cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO wireless communication system 1200 and a transmitter, broadcast messages from a transmitter, and/or user input user equipment.

The check application requirements step 1206 may be performed by a processing unit, such as, but not limited to, a baseband processing unit, such as the baseband processor 106. An examine application requirements step 1206 evaluates the requirements of the application to determine the network to use. Metrics used to determine a suitable network include, but are not limited to, data rate, latency, and/or user input.

At a network selection step 1208, a processing unit, such as but not limited to a baseband processing unit, such as baseband processor 106, may determine one or more networks to use based on any information from the check application requirements step 1206. The configure cellular operations step 1210, configure cellular and WiFi operations step 1212, or configure WiFi operations step 1214 may be performed based on the determination of which network must be used. Network determination may also be determined by factors such as, but not limited to, incoming wireless signals to the user device, traffic on the network, and/or the transmitter network. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any type of wireless network may be supported. The wireless network may be, but is not limited to, bluetooth, WiFi, NFC, and/or cellular.

The sending and/or receiving step 1216 may be performed by any transmission hardware, such as, but not limited to, one or more BF modules, one or more IF radio modules, and sends or receives wireless signals according to a transmission mode based on the transmission mode. Operational status of a wireless communication system based on cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO systems.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the wireless communication process 1200 based on cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO systems is not limited to a cellular and WiFi combination. The cellular and WiFi jointly enabled DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1200 may be any combination of two or more wireless communication technologies. In one embodiment of the invention, the cellular and WiFi jointly enabled DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1200 may be configured for bluetooth, NFC, and amateur radio wireless communications. In another embodiment of the present invention, the configure cellular operations step 1210, the configure cellular and WiFi operations step 1212, and the configure WiFi operations step 1214 may each individually configure cellular and WiFi jointly enabled wireless communications based on the DPA-MIMO system. Or more wireless communication protocols.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the configure cellular and WiFi operation step 1212 is not limited to cellular and WiFi combinations based on existing frequency bands/spectrum used by cellular and WiFi standards. Such a configuration may require wider and more powerful carrier aggregation (e.g., Super-carrier aggregation (Super-CA)) for all currently available frequency bands (e.g., sub-6 GHz, mmWave frequency bands) and any other potentially available frequency bands (e.g., beyond 95GHz and THz, visible light bands).

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one or more steps in the wireless communication process 1200 of a cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system may be added, removed, or rearranged. In another embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication process 1200 based on a cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system may omit the step spectrum sensing step 1202 to reduce latency in the cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system based wireless communication. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the determining network availability 1204 and checking application requirements 1206 steps in the wireless communication process 1200 based on the cellular and WiFi jointly enabled DPA-MIMO system may occur in any order. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, additional steps (such as, but not limited to, data encryption and/or signal multiplexing) may be added to the wireless communication process 1200 for a cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one or more steps in the wireless communication process 1200 for a cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system may be performed by one or more cellular and WiFi modules, or one or more circuits, and/or one or more devices to perform this process 1200. One or more steps of the cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO wireless communication process 1200 may be performed by a device such as, but not limited to, one or more consumer electronic devices, a computer network and/or a device, or by more cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system based wireless communication systems. In another embodiment of the invention, the steps of the wireless communication process 1200 based on a cellular and WiFi co-enabled DPA-MIMO system may be performed by a networked computing device on a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).

Based upon or otherwise inspired by the present patent, one skilled in the art can appreciate that the above steps can be replaced, reordered, deleted, and additional steps added according to the needs of a particular application. Moreover, those skilled in the art can appreciate that the above-described inventive steps can be implemented by any physical or hardware system, as taught by the present patent. Any typical computer system configured to provide computing system services for all the method steps of the present invention that may be implemented on a computer.

All disclosed features included in this document, including abstract and drawings, may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

Having fully described at least one embodiment of the invention, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that other equivalent or alternative methods of implementing DPA-MIMO in a hardware design according to the invention. The various aspects of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration, and the specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. The specific implementation of DPA-MIMO in hardware design may vary depending on the particular context or application. By way of example and not limitation, DPA-MIMO in the above hardware design is principally directed to the implementation of the consumer electronics class; however, similar techniques may alternatively be applied to internet of things applications (IoT), such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication or sensor-to-sensor communication, and embodiments of the present invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It should be further understood that not all embodiments disclosed in the foregoing specification necessarily satisfy or achieve each object, advancement, or improvement described in the foregoing specification.

Claims

1. A system for distributed phased array multiple-input multiple-output (DPA-MIMO) communication, comprising:

a baseband processing unit;

a plurality of distributively placed Beamforming (BF) modules, each of which comprises at least a beamforming antenna and transceiver circuitry, said transceiver circuitry comprising at least a down-converter and an up-converter, the down-converter down-converting beamformed antenna radio frequency signals to intermediate frequency signals, and the up-converter up-converting intermediate frequency signals to radio frequencies and sending them to said beamforming antenna for transmission; and

a plurality of Intermediate Frequency (IF) radio modules, each of which includes a receive chain circuit and a transmit chain circuit, the receive chain circuit including at least one down converter for down-converting an intermediate frequency signal sent from the BF module to a baseband signal and transmitting the baseband signal to the baseband processing unit, and the transmit chain circuit including at least one up converter for up-converting a received baseband signal from the baseband processing unit to an intermediate frequency signal required by the beamforming module and transmitting the intermediate frequency signal to the BF module:

each BF module is connected with a plurality of IF radio modules through a plurality of independent cables;

wherein the design, placement, and use of the system is based on at least one of: an available physical space; the size of the beam forming module; a total number of beamforming modules; heat dissipation; a spatial multiplexing gain or target diversity gain; the plurality of beamforming modules are positioned in a distributed manner and maintain an edge-to-edge spacing of one beamforming module that minimizes mutual coupling and propagating interference, thereby enhancing signal diversity and signal quality between the beamforming modules.

2. A wearable virtual reality head display device comprising the system of claim 1, wherein a placement location and a number of placements of elements of the BF module, IF radio module, baseband processor, etc. of the wearable virtual reality head display device are determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

3. A virtual reality base station comprising the system of claim 1, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. of the virtual reality base station is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

4. A motor vehicle comprising the system of claim 1, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. components of the motor vehicle onto the body and chassis of the motor vehicle is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

5. An unmanned aerial vehicle comprising the system of claim 1, wherein the placement location and number of placements of elements of the BF module, IF radio module, baseband processor, etc. of the unmanned aerial vehicle onto the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage and chassis is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

6. A high altitude communication box comprising the system of claim 1, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of the high altitude communication box to the high altitude communication box housing/casing/frame is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

7. A foldable handheld device comprising the system of claim 1, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of said foldable handheld device into said foldable handheld device housing/shell/frame is determined by at least one of metrics or objectives of heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc.

8. A method of data communication employing the system of claim 1, the method comprising:

receiving, by the distributed beamforming module, a single or multiple reference signals from a communication station outside of a DPA-MIMO wireless communication system;

performing beam scanning and channel estimation by the distributed beamforming module, the IF radio module, and the baseband processing unit;

judging whether the BF modules are shielded or not according to the beam scanning result and the channel estimation step, and carrying out shielding detection on each BF module by the baseband processing unit;

for one or more BF modules which are detected to be not shielded, using the BF modules which are not shielded to carry out beam scanning and beam alignment, carrying out optimization with beams from a communication base station, and optimizing the performance of a communication link including signal strength, power utilization, transmission data rate and the like;

the baseband processing unit performs baseband digital beamforming to further optimize communication link performance; and transmitting and receiving wireless data signals from the configured beams from the unobstructed BF module, IF radio module and baseband processing unit.

9. A method for a wearable virtual reality head display device, comprising the method of claim 8, wherein a placement location and a number of placements of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of the wearable virtual reality head display device are determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

10. A method for a virtual reality base station, comprising the method of claim 8, wherein the placement location and placement number of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. of the virtual reality base station are determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

11. A method for a motor vehicle comprising the method of claim 8, wherein the placement location and number of placements of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of the motor vehicle onto the motor vehicle body and chassis is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

12. A method for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising the method of claim 8, wherein the placement location and number of placements of elements of the unmanned aerial vehicle such as BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. onto the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage and chassis is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

13. A method for an overhead communication box, comprising the method of claim 8, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of the overhead communication box to the overhead communication box housing/casing/frame is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.

14. A method for a foldable handheld device, comprising the method of claim 8, wherein the placement location and number of placement of BF modules, IF radio modules, baseband processors, etc. elements of said foldable handheld device into said foldable handheld device housing/casing/frame is determined by at least one of user experience, heat dissipation, power usage, signal reception quality, signal transmission quality, device aesthetics, etc. metrics or objectives.